2730:
2740:
269:
19 years later. Reliu lost a court battle to be declared alive in March of 2018, but the decision was reversed three months later when the courts declared him alive. Donald E. Miller Jr. remains legally dead because the state of Ohio has no legal means for reversing a declaration of death, and Jeanne
Pouchain of France was still fighting to be legally recognized as alive in 2021.
268:
Reversing an incorrect declaration of death can be a time-consuming and difficult process. Whether a victim of fraud or an honest error, it often takes many years to reverse a fraudulent death declaration, and at times it never happens. Bihari didn't get his declaration of death reversed until 1994,
368:
Deciding on which criteria to follow for determining brain death is still heavily debated today. Whole-brain criteria are the standard most countries follow including the United States. Under the whole-brain death criteria, all functions of the brain including the brainstem must be ceased. The
211:
man named Donald E. Miller Jr. who was declared legally dead in 1994 resurfaced and sued to be declared alive. However, the local court declined and ruled he was still legally dead because Ohio state law does not allow reversing legal declarations of death if more than three years have passed.
351:
There are a few controversies surrounding the topic of legal death among health professionals and the general public. The main issues argued amongst bioethicists include but are not limited to; non-heart-beating organ donation, the criteria for determining death for adults versus infants, and
161:
In some cases, a person will be declared dead even without any remains or doctor's declaration. This is under one of two circumstances. First, if a person was known to be in mortal peril when last seen, they can often be declared dead shortly after. Examples would be the passengers of the
810:
Confirmatory tests can be classified into two categories: confirmation of loss of electrical activity (electroencephalography or somatosensory-evoked potentials) and demonstration of loss of cerebral blood flow (cerebral angiography, transcranial doppler ultrasonography, or cerebral
168:
that were not rescued after the ship sank. Second, if a person has not been seen for a certain period of time and there has been no evidence that they are alive. The amount of time that has passed varies by jurisdiction, from as little as four years in the
260:. Such a person loses all rights normally granted to a person. In jurisdictions that practiced civil death, it was legal to kill such a person, since they were not legally recognized as alive anymore, and therefore their killing not considered a murder.
127:
in absence of factors known to produce reversible loss of brain function. Unlike cardiopulmonary death which sometimes involves a decision not to resuscitate the heart, brain death is a determination that the brain biologically cannot be resuscitated.
215:
In 2016, Frenchwoman Jeanne
Pouchain was erroneously declared dead by a French court of appeal hearing an employment dispute. The error was upheld in court in 2017. As of 2021, Pouchain was still fighting to be legally recognized as alive.
81:
Most legal determinations of death in the developed world are made by medical professionals who pronounce death when specific criteria are met. Two categories of legal death are death determined by irreversible cessation of heartbeat
671:
For this reason, many have argued that the word "irreversible" in this context should be understood to mean "cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions under conditions in which those functions cannot return on their own and
239:
At times, people declare other people dead for their own benefit. For instance, In India, several people have been falsely and fraudulently declared dead by family members wishing to steal land and other property. The best known is
728:
There is uniform agreement on the clinical neurological examination to evaluate absence of brain function. This examination includes the assessment of coma, the absence of brain reflexes, and the assessment of
757:
However, barbiturate coma, metabolic dysfunction (e.g. hepatic encephalopathy), severe hypothermia (temperature < 18°C), and other confounding factors may also produce cerebral electric silence on
193:
Sometimes people who are declared dead return and are unable to be declared alive. One study estimated that every year, the U.S. Social
Security Administration declares 12,200 alive citizens as dead.
98:. States that do not recognize "irreversible cessation of all function of the entire brain, including the brainstem" to be death include Arizona, Illinois, Iowa, Louisiana, North Carolina, and Texas.
369:
brainstem criteria differs from the whole-brain formulation, in that only the brainstem function is ceased. The brainstem is responsible for breathing and carrying out somatic regulatory functions.
962:
1228:
360:
Non-heart-beating organ donation or NHBD is the procurement of organs after cardiac death. Cardiac death is determined after a patient has suffered cardiac arrest for two to five minutes.
285:, depending on jurisdiction, to both determine manner and cause of death, and if necessary, identify bodies when their identities are unknown. Manner of death is usually classified as
119:. Brain death is determined by there being no signs of brain function during neurological examination of a person with a beating heart. Confirmatory tests document either no
323:
In nearly all jurisdictions, dead people do not have the right to own property. When a person dies, their property needs to be distributed to others in a process called
109:
order. In the latter case, irreversible is understood to mean that heartbeat and breathing cannot return on their own and will not be restored by medical intervention.
1330:
200:
man living in Turkey, lost contact with his family. His wife had a court declare him dead in 2016, after having no contact with him since July 1999, shortly before a
1051:
256:
Historically, those who have committed crimes or other wrongs against the state have been declared legally dead despite being obviously alive. This is known as
872:
245:
1719:
1026:
1158:
1780:
1744:
1104:
305:
if the death was during military service. There are legal implications to all of the classifications. For example, a homicide may be ruled a
986:
1714:
1182:
185:
There are three general categories where people may be falsely declared dead: by mistake, because of fraud, or as punishment for a crime.
2016:
920:
1749:
750:
95:
1724:
664:
2764:
2252:
1704:
1394:
41:
that a person is no longer alive. In most cases, a doctor's declaration of death (variously called) or the identification of a
1004:
1800:
1478:
331:. If there is no will, the laws of their country determine how the property is distributed. In most cases, it would go to
1075:
2278:
1822:
1729:
1696:
244:, who was fraudulently declared dead by family members, and was legally dead between 1975 and 1994. Bihari founded the
101:
Cardiopulmonary criteria for death are met when a physician determines that efforts to restart a stopped heart during
1734:
2769:
50:
2101:
1971:
201:
135:
person has suffered injuries so severe that resuscitation is obviously impossible, then in some jurisdictions
339:
or adult child. If the person who died is wealthy, often a portion of their property will be collected by an
2579:
2574:
2502:
2424:
1709:
65:
may be issued. Such death certificate may be required in a number of legal situations, such as applying for
963:"A Romanian court has ruled that a man is dead, even though he's clearly alive – and the decision is final"
83:
2614:
2507:
2247:
2153:
2118:
1739:
1550:
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116:
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1441:
500:
2774:
2609:
2462:
2351:
2313:
2303:
2069:
1436:
1122:
Chin, Gabriel J. (2012). "The New Civil Death: Rethinking
Punishment in the Era of Mass Conviction".
945:
306:
229:
170:
156:
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2534:
1834:
1575:
1555:
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1387:
896:
120:
656:
Controversies in the
Determination of Death: A White Paper by the President's Council on Bioethics
105:
are futile, or that no attempt should be made to restart a stopped heart, such as when there is a
2715:
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2519:
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1829:
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1303:
1139:
579:
414:
328:
106:
2387:
389:
Lewis, Ariane (2017). "Shouldn't Dead Be Dead?: The Search for a
Uniform Definition of Death".
94:, each state has laws for determining these two categories of death that are modeled after the
2703:
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2482:
2326:
2308:
1941:
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62:
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for a sufficiently long period of time (typically at least several years) may be presumed or
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17:
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140:
136:
70:
2190:
277:
Determining manner of death often has important legal implications. Governments elect a
2733:
2457:
2288:
2049:
1984:
1817:
1795:
1672:
1620:
1380:
1255:
796:
771:
714:
689:
631:
598:
432:
Gorman, W. F. (January 1985). "Medical diagnosis versus legal determination of death".
132:
102:
58:
46:
1052:"'They said I don't exist. But I am here': one woman's battle to prove she isn't dead"
2758:
2492:
2477:
2434:
2346:
2180:
2158:
2034:
2001:
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1868:
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286:
139:
may make a legal determination of cardiopulmonary death. Such a person is said to be
91:
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2197:
2185:
2044:
1951:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1806:
1657:
1637:
1580:
1565:
1456:
1183:"'A Duty to Die?' STS class ponders life-and-death bioethics – The Miscellany News"
418:
38:
516:
475:
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2659:
2629:
2584:
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2544:
2524:
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2006:
1642:
1608:
1540:
1518:
1513:
1503:
332:
257:
225:
163:
112:
87:
224:
In some cases, a legal declaration of death is fraudulent. Several people have
2634:
2604:
2569:
2539:
2512:
2414:
2242:
2202:
2054:
2011:
1989:
1956:
1652:
1570:
1528:
1508:
1418:
787:
705:
340:
241:
86:), and death determined by irreversible cessation of functions of the brain (
2392:
1346:
1299:
1204:""Non-Heart-Beating," or "Cardiac Death," Organ Donation: Why We Should Care"
1203:
1135:
850:
622:
567:
453:
402:
2679:
2674:
2639:
2429:
2321:
2106:
2059:
1996:
1961:
1936:
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2708:
2257:
1354:
1264:
1245:
858:
805:
723:
640:
575:
532:
410:
1315:
1278:
Bernat, James L. (1998). "A Defense of the Whole-Brain
Concept of Death".
461:
2654:
2624:
2175:
2163:
2096:
1924:
1593:
1560:
1446:
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524:
2691:
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1852:
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1603:
1483:
1307:
501:"The clinical definition of death and the legal implications for staff"
324:
318:
298:
278:
197:
66:
445:
2644:
2341:
2111:
1979:
1903:
1545:
336:
42:
1291:
921:"Inside the World of Investigators Who Know You've Faked Your Death"
1229:"Truthfulness in Transplantation: Non-heart-beating Organ Donation"
741:
Wilson, William C.; Grande, Christopher M.; Hoyt, David B. (2007).
45:
is a legal requirement for such recognition. A person who has been
2227:
2207:
2148:
1946:
1403:
1331:"Controversies in defining and determining death in critical care"
1159:"Romanian man proves he's alive as court annuls death certificate"
174:
54:
1027:"French woman spends three years trying to prove she is not dead"
327:. People can specify their wishes before they die by preparing a
1105:"Azamgarh Journal; Back to Life in India, Without Reincarnation"
599:"Definitions of death: brain death and what matters in a person"
208:
1376:
823:
Gardiner, D.; Shemie, S.; Manara, A.; Opdam, H. (2012-01-01).
34:
228:
for various reasons. The most common reasons for this are to
1076:"Playing a risky game: people who fake death for big money"
873:"Why Hospitals And Families Still Struggle To Define Death"
27:
Recognition under the law that a person is no longer alive
1372:
352:
whole-brain versus higher-brain versus brainstem death.
301:, pending or undetermined. A soldier is often listed as
204:. His wife assumed that he had died in the earthquake.
946:"What It's Like to be Declared Dead by the Government"
825:"International perspective on the diagnosis of death"
476:"Legal Death Law and Legal Definition | USLegal, Inc"
115:
determinations are made in cases where breathing is
2450:
2380:
2266:
2220:
2082:
1970:
1912:
1861:
1850:
1843:
1758:
1695:
1417:
1410:
1005:"Declared Legally Dead, as He Sat Before the Judge"
364:
Whole-brain vs. higher-brain vs. brainstem criteria
1020:
1018:
772:"Imaging tests in determination of brain death"
690:"Imaging tests in determination of brain death"
546:Haupt, W. F.; Höfling, W. (November 2002). "".
1233:Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine
987:"Man Says He's Not Dead. Court Doesn't Buy It"
1388:
8:
1157:Services, Compiled from Wire (2018-07-04).
1858:
1847:
1414:
1395:
1381:
1373:
1254:
1244:
840:
795:
713:
630:
1667:
745:(1st ed.). CRC Press. p. 133.
57:. When a death has been registered in a
548:Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie
378:
69:, claiming some benefits, or making an
676:be restored by medical interventions."
248:to help others in similar situations.
1745:List of ways people dishonor the dead
1124:University of Pennsylvania Law Review
1098:
1096:
998:
996:
980:
978:
957:
955:
391:Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics
7:
384:
382:
829:BJA: British Journal of Anaesthesia
659:. bioethics.gov. 2008. p. 84.
1750:List of ways people honor the dead
1365:– via Gale Academic OneFile.
1267:– via Gale Academic OneFile.
603:Journal of Law and the Biosciences
96:Uniform Determination of Death Act
25:
1781:Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality
2738:
2729:
2728:
770:van der Lugt A (November 2010).
688:van der Lugt A (November 2010).
356:Non-heart-beating organ donation
2739:
985:Dwyer, Colin (March 16, 2018).
1:
1801:Maternal mortality in fiction
1329:Bernat, James (Winter 2013).
1003:Schwartz, John (2013-10-11).
517:10.12968/bjon.2004.13.7.12684
33:is the recognition under the
1715:Expressions related to death
1668:Medical declaration of death
1103:Bearak, Barry (2000-10-24).
1050:Willsher, Kim (2021-07-03).
1025:Willsher, Kim (2021-01-12).
434:Journal of Forensic Sciences
1735:Preventable causes of death
18:Medical definition of death
2791:
1280:The Hastings Center Report
897:"Presumption of Death Act"
597:Sarbey, Ben (2016-11-20).
505:British Journal of Nursing
316:
246:Association of Dead People
236:or to avoid paying debts.
202:major earthquake in Turkey
154:
2724:
2102:Consciousness after death
2025:
1589:
788:10.1007/s00234-010-0765-7
706:10.1007/s00234-010-0765-7
125:brain electrical activity
2503:Personification of death
1725:People by cause of death
1347:10.1038/nrneurol.2013.12
1335:Nature Reviews Neurology
499:Dimond, Bridgit (2004).
403:10.1177/1073110517703105
107:Do Not Resuscitate (DNR)
2580:Death-positive movement
2425:Post-mortem photography
1705:Causes of death by rate
1633:Death by natural causes
1227:Potts, Michael (2007).
480:definitions.uslegal.com
234:avoid capture by police
230:collect insurance money
121:blood flow to the brain
2765:Legal aspects of death
2615:Fascination with death
2253:Reincarnation research
2248:Out-of-body experience
1710:Notable deaths by year
1551:Immunogenic cell death
1467:Temporal lobe necrosis
1246:10.1186/1747-5341-2-17
226:faked their own deaths
2420:Post-mortem chemistry
2233:Near-death experience
2129:Desecration of graves
2065:Postmortem caloricity
2030:Beating heart cadaver
1474:Programmed cell death
1442:Liquefactive necrosis
743:Trauma: Critical Care
141:dead on arrival (DOA)
117:supported by machines
84:cardiopulmonary death
51:declared legally dead
2610:Festival of the Dead
2508:Dying-and-rising god
2463:Chinese burial money
2352:Prohibition of dying
2304:Death-qualified jury
2070:Post-mortem interval
1730:Premature obituaries
1437:Coagulative necrosis
835:(suppl_1): i14–i28.
560:10.1055/s-2002-35178
307:justifiable homicide
196:Constantin Reliu, a
157:Presumption of death
2670:Philosophy of death
2535:Death from laughter
1835:Perinatal mortality
1576:Mitotic catastrophe
1556:Ischemic cell death
1499:Intrinsic apoptosis
1447:Gangrenous necrosis
173:to twenty years in
171:US state of Georgia
77:Medical declaration
2716:Thanatosensitivity
2620:Hierarchy of death
2560:Death notification
2468:Coins for the dead
2400:Forensic pathology
2284:Capital punishment
2238:Near-death studies
1830:Mortality salience
1462:Fibrinoid necrosis
1432:Avascular necrosis
1109:The New York Times
1082:. 5 September 2017
1009:The New York Times
842:10.1093/bja/aer397
615:10.1093/jlb/lsw054
329:will and testament
181:False declarations
2770:Legal terminology
2752:
2751:
2488:Death anniversary
2483:Death and culture
2327:Dying declaration
2309:Death certificate
2216:
2215:
2078:
2077:
1930:Neuropreservation
1720:Natural disasters
1691:
1690:
968:Independent.co.uk
446:10.1520/JFS10975J
145:dead at the scene
63:death certificate
16:(Redirected from
2782:
2742:
2741:
2732:
2731:
2712:
2697:Assisted suicide
2595:Death trajectory
2410:Mortuary science
2405:Funeral director
2396:
2362:Suspicious death
2134:Eternal oblivion
1920:Cryopreservation
1859:
1848:
1786:Infant mortality
1776:Excess mortality
1678:Terminal illness
1663:Lazarus syndrome
1648:End-of-life care
1599:Accidental death
1452:Caseous necrosis
1415:
1397:
1390:
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1191:
1190:
1185:. 3 October 2019
1179:
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1170:
1169:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1130:(6): 1789–1833.
1119:
1113:
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1100:
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1087:
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1063:
1062:
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1038:
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1000:
991:
990:
989:– via NPR.
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537:
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496:
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487:
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472:
466:
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429:
423:
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386:
303:killed in action
283:medical examiner
137:first responders
37:of a particular
21:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2720:
2706:
2650:Museum of Death
2600:Dignified death
2555:Death messenger
2530:Death education
2446:
2390:
2376:
2314:Declared death
2262:
2212:
2169:Online mourning
2074:
2040:Cadaveric spasm
2021:
1966:
1908:
1899:Skeletonization
1839:
1771:Child mortality
1766:Birthday effect
1754:
1687:
1683:Unnatural death
1614:Brainstem death
1585:
1524:Pseudoapoptosis
1406:
1401:
1371:
1370:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1292:10.2307/3527567
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1080:www.cbsnews.com
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822:
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782:(11): 945–947.
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768:
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753:
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739:
735:
700:(11): 945–947.
687:
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667:
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596:
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591:
554:(11): 583–590.
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133:clinically dead
79:
71:insurance claim
53:, usually by a
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2458:Apparent death
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2439:
2438:
2437:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2289:Cause of death
2286:
2281:
2279:Administration
2276:
2270:
2268:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2194:
2193:
2188:
2178:
2173:
2172:
2171:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2099:
2094:
2088:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2050:Death erection
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1985:Natural burial
1976:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1927:
1916:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1865:
1863:
1856:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1826:
1825:
1818:Mortality rate
1815:
1810:
1803:
1798:
1796:Maternal death
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1762:
1760:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1740:Unusual deaths
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1701:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1686:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1673:Organ donation
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1628:
1621:Clinical death
1618:
1617:
1616:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1423:
1421:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1392:
1385:
1377:
1369:
1368:
1321:
1270:
1219:
1195:
1174:
1149:
1114:
1092:
1067:
1042:
1014:
992:
974:
951:
948:. 8 June 2015.
937:
912:
888:
864:
815:
811:scintigraphy).
776:Neuroradiology
762:
752:978-0824729202
751:
733:
694:Neuroradiology
680:
665:
646:
609:(3): 743–752.
589:
538:
511:(7): 391–393.
491:
467:
440:(1): 150–157.
424:
397:(1): 112–128.
377:
376:
374:
371:
365:
362:
357:
354:
348:
345:
317:Main article:
314:
311:
274:
271:
265:
262:
253:
250:
221:
218:
190:
187:
182:
179:
155:Main article:
152:
149:
103:cardiac arrest
78:
75:
59:civil registry
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2787:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2745:
2737:
2735:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2717:
2714:
2710:
2705:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2493:Death anxiety
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2478:Darwin Awards
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2436:
2435:Biostratinomy
2433:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2394:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2347:Necropolitics
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2183:
2182:
2181:Reincarnation
2179:
2177:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2084:Other aspects
2081:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2035:Body donation
2033:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2002:Dismemberment
2000:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1947:Mummification
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1905:
1904:Fossilization
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1894:Decomposition
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1869:Pallor mortis
1867:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1849:
1846:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1757:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1627:
1624:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1398:
1393:
1391:
1386:
1384:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1341:(3): 164–73.
1340:
1336:
1332:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1274:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1223:
1220:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1196:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1164:
1160:
1153:
1150:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1118:
1115:
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1106:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1081:
1077:
1071:
1068:
1057:
1053:
1046:
1043:
1032:
1028:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1010:
1006:
999:
997:
993:
988:
981:
979:
975:
971:. 2018-03-18.
970:
969:
964:
958:
956:
952:
947:
941:
938:
926:
922:
916:
913:
902:
901:www.bclaws.ca
898:
892:
889:
878:
874:
868:
865:
860:
856:
852:
848:
843:
838:
834:
830:
826:
819:
816:
812:
807:
803:
798:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
766:
763:
759:
754:
748:
744:
737:
734:
730:
725:
721:
716:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
684:
681:
677:
675:
668:
666:9781437921878
662:
658:
657:
650:
647:
642:
638:
633:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
593:
590:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
542:
539:
534:
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
495:
492:
481:
477:
471:
468:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
428:
425:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
385:
383:
379:
372:
370:
363:
361:
355:
353:
346:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
320:
312:
310:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
281:or appoint a
280:
273:Investigation
272:
270:
263:
261:
259:
251:
249:
247:
243:
237:
235:
231:
227:
219:
217:
213:
210:
205:
203:
199:
194:
188:
186:
180:
178:
176:
172:
167:
166:
158:
150:
148:
146:
142:
138:
134:
129:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
108:
104:
99:
97:
93:
92:United States
89:
85:
76:
74:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
19:
2590:Death threat
2473:Dark tourism
2415:Necrobiology
2357:Right to die
2336:
2315:
2274:Abortion law
2198:Resurrection
2186:Palingenesis
2083:
2045:Coffin birth
1952:Plastination
1913:Preservation
1889:Putrefaction
1884:Rigor mortis
1879:Algor mortis
1874:Livor mortis
1851:
1807:Memento mori
1805:
1658:Lazarus sign
1638:Death rattle
1581:Suicide gene
1566:Karyorrhexis
1457:Fat necrosis
1338:
1334:
1324:
1286:(2): 14–23.
1283:
1279:
1273:
1236:
1232:
1222:
1211:. Retrieved
1207:
1198:
1187:. Retrieved
1177:
1166:. Retrieved
1162:
1152:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1108:
1084:. Retrieved
1079:
1070:
1059:. Retrieved
1056:the Guardian
1055:
1045:
1034:. Retrieved
1031:the Guardian
1030:
1008:
966:
940:
929:. Retrieved
927:. 2019-08-26
925:MEL Magazine
924:
915:
904:. Retrieved
900:
891:
880:. Retrieved
876:
867:
832:
828:
818:
809:
779:
775:
765:
756:
742:
736:
727:
697:
693:
683:
673:
670:
655:
649:
606:
602:
592:
551:
547:
541:
525:10822/991192
508:
504:
494:
483:. Retrieved
479:
470:
437:
433:
427:
394:
390:
367:
359:
350:
335:, such as a
322:
276:
267:
255:
238:
223:
214:
207:In 2013, an
206:
195:
192:
184:
164:
160:
144:
130:
111:
100:
80:
39:jurisdiction
30:
29:
2775:Medical law
2707: [
2665:Necrophobia
2660:Necrophilia
2630:Immortality
2585:Death squad
2565:Death panel
2550:Death march
2545:Death knell
2525:Death drive
2498:Death deity
2442:Thanatology
2391: [
2337:Legal death
2316:in absentia
2294:Civil death
2139:Examination
2124:Crematorium
2007:Excarnation
1844:After death
1643:Dysthanasia
1609:Brain death
1541:Autoschizis
1519:Phenoptosis
1514:Parthanatos
1504:Necroptosis
1411:In medicine
1163:Daily Sabah
333:next of kin
258:civil death
151:Presumption
113:Brain death
90:). In the
88:brain death
31:Legal death
2759:Categories
2635:Last rites
2605:Extinction
2575:Death pose
2570:Death poem
2540:Death hoax
2520:Death camp
2513:Psychopomp
2388:Death tech
2243:Necromancy
2221:Paranormal
2203:Underworld
2055:Dissection
2017:Resomation
2012:Promession
1990:Sky burial
1957:Prosection
1942:Maceration
1653:Euthanasia
1571:Karyolysis
1529:Pyroptosis
1509:Paraptosis
1419:Cell death
1213:2019-10-04
1189:2019-10-04
1168:2021-04-23
1086:2019-10-04
1061:2021-07-05
1036:2021-01-12
931:2019-10-04
906:2019-10-04
882:2019-10-04
485:2019-10-04
373:References
341:estate tax
291:accidental
242:Lal Bihari
220:Fraudulent
2680:Sacrifice
2675:Predation
2640:Longevity
2430:Taphonomy
2367:Trust law
2322:Death row
2107:Afterlife
2060:Gibbeting
1997:Cremation
1962:Taxidermy
1937:Embalming
1813:Micromort
1759:Mortality
1536:Autolysis
1494:Autophagy
1489:Apoptosis
1300:0093-0334
1136:0041-9907
851:0007-0912
623:2053-9711
584:260156168
568:0720-4299
454:0022-1198
347:Bioethics
264:Reversals
2734:Category
2704:Thanabot
2655:Necronym
2625:Homicide
2176:Obituary
2164:Mourning
2154:Internet
2097:Cemetery
1972:Disposal
1925:Cryonics
1594:Abortion
1561:Pyknosis
1427:Necrosis
1363:12296259
1355:23419370
1265:17718917
1208:Medscape
1144:41511317
859:22194427
806:20820765
724:20820765
674:will not
641:28852554
576:12410428
533:15150479
411:28661278
295:homicide
252:Punitive
198:Romanian
189:Mistaken
123:, or no
2744:Outline
2692:Suicide
2332:Inquest
2299:Coroner
2191:Saṃsāra
2159:Midwife
2144:Funeral
2119:Customs
2092:Carrion
1791:Karoshi
1604:Autopsy
1484:Anoikis
1316:9589289
1308:3527567
1256:2000872
877:NPR.org
797:2952109
715:2952109
632:5570697
462:3981105
419:4388540
325:probate
319:Probate
299:suicide
287:natural
279:coroner
165:Titanic
67:probate
47:missing
2645:Martyr
2381:Fields
2342:Murder
2258:Séance
2228:Ghosts
2112:Tukdam
1980:Burial
1862:Stages
1546:Eschar
1361:
1353:
1314:
1306:
1298:
1263:
1253:
1239:: 17.
1142:
1134:
857:
849:
804:
794:
749:
729:apnea.
722:
712:
663:
639:
629:
621:
582:
574:
566:
531:
460:
452:
417:
409:
337:spouse
313:Estate
43:corpse
2711:]
2685:human
2451:Other
2395:]
2267:Legal
2208:Vigil
2149:Grief
1697:Lists
1404:Death
1359:S2CID
1304:JSTOR
1140:JSTOR
580:S2CID
415:S2CID
232:, to
175:Italy
131:If a
55:court
2372:Will
1853:Body
1823:RAMR
1479:AICD
1351:PMID
1312:PMID
1296:ISSN
1261:PMID
1132:ISSN
855:PMID
847:ISSN
802:PMID
758:EEG.
747:ISBN
720:PMID
661:ISBN
637:PMID
619:ISSN
572:PMID
564:ISSN
529:PMID
458:PMID
450:ISSN
407:PMID
209:Ohio
61:, a
1626:DOA
1343:doi
1288:doi
1251:PMC
1241:doi
1128:160
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