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brought back almost 100 books and manuals. These he read before writing his report, which concluded with his proposed manual for
American cavalry adapted from existing Russian cavalry regulations. He also proposed a cavalry saddle that he claimed was a modification of a Hungarian model used in the Prussian service. The saddle was almost certainly a modification of the Spanish tree saddle in common use in Mexico during this period, and which had become common in some parts of the US.
230:. The design underwent modifications over time, although in many ways it remained remarkably unchanged. The saddle was simple and less expensive than existing saddles, light enough not to burden the horse, but sturdy enough to give good support to the rider and his gear. It supported a rawhide-covered open seat, a thick leather skirt, wooden stirrups, and a girth strap of woolen yarn. Added accessories to the saddle sometimes included a
197:. But when Southerners' horses grew thin because of inadequate food supply, the Jenifer saddle became painful to the bony withers of the horses. In 1863, the Confederate army issued the lighter and better-contoured McClellan saddle to its cavalry. Because leather was scarce in the South during the Civil War, many of the McClellan saddles had skirts of painted canvas. The Confederate Army also used some British saddles as well.
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152:, after his tour of Europe as the member of a military commission charged with studying the latest developments in engineer and cavalry forces including field equipment. Based on his observations, McClellan proposed a design that was adopted by the Army in 1859. The McClellan saddle was a success and continued in use in various forms until the US Army's last horse
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The McClellan saddle was adopted by the US War
Department in 1859 and remained standard issue, in various models, for the remaining history of the horse cavalry. The original M1859 version was the form used during the Civil War, and the design saw subsequent modifications. The saddle always remained
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The saddle did see some modification over time. Perhaps the most significant alterations occurred in the 20th century, when the rigging was changed twice. The first time, an adjustable rigging was adopted, leading to the M1904 McClellan. That pattern is the most common of all McClellan saddles, and
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The saddle, while passing the test of time, has not been without its rivals or critics. The first significant challenger was the
Whitman saddle, named after a former US Army officer who designed it. The Whitman had many of the McClellan's features and is often mistaken for the McClellan. While not
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sailed to Europe as part of a military commission to study developments in
European tactics, weaponry, and logistics. McClellan's focus was the organization of engineer troops and cavalry. After the one-year tour, during which time McClellan observed several battles of the Crimean War, McClellan
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The saddle also saw considerable civilian use, and was made for civilian sale by a variety of manufacturers. It was widely used in the United States by mounted policemen. It was adopted by Mexico, in a
Mexican-made version, for their army. At least some were sold to the Dominion forces in the
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for horse feed, a curry comb to groom the horse, a picket pin and lariat to tether the horse while grazing, saddlebags, and a "thimble" that held the muzzle of the cavalryman's carbine. The McClellan saddle was placed on top of a saddlecloth, shabrack, or saddle blanket.
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However, increased emphasis on equitation in the US Army also lead to the M1928, which was an M1904 with
English rigging and fenders. This variant, the final one in US service, fit closer than other McClellan saddles, and is still used by the US Army in ceremonial uses.
226:. While McClellan did go overseas and observe the Crimean War for the US, the saddle does not closely duplicate any pattern in use by the armies in that conflict, but is very close to the widely used Spanish tree saddle, which was originally a saddle in common use in
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While the McClellan saddle was not perfect and had critics, it was one of the most enduring military saddles of all time, rivaled only by the
British Universal Pattern saddle in its longevity. The saddle was used by every branch of the
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supplanting it, it was approved for use by officers and remained an approved officers' saddle throughout World War I. In later years, it incorporated so many McClellan features that it became known as the "Whitman-McClellan."
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The design was based on the
Spanish tree saddles in wide use in the United States at the time, and which had seen US Army use, although McClellan claimed that it was based on Hussar saddles he had observed in use in the
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Enormous quantities of M1904 McClellans were purchased by the US Army in World War I, effectively preventing any new saddle from being adopted for general use for decades. The US Army did approve a saddle of the
160:. Today, the McClellan saddle is used by ceremonial mounted units in the US Army. The saddle was used by several other nations, including Rhodesia and Mexico, and to a degree by the British in the
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As noted above, the McClellan saddle served, and has continued to serve, for an extraordinarily long time in the U.S. Army. The saddle has been in uninterrupted use since 1859.
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In the 20th century, a serious effort was made to replace the McClellan through tests of the US Army's M1912 equipments. The M1912 saddle proved to be unsuccessful in the
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During the
American Civil War, many Confederate cavalrymen provided their own horses and civilian saddles. In time, the Confederacy issued the
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recognizable as McClellan's design, which included cavalry and artillery models. In addition, a model for packers was introduced as the M1913.
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type prior to World War I for officers, and after the war approved another, with the adoption of the Philip's saddle for officers.
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M1859 McClellan saddle of the Civil War period, displaying its rawhide seat covering. Fort Kearny State Park and Museum, Nebraska
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at one time. It is made for use as a pleasure saddle for those few who like it for that purpose, and as a saddle for
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M1904 McClellan saddle in russet-brown leather, World War I period. Fort Kearny State Museum
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McClellan saddle in black leather, post-Civil War period. Fort Kearny State Museum
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saddle. Subsequently, the Army tested the M1917 saddle, but it was not adopted.
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1330:Civil War military equipment of the United States
172:In April 1855, six years before the start of the
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120:Learn how and when to remove this message
384:"How to Properly Fit a McClellan Saddle"
364:. Smithsonian Museum of American History
1325:Military equipment of the United States
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189:Confederate variants in the Civil War
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58:adding citations to reliable sources
943:Tack accessories and training tools
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1303:Category:Horse tack and equipment
239:Service and rivals in the US Army
1131:Historic or ceremonial equipment
217:Influences on McClellan's design
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697:Component parts and accessories
409:National Park Service biography
45:needs additional citations for
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414:Society of the Military Horse
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1005:Draw reins and running reins
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315:Legacy and continued use
494:Australian stock saddle
27:US Calvary saddle style
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386:. Gilmore Horsemanship
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168:Origin and development
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148:that was designed by
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714:Mechanical hackamore
54:improve this article
888:Horse-drawn vehicle
268:Punitive Expedition
178:George B. McClellan
150:George B. McClellan
362:"McClellan Saddle"
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388:. Retrieved
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253:World War II
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158:World War II
144:is a riding
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1230:Occupations
1171:Hipposandal
1094:Picket line
985:Bitting rig
911:Sled/sleigh
848:Horse brass
841:Shadow roll
836:Lines/reins
729:Mecate rein
643:Snaffle bit
530:Breastplate
509:Pack saddle
390:27 February
368:27 February
249:World War I
224:Crimean War
1319:Categories
1082:Restraints
995:Side reins
953:Martingale
759:Tongue-tie
734:Curb chain
663:Pelham bit
597:Headstalls
586:hackamores
504:Sidesaddle
343:References
295:, and the
176:, Captain
80:newspapers
1207:Hoof boot
1202:Horseshoe
1166:Caparison
1109:Rein hook
1041:equipment
980:Surcingle
868:Surcingle
816:Breeching
791:carriages
754:Lip strap
749:Bit guard
688:Bit shank
668:Spade bit
614:Hackamore
550:Saddlebag
174:Civil War
1250:Strapper
1212:Caulkins
1190:Farriery
1161:Shabrack
1156:Frentera
1068:Fly mask
896:Carriage
683:Bit ring
673:Ring bit
638:Curb bit
540:Tapadero
305:Rhodesia
293:Boer War
232:nose bag
162:Boer War
1335:Saddles
1245:Hostler
1141:Barding
1000:Chambon
858:Crupper
764:Sallong
648:Gag bit
582:bridles
555:Pannier
535:Stirrup
476:Saddles
463:Saddles
322:US Army
154:cavalry
94:scholar
1099:Twitch
1089:Hobble
1048:Halter
1039:Stable
873:Terret
821:Bridle
739:Fiador
604:Bridle
301:Canada
228:Mexico
146:saddle
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1240:Groom
1010:Gogue
968:Quirt
921:Wagon
916:Sulky
906:Coach
878:Trace
724:Romal
719:Reins
709:Bosal
525:Girth
101:JSTOR
87:books
1053:Lead
975:Spur
963:Crop
958:Whip
901:Cart
789:and
629:Bits
584:and
578:Bits
392:2017
370:2017
251:and
140:The
73:news
299:in
56:by
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