724:
where public aid or assistance to religion is concerned, ... or where the free exercise of religion is at issue, ... but it necessarily applies in a more limited sense to public acknowledgment of the
Creator. If religion in the public forum had to be entirely nondenominational, there could be no religion in the public forum at all. One cannot say the word "God," or "the Almighty," one cannot offer public supplication or thanksgiving, without contradicting the beliefs of some people that there are many gods, or that God or the gods pay no attention to human affairs. With respect to public acknowledgment of religious belief, it is entirely clear from our Nation's historical practices that the Establishment Clause permits this disregard of polytheists and believers in unconcerned deities, just as it permits the disregard of devout atheists. The three most popular religions in the United States, Christianity, Judaism, and Islam–which combined account for 97.7% of all believers–are monotheistic . . .. All of them, moreover (Islam included), believe that the Ten Commandments were given by God to Moses, and are divine prescriptions for a virtuous life . . .. Publicly honoring the Ten Commandments is thus indistinguishable, insofar as discriminating against other religions is concerned, from publicly honoring God. Both practices are recognized across such a broad and diverse range of the population–from Christians to Muslims–that they cannot be reasonably understood as a government endorsement of a particular religious viewpoint.
710:
There is no list of approved and disapproved beliefs appended to the First
Amendment–and the Amendment's broad terms ("free exercise," "establishment," "religion") do not admit of such a cramped reading. It is true that the Framers lived at a time when our national religious diversity was neither as robust nor as well recognized as it is now. They may not have foreseen the variety of religions for which this Nation would eventually provide a home. They surely could not have predicted new religions, some of them born in this country. But they did know that line-drawing between religions is an enterprise that, once begun, has no logical stopping point. They worried that "the same authority which can establish Christianity, in exclusion of all other Religions, may establish with the same ease any particular sect of Christians, in exclusion of all other Sects." Memorial 186. The Religion Clauses, as a result, protect adherents of all religions, as well as those who believe in no religion at all.
144:
698:
35:
535:", quoted them at greater length, and explained that they have profoundly influenced the formation of Western legal thought and the American nation. In addition to the Commandments, the counties added historical documents containing religious references as their sole common element. The additional documents included framed copies of the
644:'s "purpose prong" was rarely dispositive. Nonetheless, it emphasized that that prong "serves an important function." Indeed, anytime the government "acts with the ostensible and predominant purpose of advancing religion," or "to favor one religion over another," that advancement violates the Establishment Clause.
517:(ACLU) sued. In response to the suit, and before the district court responded, both counties adopted similar resolutions that clarified the purposes of the displays as acknowledging "the precedent legal code upon which the civil and criminal codes of ... Kentucky are founded." The district court, following the
592:, displaying the Commandments bespeaks a religious object unless the display is integrated with other material so as to carry "a secular message." The Sixth Circuit saw no integration because of a lack of a demonstrated analytical or historical connection between the Commandments and the other documents.
723:
Besides appealing to the demonstrably false principle that the government cannot favor religion over irreligion, today's opinion suggests that the posting of the Ten
Commandments violates the principle that the government cannot favor one religion over another . . .. That is indeed a valid principle
655:
As to a second issue, whether the Court should consider the evolutionary purpose or the most recent purpose, the Court held that it should consider the evolutionary purpose of the display. "But the world is not made brand new every morning, and the
Counties are simply asking us to ignore perfectly
709:
It is true that many
Americans find the Commandments in accord with their personal beliefs. But we do not count heads before enforcing the First Amendment . . .. Nor can we accept the theory that Americans who do not accept the Commandments' validity are outside the First Amendment's protections.
741:
had failed to follow the majority's comment allowing government to reform the reasoning of a display to render it constitutional. The plaintiffs argued in their appeal that local government has given a firm secular reasoning for the display as the commemoration of historical documents and have
651:
test and, necessarily, the inquiry into governmental purpose, the Court refused to do so. The Court noted that, in several areas of the law, an inquiry into the government's purpose is an important endeavor. The Court also stated that it was confident in the inquiry into purpose, because such
566:
On the ACLU's motion, the district court included this third display in the preliminary injunction despite the counties' professed intent to show that the
Commandments were part of the foundation of American Law and Government and to educate county citizens as to the documents. The court took
2593:
2025:
310:
in three ways: The first way was that they were displaying the Ten
Commandments in isolation; the second for showing the Commandments along with other religious passages; the third for presenting the Commandments in a presentation of the "Foundations of American Law"
530:
After changing counsel, the counties revised the exhibits again. The new posting, entitled "The
Foundations of American Law and Government Display", consisted of nine framed documents of equal size. One set out the Commandments explicitly identified as the
438:
on March 2, 2005. At issue was whether the Court should continue to inquire into the purpose behind a religious display and whether evaluation of the government's claim of secular purpose for the religious displays may take evolution into account under an
2068:
1678:
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The Sixth
Circuit Court did not discern any essential change from a religious to a secular motive for the plaintiffs' wish to display the Ten Commandments; and in February 2011, the Supreme Court without comment declined to review the case.
4883:
636:
that the
Commandments are "undeniably a sacred text in the Jewish and Christian faiths" and that their display in public classrooms "violated the First Amendment's bar against establishment of religion." Next, the Court noted that the
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Those who would renegotiate the boundaries between church and state must therefore answer a difficult question: Why would we trade a system that has served us so well for one that has served others so poorly?
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probative evidence; they want an absentminded objective observer, not one presumed to be familiar with the history of the government's actions and competent to learn what history has to show."
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After three Kentucky counties posted large and readily visible copies of the Ten Commandments in their courthouses, and a school district in a third county posted a similar display, the
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Justice Scalia wrote a dissenting opinion, in which he argued that public acknowledgement of the God of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam is permissible under the First Amendment:
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renounced the religious motivation for the display, which was the court's reasoning for its prohibition. On the other hand, the plaintiffs also argued for an overthrow of the
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at the dedication of one of the displays, the modified displays contained "theistic and Christian references," and there was a "religious purpose" in the final modification.
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McCreary County, Kentucky, et al., v. American Civil Liberties Union of Kentucky, this case was initially started by Paul Lee Sr. Of Pulaski County Kentucky, et al.
2001:
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The Supreme Court ruled on June 27, 2005, in a 5–4 decision, that the display was unconstitutional. The same day, the Court handed down another 5–4 decision in
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In November 2010, counties in Kentucky filed a new appeal to the Supreme Court, requesting the allowance of the display once again. The case was again titled
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2903210 (E.D. Ky. Sept. 28, 2007); judgment amended and permanent injunction granted, unreported (E.D. Ky. 2008); affirmed, 607
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617:
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56:
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737:. The plaintiffs did not necessarily seek to "overrule" the decision in the original case. Instead, they claimed that the
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against the newly modified exhibits, finding that there was no secular purpose behind the inherently religious displays.
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665:, upheld the lower courts' rulings, noting that a pastor was present to testify to the certainty of the existence of
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459:
5285:
488:, which has been applied to religious displays on government property and to other Establishment Clause issues.
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and found that the counties' asserted educational goals crumbled upon an examination of this case's history.
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inquiries had not yielded a finding of "a religious purpose dominant every time a case is filed."
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in support of the county, and David A. Friedman, then the general counsel of the Kentucky
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Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church & State
2060:
1875:
1679:
Valley Forge Christian College v. Americans United for Separation of Church & State
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1267:
834:
661:
502:
378:
346:
176:
17:
697:
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Justice O'Connor expressed her own views of the controversy in a concurring opinion:
632:
wrote the opinion of the Court. First, the Court reiterated its previous holding in
602:
601:, which was granted on October 12, 2004. Oral arguments were heard on March 2, 2005.
471:
7155:
6608:
5823:
5604:
5413:
5270:
Ibanez v. Florida Dept. of Business and Professional Regulation, Bd. of Accountancy
5117:
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4458:
3774:
2423:
2367:
629:
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560:
358:
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courthouse—were unconstitutional. The appeal from that decision, argued by
202:
1276:
746:, which indeed in that respect would have "overruled" the prior decision.
2762:
242:
231:
5190:
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Public Utilities Comm'n of California
4123:
Pacific Gas & Electric Co. v. Public Utilities Comm'n of California
572:
303:
270:
7262:
5238:
Peel v. Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Commission of Illinois
2654:
Little Sisters of the Poor Saints Peter and Paul Home v. Pennsylvania
5150:
Central Hudson Gas & Electric Corp. v. Public Service Commission
6924:
6812:
Eastern Railroad Presidents Conference v. Noerr Motor Freight, Inc.
6668:
Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston
4131:
Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston
7272:
7052:
5206:
San Francisco Arts & Athletics, Inc. v. U.S. Olympic Committee
696:
5182:
Zauderer v. Off. of Disciplinary Counsel of Supreme Court of Ohio
5086:
Virginia State Pharmacy Bd. v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council
4026:
Perry Education Association v. Perry Local Educators' Association
3369:
American Booksellers Foundation for Free Expression v. Strickland
5326:
Los Angeles Police Department v. United Reporting Publishing Co.
4993:
Heffron v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc.
2392:
Heffron v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc.
274:
235:
6928:
6781:
6509:
6418:
5972:
4256:
Board of Regents of the Univ. of Wisconsin System v. Southworth
4139:
Rumsfeld v. Forum for Academic & Institutional Rights, Inc.
2725:
2233:
1343:
1304:
411:
Scalia, joined by Rehnquist, Thomas; Kennedy (Parts II and III)
143:
5374:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4884:
U.S. Civil Service Comm'n v. National Ass'n of Letter Carriers
4812:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4796:
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn.
4649:
Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn. v. Brentwood Academy
4641:
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Assn.
1591:
Levitt v. Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty
1188:"Supreme Court refuses appeal about Ten Commandments displays"
666:
302:
bespeaks a religious object unless they are integrated with a
28:
5318:
Greater New Orleans Broadcasting Assn., Inc. v. United States
2344:
Gallagher v. Crown Kosher Super Market of Massachusetts, Inc.
1671:
Committee for Public Education and Religious Liberty v. Regan
997:
McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union of Kentucky
948:
McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union of Kentucky
926:
McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union of Kentucky
431:
McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union of Kentucky
6759:
Washington State Grange v. Washington State Republican Party
5054:
Pittsburgh Press Co. v. Pittsburgh Comm'n on Human Relations
4042:
International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc. v. Lee
3716:
City of Austin v. Reagan National Advertising of Austin, LLC
6892:
BE and K Construction Co. v. National Labor Relations Board
5390:
Jerman v. Carlisle, McNellie, Rini, Kramer & Ulrich LPA
5198:
Posadas de Puerto Rico Assoc. v. Tourism Co. of Puerto Rico
2042:
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Juan v. Acevedo Feliciano
6345:
Denver Area Ed. Telecommunications Consortium, Inc. v. FCC
5629:
Arizona Free Enterprise Club's Freedom Club PAC v. Bennett
4147:
National Institute of Family and Life Advocates v. Becerra
2630:
Gonzales v. O Centro EspĂrita Beneficente UniĂŁo do Vegetal
2203:
Board of Ed. of Kiryas Joel Village School Dist. v. Grumet
1727:
Board of Ed. of Kiryas Joel Village School Dist. v. Grumet
1711:
Witters v. Washington Department of Services for the Blind
7331:
United States Supreme Court cases of the Rehnquist Court
7002:
Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain
2488:
Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission
1919:
Lamb's Chapel v. Center Moriches Union Free School Dist.
7032:
Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour
6230:
Greenbelt Cooperative Publishing Ass'n, Inc. v. Bresler
245:
2003); rehearing denied, 361 F.3d 928 (6th Cir. 2004);
6262:
Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. v. Greenmoss Builders, Inc.
5382:
Milavetz, Gallop & Milavetz, P.A. v. United States
5174:
Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc.
5001:
Hoffman Estates v. The Flipside, Hoffman Estates, Inc.
647:
Although the counties asked the Court to overrule the
567:
proclaiming the Commandments' foundational value as a
5549:
FEC v. Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee
5533:
Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee v. FEC
5430:
Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants
3708:
Barr v. American Association of Political Consultants
1927:
Capitol Square Review & Advisory Board v. Pinette
1391:
County of Allegheny v. American Civil Liberties Union
760:
List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 545
395:
Souter, joined by Stevens, O'Connor, Ginsburg, Breyer
6852:
California Motor Transport Co. v. Trucking Unlimited
6254:
Bose Corp. v. Consumers Union of United States, Inc.
4050:
Arkansas Educational Television Commission v. Forbes
2842:
Communist Party v. Subversive Activities Control Bd.
2448:
Frazee v. Illinois Department of Employment Security
452:
United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit
434:, 545 U.S. 844 (2005), was a case argued before the
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6099:
5985:
5901:
5874:
5797:
5746:
5679:
5448:
5027:
4902:
4854:
4724:
Mt. Healthy City School Dist. Board of Ed. v. Doyle
4683:
4554:
4501:
4430:
4420:
USAID v. Alliance for Open Society International II
4380:
Regan v. Taxation with Representation of Washington
4369:
4338:
4173:
4072:
3999:
3962:
3771:
3726:
3641:
3538:
3497:
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2892:
2756:
2745:
2672:
2619:
2612:
2575:
2530:
2138:
2095:
2052:
1969:
1910:
1793:
1559:
Board of Ed. of Central School Dist. No. 1 v. Allen
1526:
1449:
1356:
765:
Separation of church and state in the United States
415:
407:
399:
391:
386:
315:
292:
261:
219:
214:
182:
172:
162:
155:
136:
68:"McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union"
59:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4780:United States v. National Treasury Employees Union
4573:West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette
4451:Walker v. Texas Div., Sons of Confederate Veterans
4412:USAID v. Alliance for Open Society International I
3313:United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, Inc.
2472:Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah
2112:Two Guys from Harrison-Allentown, Inc. v. McGinley
1127:"Ten Commandments issue — again : SCOTUSblog"
6884:Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation
6751:New York State Board of Elections v. Lopez Torres
5712:Brown v. Socialist Workers '74 Campaign Committee
5485:Citizens Against Rent Control v. City of Berkeley
3936:Schenck v. Pro-Choice Network of Western New York
3684:Simon & Schuster, Inc. v. Crime Victims Board
1407:McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union
1166:McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union
1149:American Civil Liberties Union v. McCreary County
896:American Civil Liberties Union v. McCreary County
878:American Civil Liberties Union v. McCreary County
824:McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union
4581:Tinker v. Des Moines Ind. Community School Dist.
4355:Minnesota Board for Community Colleges v. Knight
3520:Board of Airport Commissioners v. Jews for Jesus
2026:Serbian Eastern Orthodox Diocese v. Milivojevich
1439:American Legion v. American Humanist Association
848:American Civil Liberties Union v. Pulaski County
6531:Joint Anti-Fascist Refugee Committee v. McGrath
6286:Harte-Hanks Communications, Inc. v. Connaughton
5637:American Tradition Partnership, Inc. v. Bullock
5310:Glickman v. Wileman Brothers & Elliot, Inc.
5094:Linmark Assoc., Inc. v. Township of Willingboro
4248:Glickman v. Wileman Brothers & Elliot, Inc.
2602:Our Lady of Guadalupe School v. Morrissey-Berru
1986:Gonzalez v. Roman Catholic Archbishop of Manila
677:
6997:Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image
5864:National Rifle Association of America v. Vullo
4913:Mutual Film Corp. v. Industrial Comm'n of Ohio
1116:, 545 U.S. at 893-94 (Scalia, J., dissenting).
795:Green v. Haskell County Board of Commissioners
659:The Court, reviewing the lower court's ruling
6940:
4320:Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association
1719:Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School District
1316:
1104:, 545 U.S. at 884 (O'Connor, J., concurring).
1092:, 545 U.S. at 882 (O'Connor, J., concurring).
588:affirmed the decision, stressing that, under
478:, urged reformulation or abandonment of the "
8:
6571:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
6487:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
6169:Minneapolis Star Tribune Co. v. Commissioner
5736:Americans for Prosperity Foundation v. Bonta
4740:Smith v. Arkansas State Hwy. Employees Local
4091:West Virginia State Board of Ed. v. Barnette
3896:Clark v. Community for Creative Non-Violence
3583:Clark v. Community for Creative Non-Violence
2456:Swaggart Ministries v. Board of Equalization
2195:Swaggart Ministries v. Board of Equalization
1631:Public Funds for Public Schools v. Marburger
6380:Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting Co.
5771:Manhattan Community Access Corp. v. Halleck
5278:Lebron v. National Railroad Passenger Corp.
4732:Givhan v. Western Line Consol. School Dist.
2496:Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn v. Cuomo
2085:Arizona Christian Sch. Tuition Org. v. Winn
1759:Arizona Christian Sch. Tuition Org. v. Winn
1647:Roemer v. Board of Public Works of Maryland
441:Establishment Clause of the First Amendment
308:Establishment Clause of the First Amendment
6947:
6933:
6925:
6778:
6519:
6506:
6428:
6415:
5982:
5969:
5102:Carey v. Population Services International
4788:Board of Comm'rs, Wabaunsee Cty. v. Umbehr
4625:Westside Community Board of Ed. v. Mergens
4475:Houston Community College System v. Wilson
4335:
3880:USPS v. Council of Greenburgh Civic Assns.
3768:
3321:City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books, Inc.
3281:American Booksellers Ass'n, Inc. v. Hudnut
3007:Nat'l Socialist Party v. Village of Skokie
2753:
2742:
2722:
2616:
2527:
2230:
1868:Westside Community Board of Ed. v. Mergens
1460:Walz v. Tax Comm'n of the City of New York
1383:Board of Trustees of Scarsdale v. McCreary
1353:
1340:
1323:
1309:
1301:
555:, the National Motto, the Preamble to the
133:
7361:American Civil Liberties Union litigation
7007:Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy
6860:Smith v. Arkansas State Highway Employees
6073:Landmark Communications, Inc. v. Virginia
5469:First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti
5350:Thompson v. Western States Medical Center
5142:Consol. Edison Co. v. Public Serv. Comm'n
4396:National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley
4296:Ysursa v. Pocatello Education Association
4224:Communications Workers of America v. Beck
3233:United States v. 12 200-ft. Reels of Film
3201:United States v. Thirty-seven Photographs
2557:Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue
2480:Watchtower Society v. Village of Stratton
1775:Espinoza v. Montana Department of Revenue
1607:Committee for Public Education v. Nyquist
119:Learn how and when to remove this message
7141:Catholic Total Abstinence Union Fountain
5918:Jones v. North Carolina Prisoners' Union
3097:United States v. One Book Called Ulysses
2077:Hein v. Freedom From Religion Foundation
1943:Good News Club v. Milford Central School
6992:Thou shalt have no other gods before me
6652:New York Club Ass'n v. City of New York
6353:Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. FCC
5621:Nevada Commission on Ethics v. Carrigan
5541:Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC
5493:FEC v. National Right to Work Committee
5406:Expressions Hair Design v. Schneiderman
5246:City of Cincinnati v. Discovery Network
4280:Davenport v. Washington Education Ass'n
4099:Miami Herald Publishing Co. v. Tornillo
3337:United States v. American Library Ass'n
3297:United States v. X-Citement Video, Inc.
3249:Southeastern Promotions, Ltd. v. Conrad
816:
454:held that the displays—in this case, a
6388:Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises
5557:Republican Party of Minnesota v. White
5525:Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce
5517:Eu v. S.F. Cty. Democratic Cent. Comm.
5509:FEC v. Massachusetts Citizens for Life
5262:United States v. Edge Broadcasting Co.
5017:Forsyth County v. Nationalist Movement
4617:Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
4565:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
4544:Communist Party of Indiana v. Whitcomb
4512:American Communications Ass'n v. Douds
4216:Chicago Local Teachers Union v. Hudson
4083:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
3393:Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Ass'n
3273:Vance v. Universal Amusement Co., Inc.
2272:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
1892:Elk Grove Unif. School Dist. v. Newdow
1295:Religion & Ethics Newsweekly (PBS)
466:and a Ten Commandments display at the
7133:Moses Breaking the Tablets of the Law
7125:Moses and his Ethiopian wife Zipporah
6727:Timmons v. Twin Cities Area New Party
6644:Rotary Int'l v. Rotary Club of Duarte
5477:California Medical Association v. FEC
5126:Ohralik v. Ohio State Bar Association
4764:Rutan v. Republican Party of Illinois
4034:Cornelius v. NAACP Legal Defense Fund
3928:Madsen v. Women's Health Center, Inc.
3265:Young v. American Mini Theatres, Inc.
2416:Bob Jones University v. United States
1476:Bob Jones University v. United States
306:message. The government violated the
131:2005 United States Supreme Court case
7:
7111:(Sistine Chapel, 1481-1482 painting)
6735:California Democratic Party v. Jones
6177:Arkansas Writers' Project v. Ragland
5597:FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc.
5581:Wisconsin Right to Life, Inc. v. FEC
5366:Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass'n
4673:Mahanoy Area School District v. B.L.
4601:Island Trees School District v. Pico
4272:Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass'n
3401:FCC v. Fox Television Stations, Inc.
1695:School Dist. of Grand Rapids v. Ball
1186:Richey, Warren (February 22, 2011).
595:The county petitioned for a writ of
57:adding citations to reliable sources
6684:Christian Legal Society v. Martinez
6049:New York Times Co. v. United States
5302:44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island
5230:State University of New York v. Fox
5214:Shapero v. Kentucky Bar Association
4200:Abood v. Detroit Board of Education
4115:Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins
4058:Minnesota Voters Alliance v. Mansky
3528:Minnesota Voters Alliance v. Mansky
2638:Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.
1828:Abington School District v. Schempp
1468:California v. Grace Brethren Church
1217:McCreary County v. ACLU of Kentucky
735:McCreary County v. ACLU of Kentucky
137:McCreary County v. ACLU of Kentucky
6302:Obsidian Finance Group, LLC v. Cox
5334:United States v. United Foods Inc.
4985:Mine Workers v. Illinois Bar Assn.
4347:Steele v. Louisville & N.R. Co
4264:United States v. United Foods Inc.
3479:Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project
2586:NLRB v. Catholic Bishop of Chicago
2128:Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, Inc.
2018:Presbyterian Church v. Hull Church
1484:Estate of Thornton v. Caldor, Inc.
971:"Faces of Liberty: David Friedman"
436:Supreme Court of the United States
209:5211; 18 Fla. L. Weekly Fed. S 532
149:Supreme Court of the United States
25:
7326:United States Supreme Court cases
6836:United Mine Workers v. Pennington
5720:McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Comm'n
5222:Riley v. Nat'l Fed'n of the Blind
5009:Riley v. Nat'l Fed'n of the Blind
4969:Railroad Trainmen v. Virginia Bar
4876:United Public Workers v. Mitchell
4844:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
4404:Legal Services Corp. v. Velazquez
4232:Keller v. State Bar of California
3872:Org. for a Better Austin v. Keefe
3745:Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc.
3446:Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition
3257:Erznoznik v. City of Jacksonville
2932:Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus
2520:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
2010:Kreshik v. St. Nicholas Cathedral
2002:Kedroff v. St. Nicholas Cathedral
1959:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1900:Kennedy v. Bremerton School Dist.
1884:Santa Fe Ind. School Dist. v. Doe
1492:Corp. of Presiding Bishop v. Amos
1227:844 (2005) is available from:
605:argued the cause for the county,
7012:Honour thy father and thy mother
6636:Roberts v. United States Jaycees
6321:Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC
5501:FEC v. National Conservative PAC
5294:Florida Bar v. Went For It, Inc.
4633:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
4609:Bethel School District v. Fraser
3981:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
3856:Carroll v. Town of Princess Anne
2549:Trinity Lutheran Church v. Comer
1935:Rosenberger v. Univ. of Virginia
1767:Trinity Lutheran Church v. Comer
497:with the opposite outcome. The "
142:
33:
6294:Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co.
5883:NAACP v. Claiborne Hardware Co.
5832:Lozman v. City of Riviera Beach
5342:Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. Reilly
5046:Rowan v. U.S. Post Office Dept.
4692:Pickering v. Board of Education
4520:Garner v. Board of Public Works
4240:Lehnert v. Ferris Faculty Ass'n
3409:Free Speech Coalition v. Paxton
3225:Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton
3137:MANual Enterprises, Inc. v. Day
2778:Masses Publishing Co. v. Patten
280:(6th Cir. 2010); cert. denied,
44:needs additional citations for
7351:2005 in United States case law
7022:Thou shalt not commit adultery
6908:Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri
6222:Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts
6214:New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
6145:Grosjean v. American Press Co.
6116:Cox Broadcasting Corp. v. Cohn
6065:Nebraska Press Ass'n v. Stuart
5070:Goldfarb v. Virginia State Bar
4945:Joseph Burstyn, Inc. v. Wilson
4820:Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri
4184:Ry. Emps. Department v. Hanson
2975:Terminiello v. City of Chicago
2908:New York Times Co. v. Sullivan
2613:Statutory religious exemptions
2512:Fulton v. City of Philadelphia
1804:McCollum v. Board of Education
1500:Texas Monthly, Inc. v. Bullock
1156:, 446 (6th Cir. 2010).
903:, 449 (6th Cir. 2003).
586:Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals
515:American Civil Liberties Union
448:American Civil Liberties Union
1:
7336:Establishment Clause case law
6711:Democratic Party v. Wisconsin
6676:Boy Scouts of America v. Dale
6628:Hishon v. King & Spalding
5653:Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar
5158:Metromedia, Inc. v. San Diego
5110:Bates v. State Bar of Arizona
4953:Kingsley Books, Inc. v. Brown
4836:Heffernan v. City of Paterson
4536:Keyishian v. Board of Regents
4443:Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
3660:Metromedia, Inc. v. San Diego
3487:Williams-Yulee v. Florida Bar
2171:Larkin v. Grendel's Den, Inc.
1663:New York v. Cathedral Academy
1543:Everson v. Board of Education
1535:Cochran v. Board of Education
1415:Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
1332:United States First Amendment
1285:Liberty Counsel press release
969:Duke, Amber (July 23, 2015).
803:Pleasant Grove City v. Summum
265:Permanent injunction denied,
6719:Tashjian v. Republican Party
6555:Bates v. City of Little Rock
6461:Protection from prosecution
6041:Lamont v. Postmaster General
5696:Bates v. City of Little Rock
3864:Coates v. City of Cincinnati
3761:Packingham v. North Carolina
3652:Lamont v. Postmaster General
2464:Employment Division v. Smith
501:" in both cases was Justice
6796:United States v. Cruikshank
6442:United States v. Cruikshank
6337:FCC v. WNCN Listeners Guild
6278:Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
6238:Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc.
4483:Shurtleff v. City of Boston
3912:Ward v. Rock Against Racism
3808:Martin v. City of Struthers
3623:City of Erie v. Pap's A. M.
3153:Quantity of Books v. Kansas
2967:Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire
2916:Hustler Magazine v. Falwell
2440:O'Lone v. Estate of Shabazz
1951:Shurtleff v. City of Boston
883:145 F. Supp. 2d 845
701:Justice Sandra Day O'Connor
541:Declaration of Independence
223:Judgment for plaintiff, 96
7382:
6329:FCC v. Pacifica Foundation
5669:FEC v. Ted Cruz for Senate
5398:Sorrell v. IMS Health Inc.
5286:Rubin v. Coors Brewing Co.
4155:303 Creative LLC v. Elenis
3692:R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul
3015:R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul
2991:Gregory v. City of Chicago
1431:Town of Greece v. Galloway
1277:Oyez (oral argument audio)
853:96 F. Supp. 2d 691
7366:Legal history of Kentucky
7341:McCreary County, Kentucky
6962:
6828:Edwards v. South Carolina
6790:
6777:
6518:
6505:
6427:
6414:
6185:Cohen v. Cowles Media Co.
6033:Hannegan v. Esquire, Inc.
6017:Lovell v. City of Griffin
5981:
5968:
3824:Edwards v. South Carolina
3377:United States v. Kilbride
3361:United States v. Williams
3161:Ginzburg v. United States
2741:
2721:
2248:Reynolds v. United States
2242:
2229:
1352:
1339:
1297:, includes video coverage
1192:Christian Science Monitor
885: (E.D. Ky. 2001).
855: (E.D. Ky. 2000).
446:In a suit brought by the
420:
320:
297:
141:
7119:(c. 1513–1515 sculpture)
7109:Descent from Mount Sinai
6539:Watkins v. United States
6124:Florida Star v. B. J. F.
5062:Lehman v. Shaker Heights
5038:Valentine v. Chrestensen
4665:Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski
4339:Compelled representation
4304:Knox v. SEIU, Local 1000
4010:Lehman v. Shaker Heights
3989:Uzuegbunam v. Preczewski
3607:United States v. Eichman
3559:United States v. O'Brien
3385:United States v. Stevens
3169:Memoirs v. Massachusetts
3129:Marcus v. Search Warrant
2924:United States v. Alvarez
2855:clear and present danger
2786:Schenck v. United States
2296:United States v. Ballard
1994:United States v. Ballard
1911:Private religious speech
1751:Zelman v. Simmons-Harris
1508:City of Boerne v. Flores
7127:(c. 1645-1650 painting)
6695:Primaries and elections
6246:Time, Inc. v. Firestone
6206:Beauharnais v. Illinois
5891:FTC v. Superior Ct. TLA
4929:Murdock v. Pennsylvania
4208:Ellis v. Railway Clerks
4163:Moody v. NetChoice, LLC
3753:City of Ladue v. Gilleo
3737:Schneider v. New Jersey
3700:Reed v. Town of Gilbert
3551:Stromberg v. California
3454:United States v. Hansen
3060:Elonis v. United States
2959:Cantwell v. Connecticut
2875:imminent lawless action
2834:Dennis v. United States
2802:Abrams v. United States
2771:Alien and Sedition Acts
2288:Murdock v. Pennsylvania
2264:Cantwell v. Connecticut
1970:Internal church affairs
620:, argued for the ACLU.
612:appeared on behalf the
18:McCreary County v. ACLU
6620:Membership restriction
6512:Freedom of association
6463:and state restrictions
6161:Houchins v. KQED, Inc.
5613:Citizens United v. FEC
4586:substantial disruption
3888:United States v. Grace
3784:Davis v. Massachusetts
3615:Barnes v. Glen Theatre
3089:Rosen v. United States
3068:Counterman v. Colorado
3044:Watts v. United States
2850:Yates v. United States
2400:Thomas v. Review Board
2328:Fowler v. Rhode Island
726:
712:
702:
682:
525:preliminary injunction
464:Whitley City, Kentucky
7197:Les Dix Commandements
6987:I am the Lord thy God
6372:Copyrighted materials
6001:Patterson v. Colorado
5910:Procunier v. Martinez
5763:Lloyd Corp. v. Tanner
4905:restriction of speech
4892:Broadrick v. Oklahoma
3105:Roth v. United States
2818:Whitney v. California
2794:Debs v. United States
2594:Hosanna-Tabor v. EEOC
2577:Ministerial exception
2531:Exclusion of religion
2432:Goldman v. Weinberger
1032:, 545 U.S. at 861-62.
1020:, 545 U.S. at 859-60.
867:, 545 U.S. at 855-56.
721:
707:
700:
557:Kentucky Constitution
234:2000); affirmed, 354
201:125 S. Ct. 2722; 162
158:Decided June 27, 2005
7268:In Catholic theology
7245:The Ten Commandments
7229:The Ten Commandments
7213:The Ten Commandments
7205:The Ten Commandments
7189:The Ten Commandments
7181:The Ten Commandments
7058:Biblical Mount Sinai
7037:Thou shalt not covet
7027:Thou shalt not steal
5975:Freedom of the press
5799:Official retaliation
5453:and political speech
4977:Freedman v. Maryland
4921:Cox v. New Hampshire
4804:Garcetti v. Ceballos
4192:Machinists v. Street
3816:Niemotko v. Maryland
3800:Thornhill v. Alabama
3676:Butterworth v. Smith
3575:Spence v. Washington
3217:Miller v. California
3185:Ginsberg v. New York
2533:from public benefits
2408:United States v. Lee
2312:Niemotko v. Maryland
2236:Free Exercise Clause
1860:Edwards v. Aguillard
1836:Epperson v. Arkansas
1583:Lemon v. Kurtzman II
1575:Tilton v. Richardson
1346:Establishment Clause
1154:607 F.3d 439
1002:545 U.S. 844
953:545 U.S. 844
931:543 U.S. 924
901:354 F.3d 438
624:Opinion of the court
549:Star Spangled Banner
547:, the lyrics of the
422:U.S. Const. amend. I
156:Argued March 2, 2005
53:improve this article
7305:Ethics in the Bible
7075:Ark of the Covenant
7017:Thou shalt not kill
6784:Freedom to petition
6450:Presser v. Illinois
6421:Freedom of assembly
6361:Bartnicki v. Vopper
5942:Overton v. Bazzetta
5856:Gonzalez v. Trevino
5358:Nike, Inc. v. Kasky
5078:Bigelow v. Virginia
4772:Waters v. Churchill
4756:Rankin v. McPherson
4700:Perry v. Sindermann
3952:McCullen v. Coakley
3848:Adderley v. Florida
3567:Cohen v. California
3422:to criminal conduct
3345:Ashcroft v. ACLU II
3121:Smith v. California
3113:One, Inc. v. Olesen
2999:Cohen v. California
2870:Brandenburg v. Ohio
2104:McGowan v. Maryland
1516:Cutter v. Wilkinson
1450:Statutory religious
739:Sixth Circuit Court
690:Sandra Day O'Connor
614:Bush administration
559:, and a picture of
482:test" set forth in
371:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
343:Sandra Day O'Connor
7288:Seven Laws of Noah
6743:Clingman v. Beaver
6660:Dallas v. Stanglin
6590:Baggett v. Bullitt
6471:De Jonge v. Oregon
6396:Eldred v. Ashcroft
6153:Branzburg v. Hayes
6108:Time, Inc. v. Hill
5840:Nieves v. Bartlett
5816:Reichle v. Howards
5787:Murthy v. Missouri
5661:Thompson v. Hebdon
5589:Randall v. Sorrell
5134:Friedman v. Rogers
4657:Morse v. Frederick
4528:Speiser v. Randall
3840:Brown v. Louisiana
3591:Dallas v. Stanglin
3430:New York v. Ferber
3329:Ashcroft v. ACLU I
3241:Jenkins v. Georgia
3193:Stanley v. Georgia
3177:Redrup v. New York
3145:Jacobellis v. Ohio
2983:Feiner v. New York
2810:Gitlow v. New York
2699:Ramirez v. Collier
2376:Wisconsin v. Yoder
2360:Sherbert v. Verner
2352:Torcaso v. Watkins
2336:Braunfeld v. Brown
2147:Torcaso v. Watkins
2120:Braunfeld v. Brown
1852:Wallace v. Jaffree
1735:Agostini v. Felton
1623:Wheeler v. Barrera
1399:Van Orden v. Perry
1290:ACLU press release
1129:. November 4, 2010
1080:, 545 U.S. at 881.
1068:, 545 U.S. at 869.
1056:, 545 U.S. at 866.
1044:, 545 U.S. at 863.
977:. ACLU of Kentucky
915:, 354 F.3d at 451.
787:Van Orden v. Perry
779:Glassroth v. Moore
729:Subsequent history
715:Dissenting opinion
703:
673:Concurring opinion
533:King James Version
494:Van Orden v. Perry
331:Associate Justices
7313:
7312:
7293:Great Commandment
7215:(2006 miniseries)
6922:
6921:
6918:
6917:
6868:McDonald v. Smith
6804:Thomas v. Collins
6773:
6772:
6769:
6768:
6703:Cousins v. Wigoda
6501:
6500:
6497:
6496:
6479:Thomas v. Collins
6410:
6409:
6406:
6405:
6270:McDonald v. Smith
6057:Pell v. Procunier
6009:Near v. Minnesota
5964:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5645:McCutcheon v. FEC
5422:Iancu v. Brunetti
5254:Edenfield v. Fane
5029:Commercial speech
4708:Arnett v. Kennedy
4467:Iancu v. Brunetti
4370:Government grants
4365:
4364:
4176:of others' speech
4174:Compelled subsidy
4107:Wooley v. Maynard
4068:
4067:
3973:Widmar v. Vincent
3920:Burson v. Freeman
3904:Frisby v. Schultz
3631:Virginia v. Black
3464:
3463:
3353:Nitke v. Gonzales
3289:People v. Freeman
3209:Kois v. Wisconsin
3052:Virginia v. Black
2728:Freedom of speech
2717:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2683:Sossamon v. Texas
2225:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2187:Bowen v. Kendrick
2179:Larson v. Valente
2053:Taxpayer standing
1812:Zorach v. Clauson
1743:Mitchell v. Helms
1703:Aguilar v. Felton
1639:Meek v. Pittenger
1567:Lemon v. Kurtzman
1375:Lynch v. Donnelly
1367:Marsh v. Chambers
607:Solicitor General
553:Mayflower Compact
520:Lemon v. Kurtzman
485:Lemon v. Kurtzman
450:of Kentucky, the
427:
426:
327:William Rehnquist
267:No. 6:99-cv-00507
129:
128:
121:
103:
16:(Redirected from
7373:
7356:2005 in religion
7346:Ten Commandments
7283:613 commandments
7159:(1968 sculptures
7151:(1962 sculpture)
6973:Ritual Decalogue
6965:Tablets of Stone
6956:Ten Commandments
6949:
6942:
6935:
6926:
6844:Cox v. Louisiana
6779:
6547:NAACP v. Alabama
6520:
6507:
6429:
6416:
5987:Prior restraints
5983:
5970:
5926:Turner v. Safley
5808:Hartman v. Moore
5755:Marsh v. Alabama
5704:Buckley v. Valeo
5688:NAACP v. Alabama
5680:Anonymous speech
5573:McConnell v. FEC
5461:Buckley v. Valeo
5450:Campaign finance
4937:Kunz v. New York
4748:Connick v. Myers
4684:Public employees
4388:Rust v. Sullivan
4336:
4074:Compelled speech
3944:Hill v. Colorado
3832:Cox v. Louisiana
3769:
3599:Texas v. Johnson
3023:Snyder v. Phelps
2754:
2743:
2736:
2723:
2662:Tanzin v. Tanvir
2646:Zubik v. Burwell
2617:
2528:
2504:Tandon v. Newsom
2384:McDaniel v. Paty
2320:Kunz v. New York
2280:Jamison v. Texas
2231:
2155:McDaniel v. Paty
1687:Mueller v. Allen
1655:Wolman v. Walter
1423:Salazar v. Buono
1354:
1341:
1325:
1318:
1311:
1302:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1266:
1263:
1257:
1254:
1248:
1245:
1239:
1236:
1230:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1183:
1177:
1176:1217 (2011).
1163:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1123:
1117:
1111:
1105:
1099:
1093:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1021:
1015:
1009:
999:
993:
987:
986:
984:
982:
966:
960:
950:
944:
938:
928:
922:
916:
910:
904:
898:
892:
886:
880:
874:
868:
862:
856:
850:
844:
838:
821:
798:(10th Cir. 2009)
782:(11th Cir. 2003)
693:
603:Mathew D. Staver
575:, purpose under
523:test, entered a
456:Ten Commandments
316:Court membership
300:Ten Commandments
288:1217 (2011).
146:
145:
134:
124:
117:
113:
110:
104:
102:
61:
37:
29:
21:
7381:
7380:
7376:
7375:
7374:
7372:
7371:
7370:
7316:
7315:
7314:
7309:
7251:
7168:
7135:(1659 painting)
7096:
7041:
6975:
6958:
6953:
6923:
6914:
6820:NAACP v. Button
6786:
6765:
6690:
6615:
6596:
6577:
6563:NAACP v. Button
6514:
6493:
6462:
6456:
6423:
6402:
6367:
6313:Broadcast media
6308:
6305:(9th Cir. 2014)
6191:
6136:
6130:
6095:
6089:Tory v. Cochran
6025:Tucker v. Texas
5989:
5977:
5956:
5897:
5870:
5848:Egbert v. Boule
5793:
5779:Lindke v. Freed
5742:
5675:
5565:FEC v. Beaumont
5452:
5444:
5438:Vidal v. Elster
5023:
4961:NAACP v. Button
4904:
4898:
4868:Ex parte Curtis
4859:
4850:
4679:
4550:
4497:
4491:Vidal v. Elster
4433:
4426:
4371:
4361:
4334:
4328:Janus v. AFSCME
4312:Harris v. Quinn
4288:Locke v. Karass
4175:
4169:
4064:
4018:Brown v. Glines
4001:
3995:
3964:
3958:
3773:
3767:
3728:
3727:Content-neutral
3722:
3643:
3637:
3542:
3540:Symbolic speech
3534:
3512:Smith v. Goguen
3501:
3493:
3470:Strict scrutiny
3460:
3438:Osborne v. Ohio
3421:
3420:Speech integral
3415:
3380:(9th Cir. 2009)
3372:(6th Cir. 2009)
3356:(S.D.N.Y. 2005)
3284:(7th Cir. 1985)
3100:(S.D.N.Y. 1933)
3074:
3029:
2947:
2938:
2897:
2888:
2882:Hess v. Indiana
2826:Fiske v. Kansas
2781:(S.D.N.Y. 1917)
2760:
2748:
2737:
2730:
2705:
2668:
2608:
2571:
2565:Carson v. Makin
2532:
2526:
2304:Tucker v. Texas
2256:Davis v. Beason
2238:
2217:
2211:Trump v. Hawaii
2163:Harris v. McRae
2134:
2091:
2048:
1978:Watson v. Jones
1965:
1906:
1844:Stone v. Graham
1820:Engel v. Vitale
1795:
1789:
1783:Carson v. Makin
1522:
1451:
1445:
1358:
1357:Public displays
1348:
1335:
1329:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1228:
1212:
1207:
1206:
1196:
1194:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1164:
1160:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1132:
1130:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1114:McCreary County
1112:
1108:
1102:McCreary County
1100:
1096:
1090:McCreary County
1088:
1084:
1078:McCreary County
1076:
1072:
1066:McCreary County
1064:
1060:
1054:McCreary County
1052:
1048:
1042:McCreary County
1040:
1036:
1030:McCreary County
1028:
1024:
1018:McCreary County
1016:
1012:
995:
994:
990:
980:
978:
968:
967:
963:
946:
945:
941:
924:
923:
919:
913:McCreary County
911:
907:
894:
893:
889:
876:
875:
871:
865:McCreary County
863:
859:
846:
845:
841:
822:
818:
813:
771:Stone v. Graham
756:
731:
717:
695:
692:in her opinion.
684:
675:
634:Stone v. Graham
626:
610:Paul D. Clement
578:Stone v. Graham
511:
476:Liberty Counsel
460:McCreary County
458:display at the
369:
367:Clarence Thomas
357:
355:Anthony Kennedy
345:
335:John P. Stevens
298:Displaying the
257:924 (2004).
210:
157:
151:
132:
125:
114:
108:
105:
62:
60:
50:
38:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7379:
7377:
7369:
7368:
7363:
7358:
7353:
7348:
7343:
7338:
7333:
7328:
7318:
7317:
7311:
7310:
7308:
7307:
7302:
7301:
7300:
7295:
7290:
7285:
7275:
7270:
7265:
7259:
7257:
7253:
7252:
7250:
7249:
7241:
7233:
7225:
7217:
7209:
7207:(2004 musical)
7201:
7199:(2000 musical)
7193:
7185:
7176:
7174:
7170:
7169:
7167:
7166:
7153:
7145:
7137:
7129:
7121:
7113:
7104:
7102:
7098:
7097:
7095:
7094:
7089:
7087:Book of Exodus
7084:
7083:
7082:
7072:
7071:
7070:
7065:
7055:
7049:
7047:
7043:
7042:
7040:
7039:
7034:
7029:
7024:
7019:
7014:
7009:
7004:
6999:
6994:
6989:
6983:
6981:
6977:
6976:
6963:
6960:
6959:
6954:
6952:
6951:
6944:
6937:
6929:
6920:
6919:
6916:
6915:
6913:
6912:
6904:
6896:
6888:
6880:
6876:Meyer v. Grant
6872:
6864:
6856:
6848:
6840:
6832:
6824:
6816:
6808:
6800:
6791:
6788:
6787:
6782:
6775:
6774:
6771:
6770:
6767:
6766:
6764:
6763:
6755:
6747:
6739:
6731:
6723:
6715:
6707:
6698:
6696:
6692:
6691:
6689:
6688:
6680:
6672:
6664:
6656:
6648:
6640:
6632:
6623:
6621:
6617:
6616:
6614:
6613:
6604:
6602:
6598:
6597:
6595:
6594:
6585:
6583:
6582:Future Conduct
6579:
6578:
6576:
6575:
6567:
6559:
6551:
6543:
6535:
6526:
6524:
6516:
6515:
6510:
6503:
6502:
6499:
6498:
6495:
6494:
6492:
6491:
6483:
6475:
6466:
6464:
6458:
6457:
6455:
6454:
6446:
6437:
6435:
6425:
6424:
6419:
6412:
6411:
6408:
6407:
6404:
6403:
6401:
6400:
6392:
6384:
6375:
6373:
6369:
6368:
6366:
6365:
6357:
6349:
6341:
6333:
6325:
6316:
6314:
6310:
6309:
6307:
6306:
6298:
6290:
6282:
6274:
6266:
6258:
6250:
6242:
6234:
6226:
6218:
6210:
6201:
6199:
6193:
6192:
6190:
6189:
6181:
6173:
6165:
6157:
6149:
6140:
6138:
6132:
6131:
6129:
6128:
6120:
6112:
6103:
6101:
6097:
6096:
6094:
6093:
6085:
6077:
6069:
6061:
6053:
6045:
6037:
6029:
6021:
6013:
6005:
5996:
5994:
5979:
5978:
5973:
5966:
5965:
5962:
5961:
5958:
5957:
5955:
5954:
5950:Beard v. Banks
5946:
5938:
5934:Shaw v. Murphy
5930:
5922:
5914:
5905:
5903:
5899:
5898:
5896:
5895:
5887:
5878:
5876:
5872:
5871:
5869:
5868:
5860:
5852:
5844:
5836:
5828:
5820:
5812:
5803:
5801:
5795:
5794:
5792:
5791:
5783:
5775:
5767:
5759:
5750:
5748:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5740:
5732:
5724:
5716:
5708:
5700:
5692:
5683:
5681:
5677:
5676:
5674:
5673:
5665:
5657:
5649:
5641:
5633:
5625:
5617:
5609:
5601:
5593:
5585:
5577:
5569:
5561:
5553:
5545:
5537:
5529:
5521:
5513:
5505:
5497:
5489:
5481:
5473:
5465:
5456:
5454:
5446:
5445:
5443:
5442:
5434:
5426:
5418:
5410:
5402:
5394:
5386:
5378:
5370:
5362:
5354:
5346:
5338:
5330:
5322:
5314:
5306:
5298:
5290:
5282:
5274:
5266:
5258:
5250:
5242:
5234:
5226:
5218:
5210:
5202:
5194:
5186:
5178:
5170:
5162:
5154:
5146:
5138:
5130:
5122:
5114:
5106:
5098:
5090:
5082:
5074:
5066:
5058:
5050:
5042:
5033:
5031:
5025:
5024:
5022:
5021:
5013:
5005:
4997:
4989:
4981:
4973:
4965:
4957:
4949:
4941:
4933:
4925:
4917:
4908:
4906:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4888:
4880:
4872:
4863:
4861:
4852:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4840:
4832:
4828:Lane v. Franks
4824:
4816:
4808:
4800:
4792:
4784:
4776:
4768:
4760:
4752:
4744:
4736:
4728:
4720:
4716:Elrod v. Burns
4712:
4704:
4696:
4687:
4685:
4681:
4680:
4678:
4677:
4669:
4661:
4653:
4645:
4637:
4629:
4621:
4613:
4605:
4597:
4593:Healy v. James
4589:
4577:
4569:
4560:
4558:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4540:
4532:
4524:
4516:
4507:
4505:
4499:
4498:
4496:
4495:
4487:
4479:
4471:
4463:
4455:
4447:
4438:
4436:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4424:
4416:
4408:
4400:
4392:
4384:
4375:
4373:
4367:
4366:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4359:
4351:
4342:
4340:
4333:
4332:
4324:
4316:
4308:
4300:
4292:
4284:
4276:
4268:
4260:
4252:
4244:
4236:
4228:
4220:
4212:
4204:
4196:
4188:
4179:
4177:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4159:
4151:
4143:
4135:
4127:
4119:
4111:
4103:
4095:
4087:
4078:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4062:
4054:
4046:
4038:
4030:
4022:
4014:
4005:
4003:
3997:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3985:
3977:
3968:
3966:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3948:
3940:
3932:
3924:
3916:
3908:
3900:
3892:
3884:
3876:
3868:
3860:
3852:
3844:
3836:
3828:
3820:
3812:
3804:
3796:
3788:
3779:
3777:
3766:
3765:
3757:
3749:
3741:
3732:
3730:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3712:
3704:
3696:
3688:
3680:
3672:
3664:
3656:
3647:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3635:
3627:
3619:
3611:
3603:
3595:
3587:
3579:
3571:
3563:
3555:
3546:
3544:
3543:versus conduct
3536:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3524:
3516:
3507:
3505:
3495:
3494:
3492:
3491:
3483:
3474:
3472:
3466:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3450:
3442:
3434:
3425:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3405:
3397:
3389:
3381:
3373:
3365:
3357:
3349:
3341:
3333:
3325:
3317:
3309:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3277:
3269:
3261:
3253:
3245:
3237:
3229:
3221:
3213:
3205:
3197:
3189:
3181:
3173:
3165:
3157:
3149:
3141:
3133:
3125:
3117:
3109:
3101:
3093:
3084:
3082:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3064:
3056:
3048:
3039:
3037:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3019:
3011:
3003:
2995:
2987:
2979:
2971:
2963:
2954:
2952:
2950:heckler's veto
2944:Fighting words
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2928:
2920:
2912:
2903:
2901:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2878:
2866:
2858:
2846:
2838:
2830:
2822:
2814:
2806:
2798:
2790:
2782:
2774:
2767:
2765:
2751:
2739:
2738:
2726:
2719:
2718:
2715:
2714:
2711:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2695:
2687:
2678:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2658:
2650:
2642:
2634:
2625:
2623:
2614:
2610:
2609:
2607:
2606:
2598:
2590:
2581:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2561:
2553:
2545:
2541:Locke v. Davey
2536:
2534:
2525:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2484:
2476:
2468:
2460:
2452:
2444:
2436:
2428:
2420:
2412:
2404:
2396:
2388:
2380:
2372:
2364:
2356:
2348:
2340:
2332:
2324:
2316:
2308:
2300:
2292:
2284:
2276:
2268:
2260:
2252:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2227:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2207:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2167:
2159:
2151:
2142:
2140:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2124:
2116:
2108:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2081:
2073:
2065:
2061:Flast v. Cohen
2056:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2038:
2030:
2022:
2014:
2006:
1998:
1990:
1982:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1955:
1947:
1939:
1931:
1923:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1896:
1888:
1880:
1876:Lee v. Weisman
1872:
1864:
1856:
1848:
1840:
1832:
1824:
1816:
1808:
1799:
1797:
1796:public schools
1791:
1790:
1788:
1787:
1779:
1771:
1763:
1755:
1747:
1739:
1731:
1723:
1715:
1707:
1699:
1691:
1683:
1675:
1667:
1659:
1651:
1643:
1635:
1627:
1619:
1615:Sloan v. Lemon
1611:
1603:
1599:Hunt v. McNair
1595:
1587:
1579:
1571:
1563:
1555:
1551:Flast v. Cohen
1547:
1539:
1530:
1528:
1527:Public funding
1524:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1512:
1504:
1496:
1488:
1480:
1472:
1464:
1455:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1443:
1435:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1403:
1395:
1387:
1379:
1371:
1362:
1360:
1359:and ceremonies
1350:
1349:
1344:
1337:
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1210:External links
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571:, rather than
545:Bill of Rights
510:
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503:Stephen Breyer
468:Pulaski County
462:courthouse in
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379:Stephen Breyer
347:Antonin Scalia
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163:Full case name
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6969:Finger of God
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6523:Organizations
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6433:Incorporation
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4909:
4907:
4903:Licensing and
4901:
4894:
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4556:School speech
4553:
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4504:
4503:Loyalty oaths
4500:
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4398:
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4374:
4372:and subsidies
4368:
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3669:
3668:Boos v. Barry
3665:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3642:Content-based
3640:
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2895:
2891:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2862:Bond v. Floyd
2859:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2827:
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2744:
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2701:
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2696:
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2692:
2691:Holt v. Hobbs
2688:
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2675:
2671:
2664:
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2250:
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2205:
2204:
2200:
2197:
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2184:
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2176:
2173:
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2168:
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2137:
2130:
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2100:
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2066:
2063:
2062:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2034:Jones v. Wolf
2031:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1988:
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1983:
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1956:
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1897:
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1296:
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1283:
1278:
1269:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1241:CourtListener
1233:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1193:
1189:
1182:
1179:
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1141:
1128:
1122:
1119:
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1110:
1107:
1103:
1098:
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1079:
1074:
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1059:
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1038:
1035:
1031:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1003:
998:
992:
989:
976:
975:ACLU Kentucky
972:
965:
962:
958:
954:
949:
943:
940:
936:
932:
927:
921:
918:
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817:
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804:
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797:
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780:
776:
773:
772:
768:
766:
763:
761:
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753:
751:
747:
745:
740:
736:
728:
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699:
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691:
688:
681:
672:
670:
668:
664:
663:
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653:
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645:
643:
641:
635:
631:
623:
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619:
615:
611:
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593:
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587:
582:
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564:
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546:
542:
538:
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528:
526:
522:
521:
516:
508:
506:
504:
500:
496:
495:
489:
487:
486:
481:
477:
473:
472:Mathew Staver
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
444:
442:
437:
433:
432:
423:
419:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
387:Case opinions
385:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:Chief Justice
322:
321:
319:
314:
309:
305:
301:
296:
291:
287:
283:
279:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
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248:
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240:
237:
233:
229:
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218:
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208:
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185:
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178:
175:
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168:
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161:
154:
150:
140:
135:
123:
120:
112:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77:
73:
70: –
69:
65:
64:Find sources:
58:
54:
48:
47:
42:This article
40:
36:
31:
30:
27:
19:
7278:Alternatives
7244:
7236:
7231:(2007 film)
7228:
7220:
7212:
7204:
7196:
7188:
7180:
7156:
7148:
7139:
7132:
7124:
7116:
7108:
6980:Commandments
6906:
6898:
6890:
6882:
6874:
6866:
6858:
6850:
6842:
6834:
6826:
6818:
6810:
6802:
6794:
6757:
6749:
6741:
6733:
6725:
6717:
6709:
6701:
6682:
6674:
6666:
6658:
6650:
6642:
6634:
6626:
6609:In re Primus
6607:
6601:Solicitation
6588:
6569:
6561:
6553:
6545:
6537:
6529:
6485:
6477:
6469:
6448:
6440:
6394:
6386:
6378:
6359:
6351:
6343:
6335:
6327:
6319:
6300:
6292:
6284:
6276:
6268:
6260:
6252:
6244:
6236:
6228:
6220:
6212:
6204:
6183:
6175:
6167:
6159:
6151:
6143:
6135:Taxation and
6122:
6114:
6106:
6087:
6079:
6071:
6063:
6055:
6047:
6039:
6031:
6023:
6015:
6007:
5999:
5948:
5940:
5932:
5924:
5916:
5908:
5889:
5881:
5862:
5854:
5846:
5838:
5830:
5824:Wood v. Moss
5822:
5814:
5806:
5785:
5777:
5769:
5761:
5753:
5747:State action
5734:
5726:
5718:
5710:
5702:
5694:
5686:
5667:
5659:
5651:
5643:
5635:
5627:
5619:
5611:
5605:Davis v. FEC
5603:
5595:
5587:
5579:
5571:
5563:
5555:
5547:
5539:
5531:
5523:
5515:
5507:
5499:
5491:
5483:
5475:
5467:
5459:
5436:
5428:
5420:
5414:Matal v. Tam
5412:
5404:
5396:
5388:
5380:
5372:
5364:
5356:
5348:
5340:
5332:
5324:
5316:
5308:
5300:
5292:
5284:
5276:
5268:
5260:
5252:
5244:
5236:
5228:
5220:
5212:
5204:
5196:
5188:
5180:
5172:
5166:In re R.M.J.
5164:
5156:
5148:
5140:
5132:
5124:
5118:In re Primus
5116:
5108:
5100:
5092:
5084:
5076:
5068:
5060:
5052:
5044:
5036:
5015:
5007:
4999:
4991:
4983:
4975:
4967:
4959:
4951:
4943:
4935:
4927:
4919:
4911:
4890:
4882:
4874:
4866:
4860:similar laws
4842:
4834:
4826:
4818:
4810:
4802:
4794:
4786:
4778:
4770:
4762:
4754:
4746:
4738:
4730:
4722:
4714:
4706:
4698:
4690:
4671:
4663:
4655:
4647:
4639:
4631:
4623:
4615:
4607:
4599:
4591:
4579:
4571:
4563:
4542:
4534:
4526:
4518:
4510:
4489:
4481:
4473:
4465:
4459:Matal v. Tam
4457:
4449:
4441:
4418:
4410:
4402:
4394:
4386:
4378:
4353:
4345:
4326:
4318:
4310:
4302:
4294:
4286:
4278:
4270:
4262:
4254:
4246:
4238:
4230:
4222:
4214:
4206:
4198:
4190:
4182:
4161:
4153:
4145:
4137:
4129:
4121:
4113:
4105:
4097:
4089:
4081:
4056:
4048:
4040:
4032:
4024:
4016:
4008:
3987:
3979:
3971:
3965:public forum
3950:
3942:
3934:
3926:
3918:
3910:
3902:
3894:
3886:
3878:
3870:
3862:
3854:
3846:
3838:
3830:
3822:
3814:
3806:
3798:
3792:Hague v. CIO
3790:
3782:
3775:public forum
3759:
3751:
3743:
3735:
3729:restrictions
3714:
3706:
3698:
3690:
3682:
3674:
3666:
3658:
3650:
3644:restrictions
3629:
3621:
3613:
3605:
3597:
3589:
3581:
3573:
3565:
3557:
3549:
3526:
3518:
3510:
3485:
3477:
3452:
3444:
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3428:
3407:
3399:
3391:
3383:
3375:
3367:
3359:
3351:
3343:
3335:
3327:
3319:
3311:
3305:Reno v. ACLU
3303:
3295:
3287:
3279:
3271:
3263:
3255:
3247:
3239:
3231:
3223:
3215:
3207:
3199:
3191:
3183:
3175:
3167:
3159:
3151:
3143:
3135:
3127:
3119:
3111:
3103:
3095:
3087:
3066:
3058:
3050:
3042:
3035:True threats
3021:
3013:
3005:
2997:
2989:
2981:
2973:
2965:
2957:
2930:
2922:
2914:
2906:
2899:false speech
2880:
2868:
2860:
2848:
2845:(1955; 1961)
2840:
2832:
2824:
2816:
2808:
2800:
2792:
2784:
2776:
2697:
2689:
2681:
2660:
2652:
2644:
2636:
2628:
2600:
2592:
2584:
2563:
2555:
2547:
2539:
2518:
2510:
2502:
2494:
2486:
2478:
2470:
2462:
2454:
2446:
2438:
2430:
2424:Bowen v. Roy
2422:
2414:
2406:
2398:
2390:
2382:
2374:
2368:Cruz v. Beto
2366:
2358:
2350:
2342:
2334:
2326:
2318:
2310:
2302:
2294:
2286:
2278:
2270:
2262:
2254:
2246:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2169:
2161:
2153:
2145:
2126:
2118:
2110:
2102:
2083:
2075:
2067:
2059:
2040:
2032:
2024:
2016:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1984:
1976:
1957:
1949:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1917:
1898:
1890:
1882:
1874:
1866:
1858:
1850:
1842:
1834:
1826:
1818:
1810:
1802:
1781:
1773:
1765:
1757:
1749:
1741:
1733:
1725:
1717:
1709:
1701:
1693:
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1677:
1669:
1661:
1653:
1645:
1637:
1629:
1621:
1613:
1605:
1597:
1589:
1581:
1573:
1565:
1557:
1549:
1541:
1533:
1514:
1506:
1498:
1490:
1482:
1474:
1466:
1458:
1437:
1429:
1421:
1413:
1406:
1405:
1397:
1389:
1381:
1373:
1365:
1216:
1195:. Retrieved
1191:
1181:
1165:
1161:
1148:
1143:
1131:. Retrieved
1121:
1113:
1109:
1101:
1097:
1089:
1085:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1053:
1049:
1041:
1037:
1029:
1025:
1017:
1013:
996:
991:
979:. Retrieved
974:
964:
947:
942:
925:
920:
912:
908:
895:
890:
877:
872:
864:
860:
847:
842:
837: (2005).
823:
819:
801:
793:
785:
777:
769:
748:
734:
732:
722:
718:
708:
704:
683:
678:
660:
658:
654:
648:
646:
639:
633:
630:David Souter
627:
596:
594:
589:
583:
576:
565:
561:Lady Justice
529:
518:
512:
492:
490:
483:
479:
445:
430:
429:
428:
416:Laws applied
374:
362:
359:David Souter
350:
338:
215:Case history
194:
166:
115:
106:
96:
89:
82:
75:
63:
51:Please help
46:verification
43:
26:
7298:Golden Rule
7247:(2016 film)
7239:(2010 film)
7223:(2007 film)
7191:(1956 film)
7183:(1923 film)
7068:Mount Horeb
7063:Mount Sinai
6900:Doe v. Reed
6081:Lowe v. SEC
5728:Doe v. Reed
3499:Overbreadth
3292:(Cal. 1988)
2747:Unprotected
1794:Religion in
1133:November 5,
1008: 2005).
1004:, 849 (
959: 2005).
955:, 844 (
937: 2004).
537:Magna Carta
400:Concurrence
249:. granted,
225:F. Supp. 2d
7320:Categories
7092:The Exodus
6197:Defamation
6137:privileges
5992:censorship
4434:as speaker
4432:Government
3963:Designated
2894:Defamation
2758:Incitement
1452:exemptions
811:References
744:Lemon test
598:certiorari
499:swing vote
443:analysis.
262:Subsequent
207:U.S. LEXIS
205:729; 2005
173:Docket no.
109:April 2012
79:newspapers
4856:Hatch Act
4000:Nonpublic
3503:Vagueness
3080:Obscenity
2096:Blue laws
1197:April 12,
981:March 12,
569:religious
203:L. Ed. 2d
183:Citations
5875:Boycotts
2763:sedition
1334:case law
1215:Text of
754:See also
628:Justice
403:O'Connor
392:Majority
311:exhibit.
243:6th Cir.
232:E.D. Ky.
7256:Related
7221:The Ten
6100:Privacy
5902:Prisons
4584:(1969,
2873:(1969,
2853:(1957,
1250:Findlaw
1232:Cornell
687:Justice
662:de novo
573:secular
509:History
408:Dissent
304:secular
293:Holding
269:, 2007
177:03-1693
93:scholar
7263:Joshua
7144:(1876)
7101:In art
7046:Topics
6911:(2011)
6903:(2010)
6895:(2002)
6887:(1999)
6879:(1988)
6871:(1985)
6863:(1979)
6855:(1972)
6847:(1965)
6839:(1965)
6831:(1963)
6823:(1963)
6815:(1961)
6807:(1945)
6799:(1876)
6762:(2008)
6754:(2008)
6746:(2005)
6738:(2000)
6730:(1997)
6722:(1986)
6714:(1981)
6706:(1975)
6687:(2010)
6679:(2000)
6671:(1995)
6663:(1989)
6655:(1988)
6647:(1987)
6639:(1984)
6631:(1984)
6612:(1978)
6593:(1964)
6574:(2021)
6566:(1963)
6558:(1960)
6550:(1958)
6542:(1957)
6534:(1951)
6490:(2021)
6482:(1945)
6474:(1937)
6453:(1886)
6445:(1876)
6399:(2003)
6391:(1985)
6383:(1977)
6364:(2001)
6356:(1997)
6348:(1996)
6340:(1981)
6332:(1978)
6324:(1969)
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6249:(1976)
6241:(1974)
6233:(1970)
6225:(1967)
6217:(1964)
6209:(1952)
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6180:(1987)
6172:(1983)
6164:(1978)
6156:(1972)
6148:(1936)
6127:(1989)
6119:(1975)
6111:(1967)
6092:(2005)
6084:(1985)
6076:(1978)
6068:(1976)
6060:(1974)
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6044:(1965)
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6028:(1946)
6020:(1938)
6012:(1931)
6004:(1907)
5953:(2006)
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5913:(1974)
5894:(1990)
5886:(1982)
5867:(2024)
5859:(2024)
5851:(2022)
5843:(2019)
5835:(2018)
5827:(2014)
5819:(2012)
5811:(2006)
5790:(2024)
5782:(2024)
5774:(2019)
5766:(1972)
5758:(1946)
5739:(2021)
5731:(2010)
5723:(1995)
5715:(1982)
5707:(1976)
5699:(1960)
5691:(1958)
5672:(2022)
5664:(2019)
5656:(2015)
5648:(2014)
5640:(2012)
5632:(2011)
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5608:(2008)
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5592:(2006)
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5576:(2003)
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5441:(2024)
5433:(2020)
5425:(2019)
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5409:(2017)
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4895:(1973)
4887:(1973)
4879:(1947)
4871:(1882)
4847:(2022)
4839:(2016)
4831:(2014)
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4807:(2006)
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4703:(1972)
4695:(1968)
4676:(2021)
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4660:(2007)
4652:(2007)
4644:(2001)
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4628:(1990)
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4604:(1982)
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4576:(1943)
4568:(1940)
4547:(1974)
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4531:(1958)
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4494:(2024)
4486:(2022)
4478:(2022)
4470:(2019)
4462:(2017)
4454:(2015)
4446:(2009)
4423:(2020)
4415:(2013)
4407:(2001)
4399:(1998)
4391:(1991)
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4350:(1944)
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4150:(2018)
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4134:(1995)
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4061:(2018)
4053:(1997)
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3992:(2021)
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3955:(2014)
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3827:(1963)
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3811:(1943)
3803:(1940)
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3787:(1897)
3772:In the
3764:(2017)
3756:(1994)
3748:(1986)
3740:(1939)
3719:(2022)
3711:(2020)
3703:(2015)
3695:(1992)
3687:(1991)
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3490:(2015)
3482:(2010)
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2773:(1798)
2749:speech
2733:portal
2702:(2022)
2694:(2015)
2686:(2011)
2674:RLUIPA
2665:(2020)
2657:(2020)
2649:(2016)
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2605:(2020)
2597:(2012)
2589:(1979)
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2355:(1961)
2347:(1961)
2339:(1961)
2331:(1953)
2323:(1951)
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2307:(1946)
2299:(1944)
2291:(1943)
2283:(1943)
2275:(1940)
2267:(1940)
2259:(1890)
2251:(1879)
2214:(2018)
2206:(1994)
2198:(1989)
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2158:(1978)
2150:(1961)
2131:(1985)
2123:(1961)
2115:(1961)
2107:(1961)
2088:(2011)
2080:(2007)
2072:(1982)
2064:(1968)
2045:(2020)
2037:(1979)
2029:(1976)
2021:(1969)
2013:(1960)
2005:(1952)
1997:(1944)
1989:(1929)
1981:(1872)
1962:(2022)
1954:(2022)
1946:(2001)
1938:(1995)
1930:(1995)
1922:(1993)
1903:(2022)
1895:(2004)
1887:(2000)
1879:(1992)
1871:(1990)
1863:(1987)
1855:(1985)
1847:(1980)
1839:(1968)
1831:(1963)
1823:(1962)
1815:(1952)
1807:(1948)
1786:(2022)
1778:(2020)
1770:(2017)
1762:(2011)
1754:(2002)
1746:(2000)
1738:(1997)
1730:(1994)
1722:(1993)
1714:(1986)
1706:(1985)
1698:(1985)
1690:(1983)
1682:(1982)
1674:(1980)
1666:(1977)
1658:(1977)
1650:(1976)
1642:(1975)
1634:(1974)
1626:(1974)
1618:(1973)
1610:(1973)
1602:(1973)
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1586:(1973)
1578:(1971)
1570:(1971)
1562:(1968)
1554:(1968)
1546:(1947)
1538:(1930)
1519:(2005)
1511:(1997)
1503:(1989)
1495:(1987)
1487:(1985)
1479:(1983)
1471:(1982)
1463:(1970)
1442:(2019)
1434:(2014)
1426:(2010)
1418:(2009)
1410:(2005)
1402:(2005)
1394:(1989)
1386:(1985)
1378:(1984)
1370:(1983)
1280:
1274:
1271:
1268:Justia
1265:
1262:
1256:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1238:
1235:
1229:
1152:,
1006:S. Ct.
1000:,
957:S. Ct.
951:,
935:S. Ct.
933: (
929:,
899:,
881:,
851:,
826:,
806:(2009)
790:(2005)
774:(1980)
551:, the
543:, the
539:, the
377:
375:·
373:
365:
363:·
361:
353:
351:·
349:
341:
339:·
337:
95:
88:
81:
74:
66:
7273:Tabot
7173:Media
7157:Moses
7149:Moses
7117:Moses
7053:Moses
4002:forum
2139:Other
1223:
1172:
830:
649:Lemon
640:Lemon
590:Stone
480:Lemon
284:
253:
220:Prior
100:JSTOR
86:books
7237:I Am
5990:and
2948:the
2761:and
2621:RFRA
1225:U.S.
1199:2015
1174:U.S.
1135:2010
983:2024
832:U.S.
642:test
618:ACLU
584:The
286:U.S.
275:F.3d
255:U.S.
247:cert
236:F.3d
196:more
188:U.S.
186:545
72:news
7163:3/3
7080:lid
4858:and
2946:and
2896:and
1221:545
1170:562
835:844
828:545
667:God
474:of
282:562
278:439
251:543
239:438
228:679
191:844
55:by
7322::
7161:,
6971:·
6967:·
1219:,
1190:.
1168:,
973:.
685:--
563:.
505:.
271:WL
7165:)
6948:e
6941:t
6934:v
4588:)
2877:)
2857:)
2735:)
2731:(
1324:e
1317:t
1310:v
1201:.
1137:.
985:.
531:"
241:(
230:(
199:)
193:(
122:)
116:(
111:)
107:(
97:·
90:·
83:·
76:·
49:.
20:)
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