155:
364:, consuming mechanically separated meat from bovine carcasses carried an increased risk of transmitting BSE to humans. The EU tightened restrictions multiple times starting in 1989, to decrease the risk of spinal cord tissue getting into mechanically separated bovine meat. In the mid-1990s the UK banned mechanically separated meat from cattle backbone, which was expanded to include backbone from any
43:
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As of 1997, the
European Union regulates MSM by the source material, fat (and peroxidation value), protein, and calcium content, bone particle sizes, and by how it is produced and stored. Since 2010, the European Union distinguishes between low-pressure MSM and high-pressure MSM. "Low pressure" MSM
376:(AMR) and is similar to mince meat in terms of appearance and the extent of muscle fiber damage. In a conventional high-pressure process, the meat is pressed through a sieve and the result is the typical paste. High-pressure MSM comes with more risk of
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55962, 60 FR 55982–3) established separate standards for mechanically separated poultry and other meat. Mechanically separated poultry still has calcium content and bone size limits, but no longer any limits on fat and protein levels. It is now
342:
Due to FSIS regulations enacted in 2004 to protect consumers against bovine spongiform encephalopathy, mechanically separated beef is considered inedible and is prohibited for use as human food. It is not permitted in hot dogs or any other processed
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and can only be used in cooked products), there is no additional risk compared to conventional meat products. Low-pressure MSM corresponds to the class of AMR meat in US regulation, while high-pressure MSM corresponds to the class of MSM.
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In the United States, mechanically separated poultry has been used in poultry products since 1969, after the
National Academy of Sciences found it safe. Questions about safety arose in the 1980s, leading to a 1982 report by the U.S.
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systems, both of which are different processes. The process entails pureeing or grinding the carcass left after the manual removal of meat from the bones and then forcing the slurry through a sieve under pressure.
595:
368:
in 1998 (under
European Commission Decision 97/534/EC), and any ruminant bone in 2001. In 2004, under Regulation (EC) No 853/2004, MSM from all ruminants are banned for human consumption.
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tissue). In some countries such as the United States, these non-meat materials are processed separately for human and non-human uses and consumption. The process is controversial;
645:
620:
699:"Report On Mechanically Recovered Meat Health Rules Applicable To The Production And Use Of Mechanically Recovered Meat - Report of the Scientific Veterinary Committee"
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60:
338:(BSE), commonly known as "mad cow disease". Ultimately, products with mechanically separated beef were prohibited for human consumption since 2004:
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The resulting product is a blend primarily consisting of tissues not generally considered meat along with a much smaller amount of actual meat (
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749:"Scientific Opinion on the public health risks related to mechanically separated meat (MSM) derived from poultry and swine"
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Scientific
Opinion on the public health risks related to mechanically separated meat (MSM) derived from poultry and swine
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75:
572:; Poultry Products Produced by Mechanical Separation and Products In Which Such Poultry Products Are Used; Final Rule"
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to use without restriction on proportion, but still needs to be labeled clearly. The rule took effect in 1996.
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Tasić, A; Kureljušić, J; Nešić, K; Rokvić, N; Vićentijević, M; Radović, M; Pisinov, B (September 2017).
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809:
291:, which indicates the presence of bone. It also limits the maximum size of bone particles, the maximum
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Federal
Register / Vol. 47, No. 125 / Tuesday, June 29, 1982 / Rules and Regulations, 9 CFR Part 319
304:
284:
265:, since the late 1960s. However, not all such meat products are manufactured using an MSM process.
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Significant restrictions were later placed on mechanically separated beef due to concerns about
731:"Mechanically separated meat: EFSA advises on public health risks and detection methods | EFSA"
813:
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growth. However, if
European regulations are followed (high-pressure MSM must be immediately
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424:: science journalist who compared meat textures generated by different mechanical procedures
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17:
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646:"FSIS Further Strengthens Protections Against Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)"
550:"9 CFR § 319.6 - Limitations with respect to use of Mechanically Separated (Species)"
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Mechanically separated meat has been used in certain meat and meat products, such as
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283:(FSIS) which concluded that mechanically separated meat is safe and established a
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307:. Mechanically separated meat can only be used in a limited number of products (
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from the edible meat tissue. When poultry is used, it is sometimes called
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254:, for example, called it a "not-so-appetizing meat production process".
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356:. Since mechanically separated beef often contained small amounts of
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are not) up to 20% under the 1982 rule, and must be clearly labeled.
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Poultry, mechanically deboned, from backs and necks with skin, raw
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509:"Determination of calcium content in mechanically separated meat"
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287:. The standard of identity puts a cap on the concentration of
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466:"Take a Look at 'White Slime, ' a 'Pink Slime' Cousin"
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
781:"Mechanically separated meat and meat structure"
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352:Concerns over BSE first arose in 1986 in the
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703:Health and Food Safety | European Commission
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459:
457:
444:"And You Thought It Was Just 'Pink' Slime"
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524:
158:Mechanically deboned meat: frozen chicken
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
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691:
434:
671:"What is mechanically recovered meat"
171:mechanically recovered/reclaimed meat
7:
65:adding citations to reliable sources
705:. 16 September 1997. Archived from
648:. USDA. March 2005. Archived from
623:. USDA. March 2005. Archived from
621:"Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy"
281:Food Safety and Inspection Service
224:or similar device to separate the
25:
554:LII / Legal Information Institute
490:"Meat and Poultry Labeling Terms"
577:. U.S. Department of Agriculture
395:
360:tissue, which can carry the BSE
336:bovine spongiform encephalopathy
41:
442:Lena Groeger (April 12, 2012).
348:European Union / United Kingdom
52:needs additional citations for
464:Micky Meece (April 12, 2012).
320:U.S. Department of Agriculture
232:as an analog to meat-additive
220:under high pressure through a
1:
526:10.1088/1755-1315/85/1/012056
299:), and the minimum amount of
143:Mechanically separated meat:
76:"Mechanically separated meat"
193:product produced by forcing
322:-FSIS "final rule" (see 60
163:Mechanically separated meat
18:Mechanically recovered meat
859:
596:"Hot Dogs and Food Safety"
29:
802:Snopes.com MSP discussion
236:and to meat extracted by
179:mechanically deboned meat
766:10.2903/j.efsa.2013.3137
417:Potted meat food product
30:Not to be confused with
411:Specified risk material
27:Paste-like meat product
374:advanced meat recovery
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238:advanced meat recovery
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151:
145:
305:essential amino acids
269:Safety and regulation
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142:
812:(UDSA FDC, see also
285:standard of identity
61:improve this article
735:www.efsa.europa.eu
297:peroxidation value
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843:Intensive farming
785:New Food Magazine
759:(3). March 2013.
568:"9 CFR Part 318,
311:are allowed, but
295:content (and its
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822:, Appendix A
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117:January 2007
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59:Please help
54:verification
51:
814:full search
403:Food portal
358:spinal cord
318:In 1995, a
230:white slime
832:Categories
713:2015-06-27
681:2011-11-20
656:2011-11-20
631:2011-11-20
606:2014-06-17
581:2007-11-25
519:: 012056.
475:2012-04-17
448:ProPublica
429:References
313:hamburgers
234:pink slime
87:newspapers
32:Pink slime
494:USDA-FSIS
378:microbial
675:BBC News
389:See also
366:ruminant
343:product.
309:hot dogs
259:hot dogs
301:protein
289:calcium
218:chicken
185:) is a
147:pasztet
101:scholar
570:et al.
470:Forbes
382:frozen
251:Forbes
246:muscle
214:turkey
210:mutton
199:ground
195:pureed
189:-like
177:), or
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
575:(PDF)
413:(SRM)
362:prion
222:sieve
187:paste
108:JSTOR
94:books
600:USDA
303:and
261:and
226:bone
206:pork
202:beef
191:meat
80:news
761:doi
521:doi
293:fat
216:or
197:or
183:MDM
175:MRM
169:),
167:MSM
63:by
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757:11
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733:.
722:^
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324:FR
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