1365:
461:
453:
5213:
1905:
The internal classification of the
Eastern Romance languages presented in Petrucci (1999) proposes a bipartite split into Northern and Southern branches, with the Southern branch splitting into Megleno-Romanian and Aromanian. By contrast, the classification presented within
1364:
1910:
v4.8 proposes a bipartite split between
Aromanian and Northern Romanian, the latter of which is further split into Istro-Romanian and Eastern Romanian, from which Daco-Romanian and Megleno-Romanian are hypothesized to have split
1787:. There are many instances where basic words of Latin origin that can still be found in Daco-Romanian and Aromanian were replaced by Slavic words. In some cases, standard Romanian also independently borrowed the same word.
2369:
573:, often being considered either a dialect of Romanian, a dialect of Aromanian, or an independent language. It is closer to standard Romanian than the Aromanian language, suggesting that it split from
2362:
439:
2001:
5124:
2083:
692:
2355:
4704:
2228:
5134:
712:
5076:
4744:
2815:
5198:
1386:
origin and much of its phonetics and semantics is shared with
Aromanian and Romanian: (n.b.: MR=Megleno-Romanian, DR=Daco-Romanian, i.e. Romanian)
432:
3266:
5274:
5254:
2067:
5092:
1141:
4808:
2940:
2828:
2454:
1099:
5244:
5239:
1108:
425:
4055:
2305:
4984:
4115:
998:
926:
2322:
4737:
3403:
3008:
2808:
2265:
1228:
1223:
984:
460:
5083:
5098:
5029:
4203:
4104:
1261:
659:, the language was spoken by most inhabitants before they and other Megleno-Romanians from the region moved in the cities of
357:
5259:
4011:
3689:
1046:
957:
5269:
5264:
5249:
5129:
4138:
3541:
1247:
1242:
1032:
991:
919:
226:
5193:
5006:
4791:
4579:
4017:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2915:
2436:
1768:
1317:
1273:
1268:
1195:
1190:
1015:
1005:
695:. In Cerna, about 1,200 people continue to speak Megleno-Romanian. In 1940, about 30 families moved from Cerna to the
1688:. Prior to the creation of the modern state of Greece, Megleno-Romanian borrowed very few words directly from Greek.
5217:
5039:
5034:
4730:
4300:
3872:
3307:
2865:
2801:
1883:
1294:
1289:
1134:
837:
830:
309:
304:
267:
3799:
1603:
There are also some words which are of Slavic origin and which can be found in all the
Eastern Romance languages:
3887:
3408:
3249:
3216:
2964:
2875:
2858:
2853:
2843:
2379:
1306:
1039:
950:
846:
546:
490:
256:
124:
109:
553:
from the
Balkans. Due to the fact that it is spoken by very few people and because of its similarities with the
4956:
4592:
4496:
3369:
3096:
3044:
1209:
1204:
238:
3960:
244:
5155:
4877:
3505:
3386:
3359:
3235:
3181:
2888:
2848:
2703:
1863:
1848:
1328:
878:
871:
853:
562:
408:
398:
99:
1783:
argued that the words borrowed show some phonetic features of the
Bulgarian language dialect spoken in the
4803:
4678:
4074:
3894:
3312:
3258:
2910:
2483:
887:
759:
640:
578:
413:
170:
3978:
3391:
5188:
5114:
4710:
4655:
4461:
4456:
4109:
4087:
3906:
3729:
3198:
3154:
3101:
1853:
1375:
1084:
1068:
796:
789:
656:
636:
624:
4374:
3342:
1979:
1771:, this influence being more profound than that exerted by Greek on Aromanian. Most Slavic terms are of
4781:
731:
Megleno-Romanian is not a standardised language and there are phonological differences across idioms.
5060:
4818:
4660:
4444:
4434:
4050:
4023:
3949:
3857:
3809:
3608:
3536:
3488:
3482:
3445:
3428:
2925:
2488:
2465:
894:
805:
2550:
4408:
4145:
4037:
4005:
3999:
3841:
3620:
3580:
3546:
3450:
3374:
3317:
3138:
1772:
1677:
971:
904:
534:
3516:
452:
4973:
4966:
4867:
4769:
4650:
4379:
4235:
4193:
4159:
4153:
4043:
3986:
3943:
3926:
3664:
3657:
3551:
3493:
3298:
3281:
3222:
3078:
3066:
2945:
2883:
2599:
2595:
2222:
2077:
2030:
1776:
1681:
754:
644:
570:
554:
510:
494:
379:
369:
336:
4813:
4428:
3556:
2920:
2459:
1305:
Some particular phonetic characteristics of the
Megleno-Romanian vowel system compared to other
5160:
5119:
5024:
4961:
4796:
4786:
4761:
4753:
4607:
4586:
4506:
4466:
4449:
4325:
4253:
4247:
4171:
4063:
3973:
3914:
3826:
3784:
3585:
3531:
3418:
3396:
3337:
3322:
3293:
3276:
3186:
3149:
3118:
3106:
3025:
3013:
2930:
2905:
2899:
2824:
2517:
2431:
2409:
2405:
2301:
2098:
2063:
1983:
1878:
1858:
1784:
1673:
1522:
1235:
1121:
1090:
1025:
941:
864:
776:
766:
594:
566:
558:
498:
299:
290:
278:
119:
72:
545:
Megleno-Romanian is a member of the family of
Romance languages. More specifically, it is an
5170:
5070:
5044:
4908:
4893:
4774:
4560:
4550:
4535:
4523:
4439:
4388:
4352:
4330:
4317:
4311:
4285:
4240:
4229:
4133:
4098:
4082:
3931:
3919:
3852:
3816:
3804:
3772:
3697:
3669:
3642:
3472:
3467:
3455:
3435:
3423:
3364:
3271:
3228:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3123:
3054:
3038:
2935:
2533:
2347:
2005:
749:
744:
688:
676:
352:
331:
316:
104:
5010:
4998:
4644:
4630:
4511:
4413:
4403:
4347:
4198:
4186:
4126:
4121:
3936:
3865:
3847:
3794:
3724:
3681:
3593:
3574:
3526:
3413:
3379:
3332:
3327:
3049:
2981:
2953:
2396:
2261:
2187:
2102:
1780:
1661:
1217:
1060:
783:
771:
652:
574:
514:
175:
91:
50:
3647:
577:
later than
Aromanian. Megleno-Romanian has been strongly influenced by the neighbouring
4951:
4903:
4898:
4695:
4602:
4597:
4518:
4398:
4360:
4092:
3741:
3652:
3598:
3568:
3460:
3144:
3072:
3018:
1934:
1255:
817:
341:
326:
321:
1987:
218:
5233:
4861:
4836:
4637:
4540:
4528:
4260:
3968:
3625:
3563:
3059:
2793:
2576:
1669:
1526:
1172:
977:
910:
823:
684:
680:
2331:
5002:
4994:
4419:
4279:
3674:
2392:
1868:
1665:
614:
550:
271:
263:
165:
4335:
2055:
Aromanian, Megleno-Romanians, and Istro-Romanians: Aspects of
Identity and Culture
464:
Romanian schools for Aromanians and Megleno-Romanians in the Ottoman Empire (1886)
3821:
593:
has been used by linguists (mainly Romanians), who noticed the similarity to the
4481:
4474:
4211:
3777:
3746:
2283:, București, Cultura Națională / Academia Română, Studii și Cercetări VII, 1928;
2059:
Meglenoromânii – aspecte istorice, geografice, etnoidentitare și etnodemografice
2049:
Meglenoromânii – aspecte istorice, geografice, etnoidentitare și etnodemografice
1184:
1167:
668:
231:
2290:, București, Cultura Națională / Academia Română, Studii și Cercetări XXV, 1935
703:
in the villages of Variaș, Biled and Jimbolia. Some speakers who identified as
3759:
3751:
3352:
3111:
2127:
1950:
1945:
1873:
1281:
1177:
517:. It is also spoken by emigrants from these villages and their descendants in
5165:
5150:
4555:
4393:
3735:
3030:
1992:
1907:
660:
211:
195:
160:
4181:
3719:
2010:
202:
4841:
4545:
4340:
4176:
3992:
3440:
3288:
2581:
2342:
1462:
1410:
720:
708:
5065:
4933:
4164:
4029:
3789:
3767:
3707:
3702:
3191:
3176:
1997:
1685:
700:
672:
518:
502:
54:
2045:
Aromâni, Meglenoromâni și Istroromâni: Aspecte identitare și culturale
4366:
3712:
3635:
3615:
3347:
1514:
716:
704:
664:
648:
530:
526:
522:
506:
62:
58:
46:
4722:
2335:
2158:
2131:
565:
languages, some linguists consider it to be an intermediary between
4990:
4939:
3630:
3603:
2388:
1521:
Megleno-Romanian also contains some words that have cognates with
1436:
1383:
696:
604:
459:
456:
The extent of Megleno-Romanian (in purple) and Aromanian (in gold)
451:
114:
1374:, "the Emperor's Fountain") on a water fountain along the way to
4944:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4726:
2797:
2351:
2157:
Sorescu-Marinković, Annemarie; Maran, Mircea (December 2014).
1488:
1320:
in some words which in Romanian would use and , for example:
2042:
Berciu-Drăghicescu, Adina (coord.), Frățilă, Vasile (2012).
651:, as well as in a handful of villages across the border in
1676:) and Aromanian and about 80 words that were borrowed via
2132:"Language preservation, identity loss: The Meglen Vlachs"
2105:[Verbal aspect in the Megleno-Romanian dialect].
2062:]. Editura Universității din București. p. 311.
1767:
The most important influence on Megleno-Romanian was the
1153:
Sounds as well as can also occur from Greek borrowings.
711:(Nótia), were moved to Turkey from Greece as part of the
2332:
Megleno-Romanian Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words
667:
where some have preserved their native language. After
2190:[The Megleno-Romanian dialect - a synthesis].
2159:"Megleno-Romanians in Gudurica: Language and Identity"
1832:
1815:
1799:
1746:
1723:
1700:
1629:
1609:
1581:
1558:
1535:
1501:
1475:
1449:
1423:
1397:
1369:
1350:
1338:
1321:
635:
Megleno-Romanian is spoken in several villages in the
618:
608:
598:
472:
34:
5181:
5143:
5107:
5053:
5017:
4982:
4886:
4854:
4829:
4760:
4671:
4622:
4571:
4495:
4299:
4272:
4221:
4073:
3959:
3905:
3886:
3515:
3504:
3257:
3248:
3209:
3089:
2974:
2963:
2874:
2836:
2759:
2752:
2734:
2720:
2713:
2702:
2684:
2670:
2659:
2633:
2607:
2594:
2564:
2542:
2526:
2510:
2503:
2476:
2447:
2424:
2417:
2404:
237:
225:
209:
193:
188:
153:
88:
78:
68:
42:
23:
2031:Romanian language – Britannica Online Encyclopedia
2002:Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
1668:words, several dozens of which are also found in
1652:
693:population exchange between Bulgaria and Romania
1825:
1808:
1792:
1753:
1646:
597:. The Megleno-Romanians identify themselves as
1759:
1730:
1707:
1636:
1616:
1594:
1588:
1571:
1565:
1548:
1542:
1508:
1482:
1456:
1430:
1404:
1344:
1332:
4738:
2809:
2363:
715:between them of the 1920s. Some also live in
549:, a language formed after the retreat of the
433:
8:
2186:Nevaci, Manuela; Saramandu, Nicolae (2014).
2082:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1930:
1928:
4705:languages with more than 5 million speakers
2181:
2179:
1739:
1716:
1693:
1494:
1468:
1442:
1416:
1390:
4826:
4745:
4731:
4723:
4288:(mixed Romani–Ibero- and Occitano-Romance)
3902:
3512:
3254:
2971:
2816:
2802:
2794:
2756:
2717:
2710:
2667:
2604:
2507:
2421:
2414:
2370:
2356:
2348:
2298:Slavic Features in the History of Rumanian
2227:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2188:"Le dialecte méglénoroumain. Une synthese"
2103:"Aspectul verbal în dialectul macedoromân"
440:
426:
252:
20:
5199:Romanian-language schools in Transnistria
2009:
505:region that spans the border between the
477:by its speakers, and Megleno-Romanian or
1966:
1363:
1161:
738:
5077:Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române
1924:
1895:
396:
387:
367:
277:
255:
2220:
2075:
2276:, București, Cultura Națională, 1925;
1684:languages and other languages of the
7:
2786:= Not strictly dialects; † = extinct
2741:Southern (variants between villages)
2281:Literatura populară la meglenoromâni
2217:. Романские языки. pp. 671–681.
1901:
1899:
679:, but were moved to the village of
5125:Linguistic parallels with Albanian
4709:Languages between parentheses are
2462:, divided into several subdialects
671:, some Megleno-Romanians moved to
29:Meglenitic, Meglinitic, Moglenitic
14:
5130:Slavic superstratum and adstratum
4589:(unknown further classification)
1988:"Glottolog 4.8 - Eastern Romance"
1293:
1288:
1272:
1267:
1260:
1246:
1241:
1234:
1227:
1222:
1208:
1203:
1194:
1189:
1140:
1133:
1107:
1098:
1067:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1014:
1004:
997:
990:
983:
956:
949:
925:
918:
893:
886:
877:
870:
852:
845:
836:
829:
804:
795:
788:
5212:
5211:
1986:; Bank, Sebastian (2023-07-10).
607:") or by local endonyms such as
2215:Мегленорумынский язык / Диалект
18:Romance language of the Balkans
5099:Academy of Sciences of Moldova
5093:Dicționar moldovenesc-românesc
5030:Romanian transitional alphabet
4713:of the language on their left.
4583:(Western Romance-based pidgin)
2246:. Bucharest: Romanian Academy.
1378:, a village in North Macedonia
1368:Megleno-Romanian inscription (
719:, specially in the village of
358:Academy of Sciences of Moldova
129:Northern or Southern Romanian?
1:
5135:Influence on Slavic languages
1525:. These words are present in
1382:Much of the vocabulary is of
1313:long vowels: ā, ē, ī, ǭ, ō, ū
5275:Endangered Romance languages
5255:Languages of North Macedonia
1279:
1215:
1182:
5194:Romanian language in Serbia
4580:Mediterranean Lingua Franca
2553:(original Dobrujan dialect)
2399:→ Eastern Romance languages
2296:Petrucci, Peter R. (1999).
1826:
1809:
1793:
1769:East South Slavic languages
1754:
1740:
1717:
1694:
1653:
1647:
1318:open-mid back rounded vowel
5291:
5054:Institutions and movements
5040:Romanian Cyrillic alphabet
5035:Moldovan Cyrillic alphabet
4855:Dialects/related languages
4282:(mixed Portuguese–Spanish)
3308:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata
3102:Central−Southern Calabrian
2300:. München: LINCOM Europa.
1884:Legacy of the Roman Empire
1641:(master); cf. Old Slavic.
1351:
1339:
1322:
5245:Eastern Romance languages
5240:Megleno-Romanian language
5207:
5084:Dicționarul Limbii Române
4687:
3837:
2781:
2626:Gorna Belica–Dolna Belica
2386:
2380:Eastern Romance languages
2325:, by Dr. Emil Tarcovnicu
1345:
1333:
1331:of in initial position:
1307:Eastern Romance languages
1233:
1083:
1059:
970:
903:
816:
782:
741:
631:Geographical distribution
501:in a few villages in the
257:Eastern Romance languages
33:
28:
3590:North American dialects
3097:Extreme Southern Italian
2242:Atanasov, Petar (2002).
547:Eastern Romance language
491:Eastern Romance language
4962:traditional month names
4830:Argots and speech forms
3009:Central−Northern Latian
2213:Narumov, B. P. (2001).
1956:(subscription required)
1864:Origin of the Romanians
1849:Istro-Romanian language
1833:
1816:
1800:
1747:
1724:
1701:
1630:
1610:
1582:
1559:
1536:
1502:
1476:
1450:
1424:
1398:
1370:
619:
609:
599:
473:
35:
3313:Gallo-Italic of Sicily
2288:Dicționar meglenoromân
2011:10.5281/zenodo.7398962
1779:origins. The linguist
1760:
1731:
1708:
1660:There are a number of
1637:
1617:
1595:
1589:
1572:
1566:
1549:
1543:
1509:
1495:
1483:
1469:
1457:
1443:
1431:
1417:
1405:
1391:
1379:
707:, from the village of
533:. It is considered an
497:. It is spoken by the
465:
457:
5189:Romanian Language Day
4957:longest Romanian word
3800:Poitevin–Saintongeais
2617:Grabovean/Moscopolean
2343:Studies on the Vlachs
2336:Swadesh list appendix
2274:Istoria și graiul lor
1854:Substrate in Romanian
1487:(I yell, originally "
1409:(church, originally "
1367:
463:
455:
264:Vulgar Latin language
5260:Languages of Romania
5061:Transylvanian School
4952:Lexis and vocabulary
3609:St. Marys Bay French
3133:Neapolitan–Calabrese
2341:Asterios Koukoudis,
2244:Meglenoromâna astăzi
1645:, today's Bulgarian
1513:(devil, originally "
1461:(grave, originally "
1435:(world, originally "
655:. In the village of
489:by linguists) is an
272:Thraco-Roman culture
5270:Languages of Turkey
5265:Languages of Serbia
5250:Languages of Greece
4797:Republic of Moldova
3961:Galician–Portuguese
2987:Central Marchigiano
2567:argots/speech forms
2334:(from Wiktionary's
1980:Hammarström, Harald
1791:Bulgarian (Slavic)
713:population exchange
535:endangered language
5144:Speech communities
4985:historic evolution
4375:Catalan Ribagorçan
4222:Pyrenean–Mozarabic
3494:Judaeo-Piedmontese
3404:Bustocco–Legnanese
3199:Northern Calabrian
2099:Saramandu, Nicolae
1984:Haspelmath, Martin
1982:; Forkel, Robert;
1593:; (happy) cf. Alb
1380:
1371:Ceshma ămpiratului
643:regional units of
466:
458:
5227:
5226:
5120:Balkan sprachbund
4864:(Romanian itself)
4850:
4849:
4754:Romanian language
4720:
4719:
4696:extinct languages
4618:
4617:
4295:
4294:
4254:Navarro-Aragonese
4139:Peruvian Ribereño
4064:Judaeo-Portuguese
3979:Galician–Asturian
3882:
3881:
3873:Old Gallo-Romance
3827:Wisconsin Walloon
3244:
3243:
3217:Dalmatian Romance
2825:Romance languages
2791:
2790:
2777:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2748:
2747:
2698:
2697:
2655:
2654:
2590:
2589:
2560:
2559:
2504:Southern variants
2499:
2498:
2418:Northern variants
2130:(December 2014).
2097:Nevaci, Manuela;
2069:978-606-16-0148-6
1954:(18th ed., 2015)
1879:Romance languages
1859:Balkan sprachbund
1785:Rhodope Mountains
1674:Romanian language
1303:
1302:
1150:
1149:
1124:
1093:
1028:
980:
944:
913:
867:
826:
595:Romanian language
499:Megleno-Romanians
450:
449:
348:Regulating bodies
310:Moldovan Cyrillic
305:Romanian Cyrillic
251:
250:
84:5,000 (2002)
73:Megleno-Romanians
5282:
5215:
5214:
5108:Language contact
5071:Romanian Academy
5045:Romanian Braille
4873:Megleno-Romanian
4827:
4747:
4740:
4733:
4724:
4241:Judaeo-Aragonese
4230:Andalusi Romance
4083:Amazonic Spanish
3920:Western Asturian
3903:
3842:Franco-Provençal
3513:
3409:Comasco–Lecchese
3267:Emilian–Romagnol
3255:
3055:Regional Italian
3045:Italo-Australian
2972:
2894:Megleno-Romanian
2818:
2811:
2804:
2795:
2757:
2718:
2711:
2668:
2661:Megleno-Romanian
2605:
2508:
2422:
2415:
2378:Dialects of the
2372:
2365:
2358:
2349:
2328:
2311:
2262:Capidan, Theodor
2248:
2247:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2226:
2218:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2183:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2154:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2081:
2073:
2039:
2033:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2013:
1976:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1957:
1946:Megleno-Romanian
1943:
1937:
1935:Ethnologue entry
1932:
1912:
1903:
1836:
1829:
1819:
1812:
1803:
1796:
1763:
1758:(lemon); cf. DR
1757:
1750:
1743:
1734:
1727:
1720:
1711:
1704:
1697:
1656:
1650:
1640:
1633:
1621:(body); cf. Sl.
1620:
1613:
1598:
1592:
1585:
1575:
1569:
1562:
1552:
1546:
1539:
1512:
1505:
1498:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1460:
1453:
1446:
1434:
1427:
1420:
1408:
1401:
1394:
1373:
1354:
1353:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1335:
1325:
1324:
1297:
1292:
1276:
1271:
1264:
1250:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1226:
1212:
1207:
1198:
1193:
1162:
1144:
1137:
1120:
1111:
1102:
1089:
1071:
1049:
1042:
1035:
1024:
1018:
1008:
1001:
994:
987:
976:
960:
953:
940:
929:
922:
909:
897:
890:
881:
874:
863:
856:
849:
840:
833:
822:
808:
799:
792:
739:
689:Northern Dobruja
677:Southern Dobruja
622:
612:
602:
591:Megleno-Romanian
476:
469:Megleno-Romanian
442:
435:
428:
390:Megleno-Romanian
353:Romanian Academy
253:
247:
232:Megleno-Romanian
221:
205:
198:
133:Megleno-Romanian
94:
38:
24:Megleno-Romanian
21:
5290:
5289:
5285:
5284:
5283:
5281:
5280:
5279:
5230:
5229:
5228:
5223:
5203:
5177:
5139:
5103:
5049:
5025:Modern alphabet
5013:
5011:Modern Romanian
5007:Re-latinization
4999:Common Romanian
4991:Classical Latin
4978:
4882:
4846:
4825:
4756:
4751:
4721:
4716:
4683:
4667:
4645:Pannonian Latin
4631:African Romance
4614:
4567:
4498:
4491:
4429:Judeo-Provençal
4302:
4291:
4268:
4217:
4127:Chilean Chilote
4069:
3955:
3896:
3892:
3889:
3878:
3866:Moselle Romance
3833:
3682:Missouri French
3643:Franco-Ontarian
3518:
3507:
3500:
3240:
3205:
3182:Southern Latian
3085:
3050:Maltese Italian
2982:Central Italian
2966:
2959:
2954:Common Romanian
2870:
2854:Italo-Dalmatian
2832:
2822:
2792:
2787:
2785:
2769:
2744:
2730:
2706:
2694:
2680:
2663:
2651:
2629:
2623:Gopeš–Malovište
2598:
2586:
2570:
2566:
2556:
2538:
2522:
2495:
2472:
2443:
2408:
2400:
2397:Common Romanian
2389:Classical Latin
2382:
2376:
2326:
2323:Megleno-Romanii
2319:
2314:
2308:
2295:
2257:
2255:Further reading
2252:
2251:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2219:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2197:
2195:
2185:
2184:
2177:
2167:
2165:
2156:
2155:
2151:
2141:
2139:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2111:
2109:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2074:
2070:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2029:
2025:
2016:
2014:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1965:
1961:
1955:
1944:
1940:
1933:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1904:
1897:
1892:
1845:
1781:Theodor Capidan
1651:and Macedonian
1362:
1160:
761:
753:
737:
729:
653:North Macedonia
633:
587:
575:Common Romanian
543:
515:North Macedonia
446:
349:
270:
266:
243:
217:
201:
194:
184:
176:Common Romanian
156:
149:
125:Eastern Romance
110:Latino-Faliscan
95:
92:Language family
90:
81:
80:Native speakers
51:North Macedonia
19:
12:
11:
5:
5288:
5286:
5278:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5232:
5231:
5225:
5224:
5222:
5221:
5208:
5205:
5204:
5202:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5185:
5183:
5179:
5178:
5176:
5175:
5174:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5147:
5145:
5141:
5140:
5138:
5137:
5132:
5127:
5122:
5117:
5111:
5109:
5105:
5104:
5102:
5101:
5096:
5089:
5088:
5087:
5080:
5068:
5063:
5057:
5055:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5021:
5019:
5015:
5014:
4989:
4987:
4980:
4979:
4977:
4976:
4971:
4970:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4949:
4948:
4947:
4942:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4890:
4888:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4880:
4878:Istro-Romanian
4875:
4870:
4865:
4858:
4856:
4852:
4851:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4844:
4839:
4833:
4831:
4824:
4823:
4822:
4821:
4816:
4806:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4794:
4784:
4779:
4778:
4777:
4766:
4764:
4758:
4757:
4752:
4750:
4749:
4742:
4735:
4727:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4714:
4707:
4698:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4681:
4675:
4673:
4669:
4668:
4666:
4665:
4664:
4663:
4658:
4648:
4641:
4634:
4626:
4624:
4620:
4619:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4611:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4584:
4575:
4573:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4564:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4533:
4532:
4531:
4526:
4516:
4515:
4514:
4503:
4501:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4486:
4485:
4471:
4470:
4469:
4464:
4454:
4453:
4452:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4425:
4424:
4423:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4396:
4386:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4369:
4364:
4361:Judaeo-Catalan
4357:
4356:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4328:
4320:
4307:
4305:
4297:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4289:
4283:
4276:
4274:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4264:
4250:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4233:
4225:
4223:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4215:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4190:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4150:
4149:
4148:
4143:
4142:
4141:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4116:Latin American
4112:
4107:
4095:
4093:Judaeo-Spanish
4090:
4085:
4079:
4077:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4067:
4060:
4059:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4047:
4046:
4034:
4033:
4032:
4020:
4015:
4008:
3996:
3989:
3984:
3983:
3982:
3971:
3965:
3963:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3953:
3946:
3941:
3940:
3939:
3929:
3924:
3923:
3922:
3911:
3909:
3900:
3884:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3869:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3838:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3831:
3830:
3829:
3824:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3807:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3764:
3763:
3756:
3755:
3754:
3744:
3739:
3722:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3695:
3694:
3693:
3686:
3685:
3684:
3679:
3678:
3677:
3667:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3639:
3638:
3633:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3612:
3611:
3606:
3588:
3583:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3554:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3523:
3521:
3510:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3496:
3486:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3464:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3406:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3377:
3362:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3263:
3261:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3236:Judaeo-Italian
3233:
3232:
3231:
3226:
3213:
3211:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3195:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3173:
3172:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3130:
3129:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3116:
3115:
3114:
3104:
3093:
3091:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3083:
3082:
3081:
3069:
3064:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3023:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2978:
2976:
2969:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2950:
2949:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2896:
2891:
2889:Istro-Romanian
2886:
2880:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2868:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2856:
2846:
2840:
2838:
2837:Major branches
2834:
2833:
2829:classification
2823:
2821:
2820:
2813:
2806:
2798:
2789:
2788:
2783:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2771:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2766:†Krko-Romanian
2763:
2761:
2760:†Krko-Romanian
2754:
2750:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2736:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2724:
2722:
2715:
2708:
2704:Istro-Romanian
2700:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2672:
2665:
2657:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2637:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2611:
2609:
2602:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2585:
2584:
2579:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2565:Romanian-based
2562:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2514:
2512:
2505:
2501:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2451:
2449:
2445:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2439:
2428:
2426:
2419:
2412:
2402:
2401:
2387:
2384:
2383:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2367:
2360:
2352:
2346:
2345:
2339:
2329:
2318:
2317:External links
2315:
2313:
2312:
2306:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2267:Meglenoromânii
2258:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2249:
2234:
2205:
2175:
2149:
2119:
2089:
2068:
2034:
2023:
1971:
1959:
1938:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1822:
1805:
1765:
1764:
1736:
1713:
1658:
1657:
1625:
1601:
1600:
1577:
1554:
1519:
1518:
1492:
1466:
1440:
1414:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1326:
1314:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1286:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1265:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1239:
1232:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1201:
1199:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1138:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1105:
1103:
1096:
1094:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1065:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1050:
1043:
1036:
1029:
1021:
1020:
1011:
1009:
1002:
995:
988:
981:
974:
968:
967:
965:
963:
961:
954:
947:
945:
937:
936:
934:
932:
930:
923:
916:
914:
907:
901:
900:
898:
891:
884:
882:
875:
868:
860:
859:
857:
850:
843:
841:
834:
827:
820:
814:
813:
811:
809:
802:
800:
793:
786:
780:
779:
774:
769:
764:
757:
747:
742:
736:
733:
728:
725:
632:
629:
586:
583:
563:Istro-Romanian
542:
541:Classification
539:
529:group, and in
481:and sometimes
448:
447:
445:
444:
437:
430:
422:
419:
418:
417:
416:
411:
403:
402:
399:Istro-Romanian
394:
393:
385:
384:
383:
382:
374:
373:
365:
364:
363:
362:
361:
360:
355:
345:
344:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
314:
313:
312:
307:
296:
295:
294:
293:
282:
281:
275:
274:
260:
259:
249:
248:
241:
235:
234:
229:
223:
222:
215:
207:
206:
199:
191:
190:
189:Language codes
186:
185:
183:
182:
181:
180:
179:
178:
159:
157:
154:
151:
150:
148:
147:
146:
145:
144:
143:
142:
141:
140:
139:
138:
137:
136:
135:
98:
96:
89:
86:
85:
82:
79:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
44:
43:Native to
40:
39:
31:
30:
26:
25:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5287:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5237:
5235:
5220:
5219:
5210:
5209:
5206:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5186:
5184:
5180:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5152:
5149:
5148:
5146:
5142:
5136:
5133:
5131:
5128:
5126:
5123:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5112:
5110:
5106:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5094:
5090:
5086:
5085:
5081:
5079:
5078:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5058:
5056:
5052:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5023:
5022:
5020:
5016:
5012:
5008:
5004:
5000:
4996:
4992:
4988:
4986:
4981:
4975:
4972:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4953:
4950:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4896:
4895:
4892:
4891:
4889:
4885:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4863:
4862:Daco-Romanian
4860:
4859:
4857:
4853:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4828:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4811:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4789:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4771:
4768:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4759:
4755:
4748:
4743:
4741:
4736:
4734:
4729:
4728:
4725:
4712:
4708:
4706:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4693:
4690:
4689:
4686:
4680:
4679:Proto-Romance
4677:
4676:
4674:
4672:Reconstructed
4670:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4642:
4640:
4639:
4638:British Latin
4635:
4633:
4632:
4628:
4627:
4625:
4621:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4581:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4570:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4534:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4521:
4520:
4517:
4513:
4510:
4509:
4508:
4505:
4504:
4502:
4500:
4494:
4484:
4483:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4476:
4472:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4459:
4458:
4457:Vivaro-Alpine
4455:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4426:
4422:
4421:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4390:
4387:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4362:
4358:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4315:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4304:
4298:
4287:
4284:
4281:
4278:
4277:
4275:
4271:
4263:
4262:
4261:Old Navarrese
4258:
4257:
4256:
4255:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4242:
4239:
4238:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4231:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4220:
4214:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4162:
4161:
4158:
4157:
4156:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4136:
4135:
4132:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4117:
4113:
4111:
4110:Equatoguinean
4108:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4101:
4100:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4076:
4072:
4066:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4025:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4013:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3958:
3952:
3951:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3908:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3891:
3885:
3875:
3874:
3870:
3868:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3836:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3818:
3815:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3762:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3733:
3732:
3731:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3699:
3696:
3692:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3680:
3676:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3595:
3592:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3577:
3576:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3564:Frainc-Comtou
3562:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3503:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3385:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3360:Judeo-Italian
3358:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3290:
3287:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3237:
3234:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3208:
3200:
3197:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3155:Castelmezzano
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3131:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3098:
3095:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3080:
3077:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3061:
3060:Swiss Italian
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2962:
2956:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2941:Transylvanian
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2900:Daco-Romanian
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2867:
2864:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2849:Italo-Western
2847:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2835:
2830:
2826:
2819:
2814:
2812:
2807:
2805:
2800:
2799:
2796:
2780:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2755:
2751:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2719:
2716:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2647:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2636:
2632:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2593:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2563:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2541:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2502:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2456:
2455:Transylvanian
2453:
2452:
2450:
2448:Transylvanian
2446:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2381:
2373:
2368:
2366:
2361:
2359:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2327:(in Romanian)
2324:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2309:
2307:38-9586-599-0
2303:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2285:
2282:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2263:
2260:
2259:
2254:
2245:
2238:
2235:
2230:
2224:
2216:
2209:
2206:
2193:
2189:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2164:
2160:
2153:
2150:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2120:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2093:
2090:
2085:
2079:
2071:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2027:
2024:
2012:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1967:Petrucci 1999
1963:
1960:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1918:
1909:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1835:
1828:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1811:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1795:
1790:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1762:
1756:
1751:
1749:
1742:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1726:
1719:
1714:
1710:
1705:
1703:
1696:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1670:Daco-Romanian
1667:
1663:
1655:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1612:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1597:
1591:
1586:
1584:
1578:
1574:
1568:
1563:
1561:
1555:
1551:
1545:
1540:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:Daco-Romanian
1524:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1504:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1478:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1452:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1426:
1419:
1415:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1400:
1393:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1377:
1372:
1366:
1359:
1330:
1327:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1299:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1163:
1157:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1143:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1003:
1000:
996:
993:
989:
986:
982:
979:
975:
973:
969:
966:
964:
962:
959:
955:
952:
948:
946:
943:
939:
938:
935:
933:
931:
928:
924:
921:
917:
915:
912:
908:
906:
902:
899:
896:
892:
889:
885:
883:
880:
876:
873:
869:
866:
862:
861:
858:
855:
851:
848:
844:
842:
839:
835:
832:
828:
825:
821:
819:
815:
812:
810:
807:
803:
801:
798:
794:
791:
787:
785:
781:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
758:
756:
751:
748:
746:
743:
740:
734:
732:
726:
724:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
685:Tulcea County
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
630:
628:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
601:
596:
592:
584:
582:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
540:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
493:, similar to
492:
488:
484:
480:
475:
470:
462:
454:
443:
438:
436:
431:
429:
424:
423:
421:
420:
415:
412:
410:
407:
406:
405:
404:
401:
400:
395:
392:
391:
386:
381:
378:
377:
376:
375:
372:
371:
366:
359:
356:
354:
351:
350:
347:
346:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
311:
308:
306:
303:
302:
301:
298:
297:
292:
288:
287:
286:
285:
284:
283:
280:
276:
273:
269:
265:
262:
261:
258:
254:
246:
242:
240:
236:
233:
230:
228:
224:
220:
216:
214:
213:
208:
204:
200:
197:
192:
187:
177:
174:
173:
172:
171:Proto-Romance
169:
168:
167:
164:
163:
162:
158:
152:
134:
131:
130:
128:
127:
126:
123:
122:
121:
118:
117:
116:
113:
112:
111:
108:
107:
106:
103:
102:
101:
100:Indo-European
97:
93:
87:
83:
77:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
45:
41:
37:
32:
27:
22:
16:
5216:
5171:Timok Vlachs
5091:
5082:
5075:
5018:Written form
5003:Old Romanian
4995:Vulgar Latin
4872:
4809:Transylvania
4700:
4691:
4643:
4636:
4629:
4578:
4480:
4473:
4435:Languedocien
4427:
4420:Judeo-Gascon
4418:
4359:
4310:
4280:Barranquenho
4259:
4252:
4228:
4210:
4152:
4114:
4097:
4088:Extremaduran
4062:
4036:
4022:
4010:
3998:
3991:
3948:
3907:Asturleonese
3871:
3864:
3822:West Walloon
3810:Saintongeais
3758:
3734:
3730:Anglo-Norman
3688:
3621:Newfoundland
3581:Jersey Legal
3573:
3481:
3446:Southwestern
3429:Vallassinese
3318:Gallo-Picene
3259:Gallo-Italic
3221:
3137:
3132:
3071:
3037:
2952:
2898:
2893:
2660:
2393:Vulgar Latin
2297:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2243:
2237:
2214:
2208:
2196:. Retrieved
2192:diacronia.ro
2191:
2166:. Retrieved
2163:Academia.edu
2162:
2152:
2140:. Retrieved
2138:. p. 40
2136:Academia.edu
2135:
2122:
2110:. Retrieved
2107:diacronia.ro
2106:
2092:
2060:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:, capitolul
2046:
2043:
2037:
2026:
2015:. Retrieved
1991:
1974:
1969:, p. 4.
1962:
1949:
1941:
1869:Thraco-Roman
1831:
1814:
1798:
1766:
1752:, via Bulg.
1745:
1722:
1699:
1666:Modern Greek
1659:
1642:
1628:
1622:
1608:
1602:
1580:
1557:
1534:
1520:
1500:
1474:
1448:
1422:
1396:
1381:
1343:("we had"),
1304:
730:
691:) after the
634:
590:
588:
579:South Slavic
551:Roman Empire
544:
486:
482:
478:
468:
467:
397:
389:
388:
368:
239:Linguasphere
210:
166:Vulgar Latin
132:
15:
4983:Periods of
4967:profanities
4887:Linguistics
4762:Subdialects
4656:Campidanese
4482:Old Catalan
4475:Old Occitan
4212:Old Spanish
4146:Rioplatense
3950:Old Leonese
3778:Cotentinais
3742:Guernésiais
3665:Frenchville
3658:New England
3537:Bourbonnais
3489:Piedmontese
3483:Old Lombard
3375:Bergamasque
3299:Sammarinese
2198:14 February
2194:(in French)
2168:14 February
2142:14 February
2128:Kahl, Thede
2112:14 February
1599:(beautiful)
1570:; cf. Alb.
1547:; cf. Alb.
1355:("I bring")
1316:use of the
1085:Approximant
669:World War I
581:varieties.
525:by a small
155:Early forms
5234:Categories
4837:Gumuțeasca
4703:indicates
4661:Logudorese
4194:Philippine
4160:Andalusian
4154:Peninsular
4044:Estremenho
4000:Portuguese
3927:Cantabrian
3760:Law French
3752:Sercquiais
3586:Meridional
3547:Champenois
3542:Burgundian
3353:Tabarchino
3343:Monégasque
3282:Parmigiano
3139:Neapolitan
3112:Manduriano
3079:Florentine
2946:Wallachian
2916:Bukovinian
2648:Gramostean
2577:Gumuțeasca
2437:Bukovinian
2286:vol. III:
2057:, chapter
2017:2023-11-20
1951:Ethnologue
1919:References
1874:Daco-Roman
1824:Bulgarian
1807:Bulgarian
1773:Macedonian
1678:Macedonian
1553:(fir tree)
1444:monumentum
1360:Vocabulary
735:Consonants
699:region of
610:liumnicean
509:region of
487:Meglinitic
483:Moglenitic
479:Meglenitic
471:(known as
289:including
268:Substratum
5166:Moldovans
5151:Romanians
5115:Substrata
4974:Phonology
4868:Aromanian
4819:Maramureș
4770:Wallachia
4711:varieties
4694:indicate
4651:Sardinian
4608:Triestine
4556:Sursilvan
4467:Mentonasc
4445:Provençal
4394:Auvergnat
4380:Valencian
4336:Mallorcan
4326:Algherese
4301:Occitano-
4248:Navarrese
4236:Aragonese
4172:Castilian
4075:Castilian
4051:Uruguayan
4024:Brazilian
3987:Minderico
3981:/Eonavian
3944:Mirandese
3858:Valdôtain
3844:/Arpitan
3785:Orléanais
3736:Auregnais
3720:Mayennais
3670:Louisiana
3552:Ardennais
3532:Berrichon
3338:Intemelio
3294:Forlivese
3277:Bolognese
3223:Dalmatian
3187:Tarantino
3150:Benevento
3107:Salentino
3067:Sassarese
3031:Gallurese
3014:Romanesco
2967:Dalmatian
2931:Moldavian
2926:Maramureș
2884:Aromanian
2714:In Istria
2620:Muzachiar
2614:Farsherot
2596:Aromanian
2518:Muntenian
2511:Muntenian
2466:Maramureș
2432:Moldavian
2425:Moldavian
2279:vol. II:
2223:cite book
2078:cite book
1993:Glottolog
1908:Glottolog
1777:Bulgarian
1725:chirămidă
1695:prósfatos
1682:Bulgarian
1662:Byzantine
1399:bisearică
1329:apheresis
1218:Close-mid
978:voiceless
972:Fricative
911:voiceless
905:Affricate
824:voiceless
727:Phonology
661:Gevgelija
645:Macedonia
589:The term
571:Aromanian
557:, modern
555:Aromanian
511:Macedonia
495:Aromanian
370:Aromanian
337:Phonology
245:51-AAD-bb
212:Glottolog
196:ISO 639-3
161:Old Latin
69:Ethnicity
5218:Category
5161:diaspora
4938:Former:
4842:Totoiana
4792:Bukovina
4787:Moldavia
4587:Venetian
4561:Vallader
4551:Surmiran
4524:Cadorino
4507:Friulian
4440:Limousin
4409:Béarnese
4371:Western
4353:Northern
4341:Menorcan
4331:Balearic
4322:Eastern
4318:dialects
4177:Castrapo
4134:Peruvian
4105:dialects
4038:European
4006:dialects
3993:Portugis
3974:Galician
3915:Asturian
3853:Savoyard
3805:Poitevin
3773:Cauchois
3747:Jèrriais
3594:Canadian
3473:Varesino
3468:Ticinese
3456:Novarese
3451:Cremunés
3441:Ossolano
3436:Milanese
3424:Lecchese
3392:Brianzöö
3323:Ligurian
3289:Romagnol
3170:Arianese
3165:Irpinian
3160:Cilentan
3124:Pantesco
3119:Sicilian
3090:Southern
3026:Corsican
3002:Macerata
2997:Fabriano
2936:Oltenian
2906:dialects
2866:Southern
2735:Southern
2727:Northern
2721:Northern
2707:dialects
2691:Southern
2685:Southern
2677:Northern
2671:Northern
2664:dialects
2643:Olympian
2640:Pindean
2634:Southern
2608:Northern
2600:dialects
2582:Totoiana
2534:Oltenian
2527:Oltenian
2410:dialects
2406:Romanian
2272:vol. I:
2101:(2014).
1843:See also
1838:(forest)
1830:> MR
1817:niveastă
1813:> MR
1810:neviasta
1797:> MR
1744:> MR
1732:cărămidă
1721:> MR
1718:keramídi
1709:proaspăt
1702:proaspit
1698:> MR
1648:stopanin
1523:Albanian
1499:> MR
1473:> MR
1463:monument
1447:> MR
1421:> MR
1411:basilica
1406:biserică
1395:> MR
1392:basilica
1256:Open-mid
762:alveolar
755:Alveolar
721:Gudurica
615:Liumnița
567:Romanian
559:Romanian
474:vlăhește
409:Alphabet
380:Alphabet
300:Alphabet
291:Moldovan
279:Romanian
219:megl1237
36:vlăhește
5066:Junimea
4909:numbers
4894:Grammar
4814:Crișana
4782:Dobruja
4775:Oltenia
4692:Italics
4593:Chipilo
4536:Romansh
4499:Romance
4497:Rhaeto-
4462:Gardiol
4414:Landese
4404:Aranese
4389:Occitan
4348:Central
4312:Catalan
4303:Romance
4204:Creoles
4199:Saharan
4187:Murcian
4165:Llanito
4122:Chilean
4099:Spanish
4056:Creoles
4030:Mineiro
4012:African
3937:Riberan
3932:Leonese
3897:Iberian
3890:Romance
3817:Walloon
3790:Paydret
3768:Augeron
3708:Vosgien
3703:Gaumais
3698:Lorrain
3690:Creoles
3653:Muskrat
3599:Acadian
3527:Angevin
3517:Langues
3508:Romance
3414:Comasco
3387:Western
3380:Cremish
3370:Eastern
3365:Lombard
3333:Genoese
3328:Brigasc
3272:Emilian
3250:Western
3229:Istriot
3192:Vastese
3177:Molisan
3039:Italian
2975:Central
2921:Crișana
2876:Eastern
2859:Western
2844:Eastern
2753:†In Krk
2543:†Dician
2460:Crișana
1998:Leipzig
1821:(bride)
1735:(brick)
1712:(fresh)
1686:Balkans
1643:stopanŭ
1590:bucuros
1583:bucuros
1470:strigis
1458:mormânt
1451:murmint
1173:Central
1122:central
1091:lateral
777:Glottal
767:Palatal
701:Romania
673:Romania
623:("from
613:("from
519:Romania
503:Moglena
414:Grammar
332:Numbers
317:Grammar
120:Romance
55:Romania
5182:Others
5156:origin
4623:Others
4603:Talian
4598:Fiuman
4572:Others
4512:Fornes
4450:Niçard
4399:Gascon
4367:Patuet
4273:Others
4182:Castúo
3888:Ibero-
3848:Faetar
3795:Picard
3725:Norman
3713:Welche
3636:Magoua
3626:Quebec
3616:Brayon
3575:French
3557:Rémois
3506:Gallo-
3461:Pavese
3419:Laghée
3397:Canzés
3348:Royasc
3210:Others
3145:Barese
3073:Tuscan
3019:Sabino
2992:Ancona
2965:Italo-
2551:Dician
2489:Boyash
2304:
2066:
1761:lămâie
1748:limonă
1741:lemoni
1654:stopan
1638:stăpân
1631:stăpon
1611:stăpân
1576:(colt)
1515:dragon
1323:pǫ́nză
1158:Vowels
1026:voiced
942:voiced
865:voiced
750:Dental
745:Labial
717:Serbia
705:Muslim
665:Skopje
649:Greece
641:Kilkis
620:umineț
617:") or
531:Serbia
527:Muslim
523:Turkey
105:Italic
63:Serbia
59:Turkey
47:Greece
4904:verbs
4899:nouns
4804:Banat
4546:Putèr
4541:Jauer
4529:Nones
4519:Ladin
4018:Asian
3675:Houma
3648:Métis
3631:Joual
3604:Chiac
3569:Gallo
3519:d'oïl
2911:Banat
2484:Banat
2477:Banat
2052:[
1911:from.
1890:Notes
1755:limon
1729:; DR
1706:; DR
1635:; DR
1623:trupŭ
1615:; DR
1596:bukur
1587:; DR
1564:; DR
1550:bredh
1541:; DR
1529:too:
1507:, DR
1496:draco
1484:strig
1481:, DR
1477:strig
1455:, DR
1437:light
1429:, DR
1418:lumen
1403:, DR
1384:Latin
1334:aveam
1309:are:
1185:Close
1168:Front
1061:Trill
784:Nasal
772:Velar
760:Post-
709:Nânti
697:Banat
681:Cerna
675:, in
637:Pella
605:Vlach
521:, in
507:Greek
342:Lexis
327:Verbs
322:Nouns
115:Latin
4701:Bold
4286:Caló
3969:Fala
3895:West
2302:ISBN
2229:link
2200:2024
2170:2024
2144:2024
2114:2024
2084:link
2064:ISBN
1834:goră
1827:gora
1801:drob
1794:drob
1775:and
1738:Gr.
1715:Gr.
1692:Gr.
1680:and
1664:and
1618:trup
1567:mânz
1560:monz
1544:brad
1537:brad
1510:drac
1503:drac
1432:lume
1425:lumi
1376:Huma
1346:aduc
1340:veam
1282:Open
1178:Back
818:Stop
663:and
657:Huma
639:and
627:").
600:vlaș
585:Name
569:and
561:and
513:and
2006:doi
1948:at
1627:MR
1607:MR
1579:MR
1573:mës
1556:MR
1533:MR
1489:owl
1352:duc
958:d͡ʒ
951:d͡z
927:t͡ʃ
920:t͡s
683:in
625:Uma
485:or
227:ELP
203:ruq
5236::
5009:→
5005:→
5001:→
4997:→
4993:→
4940:D̦
2395:→
2391:→
2264:,
2225:}}
2221:{{
2178:^
2161:.
2134:.
2080:}}
2076:{{
2004:.
2000::
1996:.
1990:.
1927:^
1898:^
1517:")
1491:")
1465:")
1439:")
1413:")
1349:→
1337:→
1295:aː
1274:ɔː
1248:oː
1229:eː
1210:uː
1196:iː
1019:)
723:.
647:,
603:("
537:.
61:,
57:,
53:,
49:,
4945:Ŭ
4934:Ț
4929:Ș
4924:Î
4919:Â
4914:Ă
4746:e
4739:t
4732:v
3899:)
3893:(
2831:)
2827:(
2817:e
2810:t
2803:v
2784:*
2569:*
2549:†
2371:e
2364:t
2357:v
2338:)
2310:.
2231:)
2202:.
2172:.
2146:.
2116:.
2086:)
2072:.
2020:.
2008::
1672:(
1290:a
1269:ɔ
1262:ɛ
1243:o
1236:ə
1224:e
1205:u
1191:i
1142:w
1135:j
1109:ʎ
1100:l
1069:r
1047:ʒ
1040:z
1033:v
1016:h
1013:(
1006:ç
999:ʃ
992:s
985:f
895:ɡ
888:ɟ
879:d
872:b
854:k
847:c
838:t
831:p
806:ɲ
797:n
790:m
752:/
687:(
441:e
434:t
427:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.