277:"Examples of such dances are the ventilateur ('electric fan', which describes the motion of the buttocks swirling suggestively); xaj bi ('the dog', in which a dancer lifts his/her leg in imitation of a dog); moulaye chigin (which involves pelvic and knee movements that perfectly match the sabar breaks); and more recently, the jelkati (a dance in which the upper arms, bent at the elbows, move in parallel motion from left to right). All of these dance crazes are closely tied to sabar breaks, and some (such as tawran tej) are even named for the vocal mnemonics of the sabar rhythm they accompany."
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348:"The rhythmic foundation and primary identifiable feature of modern mbalax is the sabar...in Wolof gewel percussionist parlance, mbalax literally means 'accompaniment'. Within a sabar ensemble, different drums play different roles, and mbalax refers to the accompaniment parts played by the mbeng-mbeng. However, the mbalax part varies rhythmically from one dance to another.
68:, a social identity that includes both the original Wolof people of the Greater Senegambia region and the urban panethnic identity that arose during colonialism. A cultural value proved by Wolof is their one's and respect of other cultural and musical practices. Therefore the origins of mbalax include a fusion of Wolof, Soce, and
81:. In this way many ethnic groups may participate and the inclusion also increases the accessibilyt and popularity of the genre. In the 1970s, mbalax arose as Senegalese fused indigenous music styles with urban dance music from the African diaspora, the West, and the continent. These foreign sounds included U.S.
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have been incorporated into the music, to accompany the dance. In addition to the instrumentation, humming, chanting and singing (in either Wolof, French or
English) are used in the music. The lyrics of mbalax songs address social, religious, familial, or moral issues.
72:
music, rhythms, and instrumentation. The Wolof ability to include the diverse styles from
Senegambian groups has allowed the sabar and its modern music formation to thrive. It is not uncommon, for example, for a sabar event to include music of the Serer such as the
148:, and Latin pop from the Caribbean and New York (e.g., pachanga, son, charanga, salsa, and Latin jazz). In this mix of African diasporic sounds Senegalese fans and musicians wanted their own urban popular dance music so they began singing in
582:
Mangin, Timothy R. "Notes on Jazz in
Senegal." Uptown Conversation: The New Jazz Studies. Eds. O'Meally, Robert G., Brent Hayes Edwards and Farah Jasmine Griffin. New York City, Canada: Columbia University Press, 2004. 224-49.
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could perform music. Their traditional role was transmitting oral history, genealogies and social rankings, diplomacy, and storytelling. Today, griots continue to participate in naming ceremonies, weddings, and funerals.
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in the early 1970s. Like many other francophone West
African countries the Senegalese popular music scene was partially influenced by soul, blues, jazz, R&B, and rock from the United States, varieté from France,
222:(talking drum) percussion, and widely influenced African and Arabic vocalistic stylings that continue to make Mbalax one of the most distinctive forms of dance music in west Africa and the diaspora.
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The basic mbalax dancing involves pelvic gyrations and knee movements, but new movements arise as well, often associated with popular songs. Patricia Tang describes some of the new movements:
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Mbalax
Dancing is popular in nightclubs and social gatherings as well as religious and life cycle events such as weddings, birthdays, and naming ceremonies.
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Senegalese songs are usually unwritten, and certain instruments or musical styles are reserved for specific genders or age groups. In the past, only
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and other modern
Caribbean, Latin, and African pop musics. Mbalax artists frequently collaborate with artists from other genres, such as
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Mbalax instrumentation includes keyboards, synths and other electronic production methods. However, it is the Nder (lead drum), the
64:. The musical style is rooted in the indigenous instrumental and vocal styles accompanied by polyrhythmic sabar drumming of the
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drum (see Mangin). Dancers began using moves associated with the sabar, and tipping the singers as if they were traditional
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hat were now played on the electric bass, guitar and keyboards.
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Music is performed using instruments such as drums,
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504:. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press.
43:afro mbalax, mabalax pur et dur, moderne mbalax
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167:Among the bands that played this new style,
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461:"Photo Blog: The Beat of The Gambia"
89:were also fused with the rhythms of
22:Mbalax, Senegalese urban dance music
344:According to author Patricia Tang:
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135:music. The popular dance form of
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282:Music and instrumentation
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573:(Retrieved 13 July 2019)
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114:The traditional form of
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218:(rhythm drum), and the
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659:African popular music
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100:History and influence
118:originated from the
106:Ndut initiation rite
79:ndut rite ceremonies
1278:Music of the Gambia
827:African heavy metal
561:Bradt Travel Guides
441:Right for Education
139:developed in urban
397:Alioune Mbaye Nder
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1108:Moroccan pop
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1023:Kadongo Kamu
1003:Isicathamiya
946:Coupé-décalé
805:Zimdancehall
675:desert blues
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487:Google Books
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476:
465:. Retrieved
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444:. Retrieved
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407:Coumba Gawlo
387:Yusupha Ngum
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266:Mbalax dance
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240:Coupé-Décalé
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129:a religious
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771:Zenji flava
766:Bongo Flava
369:Thione Seck
338:synthesizer
201:Ivory Coast
185:Thione Seck
1262:Categories
1232:Ziglibithy
1078:Marrabenta
1063:Mahraganat
926:Chimurenga
783:Zimbabwean
749:Senegalese
657:Genres of
610:. p.
467:2022-05-30
446:2022-05-30
423:References
392:Pape Diouf
364:Habib Faye
197:Mauritania
183:(starring
171:(starring
62:the Gambia
1222:Wassoulou
1138:Palm-wine
1028:Kidandali
936:Coladeira
904:Cape jazz
889:Bend-skin
879:Bantowbol
839:Afro-soul
822:Afro-rock
817:Afrobeats
761:Tanzanian
734:Mauritian
417:Ismaël Lô
378:Omar Pène
373:Raam Daan
181:Raam Daan
1123:Ndombolo
1113:Motswako
1093:Mbaqanga
976:Highlife
951:Edo Funk
919:Moroccan
914:Algerian
874:Bajourou
849:Amapiano
812:Afrobeat
778:Togolese
744:Nigerien
739:Nigerian
729:Moroccan
724:Malawian
697:Ghanaian
687:Algerian
1247:Zouglou
1242:Zoblazo
1217:Tabanka
1202:Soukous
1197:Singeli
1148:Raï'n'B
1133:Odi Pop
1068:Makossa
1058:Madiaba
1033:Kizomba
998:Hiplife
899:Bikutsi
884:Batuque
832:Zamrock
702:Ivorian
692:Gambian
557:Senegal
353:Artists
334:trumpet
306:balafon
236:Hip-Hop
179:), and
141:Senegal
58:Senegal
54:mbalakh
32:Senegal
1212:Taarab
1187:Shaabi
1175:Seggae
1160:Salegy
1155:Sakara
1088:Mbalax
1083:Maloya
1073:Marabi
1053:Logobi
1043:Kwaito
1038:Kuduro
961:Funaná
909:Chaabi
869:Azonto
864:Assiko
800:Seggae
712:Boomba
707:Kenyan
583:Print.
567:
537:
501:Mbalax
330:violin
297:griots
252:Mokobé
205:France
161:griots
137:mbalax
116:mbalax
50:Mbalax
1227:Zaley
1182:Semba
1128:Njuup
1103:Morna
1098:Mbube
1048:Kwela
1008:Jaiva
993:Hipco
966:Gnawa
894:Benga
859:Apala
717:Genge
326:piano
318:flute
216:Sabar
155:sabar
150:Wolof
132:Serer
125:Njuup
120:sabar
110:Njuup
92:sabar
75:njuup
70:Serer
66:Wolof
1170:Sega
1018:Jùjú
971:Gqom
956:Fuji
931:Colá
844:Alté
565:ISBN
535:ISBN
412:Titi
380:and
371:and
336:and
314:Tama
310:Riti
244:Zouk
228:Funk
224:Jazz
220:Tama
203:and
193:Mali
175:and
108:and
87:rock
83:soul
60:and
52:(or
1143:Raï
1013:Jit
612:159
506:doi
262:'.
258:; '
232:RnB
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