Knowledge (XXG)

Mbugu language

Source šŸ“

1006: 423:
Normal Mbugu distinguishes 29 consonants. Inner Mbugu distinguishes an additional four: /Ź” ɬ x x/, for a total of 33. The table below displays the consonants of Mbugu in IPA format, along with Mous' (1995) practical orthography in angle brackets where it differs from IPA.
1103: 1096: 2430: 2425: 2420: 2415: 2410: 1089: 410:
admixture. Mous presents the Cushitic element as a register of a Bantu language, and identifies it as largely East Cushitic rather than South Cushitic.
395:
and Pare. They share a grammar, to the point that their syntax is identical and a passage in one can be translated to the other simply by changing the
2399: 1117: 318: 203: 2461: 966:
Three tones are distinguished in Mbugu: high, low, and falling. Low tone is default (unmarked). High tone is represented with an acute accent
715: 846: 829: 2309: 1048:
Roland KieƟling, "South Cushitic links to East Cushitic", in Zaborski ed, 2001, New Data and New Methods in Afroasiatic Linguistics
2456: 1022: 931: 701: 266: 88: 1571: 938: 758: 708: 332: 1459: 1453: 1447: 910: 742: 725: 360: 952: 836: 534: 527: 98: 82: 2087: 1565: 1559: 1081: 765: 735: 541: 2451: 2245: 2241: 2235: 2157: 2123: 2041: 1916: 1265: 917: 403: 1330: 584: 577: 551: 2280: 1318: 1005: 802: 776: 676: 666: 658: 641: 631: 623: 611: 591: 2390: 1417: 822: 487: 480: 123: 601: 494: 694: 570: 520: 1058: 2017: 2011: 1678: 1672: 1642: 1636: 1630: 1624: 1618: 504: 440: 384: 246: 47: 2402:
is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.
2327: 2047: 1857: 1741: 751: 455: 445: 392: 363:, which have been treated as separate languages by some authorities (e.g. Tucker and Bryan): 2362: 2005: 1999: 1993: 1987: 1981: 1975: 1969: 1928: 1401: 1365: 1342: 1194: 435: 108: 2333: 2292: 2251: 2129: 2117: 2105: 2070: 2064: 1946: 1934: 1910: 1898: 1886: 1863: 1845: 1828: 1794: 1776: 1747: 1735: 1718: 1712: 1666: 1612: 1500: 1383: 1294: 1288: 1241: 1223: 1113: 474: 450: 388: 255: 118: 113: 74: 2383: 2356: 2339: 2229: 2223: 2217: 2211: 2205: 2199: 2193: 2187: 2181: 2175: 2169: 2111: 2029: 2023: 1963: 1904: 1892: 1788: 1759: 1753: 1684: 1660: 1654: 1595: 1577: 1530: 1524: 1483: 1477: 1471: 1465: 1435: 1429: 1423: 1407: 1395: 1389: 1377: 1371: 1348: 1336: 1324: 1312: 1306: 1300: 1271: 1259: 1235: 1200: 1188: 1182: 1176: 1152: 1146: 1140: 349: 263: 193: 2445: 2321: 2315: 2286: 2163: 2099: 2093: 2035: 1922: 1851: 1822: 1782: 1648: 1589: 1583: 1542: 1536: 1518: 1512: 1506: 1441: 1413: 1253: 1247: 1229: 1206: 1170: 1158: 407: 372: 270: 1940: 558: 396: 356: 892: 337: 93: 998: 904: 897: 993: 946: 925: 688: 303: 284: 186: 170: 177: 2274: 2268: 814: 236: 37: 1164: 514: 103: 2407:
Narrow Bantu languages by Guthrie classification zone templates
1085: 1036:
The Making of a Mixed Language: the case of MaŹ¼a/Mbugu
970:, while falling tone is represented with the sequence 371:) is purely Bantu, with vocabulary closely related to 2348: 2301: 2260: 2149: 2142: 2079: 2056: 1955: 1878: 1837: 1814: 1807: 1768: 1727: 1704: 1697: 1604: 1551: 1492: 1357: 1280: 1215: 1132: 1125: 331: 315: 301: 282: 277: 252: 242: 232: 220: 200: 184: 168: 163: 71: 61: 53: 43: 33: 21: 884:Both registers of Mbugu distinguish five vowels. 406:by Ehret. However, KieƟling (2001) notes a large 1097: 868: 866: 864: 862: 8: 2431:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones Nā€“S) 2426:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones Jā€“M) 2421:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones Eā€“H) 2416:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones Cā€“D) 2411:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones Aā€“B) 2146: 1811: 1701: 1129: 1104: 1090: 1082: 217: 18: 1074:Tosco, Mauro. 2000. 'Cushitic Overview.' 1017: 1015: 886: 426: 983: 858: 402:The Cushitic element was identified as 989: 987: 432: 7: 2389:Languages between parentheses are 1038:. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins Pub. Co. 14: 951: 937: 930: 916: 909: 845: 835: 828: 821: 775: 764: 757: 741: 734: 724: 714: 707: 700: 600: 590: 583: 576: 557: 550: 540: 533: 526: 503: 493: 486: 479: 16:Bantu language spoken in Tanzania 1004: 2462:Northeast Coast Bantu languages 1023:New Updated Guthrie List Online 2393:of the language on their left. 391:morphology similar to that of 1: 1059:Classification of Afroasiatic 872:Only occurring in Inner Mbugu 1076:Journal of Ethiopian Studies 383:) consists of an inherited 367:or "Normal Mbugu" (autonym 2478: 428:Table of Mbugu consonants 379:or "Inner Mbugu" (autonym 2375: 950: 813: 687: 665: 630: 610: 582: 532: 513: 485: 473: 454: 449: 444: 439: 434: 225: 26: 1021:Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. 2457:East Cushitic languages 2400:Guthrie classification 1118:Guthrie classification 1034:Mous, Maarten (2003). 124:Northeast Coast Bantu 359:speak two divergent 806:⟨nhx⟩ 645:⟨nhk⟩ 635:⟨nht⟩ 627:⟨mhp⟩ 429: 972:⟨Ć”a⟩ 781:⟨gh⟩ 730:⟨sh⟩ 720:⟨hl⟩ 680:⟨ng⟩ 670:⟨nd⟩ 662:⟨mb⟩ 546:⟨ch⟩ 499:⟨ny⟩ 427: 247:Usambara Mountains 67:(7,000 cited 1997) 48:Usambara Mountains 2439: 2438: 2384:extinct languages 2371: 2370: 2138: 2137: 1803: 1802: 1693: 1692: 1002:(25th ed., 2022) 968:⟨Ć”⟩ 959: 958: 855: 854: 841:⟨y⟩ 596:⟨j⟩ 563:⟨'⟩ 343: 342: 216: 215: 2469: 2147: 1812: 1702: 1130: 1116:(Zones Eā€“H) (by 1106: 1099: 1092: 1083: 1062: 1055: 1049: 1046: 1040: 1039: 1031: 1025: 1019: 1010: 1009: 1008: 991: 973: 969: 955: 941: 934: 920: 913: 887: 873: 870: 849: 842: 839: 832: 825: 807: 804: 791: 782: 779: 768: 761: 754: 745: 738: 731: 728: 721: 718: 711: 704: 697: 681: 678: 671: 668: 663: 660: 655: 646: 643: 636: 633: 628: 625: 620: 604: 597: 594: 587: 580: 573: 564: 561: 554: 547: 544: 537: 530: 523: 507: 500: 497: 490: 483: 469: 464: 430: 387:vocabulary with 327: 321: 296: 287: 258: 218: 212: 206: 196: 180: 173: 109:Southern Bantoid 77: 19: 2477: 2476: 2472: 2471: 2470: 2468: 2467: 2466: 2452:Mixed languages 2442: 2441: 2440: 2435: 2367: 2344: 2297: 2256: 2230:Southeast Kongo 2134: 2075: 2052: 2042:Socotra Swahili 1951: 1874: 1833: 1799: 1764: 1723: 1689: 1600: 1547: 1537:Mwimbi-Muthambi 1488: 1353: 1276: 1211: 1121: 1114:Bantu languages 1110: 1071: 1069:Further reading 1066: 1065: 1056: 1052: 1047: 1043: 1033: 1032: 1028: 1020: 1013: 1003: 992: 985: 980: 971: 967: 964: 882: 877: 876: 871: 860: 840: 805: 789: 780: 750: 729: 719: 693: 679: 669: 661: 653: 644: 634: 626: 618: 613: 595: 569: 562: 545: 519: 498: 467: 462: 421: 416: 325: 322: 317: 294: 283: 273: 259: 256:Language family 254: 210: 207: 202: 192: 176: 169: 159: 119:Northeast Bantu 78: 75:Language family 73: 64: 63:Native speakers 17: 12: 11: 5: 2475: 2473: 2465: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2444: 2443: 2437: 2436: 2434: 2433: 2428: 2423: 2418: 2413: 2408: 2404: 2403: 2395: 2394: 2387: 2376: 2373: 2372: 2369: 2368: 2366: 2365: 2359: 2352: 2350: 2346: 2345: 2343: 2342: 2336: 2330: 2324: 2318: 2312: 2305: 2303: 2299: 2298: 2296: 2295: 2289: 2283: 2277: 2271: 2264: 2262: 2258: 2257: 2255: 2254: 2248: 2238: 2232: 2226: 2220: 2214: 2208: 2202: 2196: 2190: 2184: 2178: 2172: 2166: 2160: 2153: 2151: 2144: 2140: 2139: 2136: 2135: 2133: 2132: 2126: 2120: 2114: 2108: 2102: 2096: 2090: 2083: 2081: 2077: 2076: 2074: 2073: 2067: 2060: 2058: 2054: 2053: 2051: 2050: 2044: 2038: 2032: 2026: 2020: 2014: 2008: 2002: 1996: 1990: 1984: 1978: 1972: 1966: 1959: 1957: 1953: 1952: 1950: 1949: 1943: 1937: 1931: 1925: 1919: 1913: 1907: 1901: 1895: 1889: 1882: 1880: 1876: 1875: 1873: 1872: 1866: 1860: 1854: 1848: 1841: 1839: 1835: 1834: 1832: 1831: 1825: 1818: 1816: 1809: 1805: 1804: 1801: 1800: 1798: 1797: 1791: 1785: 1779: 1772: 1770: 1766: 1765: 1763: 1762: 1756: 1750: 1744: 1738: 1731: 1729: 1725: 1724: 1722: 1721: 1715: 1708: 1706: 1699: 1695: 1694: 1691: 1690: 1688: 1687: 1681: 1675: 1669: 1663: 1657: 1651: 1645: 1639: 1633: 1627: 1621: 1615: 1608: 1606: 1602: 1601: 1599: 1598: 1592: 1586: 1580: 1574: 1568: 1562: 1555: 1553: 1549: 1548: 1546: 1545: 1539: 1533: 1527: 1521: 1515: 1509: 1503: 1496: 1494: 1490: 1489: 1487: 1486: 1480: 1474: 1468: 1462: 1456: 1450: 1444: 1438: 1432: 1426: 1420: 1410: 1404: 1398: 1392: 1386: 1380: 1374: 1368: 1361: 1359: 1355: 1354: 1352: 1351: 1345: 1339: 1333: 1327: 1321: 1315: 1309: 1303: 1297: 1291: 1284: 1282: 1278: 1277: 1275: 1274: 1268: 1262: 1256: 1250: 1244: 1238: 1232: 1226: 1219: 1217: 1213: 1212: 1210: 1209: 1203: 1197: 1191: 1185: 1179: 1173: 1167: 1161: 1155: 1149: 1143: 1136: 1134: 1127: 1123: 1122: 1111: 1109: 1108: 1101: 1094: 1086: 1080: 1079: 1070: 1067: 1064: 1063: 1057:Blench, 2006, 1050: 1041: 1026: 1011: 982: 981: 979: 976: 963: 960: 957: 956: 949: 943: 942: 935: 928: 922: 921: 914: 907: 901: 900: 895: 890: 881: 878: 875: 874: 857: 856: 853: 852: 850: 843: 833: 826: 819: 817: 811: 810: 808: 800: 798: 796: 794: 792: 786: 785: 783: 773: 771: 769: 762: 755: 747: 746: 739: 732: 722: 712: 705: 698: 691: 685: 684: 682: 674: 672: 664: 656: 650: 649: 647: 639: 637: 629: 621: 616: 608: 607: 605: 598: 588: 581: 574: 566: 565: 555: 548: 538: 531: 524: 517: 511: 510: 508: 501: 491: 484: 477: 471: 470: 465: 459: 458: 453: 448: 443: 438: 433: 420: 417: 415: 412: 404:South Cushitic 352:of Tanzania. 350:Bantu language 341: 340: 335: 329: 328: 323: 316: 313: 312: 307: 299: 298: 288: 280: 279: 278:Language codes 275: 274: 262: 260: 253: 250: 249: 244: 240: 239: 234: 233:Native to 230: 229: 223: 222: 214: 213: 208: 201: 198: 197: 190: 182: 181: 174: 166: 165: 164:Language codes 161: 160: 158: 157: 156: 155: 154: 153: 152: 151: 150: 149: 148: 147: 146: 145: 144: 143: 142: 141: 140: 139: 138: 137: 89:Atlanticā€“Congo 81: 79: 72: 69: 68: 65: 62: 59: 58: 55: 51: 50: 45: 41: 40: 35: 34:Native to 31: 30: 24: 23: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2474: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2453: 2450: 2449: 2447: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2406: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2385: 2381: 2378: 2377: 2374: 2364: 2360: 2358: 2354: 2353: 2351: 2347: 2341: 2337: 2335: 2331: 2329: 2325: 2323: 2319: 2317: 2313: 2311: 2307: 2306: 2304: 2300: 2294: 2290: 2288: 2284: 2282: 2278: 2276: 2272: 2270: 2266: 2265: 2263: 2259: 2253: 2249: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2237: 2233: 2231: 2227: 2225: 2221: 2219: 2215: 2213: 2209: 2207: 2203: 2201: 2197: 2195: 2194:Central Kongo 2191: 2189: 2185: 2183: 2179: 2177: 2173: 2171: 2167: 2165: 2161: 2159: 2155: 2154: 2152: 2148: 2145: 2141: 2131: 2127: 2125: 2121: 2119: 2115: 2113: 2109: 2107: 2103: 2101: 2097: 2095: 2091: 2089: 2085: 2084: 2082: 2078: 2072: 2068: 2066: 2062: 2061: 2059: 2055: 2049: 2045: 2043: 2039: 2037: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2025: 2021: 2019: 2015: 2013: 2009: 2007: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1995: 1991: 1989: 1985: 1983: 1979: 1977: 1973: 1971: 1967: 1965: 1961: 1960: 1958: 1954: 1948: 1944: 1942: 1938: 1936: 1932: 1930: 1926: 1924: 1920: 1918: 1914: 1912: 1908: 1906: 1902: 1900: 1896: 1894: 1890: 1888: 1884: 1883: 1881: 1877: 1871: 1867: 1865: 1861: 1859: 1855: 1853: 1849: 1847: 1843: 1842: 1840: 1836: 1830: 1826: 1824: 1820: 1819: 1817: 1813: 1810: 1806: 1796: 1792: 1790: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1778: 1774: 1773: 1771: 1767: 1761: 1757: 1755: 1751: 1749: 1745: 1743: 1739: 1737: 1733: 1732: 1730: 1726: 1720: 1716: 1714: 1710: 1709: 1707: 1703: 1700: 1696: 1686: 1682: 1680: 1676: 1674: 1670: 1668: 1664: 1662: 1658: 1656: 1652: 1650: 1646: 1644: 1640: 1638: 1634: 1632: 1628: 1626: 1622: 1620: 1616: 1614: 1610: 1609: 1607: 1603: 1597: 1593: 1591: 1587: 1585: 1581: 1579: 1575: 1573: 1569: 1567: 1563: 1561: 1557: 1556: 1554: 1550: 1544: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1532: 1528: 1526: 1522: 1520: 1516: 1514: 1510: 1508: 1504: 1502: 1498: 1497: 1495: 1491: 1485: 1481: 1479: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1467: 1463: 1461: 1457: 1455: 1451: 1449: 1445: 1443: 1439: 1437: 1433: 1431: 1427: 1425: 1421: 1419: 1415: 1411: 1409: 1405: 1403: 1399: 1397: 1393: 1391: 1387: 1385: 1381: 1379: 1375: 1373: 1369: 1367: 1363: 1362: 1360: 1356: 1350: 1346: 1344: 1340: 1338: 1334: 1332: 1328: 1326: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1314: 1310: 1308: 1304: 1302: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1290: 1286: 1285: 1283: 1279: 1273: 1269: 1267: 1263: 1261: 1257: 1255: 1251: 1249: 1245: 1243: 1239: 1237: 1233: 1231: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1220: 1218: 1214: 1208: 1204: 1202: 1198: 1196: 1195:Talinga-Bwisi 1192: 1190: 1186: 1184: 1180: 1178: 1174: 1172: 1168: 1166: 1162: 1160: 1156: 1154: 1150: 1148: 1144: 1142: 1138: 1137: 1135: 1131: 1128: 1124: 1119: 1115: 1107: 1102: 1100: 1095: 1093: 1088: 1087: 1084: 1078:33(2):87-121. 1077: 1073: 1072: 1068: 1060: 1054: 1051: 1045: 1042: 1037: 1030: 1027: 1024: 1018: 1016: 1012: 1007: 1001: 1000: 995: 990: 988: 984: 977: 975: 961: 954: 948: 945: 944: 940: 936: 933: 929: 927: 924: 923: 919: 915: 912: 908: 906: 903: 902: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 888: 885: 879: 869: 867: 865: 863: 859: 851: 848: 844: 838: 834: 831: 827: 824: 820: 818: 816: 812: 809: 801: 799: 797: 795: 793: 788: 787: 784: 778: 774: 772: 770: 767: 763: 760: 756: 753: 749: 748: 744: 740: 737: 733: 727: 723: 717: 713: 710: 706: 703: 699: 696: 692: 690: 686: 683: 675: 673: 657: 652: 651: 648: 640: 638: 622: 617: 615: 609: 606: 603: 599: 593: 589: 586: 579: 575: 572: 568: 567: 560: 556: 553: 549: 543: 539: 536: 529: 525: 522: 518: 516: 512: 509: 506: 502: 496: 492: 489: 482: 478: 476: 472: 466: 461: 460: 457: 452: 447: 442: 437: 431: 425: 418: 413: 411: 409: 408:East Cushitic 405: 400: 398: 397:content words 394: 390: 386: 382: 378: 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 353: 351: 347: 339: 336: 334: 330: 324: 320: 314: 311: 308: 306: 305: 300: 292: 289: 286: 281: 276: 272: 268: 265: 261: 257: 251: 248: 245: 241: 238: 235: 231: 228: 224: 219: 209: 205: 199: 195: 191: 189: 188: 183: 179: 175: 172: 167: 162: 136: 133: 132: 130: 129: 127: 126: 125: 122: 121: 120: 117: 116: 115: 112: 111: 110: 107: 106: 105: 102: 101: 100: 97: 96: 95: 92: 91: 90: 87: 86: 84: 80: 76: 70: 66: 60: 56: 52: 49: 46: 42: 39: 36: 32: 29: 25: 20: 2379: 1869: 1418:Suba-Simbiti 1075: 1053: 1044: 1035: 1029: 997: 965: 883: 790:prenasalized 612:Prenasalized 422: 401: 380: 376: 368: 364: 357:Mbugu people 354: 345: 344: 319:Guthrie code 309: 302: 290: 226: 204:Guthrie code 185: 134: 27: 2188:South Kongo 128:Pare-Taveta 99:Benueā€“Congo 94:Volta-Congo 83:Nigerā€“Congo 2446:Categories 2224:East Kongo 1947:Mushungulu 999:Ethnologue 978:References 419:Consonants 2391:varieties 2382:indicate 695:voiceless 689:Fricative 619:voiceless 571:implosive 521:voiceless 414:Phonology 361:registers 304:Glottolog 285:ISO 639-3 187:Glottolog 171:ISO 639-3 54:Ethnicity 2363:Hunganna 2328:Mbangala 2269:Kimbundu 1858:Shambala 1742:Nyamwezi 1402:Nguruimi 1153:Nyankore 815:Sonorant 441:Alveolar 393:Shambala 385:Cushitic 375:, while 267:Cushitic 237:Tanzania 194:mbug1240 38:Tanzania 2380:Italics 2236:Hangala 2012:Ngazija 2000:Tumbatu 1929:Vidunda 1777:Nilamba 1619:Gyriama 1466:Simbiti 1400:[JE401 1366:Logooli 1343:Marachi 1335:[JE341 1252:[JE221 1236:Dzindza 1187:[JE101 1112:Narrow 614:plosive 515:Plosive 468:lateral 463:central 456:Glottal 446:Palatal 369:kiMbugu 104:Bantoid 28:Kimbugu 2340:Soonde 2338:[H321 2275:Mbamba 2252:Suundi 2246:Doondo 2234:[H111 2212:Bwende 2176:Ndingi 2158:Beembe 2143:Zone H 2130:Magoma 2128:[G651 2106:Pangwa 2071:Ndamba 2065:Pogolo 2048:Mwiini 2022:[G402 2018:Njuani 2006:Hadimu 1994:Phemba 1988:Unguja 1939:[G301 1935:Sagala 1911:Ruguru 1899:Zaramo 1893:Ngwele 1887:Zigula 1868:[G221 1864:Bondei 1846:Tubeta 1829:Kaguru 1808:Zone G 1795:Mbugwe 1748:Sumbwa 1736:Sukuma 1713:Tongwe 1698:Zone F 1679:Degere 1673:Segeju 1667:Elwana 1665:[E701 1661:Sagala 1655:Dabida 1637:Duruma 1613:Pokomo 1535:[E531 1519:Saraka 1501:Kikuyu 1482:JE434 1476:JE433 1470:JE432 1464:JE431 1460:Tiriki 1458:JE413 1452:JE412 1446:JE411 1440:JE407 1434:JE406 1428:JE405 1424:Shashi 1422:JE404 1412:JE403 1406:JE402 1384:Zanaki 1347:JE343 1341:JE342 1325:Saamia 1313:Tsotso 1301:Bukusu 1270:JE253 1264:JE252 1258:JE251 1242:Kerebe 1224:Nyambo 1205:JE121 1199:JE103 1193:JE102 1126:Zone E 880:Vowels 752:voiced 654:voiced 436:Labial 381:kiMaŹ¼a 243:Region 227:KimaŹ¼a 131:Pareic 57:32,000 44:Region 2357:Mbala 2334:Sinji 2322:Hungu 2320:H33 2293:Songo 2273:H21b 2267:H21a 2250:H131 2242:Kamba 2240:H112 2228:H16h 2222:H16g 2218:Laadi 2216:H16f 2210:H16e 2206:Fiote 2204:H16d 2200:Yombe 2198:H16c 2192:H16b 2186:H16a 2182:Mboka 2170:Kunyi 2118:Wanji 2112:Kinga 2088:Sango 2046:G412 2040:G411 2034:G404 2030:Mwani 2028:G403 2024:Makwe 2016:G44b 2010:G44a 2004:G43c 1998:G43b 1992:G43a 1986:G42d 1982:Mrima 1980:G42c 1976:Mvita 1974:G42b 1968:G42a 1964:Tikuu 1945:G311 1905:Ngulu 1870:Mbugu 1789:Langi 1760:Bungu 1754:Kimbu 1719:Bende 1685:Taita 1677:E732 1671:E731 1659:E74b 1653:E74a 1643:Rabai 1641:E72e 1635:E72d 1631:Conyi 1629:E72c 1625:Kauma 1623:E72b 1617:E72a 1596:Gweno 1578:Rombo 1576:E62c 1572:Wunjo 1570:E62b 1564:E62a 1541:E541 1531:Daiso 1525:Kamba 1484:Sweta 1478:Surwa 1472:Hacha 1454:Isuxa 1448:Idaxo 1436:Singa 1430:Kabwa 1408:Ikizu 1396:Sonjo 1378:Koria 1372:Gusii 1349:Songa 1337:Xaayo 1331:Nyuli 1319:Nyore 1311:E32b 1307:Hanga 1305:E32a 1299:E31c 1293:E31b 1287:E31a 1260:Kwaya 1254:Rashi 1189:Gungu 1183:Nyala 1177:Gwere 1165:Ganda 1147:Tooro 1141:Nyoro 1061:, ms. 994:Mbugu 893:Front 475:Nasal 451:Velar 389:Bantu 365:Mbugu 348:is a 338:Mbugu 326:G.20A 264:mixed 211:G.221 135:Mbugu 114:Bantu 22:Mbugu 2398:The 2361:H42 2355:H41 2332:H35 2326:H34 2316:Suku 2314:H32 2310:Yaka 2308:H31 2291:H24 2287:Bolo 2285:H23 2281:Sama 2279:H22 2180:H15 2174:H14 2168:H13 2164:Vili 2162:H12 2156:H11 2124:Kisi 2122:G67 2116:G66 2110:G65 2104:G64 2100:Bena 2098:G63 2094:Hehe 2092:G62 2086:G61 2069:G52 2063:G51 2036:Sidi 1962:G41 1933:G39 1927:G38 1923:Kutu 1921:G37 1917:Kami 1915:G36 1909:G35 1903:G34 1897:G33 1891:G32 1885:G31 1862:G24 1856:G23 1850:G22 1844:G21 1827:G12 1823:Gogo 1821:G11 1793:F34 1787:F33 1783:Remi 1781:F32 1775:F31 1758:F25 1752:F24 1746:F23 1740:F22 1734:F21 1717:F12 1711:F11 1683:E74 1649:Digo 1647:E73 1611:E71 1594:E65 1590:Kahe 1588:E64 1584:Rusa 1582:E63 1558:E61 1543:Cuka 1529:E56 1523:E55 1517:E54 1513:Meru 1511:E53 1507:Embu 1505:E52 1499:E51 1442:Ware 1414:Suba 1394:E46 1390:Nata 1388:E45 1382:E44 1376:E43 1370:E42 1364:E41 1329:E35 1323:E34 1317:E33 1295:Kisu 1289:Gisu 1272:Ruri 1266:Kara 1248:Jita 1246:E25 1240:E24 1234:E23 1230:Ziba 1228:E22 1222:E21 1207:Hema 1201:Ruli 1181:E18 1175:E17 1171:Soga 1169:E16 1163:E15 1159:Ciga 1157:E14 1151:E13 1145:E12 1139:E11 962:Tone 905:High 898:Back 377:MaŹ¼a 373:Pare 355:The 346:MaŹ¼a 310:None 291:None 271:Pare 221:MaŹ¼a 2349:H40 2302:H30 2261:H20 2150:H10 2080:G60 2057:G50 1970:Amu 1956:G40 1941:Doe 1879:G30 1852:Asu 1838:G20 1815:G10 1769:F30 1728:F20 1705:F10 1605:E70 1566:Hai 1560:Rwo 1552:E60 1493:E50 1358:E40 1281:E30 1216:E20 1133:E10 996:at 947:Low 926:Mid 803:įµ‘ĢŠx 642:įµ‘ĢŠk 632:āæĢ„t 624:įµĢ„p 333:ELP 295:mis 178:mhd 2448:: 1014:^ 986:^ 974:. 861:^ 677:įµ‘É” 667:āæd 659:įµb 399:. 85:? 2386:. 2244:- 1416:/ 1120:) 1105:e 1098:t 1091:v 953:a 939:o 932:e 918:u 911:i 847:w 837:j 830:l 823:r 777:É£ 766:z 759:v 743:h 736:x 726:Ƨ 716:ɬ 709:s 702:f 602:g 592:ɟ 585:d 578:b 559:Ź” 552:k 542:c 535:t 528:p 505:ŋ 495:ɲ 488:n 481:m 297:) 293:( 269:ā€“

Index

Tanzania
Usambara Mountains
Language family
Nigerā€“Congo
Atlanticā€“Congo
Volta-Congo
Benueā€“Congo
Bantoid
Southern Bantoid
Bantu
Northeast Bantu
Northeast Coast Bantu
ISO 639-3
mhd
Glottolog
mbug1240
Guthrie code
Tanzania
Usambara Mountains
Language family
mixed
Cushitic
Pare
ISO 639-3
Glottolog
Guthrie code
ELP
Mbugu
Bantu language
Mbugu people

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