1376:
472:
464:
5224:
1916:
The internal classification of the
Eastern Romance languages presented in Petrucci (1999) proposes a bipartite split into Northern and Southern branches, with the Southern branch splitting into Megleno-Romanian and Aromanian. By contrast, the classification presented within
1375:
1921:
v4.8 proposes a bipartite split between
Aromanian and Northern Romanian, the latter of which is further split into Istro-Romanian and Eastern Romanian, from which Daco-Romanian and Megleno-Romanian are hypothesized to have split
1798:. There are many instances where basic words of Latin origin that can still be found in Daco-Romanian and Aromanian were replaced by Slavic words. In some cases, standard Romanian also independently borrowed the same word.
2380:
584:, often being considered either a dialect of Romanian, a dialect of Aromanian, or an independent language. It is closer to standard Romanian than the Aromanian language, suggesting that it split from
2373:
450:
2012:
5135:
2094:
703:
2366:
4715:
2239:
5145:
723:
5087:
4755:
2826:
5209:
1397:
origin and much of its phonetics and semantics is shared with
Aromanian and Romanian: (n.b.: MR=Megleno-Romanian, DR=Daco-Romanian, i.e. Romanian)
443:
3277:
5285:
5265:
2078:
5103:
1152:
4819:
2951:
2839:
2465:
1110:
5255:
5250:
1119:
436:
4066:
2316:
4995:
4126:
1009:
937:
2333:
4748:
3414:
3019:
2819:
2276:
1239:
1234:
995:
471:
5094:
5109:
5040:
4214:
4115:
1272:
670:, the language was spoken by most inhabitants before they and other Megleno-Romanians from the region moved in the cities of
368:
5270:
4022:
3700:
1057:
968:
5280:
5275:
5260:
5140:
4149:
3552:
1258:
1253:
1043:
1002:
930:
237:
5204:
5017:
4802:
4590:
4028:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2926:
2447:
1779:
1328:
1284:
1279:
1206:
1201:
1026:
1016:
706:. In Cerna, about 1,200 people continue to speak Megleno-Romanian. In 1940, about 30 families moved from Cerna to the
1699:. Prior to the creation of the modern state of Greece, Megleno-Romanian borrowed very few words directly from Greek.
5228:
5050:
5045:
4741:
4311:
3883:
3318:
2876:
2812:
1894:
1305:
1300:
1145:
848:
841:
320:
315:
278:
3810:
1614:
There are also some words which are of Slavic origin and which can be found in all the
Eastern Romance languages:
3898:
3419:
3260:
3227:
2975:
2886:
2869:
2864:
2854:
2390:
1317:
1050:
961:
857:
557:
501:
267:
135:
120:
564:
from the
Balkans. Due to the fact that it is spoken by very few people and because of its similarities with the
4967:
4603:
4507:
3380:
3107:
3055:
1220:
1215:
249:
3971:
255:
5166:
4888:
3516:
3397:
3370:
3246:
3192:
2899:
2859:
2714:
1874:
1859:
1339:
889:
882:
864:
573:
419:
409:
110:
1794:
argued that the words borrowed show some phonetic features of the
Bulgarian language dialect spoken in the
4814:
4689:
4085:
3905:
3323:
3269:
2921:
2494:
898:
770:
651:
589:
424:
181:
3989:
3402:
5199:
5125:
4721:
4666:
4472:
4467:
4120:
4098:
3917:
3740:
3209:
3165:
3112:
1864:
1386:
1095:
1079:
807:
800:
667:
647:
635:
4385:
3353:
1990:
1782:, this influence being more profound than that exerted by Greek on Aromanian. Most Slavic terms are of
4792:
742:
Megleno-Romanian is not a standardised language and there are phonological differences across idioms.
5071:
4829:
4671:
4455:
4445:
4061:
4034:
3960:
3868:
3820:
3619:
3547:
3499:
3493:
3456:
3439:
2936:
2499:
2476:
905:
816:
2561:
4419:
4156:
4048:
4016:
4010:
3852:
3631:
3591:
3557:
3461:
3385:
3328:
3149:
1783:
1688:
982:
915:
545:
3527:
463:
4984:
4977:
4878:
4780:
4661:
4390:
4246:
4204:
4170:
4164:
4054:
3997:
3954:
3937:
3675:
3668:
3562:
3504:
3309:
3292:
3233:
3089:
3077:
2956:
2894:
2610:
2606:
2233:
2088:
2041:
1787:
1692:
765:
655:
581:
565:
521:
505:
390:
380:
347:
4824:
4439:
3567:
2931:
2470:
1316:
Some particular phonetic characteristics of the
Megleno-Romanian vowel system compared to other
5171:
5130:
5035:
4972:
4807:
4797:
4772:
4764:
4618:
4597:
4517:
4477:
4460:
4336:
4264:
4258:
4182:
4074:
3984:
3925:
3837:
3795:
3596:
3542:
3429:
3407:
3348:
3333:
3304:
3287:
3197:
3160:
3129:
3117:
3036:
3024:
2941:
2916:
2910:
2835:
2528:
2442:
2420:
2416:
2312:
2109:
2074:
1994:
1889:
1869:
1795:
1684:
1533:
1246:
1132:
1101:
1036:
952:
875:
787:
777:
605:
577:
569:
509:
310:
301:
289:
130:
83:
556:
Megleno-Romanian is a member of the family of
Romance languages. More specifically, it is an
5181:
5081:
5055:
4919:
4904:
4785:
4571:
4561:
4546:
4534:
4450:
4399:
4363:
4341:
4328:
4322:
4296:
4251:
4240:
4144:
4109:
4093:
3942:
3930:
3863:
3827:
3815:
3783:
3708:
3680:
3653:
3483:
3478:
3466:
3446:
3434:
3375:
3282:
3239:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3134:
3065:
3049:
2946:
2544:
2358:
2016:
760:
755:
699:
687:
363:
342:
327:
115:
5021:
5009:
4655:
4641:
4522:
4424:
4414:
4358:
4209:
4197:
4137:
4132:
3947:
3876:
3858:
3805:
3735:
3692:
3604:
3585:
3537:
3424:
3390:
3343:
3338:
3060:
2992:
2964:
2407:
2272:
2198:
2113:
1791:
1672:
1228:
1071:
794:
782:
663:
585:
525:
186:
102:
61:
3658:
17:
588:
later than
Aromanian. Megleno-Romanian has been strongly influenced by the neighbouring
4962:
4914:
4909:
4706:
4613:
4608:
4529:
4409:
4371:
4103:
3752:
3663:
3609:
3579:
3471:
3155:
3083:
3029:
1945:
1266:
828:
352:
337:
332:
1998:
229:
5244:
4872:
4847:
4648:
4551:
4539:
4271:
3979:
3636:
3574:
3070:
2804:
2587:
1680:
1537:
1183:
988:
921:
834:
695:
691:
2342:
5013:
5005:
4430:
4290:
3685:
2403:
1879:
1676:
625:
561:
282:
274:
176:
4346:
2066:
Aromanian, Megleno-Romanians, and Istro-Romanians: Aspects of
Identity and Culture
475:
Romanian schools for Aromanians and Megleno-Romanians in the Ottoman Empire (1886)
3832:
604:
has been used by linguists (mainly Romanians), who noticed the similarity to the
4492:
4485:
4222:
3788:
3757:
2294:, București, Cultura Națională / Academia Română, Studii și Cercetări VII, 1928;
2070:
Meglenoromânii – aspecte istorice, geografice, etnoidentitare și etnodemografice
2060:
Meglenoromânii – aspecte istorice, geografice, etnoidentitare și etnodemografice
1195:
1178:
679:
242:
2301:, București, Cultura Națională / Academia Română, Studii și Cercetări XXV, 1935
714:
in the villages of Variaș, Biled and Jimbolia. Some speakers who identified as
3770:
3762:
3363:
3122:
2138:
1961:
1956:
1884:
1292:
1188:
528:. It is also spoken by emigrants from these villages and their descendants in
5176:
5161:
4566:
4404:
3746:
3041:
2003:
1918:
671:
222:
206:
171:
4192:
3730:
2021:
213:
4852:
4556:
4351:
4187:
4003:
3451:
3299:
2592:
2353:
1473:
1421:
731:
719:
5076:
4944:
4175:
4040:
3800:
3778:
3718:
3713:
3202:
3187:
2008:
1696:
711:
683:
529:
513:
65:
2056:
Aromâni, Meglenoromâni și Istroromâni: Aspecte identitare și culturale
4377:
3723:
3646:
3626:
3358:
1525:
727:
715:
675:
659:
541:
537:
533:
517:
73:
69:
57:
4733:
2346:
2169:
2142:
576:
languages, some linguists consider it to be an intermediary between
5001:
4950:
3641:
3614:
2399:
1532:
Megleno-Romanian also contains some words that have cognates with
1447:
1394:
707:
615:
470:
467:
The extent of Megleno-Romanian (in purple) and Aromanian (in gold)
462:
125:
1385:, "the Emperor's Fountain") on a water fountain along the way to
4955:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4737:
2808:
2362:
2168:
Sorescu-Marinković, Annemarie; Maran, Mircea (December 2014).
1499:
1331:
in some words which in Romanian would use and , for example:
2053:
Berciu-Drăghicescu, Adina (coord.), Frățilă, Vasile (2012).
662:, as well as in a handful of villages across the border in
1687:) and Aromanian and about 80 words that were borrowed via
2143:"Language preservation, identity loss: The Meglen Vlachs"
2116:[Verbal aspect in the Megleno-Romanian dialect].
2073:]. Editura Universității din București. p. 311.
1778:
The most important influence on Megleno-Romanian was the
1164:
Sounds as well as can also occur from Greek borrowings.
722:(Nótia), were moved to Turkey from Greece as part of the
2343:
Megleno-Romanian Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words
678:
where some have preserved their native language. After
2201:[The Megleno-Romanian dialect - a synthesis].
2170:"Megleno-Romanians in Gudurica: Language and Identity"
1843:
1826:
1810:
1757:
1734:
1711:
1640:
1620:
1592:
1569:
1546:
1512:
1486:
1460:
1434:
1408:
1380:
1361:
1349:
1332:
646:
Megleno-Romanian is spoken in several villages in the
629:
619:
609:
483:
45:
5192:
5154:
5118:
5064:
5028:
4993:
4897:
4865:
4840:
4771:
4682:
4633:
4582:
4506:
4310:
4283:
4232:
4084:
3970:
3916:
3897:
3526:
3515:
3268:
3259:
3220:
3100:
2985:
2974:
2885:
2847:
2770:
2763:
2745:
2731:
2724:
2713:
2695:
2681:
2670:
2644:
2618:
2605:
2575:
2553:
2537:
2521:
2514:
2487:
2458:
2435:
2428:
2415:
248:
236:
220:
204:
199:
164:
99:
89:
79:
53:
34:
2042:Romanian language – Britannica Online Encyclopedia
2013:Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
1679:words, several dozens of which are also found in
1663:
704:population exchange between Bulgaria and Romania
1836:
1819:
1803:
1764:
1657:
608:. The Megleno-Romanians identify themselves as
1770:
1741:
1718:
1647:
1627:
1605:
1599:
1582:
1576:
1559:
1553:
1519:
1493:
1467:
1441:
1415:
1355:
1343:
4749:
2820:
2374:
726:between them of the 1920s. Some also live in
560:, a language formed after the retreat of the
444:
8:
2197:Nevaci, Manuela; Saramandu, Nicolae (2014).
2093:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1941:
1939:
4716:languages with more than 5 million speakers
2192:
2190:
1750:
1727:
1704:
1505:
1479:
1453:
1427:
1401:
4837:
4756:
4742:
4734:
4299:(mixed Romani–Ibero- and Occitano-Romance)
3913:
3523:
3265:
2982:
2827:
2813:
2805:
2767:
2728:
2721:
2678:
2615:
2518:
2432:
2425:
2381:
2367:
2359:
2309:Slavic Features in the History of Rumanian
2238:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2199:"Le dialecte méglénoroumain. Une synthese"
2114:"Aspectul verbal în dialectul macedoromân"
451:
437:
263:
31:
5210:Romanian-language schools in Transnistria
2020:
516:region that spans the border between the
488:by its speakers, and Megleno-Romanian or
1977:
1374:
1172:
749:
5088:Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române
1935:
1906:
407:
398:
378:
288:
266:
2231:
2086:
2287:, București, Cultura Națională, 1925;
1695:languages and other languages of the
7:
2797:= Not strictly dialects; † = extinct
2752:Southern (variants between villages)
2292:Literatura populară la meglenoromâni
2228:. Романские языки. pp. 671–681.
1912:
1910:
690:, but were moved to the village of
5136:Linguistic parallels with Albanian
4720:Languages between parentheses are
2473:, divided into several subdialects
682:, some Megleno-Romanians moved to
40:Meglenitic, Meglinitic, Moglenitic
25:
5141:Slavic superstratum and adstratum
4600:(unknown further classification)
1999:"Glottolog 4.8 - Eastern Romance"
1304:
1299:
1283:
1278:
1271:
1257:
1252:
1245:
1238:
1233:
1219:
1214:
1205:
1200:
1151:
1144:
1118:
1109:
1078:
1056:
1049:
1042:
1025:
1015:
1008:
1001:
994:
967:
960:
936:
929:
904:
897:
888:
881:
863:
856:
847:
840:
815:
806:
799:
5223:
5222:
1997:; Bank, Sebastian (2023-07-10).
618:") or by local endonyms such as
2226:Мегленорумынский язык / Диалект
29:Romance language of the Balkans
5110:Academy of Sciences of Moldova
5104:Dicționar moldovenesc-românesc
5041:Romanian transitional alphabet
4724:of the language on their left.
4594:(Western Romance-based pidgin)
2257:. Bucharest: Romanian Academy.
1389:, a village in North Macedonia
1379:Megleno-Romanian inscription (
730:, specially in the village of
369:Academy of Sciences of Moldova
140:Northern or Southern Romanian?
1:
5146:Influence on Slavic languages
1536:. These words are present in
1393:Much of the vocabulary is of
1324:long vowels: ā, ē, ī, ǭ, ō, ū
5286:Endangered Romance languages
5266:Languages of North Macedonia
1290:
1226:
1193:
5205:Romanian language in Serbia
4591:Mediterranean Lingua Franca
2564:(original Dobrujan dialect)
2410:→ Eastern Romance languages
2307:Petrucci, Peter R. (1999).
1837:
1820:
1804:
1780:East South Slavic languages
1765:
1751:
1728:
1705:
1664:
1658:
1329:open-mid back rounded vowel
5302:
5065:Institutions and movements
5051:Romanian Cyrillic alphabet
5046:Moldovan Cyrillic alphabet
4866:Dialects/related languages
4293:(mixed Portuguese–Spanish)
3319:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata
3113:Central−Southern Calabrian
2311:. München: LINCOM Europa.
1895:Legacy of the Roman Empire
1652:(master); cf. Old Slavic.
1362:
1350:
1333:
5256:Eastern Romance languages
5251:Megleno-Romanian language
5218:
5095:Dicționarul Limbii Române
4698:
3848:
2792:
2637:Gorna Belica–Dolna Belica
2397:
2391:Eastern Romance languages
2336:, by Dr. Emil Tarcovnicu
1356:
1344:
1342:of in initial position:
1318:Eastern Romance languages
1244:
1094:
1070:
981:
914:
827:
793:
752:
642:Geographical distribution
512:in a few villages in the
268:Eastern Romance languages
44:
39:
18:Megleno Romanian language
3601:North American dialects
3108:Extreme Southern Italian
2253:Atanasov, Petar (2002).
558:Eastern Romance language
502:Eastern Romance language
4973:traditional month names
4841:Argots and speech forms
3020:Central−Northern Latian
2224:Narumov, B. P. (2001).
1967:(subscription required)
1875:Origin of the Romanians
1860:Istro-Romanian language
1844:
1827:
1811:
1758:
1735:
1712:
1641:
1621:
1593:
1570:
1547:
1513:
1487:
1461:
1435:
1409:
1381:
630:
620:
610:
484:
46:
3324:Gallo-Italic of Sicily
2299:Dicționar meglenoromân
2022:10.5281/zenodo.7398962
1790:origins. The linguist
1771:
1742:
1719:
1671:There are a number of
1648:
1628:
1606:
1600:
1583:
1577:
1560:
1554:
1520:
1506:
1494:
1480:
1468:
1454:
1442:
1428:
1416:
1402:
1390:
718:, from the village of
544:. It is considered an
508:. It is spoken by the
476:
468:
5200:Romanian Language Day
4968:longest Romanian word
3811:Poitevin–Saintongeais
2628:Grabovean/Moscopolean
2354:Studies on the Vlachs
2347:Swadesh list appendix
2285:Istoria și graiul lor
1865:Substrate in Romanian
1498:(I yell, originally "
1420:(church, originally "
1378:
474:
466:
275:Vulgar Latin language
5271:Languages of Romania
5072:Transylvanian School
4963:Lexis and vocabulary
3620:St. Marys Bay French
3144:Neapolitan–Calabrese
2352:Asterios Koukoudis,
2255:Meglenoromâna astăzi
1656:, today's Bulgarian
1524:(devil, originally "
1472:(grave, originally "
1446:(world, originally "
666:. In the village of
500:by linguists) is an
283:Thraco-Roman culture
5281:Languages of Turkey
5276:Languages of Serbia
5261:Languages of Greece
4808:Republic of Moldova
3972:Galician–Portuguese
2998:Central Marchigiano
2578:argots/speech forms
2345:(from Wiktionary's
1991:Hammarström, Harald
1802:Bulgarian (Slavic)
724:population exchange
546:endangered language
5155:Speech communities
4996:historic evolution
4386:Catalan Ribagorçan
4233:Pyrenean–Mozarabic
3505:Judaeo-Piedmontese
3415:Bustocco–Legnanese
3210:Northern Calabrian
2110:Saramandu, Nicolae
1995:Haspelmath, Martin
1993:; Forkel, Robert;
1604:; (happy) cf. Alb
1391:
1382:Ceshma ămpiratului
654:regional units of
477:
469:
5238:
5237:
5131:Balkan sprachbund
4875:(Romanian itself)
4861:
4860:
4765:Romanian language
4731:
4730:
4707:extinct languages
4629:
4628:
4306:
4305:
4265:Navarro-Aragonese
4150:Peruvian Ribereño
4075:Judaeo-Portuguese
3990:Galician–Asturian
3893:
3892:
3884:Old Gallo-Romance
3838:Wisconsin Walloon
3255:
3254:
3228:Dalmatian Romance
2836:Romance languages
2802:
2801:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2759:
2758:
2709:
2708:
2666:
2665:
2601:
2600:
2571:
2570:
2515:Southern variants
2510:
2509:
2429:Northern variants
2141:(December 2014).
2108:Nevaci, Manuela;
2080:978-606-16-0148-6
1965:(18th ed., 2015)
1890:Romance languages
1870:Balkan sprachbund
1796:Rhodope Mountains
1685:Romanian language
1314:
1313:
1161:
1160:
1135:
1104:
1039:
991:
955:
924:
878:
837:
606:Romanian language
510:Megleno-Romanians
461:
460:
359:Regulating bodies
321:Moldovan Cyrillic
316:Romanian Cyrillic
262:
261:
95:5,000 (2002)
84:Megleno-Romanians
16:(Redirected from
5293:
5226:
5225:
5119:Language contact
5082:Romanian Academy
5056:Romanian Braille
4884:Megleno-Romanian
4838:
4758:
4751:
4744:
4735:
4252:Judaeo-Aragonese
4241:Andalusi Romance
4094:Amazonic Spanish
3931:Western Asturian
3914:
3853:Franco-Provençal
3524:
3420:Comasco–Lecchese
3278:Emilian–Romagnol
3266:
3066:Regional Italian
3056:Italo-Australian
2983:
2905:Megleno-Romanian
2829:
2822:
2815:
2806:
2768:
2729:
2722:
2679:
2672:Megleno-Romanian
2616:
2519:
2433:
2426:
2389:Dialects of the
2383:
2376:
2369:
2360:
2339:
2322:
2273:Capidan, Theodor
2259:
2258:
2250:
2244:
2243:
2237:
2229:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2194:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2092:
2084:
2050:
2044:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2024:
1987:
1981:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1957:Megleno-Romanian
1954:
1948:
1946:Ethnologue entry
1943:
1923:
1914:
1847:
1840:
1830:
1823:
1814:
1807:
1774:
1769:(lemon); cf. DR
1768:
1761:
1754:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1667:
1661:
1651:
1644:
1632:(body); cf. Sl.
1631:
1624:
1609:
1603:
1596:
1586:
1580:
1573:
1563:
1557:
1550:
1523:
1516:
1509:
1497:
1490:
1483:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1419:
1412:
1405:
1384:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1346:
1336:
1335:
1308:
1303:
1287:
1282:
1275:
1261:
1256:
1249:
1242:
1237:
1223:
1218:
1209:
1204:
1173:
1155:
1148:
1131:
1122:
1113:
1100:
1082:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1035:
1029:
1019:
1012:
1005:
998:
987:
971:
964:
951:
940:
933:
920:
908:
901:
892:
885:
874:
867:
860:
851:
844:
833:
819:
810:
803:
750:
700:Northern Dobruja
688:Southern Dobruja
633:
623:
613:
602:Megleno-Romanian
487:
480:Megleno-Romanian
453:
446:
439:
401:Megleno-Romanian
364:Romanian Academy
264:
258:
243:Megleno-Romanian
232:
216:
209:
144:Megleno-Romanian
105:
49:
35:Megleno-Romanian
32:
21:
5301:
5300:
5296:
5295:
5294:
5292:
5291:
5290:
5241:
5240:
5239:
5234:
5214:
5188:
5150:
5114:
5060:
5036:Modern alphabet
5024:
5022:Modern Romanian
5018:Re-latinization
5010:Common Romanian
5002:Classical Latin
4989:
4893:
4857:
4836:
4767:
4762:
4732:
4727:
4694:
4678:
4656:Pannonian Latin
4642:African Romance
4625:
4578:
4509:
4502:
4440:Judeo-Provençal
4313:
4302:
4279:
4228:
4138:Chilean Chilote
4080:
3966:
3907:
3903:
3900:
3889:
3877:Moselle Romance
3844:
3693:Missouri French
3654:Franco-Ontarian
3529:
3518:
3511:
3251:
3216:
3193:Southern Latian
3096:
3061:Maltese Italian
2993:Central Italian
2977:
2970:
2965:Common Romanian
2881:
2865:Italo-Dalmatian
2843:
2833:
2803:
2798:
2796:
2780:
2755:
2741:
2717:
2705:
2691:
2674:
2662:
2640:
2634:Gopeš–Malovište
2609:
2597:
2581:
2577:
2567:
2549:
2533:
2506:
2483:
2454:
2419:
2411:
2408:Common Romanian
2400:Classical Latin
2393:
2387:
2337:
2334:Megleno-Romanii
2330:
2325:
2319:
2306:
2268:
2266:Further reading
2263:
2262:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2230:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2208:
2206:
2196:
2195:
2188:
2178:
2176:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2152:
2150:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2122:
2120:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2085:
2081:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2040:
2036:
2027:
2025:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1955:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1926:
1915:
1908:
1903:
1856:
1792:Theodor Capidan
1662:and Macedonian
1373:
1171:
772:
764:
748:
740:
664:North Macedonia
644:
598:
586:Common Romanian
554:
526:North Macedonia
457:
360:
281:
277:
254:
228:
212:
205:
195:
187:Common Romanian
167:
160:
136:Eastern Romance
121:Latino-Faliscan
106:
103:Language family
101:
92:
91:Native speakers
62:North Macedonia
30:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5299:
5297:
5289:
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5243:
5242:
5236:
5235:
5233:
5232:
5219:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5196:
5194:
5190:
5189:
5187:
5186:
5185:
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5158:
5156:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5122:
5120:
5116:
5115:
5113:
5112:
5107:
5100:
5099:
5098:
5091:
5079:
5074:
5068:
5066:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5032:
5030:
5026:
5025:
5000:
4998:
4991:
4990:
4988:
4987:
4982:
4981:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4960:
4959:
4958:
4953:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4901:
4899:
4895:
4894:
4892:
4891:
4889:Istro-Romanian
4886:
4881:
4876:
4869:
4867:
4863:
4862:
4859:
4858:
4856:
4855:
4850:
4844:
4842:
4835:
4834:
4833:
4832:
4827:
4817:
4812:
4811:
4810:
4805:
4795:
4790:
4789:
4788:
4777:
4775:
4769:
4768:
4763:
4761:
4760:
4753:
4746:
4738:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4725:
4718:
4709:
4699:
4696:
4695:
4693:
4692:
4686:
4684:
4680:
4679:
4677:
4676:
4675:
4674:
4669:
4659:
4652:
4645:
4637:
4635:
4631:
4630:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4623:
4622:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4595:
4586:
4584:
4580:
4579:
4577:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4544:
4543:
4542:
4537:
4527:
4526:
4525:
4514:
4512:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4500:
4499:
4498:
4497:
4496:
4482:
4481:
4480:
4475:
4465:
4464:
4463:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4407:
4397:
4396:
4395:
4394:
4393:
4388:
4380:
4375:
4372:Judaeo-Catalan
4368:
4367:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4355:
4354:
4349:
4339:
4331:
4318:
4316:
4308:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4294:
4287:
4285:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4276:
4275:
4261:
4256:
4255:
4254:
4244:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4229:
4227:
4226:
4219:
4218:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4201:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4179:
4178:
4161:
4160:
4159:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4142:
4141:
4140:
4127:Latin American
4123:
4118:
4106:
4104:Judaeo-Spanish
4101:
4096:
4090:
4088:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4071:
4070:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4058:
4057:
4045:
4044:
4043:
4031:
4026:
4019:
4007:
4000:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3982:
3976:
3974:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3964:
3957:
3952:
3951:
3950:
3940:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3922:
3920:
3911:
3895:
3894:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3872:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3825:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3775:
3774:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3755:
3750:
3733:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3697:
3696:
3695:
3690:
3689:
3688:
3678:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3650:
3649:
3644:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3599:
3594:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3571:
3570:
3565:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3534:
3532:
3521:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3507:
3497:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3417:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3373:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3290:
3274:
3272:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3247:Judaeo-Italian
3244:
3243:
3242:
3237:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3184:
3183:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3141:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3115:
3104:
3102:
3098:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3093:
3092:
3080:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3005:
2989:
2987:
2980:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2907:
2902:
2900:Istro-Romanian
2897:
2891:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2857:
2851:
2849:
2848:Major branches
2845:
2844:
2840:classification
2834:
2832:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2809:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2778:
2777:†Krko-Romanian
2774:
2772:
2771:†Krko-Romanian
2765:
2761:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2747:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2733:
2726:
2719:
2715:Istro-Romanian
2711:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2683:
2676:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2655:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2622:
2620:
2613:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2576:Romanian-based
2573:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2557:
2555:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2525:
2523:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2503:
2502:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2450:
2439:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2413:
2412:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2378:
2371:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2350:
2340:
2329:
2328:External links
2326:
2324:
2323:
2317:
2304:
2303:
2302:
2295:
2288:
2278:Meglenoromânii
2269:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2245:
2216:
2186:
2160:
2130:
2100:
2079:
2045:
2034:
1982:
1970:
1949:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1855:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1833:
1816:
1776:
1775:
1747:
1724:
1669:
1668:
1636:
1612:
1611:
1588:
1565:
1530:
1529:
1503:
1477:
1451:
1425:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1337:
1325:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1297:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1276:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1250:
1243:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1212:
1210:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1159:
1158:
1156:
1149:
1142:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1123:
1116:
1114:
1107:
1105:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1076:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1032:
1031:
1022:
1020:
1013:
1006:
999:
992:
985:
979:
978:
976:
974:
972:
965:
958:
956:
948:
947:
945:
943:
941:
934:
927:
925:
918:
912:
911:
909:
902:
895:
893:
886:
879:
871:
870:
868:
861:
854:
852:
845:
838:
831:
825:
824:
822:
820:
813:
811:
804:
797:
791:
790:
785:
780:
775:
768:
758:
753:
747:
744:
739:
736:
643:
640:
597:
594:
574:Istro-Romanian
553:
552:Classification
550:
540:group, and in
492:and sometimes
459:
458:
456:
455:
448:
441:
433:
430:
429:
428:
427:
422:
414:
413:
410:Istro-Romanian
405:
404:
396:
395:
394:
393:
385:
384:
376:
375:
374:
373:
372:
371:
366:
356:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
324:
323:
318:
307:
306:
305:
304:
293:
292:
286:
285:
271:
270:
260:
259:
252:
246:
245:
240:
234:
233:
226:
218:
217:
210:
202:
201:
200:Language codes
197:
196:
194:
193:
192:
191:
190:
189:
170:
168:
165:
162:
161:
159:
158:
157:
156:
155:
154:
153:
152:
151:
150:
149:
148:
147:
146:
109:
107:
100:
97:
96:
93:
90:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
55:
54:Native to
51:
50:
42:
41:
37:
36:
28:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5298:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5248:
5246:
5231:
5230:
5221:
5220:
5217:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5191:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5164:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5157:
5153:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5123:
5121:
5117:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5105:
5101:
5097:
5096:
5092:
5090:
5089:
5085:
5084:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5069:
5067:
5063:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5033:
5031:
5027:
5023:
5019:
5015:
5011:
5007:
5003:
4999:
4997:
4992:
4986:
4983:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4965:
4964:
4961:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4948:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4907:
4906:
4903:
4902:
4900:
4896:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4874:
4873:Daco-Romanian
4871:
4870:
4868:
4864:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4845:
4843:
4839:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4822:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4800:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4787:
4784:
4783:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4774:
4770:
4766:
4759:
4754:
4752:
4747:
4745:
4740:
4739:
4736:
4723:
4719:
4717:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4704:
4701:
4700:
4697:
4691:
4690:Proto-Romance
4688:
4687:
4685:
4683:Reconstructed
4681:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4657:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4649:British Latin
4646:
4644:
4643:
4639:
4638:
4636:
4632:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4593:
4592:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4581:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4548:
4545:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4532:
4531:
4528:
4524:
4521:
4520:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4511:
4505:
4495:
4494:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4469:
4468:Vivaro-Alpine
4466:
4462:
4459:
4458:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4437:
4433:
4432:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4401:
4398:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4373:
4369:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4320:
4319:
4317:
4315:
4309:
4298:
4295:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4274:
4273:
4272:Old Navarrese
4269:
4268:
4267:
4266:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4238:
4237:
4235:
4231:
4225:
4224:
4220:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4155:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4146:
4143:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4134:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4128:
4124:
4122:
4121:Equatoguinean
4119:
4117:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4111:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4087:
4083:
4077:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4051:
4050:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4037:
4036:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4008:
4006:
4005:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3991:
3988:
3987:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3977:
3975:
3973:
3969:
3963:
3962:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3949:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3919:
3915:
3912:
3909:
3902:
3896:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3879:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3847:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3830:
3829:
3826:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3773:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3748:
3744:
3743:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3707:
3703:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3691:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3606:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3575:Frainc-Comtou
3573:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3531:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3514:
3506:
3503:
3502:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3396:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3371:Judeo-Italian
3369:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3271:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3258:
3248:
3245:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3219:
3211:
3208:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3166:Castelmezzano
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3147:
3146:
3145:
3142:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3099:
3091:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3085:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3072:
3071:Swiss Italian
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3038:
3035:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2952:Transylvanian
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2911:Daco-Romanian
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2878:
2875:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2860:Italo-Western
2858:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2841:
2837:
2830:
2825:
2823:
2818:
2816:
2811:
2810:
2807:
2791:
2776:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2766:
2762:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2744:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2723:
2720:
2716:
2712:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2669:
2658:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2604:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2574:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2513:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2478:
2475:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2466:Transylvanian
2464:
2463:
2461:
2459:Transylvanian
2457:
2449:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2396:
2392:
2384:
2379:
2377:
2372:
2370:
2365:
2364:
2361:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2341:
2338:(in Romanian)
2335:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2320:
2318:38-9586-599-0
2314:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2282:
2281:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2256:
2249:
2246:
2241:
2235:
2227:
2220:
2217:
2204:
2200:
2193:
2191:
2187:
2175:
2171:
2164:
2161:
2148:
2144:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2104:
2101:
2096:
2090:
2082:
2076:
2072:
2069:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2038:
2035:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1978:Petrucci 1999
1974:
1971:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1942:
1940:
1936:
1929:
1920:
1913:
1911:
1907:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1853:
1848:
1846:
1839:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1822:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1806:
1801:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1773:
1767:
1762:
1760:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1739:
1737:
1730:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1714:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1682:
1681:Daco-Romanian
1678:
1674:
1666:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1643:
1637:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1608:
1602:
1597:
1595:
1589:
1585:
1579:
1574:
1572:
1566:
1562:
1556:
1551:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1538:Daco-Romanian
1535:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1515:
1508:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1489:
1482:
1478:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1437:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1411:
1404:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1388:
1383:
1377:
1370:
1341:
1338:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1310:
1307:
1302:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1248:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1203:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1168:
1163:
1162:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1000:
997:
993:
990:
986:
984:
980:
977:
975:
973:
970:
966:
963:
959:
957:
954:
950:
949:
946:
944:
942:
939:
935:
932:
928:
926:
923:
919:
917:
913:
910:
907:
903:
900:
896:
894:
891:
887:
884:
880:
877:
873:
872:
869:
866:
862:
859:
855:
853:
850:
846:
843:
839:
836:
832:
830:
826:
823:
821:
818:
814:
812:
809:
805:
802:
798:
796:
792:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
769:
767:
762:
759:
757:
754:
751:
745:
743:
737:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
696:Tulcea County
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
641:
639:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
603:
595:
593:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
551:
549:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
504:, similar to
503:
499:
495:
491:
486:
481:
473:
465:
454:
449:
447:
442:
440:
435:
434:
432:
431:
426:
423:
421:
418:
417:
416:
415:
412:
411:
406:
403:
402:
397:
392:
389:
388:
387:
386:
383:
382:
377:
370:
367:
365:
362:
361:
358:
357:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
322:
319:
317:
314:
313:
312:
309:
308:
303:
299:
298:
297:
296:
295:
294:
291:
287:
284:
280:
276:
273:
272:
269:
265:
257:
253:
251:
247:
244:
241:
239:
235:
231:
227:
225:
224:
219:
215:
211:
208:
203:
198:
188:
185:
184:
183:
182:Proto-Romance
180:
179:
178:
175:
174:
173:
169:
163:
145:
142:
141:
139:
138:
137:
134:
133:
132:
129:
128:
127:
124:
123:
122:
119:
118:
117:
114:
113:
112:
111:Indo-European
108:
104:
98:
94:
88:
85:
82:
78:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
56:
52:
48:
43:
38:
33:
27:
19:
5227:
5182:Timok Vlachs
5102:
5093:
5086:
5029:Written form
5014:Old Romanian
5006:Vulgar Latin
4883:
4820:Transylvania
4711:
4702:
4654:
4647:
4640:
4589:
4491:
4484:
4446:Languedocien
4438:
4431:Judeo-Gascon
4429:
4370:
4321:
4291:Barranquenho
4270:
4263:
4239:
4221:
4163:
4125:
4108:
4099:Extremaduran
4073:
4047:
4033:
4021:
4009:
4002:
3959:
3918:Asturleonese
3882:
3875:
3833:West Walloon
3821:Saintongeais
3769:
3745:
3741:Anglo-Norman
3699:
3632:Newfoundland
3592:Jersey Legal
3584:
3492:
3457:Southwestern
3440:Vallassinese
3329:Gallo-Picene
3270:Gallo-Italic
3232:
3148:
3143:
3082:
3048:
2963:
2909:
2904:
2671:
2404:Vulgar Latin
2308:
2298:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2254:
2248:
2225:
2219:
2207:. Retrieved
2203:diacronia.ro
2202:
2177:. Retrieved
2174:Academia.edu
2173:
2163:
2151:. Retrieved
2149:. p. 40
2147:Academia.edu
2146:
2133:
2121:. Retrieved
2118:diacronia.ro
2117:
2103:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:, capitolul
2057:
2054:
2048:
2037:
2026:. Retrieved
2002:
1985:
1980:, p. 4.
1973:
1960:
1952:
1880:Thraco-Roman
1842:
1825:
1809:
1777:
1763:, via Bulg.
1756:
1733:
1710:
1677:Modern Greek
1670:
1653:
1639:
1633:
1619:
1613:
1591:
1568:
1545:
1531:
1511:
1485:
1459:
1433:
1407:
1392:
1354:("we had"),
1315:
741:
702:) after the
645:
601:
599:
590:South Slavic
562:Roman Empire
555:
497:
493:
489:
479:
478:
408:
400:
399:
379:
250:Linguasphere
221:
177:Vulgar Latin
143:
26:
4994:Periods of
4978:profanities
4898:Linguistics
4773:Subdialects
4667:Campidanese
4493:Old Catalan
4486:Old Occitan
4223:Old Spanish
4157:Rioplatense
3961:Old Leonese
3789:Cotentinais
3753:Guernésiais
3676:Frenchville
3669:New England
3548:Bourbonnais
3500:Piedmontese
3494:Old Lombard
3386:Bergamasque
3310:Sammarinese
2209:14 February
2205:(in French)
2179:14 February
2153:14 February
2139:Kahl, Thede
2123:14 February
1610:(beautiful)
1581:; cf. Alb.
1558:; cf. Alb.
1366:("I bring")
1327:use of the
1096:Approximant
680:World War I
592:varieties.
536:by a small
166:Early forms
5245:Categories
4848:Gumuțeasca
4714:indicates
4672:Logudorese
4205:Philippine
4171:Andalusian
4165:Peninsular
4055:Estremenho
4011:Portuguese
3938:Cantabrian
3771:Law French
3763:Sercquiais
3597:Meridional
3558:Champenois
3553:Burgundian
3364:Tabarchino
3354:Monégasque
3293:Parmigiano
3150:Neapolitan
3123:Manduriano
3090:Florentine
2957:Wallachian
2927:Bukovinian
2659:Gramostean
2588:Gumuțeasca
2448:Bukovinian
2297:vol. III:
2068:, chapter
2028:2023-11-20
1962:Ethnologue
1930:References
1885:Daco-Roman
1835:Bulgarian
1818:Bulgarian
1784:Macedonian
1689:Macedonian
1564:(fir tree)
1455:monumentum
1371:Vocabulary
746:Consonants
710:region of
621:liumnicean
520:region of
498:Meglinitic
494:Moglenitic
490:Meglenitic
482:(known as
300:including
279:Substratum
5177:Moldovans
5162:Romanians
5126:Substrata
4985:Phonology
4879:Aromanian
4830:Maramureș
4781:Wallachia
4722:varieties
4705:indicate
4662:Sardinian
4619:Triestine
4567:Sursilvan
4478:Mentonasc
4456:Provençal
4405:Auvergnat
4391:Valencian
4347:Mallorcan
4337:Algherese
4312:Occitano-
4259:Navarrese
4247:Aragonese
4183:Castilian
4086:Castilian
4062:Uruguayan
4035:Brazilian
3998:Minderico
3992:/Eonavian
3955:Mirandese
3869:Valdôtain
3855:/Arpitan
3796:Orléanais
3747:Auregnais
3731:Mayennais
3681:Louisiana
3563:Ardennais
3543:Berrichon
3349:Intemelio
3305:Forlivese
3288:Bolognese
3234:Dalmatian
3198:Tarantino
3161:Benevento
3118:Salentino
3078:Sassarese
3042:Gallurese
3025:Romanesco
2978:Dalmatian
2942:Moldavian
2937:Maramureș
2895:Aromanian
2725:In Istria
2631:Muzachiar
2625:Farsherot
2607:Aromanian
2529:Muntenian
2522:Muntenian
2477:Maramureș
2443:Moldavian
2436:Moldavian
2290:vol. II:
2234:cite book
2089:cite book
2004:Glottolog
1919:Glottolog
1788:Bulgarian
1736:chirămidă
1706:prósfatos
1693:Bulgarian
1673:Byzantine
1410:bisearică
1340:apheresis
1229:Close-mid
989:voiceless
983:Fricative
922:voiceless
916:Affricate
835:voiceless
738:Phonology
672:Gevgelija
656:Macedonia
600:The term
582:Aromanian
568:, modern
566:Aromanian
522:Macedonia
506:Aromanian
381:Aromanian
348:Phonology
256:51-AAD-bb
223:Glottolog
207:ISO 639-3
172:Old Latin
80:Ethnicity
5229:Category
5172:diaspora
4949:Former:
4853:Totoiana
4803:Bukovina
4798:Moldavia
4598:Venetian
4572:Vallader
4562:Surmiran
4535:Cadorino
4518:Friulian
4451:Limousin
4420:Béarnese
4382:Western
4364:Northern
4352:Menorcan
4342:Balearic
4333:Eastern
4329:dialects
4188:Castrapo
4145:Peruvian
4116:dialects
4049:European
4017:dialects
4004:Portugis
3985:Galician
3926:Asturian
3864:Savoyard
3816:Poitevin
3784:Cauchois
3758:Jèrriais
3605:Canadian
3484:Varesino
3479:Ticinese
3467:Novarese
3462:Cremunés
3452:Ossolano
3447:Milanese
3435:Lecchese
3403:Brianzöö
3334:Ligurian
3300:Romagnol
3181:Arianese
3176:Irpinian
3171:Cilentan
3135:Pantesco
3130:Sicilian
3101:Southern
3037:Corsican
3013:Macerata
3008:Fabriano
2947:Oltenian
2917:dialects
2877:Southern
2746:Southern
2738:Northern
2732:Northern
2718:dialects
2702:Southern
2696:Southern
2688:Northern
2682:Northern
2675:dialects
2654:Olympian
2651:Pindean
2645:Southern
2619:Northern
2611:dialects
2593:Totoiana
2545:Oltenian
2538:Oltenian
2421:dialects
2417:Romanian
2283:vol. I:
2112:(2014).
1854:See also
1849:(forest)
1841:> MR
1828:niveastă
1824:> MR
1821:neviasta
1808:> MR
1755:> MR
1743:cărămidă
1732:> MR
1729:keramídi
1720:proaspăt
1713:proaspit
1709:> MR
1659:stopanin
1534:Albanian
1510:> MR
1484:> MR
1474:monument
1458:> MR
1432:> MR
1422:basilica
1417:biserică
1406:> MR
1403:basilica
1267:Open-mid
773:alveolar
766:Alveolar
732:Gudurica
626:Liumnița
578:Romanian
570:Romanian
485:vlăhește
420:Alphabet
391:Alphabet
311:Alphabet
302:Moldovan
290:Romanian
230:megl1237
47:vlăhește
5077:Junimea
4920:numbers
4905:Grammar
4825:Crișana
4793:Dobruja
4786:Oltenia
4703:Italics
4604:Chipilo
4547:Romansh
4510:Romance
4508:Rhaeto-
4473:Gardiol
4425:Landese
4415:Aranese
4400:Occitan
4359:Central
4323:Catalan
4314:Romance
4215:Creoles
4210:Saharan
4198:Murcian
4176:Llanito
4133:Chilean
4110:Spanish
4067:Creoles
4041:Mineiro
4023:African
3948:Riberan
3943:Leonese
3908:Iberian
3901:Romance
3828:Walloon
3801:Paydret
3779:Augeron
3719:Vosgien
3714:Gaumais
3709:Lorrain
3701:Creoles
3664:Muskrat
3610:Acadian
3538:Angevin
3528:Langues
3519:Romance
3425:Comasco
3398:Western
3391:Cremish
3381:Eastern
3376:Lombard
3344:Genoese
3339:Brigasc
3283:Emilian
3261:Western
3240:Istriot
3203:Vastese
3188:Molisan
3050:Italian
2986:Central
2932:Crișana
2887:Eastern
2870:Western
2855:Eastern
2764:†In Krk
2554:†Dician
2471:Crișana
2009:Leipzig
1832:(bride)
1746:(brick)
1723:(fresh)
1697:Balkans
1654:stopanŭ
1601:bucuros
1594:bucuros
1481:strigis
1469:mormânt
1462:murmint
1184:Central
1133:central
1102:lateral
788:Glottal
778:Palatal
712:Romania
684:Romania
634:("from
624:("from
530:Romania
514:Moglena
425:Grammar
343:Numbers
328:Grammar
131:Romance
66:Romania
5193:Others
5167:origin
4634:Others
4614:Talian
4609:Fiuman
4583:Others
4523:Fornes
4461:Niçard
4410:Gascon
4378:Patuet
4284:Others
4193:Castúo
3899:Ibero-
3859:Faetar
3806:Picard
3736:Norman
3724:Welche
3647:Magoua
3637:Quebec
3627:Brayon
3586:French
3568:Rémois
3517:Gallo-
3472:Pavese
3430:Laghée
3408:Canzés
3359:Royasc
3221:Others
3156:Barese
3084:Tuscan
3030:Sabino
3003:Ancona
2976:Italo-
2562:Dician
2500:Boyash
2315:
2077:
1772:lămâie
1759:limonă
1752:lemoni
1665:stopan
1649:stăpân
1642:stăpon
1622:stăpân
1587:(colt)
1526:dragon
1334:pǫ́nză
1169:Vowels
1037:voiced
953:voiced
876:voiced
761:Dental
756:Labial
728:Serbia
716:Muslim
676:Skopje
660:Greece
652:Kilkis
631:umineț
628:") or
542:Serbia
538:Muslim
534:Turkey
116:Italic
74:Serbia
70:Turkey
58:Greece
4915:verbs
4910:nouns
4815:Banat
4557:Putèr
4552:Jauer
4540:Nones
4530:Ladin
4029:Asian
3686:Houma
3659:Métis
3642:Joual
3615:Chiac
3580:Gallo
3530:d'oïl
2922:Banat
2495:Banat
2488:Banat
2063:[
1922:from.
1901:Notes
1766:limon
1740:; DR
1717:; DR
1646:; DR
1634:trupŭ
1626:; DR
1607:bukur
1598:; DR
1575:; DR
1561:bredh
1552:; DR
1540:too:
1518:, DR
1507:draco
1495:strig
1492:, DR
1488:strig
1466:, DR
1448:light
1440:, DR
1429:lumen
1414:, DR
1395:Latin
1345:aveam
1320:are:
1196:Close
1179:Front
1072:Trill
795:Nasal
783:Velar
771:Post-
720:Nânti
708:Banat
692:Cerna
686:, in
648:Pella
616:Vlach
532:, in
518:Greek
353:Lexis
338:Verbs
333:Nouns
126:Latin
4712:Bold
4297:Caló
3980:Fala
3906:West
2313:ISBN
2240:link
2211:2024
2181:2024
2155:2024
2125:2024
2095:link
2075:ISBN
1845:goră
1838:gora
1812:drob
1805:drob
1786:and
1749:Gr.
1726:Gr.
1703:Gr.
1691:and
1675:and
1629:trup
1578:mânz
1571:monz
1555:brad
1548:brad
1521:drac
1514:drac
1443:lume
1436:lumi
1387:Huma
1357:aduc
1351:veam
1293:Open
1189:Back
829:Stop
674:and
668:Huma
650:and
638:").
611:vlaș
596:Name
580:and
572:and
524:and
2017:doi
1959:at
1638:MR
1618:MR
1590:MR
1584:mës
1567:MR
1544:MR
1500:owl
1363:duc
969:d͡ʒ
962:d͡z
938:t͡ʃ
931:t͡s
694:in
636:Uma
496:or
238:ELP
214:ruq
5247::
5020:→
5016:→
5012:→
5008:→
5004:→
4951:D̦
2406:→
2402:→
2275:,
2236:}}
2232:{{
2189:^
2172:.
2145:.
2091:}}
2087:{{
2015:.
2011::
2007:.
2001:.
1938:^
1909:^
1528:")
1502:")
1476:")
1450:")
1424:")
1360:→
1348:→
1306:aː
1285:ɔː
1259:oː
1240:eː
1221:uː
1207:iː
1030:)
734:.
658:,
614:("
548:.
72:,
68:,
64:,
60:,
4956:Ŭ
4945:Ț
4940:Ș
4935:Î
4930:Â
4925:Ă
4757:e
4750:t
4743:v
3910:)
3904:(
2842:)
2838:(
2828:e
2821:t
2814:v
2795:*
2580:*
2560:†
2382:e
2375:t
2368:v
2349:)
2321:.
2242:)
2213:.
2183:.
2157:.
2127:.
2097:)
2083:.
2031:.
2019::
1683:(
1301:a
1280:ɔ
1273:ɛ
1254:o
1247:ə
1235:e
1216:u
1202:i
1153:w
1146:j
1120:ʎ
1111:l
1080:r
1058:ʒ
1051:z
1044:v
1027:h
1024:(
1017:ç
1010:ʃ
1003:s
996:f
906:ɡ
899:ɟ
890:d
883:b
865:k
858:c
849:t
842:p
817:ɲ
808:n
801:m
763:/
698:(
452:e
445:t
438:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.