Meknes - Knowledge (XXG)

2585:: One of the last constructions of Moulay Isma'il's reign, built between 1721 and 1725, its name means "Granary/silo of Victory", but it was also known as Dar al-Mansur or Qasr al-Mansur ("Palace of Victory"). It is located on the far southern perimeter of the Kasbah and consists of a massive building which seems to have served as a palace, fortress, and storehouse. The basement was taken up by storage rooms while the upper floor held reception rooms for the palace with views over the surrounding area. Located next to it were the Royal Stables of Moulay Isma'il (often misidentified today with the Heri as-Swani), which were reputed to be one of the palace city's most impressive features. It consisted of horse stalls sheltered under two parallel arcades (rows of arches) which stretched for 1200 meters on either side of a water canal which provided water for the horses. Unfortunately, the stables have not been preserved and very little remains of them today. 1025:, further marginalizing cities like Meknes (which is near Fes). Some traditional Muslim authorities and officials were retained, but Meknes was reorganized under a new French municipal and military regime. This also led to a greater influence of the cities over their surrounding countryside and growing urbanization. The city became a transportation hub for people and goods traveling from east to west or from north to south across the country, in addition to hosting extensive military barracks. The population of Meknes grew from 25,000 at the beginning of the century to over 140,000 by the mid-20th century. Some roads in the old city were widened to accommodate greater circulation, but most of the new development took place in the 2480:(citadel) and stretches over an area approximately four times larger than the old city itself. It was composed of several autonomous palaces along with vast gardens, religious buildings, and other amenities. The complex was also notable for its impressive infrastructure, which included a water supply system with a hydraulic system of wells, norias (water extraction mechanism powered by wheel), canals, and underground pipes which distributed water to the royal city's many buildings. It also contained numerous monumental granaries and underground warehouses which stockpiled supplies that could allegedly sustain the city for a siege of ten years. Below is a list of some of its main areas and monuments. 2944:(French: Salon International de l'Agriculture au Maroc) since April 2006. This agriculture show has an area of more than 250000 square meters, with more than 60 countries participating, and more than 1200 exhibitors. The lands around Meknes area are known to be fertile and productive. The high elevation, fertility and the fresh water of those lands favor the cultivation of fruits and vegetables, most notably: peaches, nectarines, prunes, apples, potatoes, onions and garlic. Meknes is also known for its olives and olive oil. Livestock raising, particularly sheep and cattle, is widespread. Meknes has large industrial units for milk and dairy production that fulfill most of the needs of the region. 100: 2813: 870:. Estimates on the total number of workers involved range from 25,000 and 55,000. Nonetheless, frequently-told stories about the tens of thousands of Christian slaves used for labour and the large underground dungeons where they were kept are somewhat exaggerated and originate from the accounts of European ambassadors who visited Isma'il's court (often to negotiate the release of prisoners from their countries). In reality, the number of Christian slaves was likely closer to a few thousand at most and the chambers popularly called "prisons" were actually storage rooms for grain and supplies. 64: 2565:: The Sahrij or Agdal Basin is an enormous water basin or artificial lake south of the Dar al-Makhzen, which was originally a part of the royal city's water supply system. It measures 148.75 by 319 meters and is, on average, 1.2 meters deep. Next to it, on its eastern side, is an enormous structure composed of two parts: the "House of the Ten Norias" or Dar al-Ma ("House of Water") and the Heri as-Swani (also spelled as Heri es-Souani). The first of these is a monumental building of vaulted passages and domed chambers which contained a number of wheel-powered hydraulic mechanisms ( 2250: 2193: 2760: 2013:, el-Hedim Square (Place el-Hedim) is a vast plaza at the southern end of the old city, before the main gates of Moulay Isma'il's former royal palace complex. The square's name, el-Hedim, means "the rubble/debris" and refers to the demolitions which Moulay Isma'il carried out here during the construction of his palaces. He left this open space as a public square to separate his palace from the rest of the city. Since then, the square has become the focus of various activities including evening entertainers such as storytellers, acrobats, and musicians. 2617: 923: 75: 2748: 2503:: The oldest palace in the kasbah, finished in 1679 and itself composed of multiple palaces. Its name means "the Great House". It was the private residence of the sultan and his family, connected directly to the Lalla Aouda Mosque and the later royal mausoleum. The palace fell into ruin after Moulay Isma'il's death (and after the 1755 Lisbon Earthquake), and has since become a residential neighbourhood where common people built their houses amidst the remains of Isma'il's massive palace walls, still visible in various places. 2157: 93: 2605: 2414: 2235: 2458: 2220: 992: 782: 646: 2205: 153: 2680: 186: 2402: 2656: 2593: 2632: 2390: 5797: 2668: 1037:

violent suppression of protests took place in the city which results in 13 dead and more injured. Following Morocco's independence in 1956, the changes which began or accelerated under French rule continued to run their course. Large scale rural migration increased the population of the city and intensified the urbanization process (as elsewhere in the country). Industries developed around the city's perimeter, but at the same time the old elites and

133: 1970: 2798: 5446: 1998: 2428: 3038: 2178: 3656: 82: 2376: 3643: 5985: 259: 3463: 3054: 2849: 2644: 835:(religious scholars) of Fes were also particularly disapproving of his ways, including his use of slaves (many of whom were of Muslim background), and maintained tense relations with him throughout his reign. Choosing Meknes thus removed him from the influence of traditional elites and allowed him to build a fresh base from which he hoped to exercise absolute power. The threat of 2832: 2440: 1004: 3630: 3617: 1144:) and some areas of southern Spain. The temperatures shifts from cool in winter to hot days in the summer months of June–September. Afternoon temperatures generally rise 10–14 °C above the low on most days. The winter highs typically reach only 15.5 °C (59.9 °F) in December–January, whereas night temperatures average 5 °C (41 °F). Snow is rare. 2933: 464: 193: 160: 2551:

which is still entered via an ornate royal gate on its eastern perimeter (north of Heri es-Swani), was mostly occupied by the Qasr al-Muhannasha ("Palace of the Labyrinth"). This palace consisted of roughly eight large courtyards or garden enclosures and acted as both a reception palace and an administrative palace.

808:, governed Meknes. Upon Rashid's death in 1672, Moulay Isma'il became sultan and chose Meknes as his new capital. In addition to his possible attachment to the city as a governor, a number of reasons may have favoured this choice. One may have been the fact that Ismail had to fight hard to reconquer both Fes and 2578:

roof (which has since collapsed). Although frequently misidentified as the "royal stables" of the palace, this structure was, once again, a massive granary and storehouse. Grain was originally delivered to the building by mules who climbed onto a roof terrace and dropped the grain directly into holes

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on the south side of the old city. Its construction continued throughout the 55 years of his reign, beginning immediately after his accession to the throne in 1672. Existing structures dating from the earlier medieval kasbah of the city were demolished to make way; the name of the large public square

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Two train stations are located in the new city district (French: Ville Nouvelle) of Meknes, with trains each hour to the east, west, and north of Morocco. One is larger than the other and serve a different purpose. Operated by ONCF, the following table lists destinations reachable via Meknes railway

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Heritage at Risk report of 2000, the historic city of Meknes contains insufficient drainage systems, and as a result, suffers from inundation and leakage in certain areas. Still, some conservation and restoration efforts have taken place in recent years, motivated in part by the revenues of tourism.

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One of the last constructions before his death, carried out between 1721 and 1725, was the Heri al-Mansur, a palace on the far southern edge of the kasbah which included vast stables. The monumental gate known as Bab al-Mansur al-'Alj, overlooking Place al-Hedim, was only finished in 1732 by his son

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Industry in Meknes is of light type, most of it is related to food processing especially in the Commune of Mejjat, and chemical and para-chemical industry in other industrial zones like the Agropolis industrial and agribusiness zone. Add to those the textile and metallic manufacturing which are old

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or that of Marrakesh. The Mellah was located between the old medina, west of Place el-Hedim, and the more outlying quarter of Madinat al-Riyad al-Anbari. Both the Mellah and Madinat ar-Riyad were part of an urban extension ordered by Isma'il in the western angle between the old city and the Kasbah.

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Nonetheless, Meknes, like other cities, also hosted resistance to French authority. In 1937, a particularly serious and violent revolt erupted following attempts to divert the local river to benefit the French settler population during a time of food shortages for the native Moroccan population. A

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and elsewhere), was divided into two sections. The western section was mostly occupied by the Bahrawiya Gardens but also contained a long narrow palace on its northern edge known as the Dar al-Madrasa ("House of the School"), most likely another private palace of the sultan. The eastern section,

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As mentioned above, Meknes city has two train stations, and their names are: Meknes Railway Station (French: Gare de Meknès) and Meknes Amir Abdul Qadir Railway Station (French: Gare de Meknès Amir Abdelkader). All the mentioned trains cited in the previous table stop by the former station; and

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between 1727 and 1729. The funerary complex was originally entered from the dar al-Kebira to the north but is nowadays entered by a 20th-century gate to the south. Still considered a religious site today, it is also open to tourists. It is composed of relatively austere courtyards leading to a

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over the tomb of Sidi Mohammed ben Aissa (just outside the city walls) and built the current minarets of the Grand Mosque and the Nejjarine Mosque in the old city. The Dar al-Kebira, however, was abandoned and progressively transformed into a residential neighbourhood where the inhabitants

2542:: This vast walled enclosure, much larger and more rationally organized than the Dar el-Kebira, contained extensive gardens and two more main palaces in Moulay Isma'il's time, some of which have been restored or adapted for current use as one of the royal residences of the 812:

from his rival nephew (Ahmad al-Mahriz, son of Moulay Rashid) during the first years of his reign, which may have rendered him skeptical towards both cities as possible centers of power. Moreover, Moulay Rashid had garrisoned much of Fes with his own contingents from the

3799: 2722:: The best-known museum in Meknes, housing a number of artifacts and art objects from the city and other regions in Morocco. It is housed in a late 19th-century palace with gardens and ornate rooms built in 1882 by Mokhtar ben Larbi Jamai, who served as 2573:

underground to the surface, after which it was delivered into the Sahrij or redistributed to the city. The second part, the Heri as-Swani, is attached to the south side of this building and is made up of 22 rows of monumental arches which once held up a

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founded a fortress or fortified settlement just south of these villages after conquering the area in the 11th century. Originally called Tagrart or Taqrart, this Almoravid settlement formed the beginnings of what is now the old medina of Meknes. The

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The palace complex or "imperial city" of Sultan Moulay Isma'il was constructed over his entire 55-year reign from 1672 to 1727 (with some elements finished or remodeled shortly after). It occupies the site of the city's former medieval

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troops and help protect (and control) the rest of the town, such as the Kasbah Hadrash and the Kasbah Tizimi. He carried out renovations to the Grand Mosque and the nearby Madrasa al-Qadi (which he devotes to students from the

2283:. Its name comes from the architect and designer of the gate, Mansour al-'Alj (the "Victorious Apostate"), a former Christian slave who converted to Islam. It is notable for its size and its rich decoration consisting of 863:(or Place el-Hedim), means "the rubble" and came from the masses of rubble and debris which were piled here during the demolition. Labour was carried out by paid workers as well as by contingents of slaves, particularly 1029:. The new French authorities took interest in the conservation of historic monuments in the old city; the madrasas, for example, were restored in 1922. During this period Meknes also became a center of agriculture and 2532:: The Qubbat al-Khayyatin is a standalone audience chamber or throne room where Moulay Isma'il once received foreign ambassadors. Underground, right next to it, is a large subterranean vaulted space known as the 742:) was also founded and first built in 1276. The Marinids also carried out major restorations to the Grand Mosque in the 14th century and built the major madrasas of the city near it. The latter included the 955:

Following Moulay Isma'il's death, however, the political situation in Morocco degenerated into relative anarchy as his sons competed for power. Meknes lost its status as capital and suffered damage in the

964:, who ruled between 1757 and 1790, built a number of projects in the city. He added the Dar al-Bayda Palace in the Agdal garden to the southeast of the main palace complex, which was later turned into a 4749: 696:, often reputed to be the oldest mosque in the city, dates back to the Almoravid period and may have served as the central mosque of the Almoravid settlement. The mosque that became the present-day 2901:

Meknes is an economic centre in Morocco with various products from three sectors (agriculture, industry and services), which makes the city economically competitive and attractive for investment.

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or Habs Qara. Although frequently described as a prison for Christian slaves, scholars agree that it was in fact a storage area and granary, one of many such structures throughout the royal city.

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In the 2014 census, the High Commission for Planning gave the legal population of the city of Meknes as 632,079, which corresponds to the combined population of the municipalities of Meknes,

2275:: The most famous gateway of the city (also known as Bab Mansour or Bab el-Mansur), this gate overlooks the southern end of Place el-Hedim and acted as the ceremonial grand entrance to the 5924: 3448:

Taxis in the city exist in two types: small taxis with 3 places Max that work with fares system; and bigger taxis with 6 places Max that have a predetermined trajectory and fixed prices.

2249: 711:(ruled 1199–1213) rebuilt the city and its fortifications, as well as its Grand Mosque. The city enjoyed relative prosperity in this period, before being conquered again by the new 2929:

Meknes is considered to be the capital of agriculture in Morocco. And the Saïss plain is one of the most fertile and rich plains in Morocco and Meknes is the centre of this plain.

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industries in the city. The year 2016 marks a new era of industry in the city of Meknes; it includes electrical wire, embedded systems, and automotive parts production companies.

5022: 960:. The city was neglected and many parts of the enormous imperial kasbah fell into disrepair. The site received only occasional royal attention in the following centuries. Sultan 675:-era settlement in Morocco and one of its early urban centres, is located near the site of the current city of Meknes. The current city and its name, however, originate with a 4801: 2604: 983:

added a loggia structure in front of Bab al-Mansur which served as a meeting place for ceremonies and the governor's tribunal, though this structure was later removed.

2511:: The royal mausoleum and funerary complex of Moulay Isma'il and some of his family members and successors. It was built under his reign but significantly modified by 2156: 1771: 5728: 3594: 2812: 5917: 4605: 4971: 2616: 5653: 4753: 4860: 4775: 884:

Moulay Isma'il also undertook works throughout the old city too. He refortified the walls and built new monumental city gates such as Bab Berda'in and

5250: 734:, the new capital. During this period, Meknes was frequently the residence of Marinid princes (often appointed there as governors) and especially of 6062: 6052: 5910: 2219: 5933: 5616: 5201: 2085:: The mosque, located near the northern gate of the medina (Bab Berda'in) was completed in 1709 on the orders of Morocco's first female minister, 3854:"POPULATION LÉGALE DES RÉGIONS, PROVINCES, PRÉFECTURES, MUNICIPALITÉS, ARRONDISSEMENTS ET COMMUNES DU ROYAUME D'APRÈS LES RÉSULTATS DU RGPH 2014" 2759: 2061:: Often reputed to be the oldest in the city, this mosque also dates back to the Almoravid period, though it has been modified multiple times. 4724: 4486: 3976: 2192: 5263:"Détermination de la structure géologique de la partie Sud de la plaine du Saïss (bassin de Meknès-Fès, Maroc) par la méthode géoélectrique" 2234: 2027:: The old city's most important mosque and one of its oldest, covering about 3,500 square meters and was founded in the 12th century by the 4008: 5226: 2747: 2204: 221: 6072: 5284: 2704:

still stands in Meknes today. According to tradition, it was first built in the 13th century and rebuilt by the Toledano family in 1646.

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The geographical location of the city of Meknes makes it one of the important transport hubs in Morocco. The city is accessed via the

4028: 3502: 3093: 2888: 5632: 152: 5267: 707:, who destroyed the city after a long siege in the 12th century. However, at the beginning of the 13th century the Almohad caliph 5477: 3419: 3127: 2679: 1130: 1126: 4809: 804:(ruled 1666–1672), the first Alaouite sultan to unite Morocco under his rule, Fes became the capital once more and his brother, 185: 2512: 940: 723: 979:

constructed their houses within and between the former palace structures of Isma'il's time. In the early 19th century, Sultan

99: 4681: 4352: 3484: 3286: 3220: 3175: 3075: 2870: 1012: 4293: 1021:) on a nearby plateau across the valley on the northeast side of the old city. The capital of Morocco was moved from Fes to 1057:), a quasi-governmental agency based in Fez. The projects include proposed restorations to the historic city walls, to the 5714: 5695: 2701: 2631: 972:

in the southern part of Moulay Isma'il's Kasbah, which became the largest mosque in Meknes. He also renovated and added a

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and endowed the city with extensive fortifications and monumental gates. The city recorded a population of 632,079 in the

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between 1757 and 1790. It is located near the Heri al-Mansur palace in the southern part of the Kasbah of Moulay Isma'il.

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Whatever the reasons, Ismail made Meknes the center of Morocco in his time and he embarked on the construction of a new

409: 2797: 2055:(who may have later restored it). Open to tourists today, it is one of the most richly decorated buildings in the city. 132: 63: 5891: 5533: 3519:, with actually the following faculties, schools and institutions divided among three campuses in the cities: Meknes, 2592: 2184: 2048: 2035: 755: 743: 119: 5679: 4997: 4475:"Les relations entre ville et ensemble palatial dans les " villes impériales " marocaines : Marrakech et Meknès" 3811: 5571: 4975: 4442: 3962: 2740:: A small museum housed in a structure just northeast of Bab al-Mansur, exhibiting artifacts from all over Morocco. 2507: 944: 786: 572: 453: 115: 3473: 3064: 2859: 5611: 3949: 3886: 3375: 3240: 2543: 2177: 2124: 2123:) just outside the city walls to the northwest, originally dating from the late 18th century but restored later. 2113: 2077:

between 1672 and 1678. Its prominent minaret is visible from the adjoining Place Lalla Aouda (Lalla Awda Square).

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Les Palais dans la ville : Espaces urbains et lieux de la puissance publique dans la Méditerranée médiévale

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Mosquées et oratoires de Meknès (IXe-XVIIIe siècle): géographie religieuse, architecture et problème de la Qibla

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El Khammar, Abdeltif (2017). "La mosquée de Lālla ʿAwda à Meknès: Histoire, architecture et mobilier en bois".

3581: 3516: 2375: 980: 495: 74: 4056: 5158: 5134: 4779: 2427: 5886: 5548: 4711: 3480: 3071: 2866: 2643: 2470: 2462: 2357: 2276: 2241: 2070: 1986: 922: 855: 596: 5606: 5596: 5528: 5470: 3883:"Note de présentation des premiers résultats du Recensement Général de la Population et de l'Habitat 2014" 2419: 2322: 2225: 2169: 2081: 2023: 1780: 1136:) with continental influences. Its climate is similar to some inland cities in southern Portugal (such as 957: 927: 916: 885: 697: 552: 4182:

Touri, Abdelaziz; Benaboud, Mhammad; Boujibar El-Khatib, Naïma; Lakhdar, Kamal; Mezzine, Mohamed (2010).

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regions may have also persuaded Ismail that Meknes, situated further west, was more defensible than Fes.

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who settled this region around the 10th century. A group of small unfortified Miknasa villages known as

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in Casablanca, with more international flights and destinations, is conveniently accessible by train.

1061:, and to the Bou Inania Madrasa, along with other improvements to parking and tourism infrastructure. 693: 5761: 5737: 4186:(2 ed.). Ministère des Affaires Culturelles du Royaume du Maroc & Museum With No Frontiers. 3438: 3112: 2575: 2547: 2139:(festival) is one of the most intense and was historically known for its displays of self-mutilation. 2119: 1952: 801: 604: 600: 402: 2135:

brotherhood in Morocco, is buried here. He is considered the patron saint of Meknes, and his annual

969: 5866: 5327: 3318: 3253: 3188: 3159: 2784: 2727: 2280: 991: 936: 645: 471: 2487:: A vast open square which stands behind (southeast of) Bab al-Mansur, which served as the former 5601: 5500: 5418: 3953: 3655: 2494: 2211: 2086: 2065: 1961:

of Meknès, which consists of 6 municipalities (including the city Meknes) and 15 rural communes.

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It was also in Moulay Ismail's reign that the Jewish inhabitants of the city were moved to a new

826: 739: 658: 271: 5523: 4020: 3702: 2338: 2117:: Also known as the Mausoleum of Sheikh al-Kamel. An important mausoleum and religious complex ( 5369: 3787: 2439: 4677: 4482: 4348: 4187: 4024: 3972: 3766: 3408: 3400: 3330: 2982: 2623: 2342:: The monumental northern gate of the city, also built by Moulay Isma'il and richly decorated. 2074: 2028: 1724: 1676: 1053:

As of 2023, a number of major restoration projects were planned or underway, led by ADER-Fès (

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and eastern Morocco while Moulay Isma'il was forming his own personal royal guard composed of

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This image shows the geographical structure of the Saïss plain around Meknes area in Morocco.

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dynasty in the second half of the 17th century that Meknes received renewed attention. Under

6031: 5846: 5538: 4868: 4805: 4418: 4016: 3754: 3674: 2718: 2312:: Another ornate gate located next to Bab Mansur; also called Bab al-Nuwwar in some sources. 2279:. It was begun in the later years of Moulay Isma'il's reign and finished in 1732 by his son 2256: 2146: 1007:

City Hall of Meknes, built between 1934 and 1950 on a 1933 design by architect Gaston Goupil

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and the sixth largest city by population in the kingdom. Founded in the 11th century by the

5392:"From Morocco to King's Lynn: The flamboyant goalkeeper who caused a stir with the Linnets" 4898: 4831: 1969: 608: 276: 6057: 5836: 5463: 5288: 3730: 3720: 2787:, are about half an hour to the north, as is the village and important pilgrimage site of 2044: 947:

during his two brief reigns (in 1727–28 and 1728–29) and was himself buried here in 1729.

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collapsed, killing 41 people. The mosque has since been repaired and its minaret rebuilt.

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These changes also contributed to the relative neglect of the old city. According to the

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except the first row of the table, all the remaining trains stop by the latter station.

3037: 1997: 528:. The municipality of Meknes proper recorded a population of 520,428 in the 2014 census. 5348: 4588:

Femmes politiques au Maroc d'hier à aujourd'hui: La résistance et le pouvoir au féminin

3957: 3945: 3748: 3273: 3122:(intercity bus station) is located west of the medina, along with the main station for 2836: 2052: 1982: 1974: 1137: 836: 650: 81: 6046: 5674: 5566: 3760: 3736: 3708: 3265: 2686: 2570: 2554: 2303: 2006: 1555: 1058: 880: 843:) and the increasing insecurity in central Morocco due to tribal migrations from the 766: 676: 5075:

Urbanisme princier en Islam: Meknès et les villes royales islamiques post-médiévales

3826: 2546:. The enclosure, generally known as the Dar al-Makhzen (not to be confused with the 5948: 5881: 5561: 4725:"Meknès : les projets de réhabilitation se multiplient dans l'ancienne médina" 3742: 3696: 2776: 2731: 2723: 2493:

of the palace. It precedes the former Dar al-Kebira palace and gives access to the

2445: 2348: 2285: 1114: 1074: 864: 818: 731: 672: 5902: 5249:"New Report Highlights the World's Most Competitive Cities", The World Bank, web: 4473:

Barrucand, Marianne (2019-11-18), Boucheron, Patrick; Chiffoleau, Jacques (eds.),

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Architecture of the Islamic West: North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700–1800

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dynasty (16th and early 17th century) focused their attention on their capital at

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Public transport in Meknes is managed by the urban commune and it consists of:

5960: 5876: 5766: 3690: 3680: 3554: 3520: 3371: 3351: 3310: 3290: 3261: 3236: 3216: 3196: 2910: 2831: 2318:: The monumental gate entrance to the Dar al-Kebira palace, dating to 1679–80. 1106: 1090: 1073:. To its south and south-east are the rich cedar forests and mountains of the 1042: 1003: 5300: 3549:

National Superior School of the Arts and Professions - ENSAM, created in 1997

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Faculty of Juridical, Economical and Social Sciences - FSJES, created in 1993

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ruler of Morocco in 1728 after his death), was responsible for founding the

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is believed to have been first built by the Almoravids in the 12th century.

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report classified Meknes as one of the three most competitive cities in

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tower built in the 17th century as a part of the defensive walls of the

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chamber, which in turn grants access to the tomb chamber of the sultan.

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Agence pour la Dédensification et la Réhabilitation de la Médina de Fès

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Vaulted passage in the palace ruins of the Dar el-Kebira neighbourhood

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http://www.planetware.com/tourist-attractions-/meknes-mar-mek-mek.htm

4407:"Les inscriptions de Bab Mansur al-'Ilğ: déchiffrement et traduction" 3724: 3629: 3616: 3232: 3115:

with two exits, one to the east of the city and another to the west.

2972: 2914: 2477: 2327: 2296: 2291: 2132: 1078: 1049: 906: 889: 875: 848: 735: 720: 719:(citadel or governor's district) of Meknes was created afterwards by 716: 521: 484: 388: 5706: 3584:, numerous private institutes for higher education exist in Meknes. 2465:

in relation to the medina (old city), with its major areas indicated

2073:, it was first founded in the Marinid era but completely rebuilt by 4839:

Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world

4389:

Islamic Palace Architecture in the Western Mediterranean: A History

5953: 3856:(in Arabic and French). High Commission for Planning. 8 April 2015 3621: 3367: 3334: 3294: 3212: 3171: 3036: 2931: 2830: 2707:

The Etz Hayeem synagogue in Meknes is also a historical synagogue.

2566: 2517: 1996: 1110: 1094: 1082: 1022: 1015:

in Morocco in 1912, the French administration created a new city (

1002: 990: 974: 921: 831: 780: 644: 5046: 4778:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from 4752:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from 2089:. The mosque was the site of a tragedy in 2010 when its historic 1089:. To the west are the two largest metropolitan areas of Morocco: 3322: 2299: 2164: 1981:

The main historic monuments of the city are concentrated in the

879:

or Jewish district to the west, near the Kasbah, not unlike the

5906: 5710: 5459: 3456: 3047: 2842: 2109:: A large mosque founded by Sultan Moulay Isma'il around 1687. 3537:

Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences - FLSH, created in 1982

4699:

The Casablanca Connection: French Colonial Policy, 1936–1943

5023:"Mausoleum of Sidi Ben Aïssa | Meknes, Morocco Attractions" 4077:

Métalsi, Mohamed; Tréal, Cécile; Ruiz, Jean-Michel (1999).

1989:

to the south. The most notable monuments are listed below.

5182:

Bentov, Haim; Cohen, Haim J.; Laskier, Michael M. (2007).

4676:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 387–89. 3786:"Mayor roles and responsibilities", Meknes Web Site, web: 2001:

Crowds gathering in el-Hedim Square at the end of the day

1069:

Meknes is located in a strategic position in the heart of

765:

periods, however, Meknes suffered from neglect as the new

5455: 4184:

Le Maroc andalou : à la découverte d'un art de vivre

3441:, and even outside of the prefecture like the line 16 to 3126:(intercity taxis). A newer station for buses operated by 2326:: A monumental western gate of the city, near the former 5439: 5280:"International Agriculture Show in Morocco", SIAM, web: 3810:"Meknes Elevation and Altitude", Elevationmap.net, web: 3561:

Faculty of Science and Technology - FST, created in 1994

3437:

A large network of buses that cover all the area of the

628: 4634:"Meknes, the city of endless heritage | Saad Guerraoui" 3021:

Many of the services products in Meknes are related to

2099:: The largest mosque in Meknes, it was built by Sultan 583:

as a military settlement, Meknes became the capital of

431: 4998:"El Hadi Ben Aïssa : Le symbole de la délivrance" 4013:

The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art and Architecture

5956:, Modern Capital and Historic City: a Shared Heritage 5328:"توقيع توامتين مع سونون الفرنسية و طولكرم الفلسطينية" 4400: 4398: 3763:(born Choukri Moussaddik), former Moroccan footballer 3025:

due to the attractions of the old city district (the

2069:: The main mosque of the city's former kasbah and of 4544:

L'architecture de la Qasba de Moulay Ismaïl à Meknès

4061:(PhD thesis) (in French). Université Lumière-Lyon 2. 3576:

Superior School of Technology - EST, created in 2014

3546:

Superior School of Technology - EST, created in 1993

557: 6023: 5993: 5940: 5804: 5754: 5688: 5667: 5646: 5625: 5589: 5547: 5516: 5509: 5493: 4007:Bloom, Jonathan M.; Blair, Sheila S., eds. (2009). 892:or garrison forts throughout the city to house his 490: 480: 470: 452: 426: 416: 399: 382: 375: 367: 359: 349: 341: 336: 328: 320: 315: 307: 299: 294: 282: 270: 252: 32: 773:and neglected the old northern cities of Morocco. 703:The fortress resisted the military advance of the 5322: 5320: 4526:A practical guide to Islamic Monuments in Morocco 2835:A traditional market street in the center of the 926:View of Bab Berda'in gate and the minaret of the 777:The reign of Moulay Isma'il (17th–18th centuries) 4096:. Courbevoie (France): ACR Édition. p. 134. 2289:motifs carved into brick, filled with colourful 5372:. Associação Nacional de Municípios Portugueses 3595:List of twin towns and sister cities in Morocco 3564:Poly disciplinary Faculty - FP, created in 2006 1041:families moved away to the coastal cities like 726:in 1276 CE – the same year that the citadel of 687:were established here in the 10th century. The 607:and an important economic hub in the region of 5111:"Borj BelKari Museum | Meknes | Morocco Guide" 4674:A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period 4447:Discover Islamic Art, Museum With No Frontiers 4345:A history of the Maghrib in the Islamic period 3821: 3819: 1085:; and more to the south are the rich oases of 5918: 5722: 5471: 4325:. Rabat: Éditions Techniques Nord-Africaines. 4015:. Oxford University Press. pp. 475–476. 3540:Normal Superior School - ENS, created in 1983 2730:(ruled 1873–1894). His family also built the 8: 4391:. Oxford University Press. pp. 309–312. 3848: 3846: 3844: 3425:There is also a military airport in Meknes. 1973:Aerial view of the northern part of the old 1783:(humidity 1973–1993 and extremes 1913–1993) 447: 37: 4092:Ramirez, Francis; Rolot, Christian (2004). 3798:"Prefect Biography", Meknes Web Site, web: 2661:Ornate gate of the Dar al-Makhzen in Meknes 1097:. To the north is the mountainous north of 951:Later Alaouite period (18th–20th centuries) 5925: 5911: 5903: 5729: 5715: 5707: 5513: 5478: 5464: 5456: 3963:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition 3877: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3677:, former international Moroccan footballer 2149:, a famous Moroccan poet who died in 1850. 2051:in 1335-36 but is now named after his son 2031:, although renovated multiple times since. 1147: 462: 446: 29: 4897:(in French). p. 1600. Archived from 4422: 4347:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 4021:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T001442 3534:Faculty of Sciences - FS, created in 1982 3503:Learn how and when to remove this message 3094:Learn how and when to remove this message 2942:International Agriculture Show in Morocco 2889:Learn how and when to remove this message 909:(minister) under him (and briefly became 623:(Berber) tribe historically known as the 4528:. Charlottesville, VA: The Baraka Press. 4294:"La mosquée Lalla Aouda (Les Alaouites)" 4177: 4175: 4173: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4165: 4163: 4161: 4159: 4157: 4155: 3141: 3130:is located near the main train station. 2960: 2456: 1968: 1794: 1774:(sun 1961–1990), (February record high) 746:(built in 1336) and two other madrasas, 5435:http://looklex.com/morocco/meknes02.htm 4972:"36 killed in Morocco minaret collapse" 4659:Les mosquées de Fès et du nord du Maroc 4563: 4561: 4559: 4557: 4555: 4553: 4537: 4535: 4519: 4517: 4515: 4513: 4511: 4509: 4507: 4505: 4503: 4436: 4434: 4316: 4314: 4273: 4271: 4269: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4261: 4259: 4257: 4255: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4153: 4151: 4149: 4147: 4145: 4143: 4141: 4139: 4137: 4135: 3971:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 35–39. 3779: 2793: 2743: 2588: 2371: 2152: 591:(1672–1727), son of the founder of the 509: 425: 415: 381: 335: 327: 314: 293: 251: 216: 144: 126: 110:Clockwise from top: Place el-Hedim and 54: 5068: 5066: 4929: 4927: 4925: 4923: 4921: 4919: 4661:. Paris: Éditions d'art et d'histoire. 4628: 4626: 4468: 4466: 4464: 4462: 4460: 4458: 4456: 4338: 4336: 4334: 4332: 4247: 4245: 4243: 4241: 4239: 4237: 4235: 4233: 4231: 4229: 4213: 4211: 4209: 4207: 4205: 4203: 4072: 4070: 4068: 4050: 4048: 4046: 4044: 4042: 4040: 2302:), and topped by a long and elaborate 776: 738:. The Mosque of the Kasbah (the later 5419:Bibliography of the history of Meknes 5301:"Visit Africa's Meknes City, Morocco" 5231:Discover Islamic Art - Virtual Museum 4890:Royaume du Maroc (20 November 2008). 4701:. University of North Carolina Press. 4599: 4597: 4581: 4579: 4382: 4380: 4378: 4376: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4368: 4366: 4364: 4115: 4113: 4111: 4109: 4107: 4105: 4103: 4002: 4000: 3998: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3990: 3988: 3415:) accessible only by road transport. 2548:royal palaces of the same name in Fez 2259:(view of the minaret and outer wall) 566: 489: 479: 469: 398: 374: 366: 358: 348: 340: 319: 306: 298: 281: 269: 7: 5271:, May 2003. Retrieved on 8 May 2016. 5190:. Vol. 13 (2nd ed.). Gale. 4970:Chakir, Mohamed (19 February 2010). 4949:"Deaths in Morocco minaret collapse" 4937:(12th ed.). Rough Guides. 2019. 4572:. Paris: Arts et métiers graphiques. 3935: 3933: 3931: 3906: 3904: 3485:adding citations to reliable sources 3076:adding citations to reliable sources 2871:adding citations to reliable sources 987:Recent history (20th–21st centuries) 4841:(in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst 4697:Hoisington, William A. Jr. (1984). 4570:L'architecture musulmane d'Occident 2579:pierced above each vaulted chamber. 943:, carried out modifications to his 901:), and founded the Zitouna Mosque. 547: 38: 5654:Chamber of Traditional Artisanship 4776:"Meknes Climate Normals 1961–1990" 4750:"Meknes Climate Normals 1991–2020" 3705:, Moroccan actor and film director 2453:Imperial Palaces of Moulay Isma'il 1155:) (1991–2020, extremes 1919–2020) 664:Early history (8th–16th centuries) 595:. Sultan Ismail created a massive 25: 4832:"Klimatafel von Meknès / Marokko" 4723:Benabdellah, Yahya (2023-01-25). 2114:Zawiya of Sidi Mohammed Ben Aissa 1791:Districts - Quartiers (in French) 761:After the end of the Marinid and 324:370 km (140 sq mi) 5983: 5795: 5444: 3829:(in Arabic). Meknes City Council 3654: 3641: 3628: 3615: 3461: 3052: 2847: 2811: 2796: 2758: 2746: 2678: 2666: 2654: 2642: 2630: 2615: 2603: 2591: 2438: 2426: 2412: 2400: 2388: 2374: 2248: 2233: 2218: 2203: 2191: 2176: 2155: 1965:Historic monuments and landmarks 1127:hot-summer Mediterranean climate 257: 191: 184: 158: 151: 131: 98: 91: 80: 73: 62: 6063:Prefectural capitals in Morocco 6053:World Heritage Sites in Morocco 5934:World Heritage Sites in Morocco 5268:Springer Science+Business Media 5135:"Qantara - Basin of the Norias" 3472:needs additional citations for 3063:needs additional citations for 2858:needs additional citations for 2738:Musée de Meknès (Meknes Museum) 2143:Zawiya of Sidi Kaddour el-Alami 1985:(old city) and the vast former 939:. His son and brief successor, 5202:"Meknes Jewish Life and Sites" 4951:. Al Jazeera. 20 February 2010 4323:Marrakech: Des origines à 1912 4079:Les villes impériales du Maroc 2358:Kasbah of Sultan Moulay Ismail 888:. He also built several other 859:in front of the Kasbah today, 575:, located in northern central 192: 159: 1: 5696:Meknes Royal Military Academy 5617:Rabbi Meir Toledano Synagogue 4055:El Khammar, Abdeltif (2005). 3515:Meknes is home to the public 2753:Entrance to the Meknes Museum 2702:Rabbi Meir Toledano Synagogue 1131:Köppen climate classification 5892:Sidi Slimane Moul Al Kifane 5452:travel guide from Wikivoyage 5390:Plummer, Greg (2022-12-12). 5261:A. Essahlaoui, El A. Ouali. 5073:Barrucand, Marianne (1985). 4712:ICOMOS Heritage at Risk 2000 4542:Barrucand, Marianne (1980). 3916:UNESCO World Heritage Centre 3887:High Commission for Planning 2765:Room in the Dar Jamai Museum 2569:) which drew water from the 1977:of Meknes, near Bab Berda'in 839:attacks from the east (from 5963:(formerly known as Titawin) 5659:Isawiyya (Sufi brotherhood) 4802:"Asia: Highest Temperature" 4120:Bloom, Jonathan M. (2020). 3940:Funck-Brentano, C. (1993). 3717:, rap group based in Meknes 2940:Each year Meknes holds the 2508:Mausoleum of Moulay Isma'il 1628:Average precipitation days 1414:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1274:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 905:, one of his wives who was 587:during the reign of Sultan 558: 363:1,700/km (4,400/sq mi) 27:City in Fès-Meknès, Morocco 6089: 6073:Former capitals of Morocco 5572:Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail 5416: 5159:"Qasaba of Mawlāy Ismā'īl" 4935:The Rough Guide to Morocco 4892:"Bulletin Officiel № 5684" 4424:10.3989/alqantara.2013.009 3889:. 20 March 2015. p. 8 3601:Twin towns – Sister cities 2785:UNESCO World Heritage Site 2468: 1957:Meknes is the seat of the 1950: 1855:Hamria (new city district) 1778: 1769: 1150: 1077:mountains with the cities 1011:After the installation of 656: 573:Imperial cities of Morocco 455:UNESCO World Heritage Site 444:UNESCO World Heritage Site 332:546 m (1,792 ft) 116:Mausoleum of Moulay Ismail 6068:Municipalities of Morocco 5980: 5793: 5744: 5612:Cheikh Al Kamel Mausoleum 4861:"60150: Meknes (Morocco)" 4672:Abun-Nasr, Jamil (1987). 4568:Marçais, Georges (1954). 4443:"Palace of Mulay Isma'il" 4343:Abun-Nasr, Jamil (1987). 4321:Deverdun, Gaston (1959). 3912:"Historic City of Meknes" 3380:3 trains every Sunday PM 3346: 3285: 3252: 3187: 3158: 3147: 2673:The Sahrij or Agdal Basin 2622:The Mausoleum complex of 2334:similar to Bab al-Mansur. 2162:View into the courtyard ( 2039:: The city's most famous 1849:El Mansour (1, 2, 3 et 4) 1722: 1674: 1627: 1553: 1483: 1413: 1343: 1273: 1203: 1198: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1186: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1174: 1171: 1168: 1165: 1162: 1159: 1151:Climate data for Meknes ( 806:Moulay Isma'il ibn Sharif 649:Skyline of the old city ( 619:Meknes is named after an 506: 461: 442: 368: • Municipality 217: 145: 127: 55: 46: 5638:Moulay Ismail University 5370:"Geminações de Santarém" 4524:Parker, Richard (1981). 3582:Moulay Ismail University 3517:Moulay Ismail University 3139:stations (round-trips): 2516:richly-decorated indoor 2364:. Since 2003 it holds a 2277:Kasbah of Moulay Isma'il 2265:Fortifications and gates 2071:Moulay Isma'il's palaces 5966:Archaeological Site of 5887:Sidi Abdallah Al Khayat 5549:Kasbah of Moulay Ismail 5349:"Ville jumelle: Meknes" 5206:Visiting Jewish Morocco 4586:Glacier, Osire (2016). 4278:Aouchar, Amina (2005). 3663:, Palestine, since 2017 3588:International relations 3395:The nearest airport is 2637:The Qubbat al-Khayyatin 2471:Kasbah of Moulay Ismail 2463:Kasbah of Moulay Ismail 2242:Sidi Mohammed Ben Aissa 1987:Kasbah of Moulay Ismail 1883:Ouislane (municipality) 941:Moulay Ahmad ad-Dhahabi 629: 597:imperial palace complex 448:Historic City of Meknes 5607:Bab Berdieyinne Mosque 5597:Grand Mosque of Meknes 4657:Maslow, Boris (1937). 4405:Daaïf, Lahcen (2013). 4387:Arnold, Felix (2017). 4094:Meknès, cité impériale 3769:, writer and historian 3733:, Norwegian politician 3711:, Moroccan MMA fighter 3650:, Portugal, since 1989 3045: 2937: 2840: 2466: 2170:Grand Mosque of Meknes 2024:Grand mosque of Meknes 2005:Often compared to the 2002: 1978: 1781:Deutscher Wetterdienst 1008: 1000: 966:royal military academy 931: 930:(photograph from 1881) 856:monumental palace-city 793: 754:, all built by Sultan 698:Grand Mosque of Meknes 654: 5777:Moulay Idriss Zerhoun 5188:Encyclopaedia Judaica 5089:"Musée Borj Bel Kari" 4974:. AFP. Archived from 4126:Yale University Press 3040: 2935: 2834: 2820:Moulay Idriss Zerhoun 2789:Moulay Idriss Zerhoun 2460: 2257:Sidi Kaddour el-Alami 2228:(pictured after 2010) 2147:Sidi Kaddour el-Alami 2101:Muhammad ibn Abdallah 2000: 1972: 1923:Toulal (municipality) 1889:Plaisance (El Menzeh) 1815:Belle Vue (1, 2 et 3) 1006: 995:A main street in the 994: 968:. He constructed the 962:Muhammad ibn Abdallah 925: 784: 740:Mosque of Lalla Aouda 648: 571:) is one of the four 401: • Summer ( 5762:Al Machouar - Stinia 5510:Historical monuments 5440:MeknesCity Newspaper 5047:"Bab Mansur al-'elj" 5002:Aujourd'hui le Maroc 4978:on February 22, 2010 3683:, Israeli politician 3637:, France, since 2005 3624:, France, since 2017 3481:improve this article 3185:West and South West 3072:improve this article 2867:improve this article 2562:Sahrij (Agdal Basin) 2407:Bab ad-Dar al-Kebira 2316:Bab ad-Dar al-Kebira 2017:Mosques and madrasas 1204:Record high °C (°F) 1117:lie east of Meknes. 1013:French colonial rule 981:Moulay Abd ar-Rahman 919:, completed in 1709. 796:It wasn't until the 730:was built in nearby 603:. It is the seat of 601:2014 Moroccan census 518:Al Machouar – Stinia 360: • Density 308: • Prefect 237:33.89500°N 5.55472°W 6015:Mazagan (El Jadida) 6013:Portuguese City of 5163:www.qantara-med.org 5139:www.qantara-med.org 5109:Morocco-guide.com. 4904:on 24 December 2012 4222:. LII (3): 255–275. 4128:. pp. 263–267. 3374:- Casa Ain-Sebaa - 3289:- Casa Ain-Sebaa - 3219:- Casa Ain-Sebaa - 2783:(Oualili), another 2524:Qubbat al-Khayyatin 2382:Bab Mansour al-'Alj 2226:Bab Berda'in Mosque 2082:Bab Berda'in Mosque 1484:Record low °C (°F) 1344:Daily mean °C (°F) 1101:with the cities of 928:Bab Barda'in Mosque 917:Bab Berda'in Mosque 715:in 1244. The first 449: 233: / 175:Show map of Morocco 172:Location in Morocco 114:, Sahrij es-Swani, 6004:(formerly Mogador) 5602:Lalla Aouda Mosque 5557:Bab Mansur al-'Alj 5534:Bou Inania Madrasa 5287:2016-05-05 at the 5251:World Bank Website 5227:"Dar Jamaï Museum" 5077:. Paris: Geuthner. 4782:on October 5, 2023 4756:on October 5, 2023 4604:Bentaleb, Hassan. 4441:Mezzine, Mohamed. 3827:"التعريف بالمدينة" 3751:, Moroccan athlete 3745:, Moroccan actress 3739:, Dutch journalist 3420:Mohammed V Airport 3046: 2938: 2841: 2495:Lalla Aouda Mosque 2467: 2395:Bab Jama' an-Nouar 2310:Bab Jama' an-Nouar 2304:Arabic inscription 2272:Bab Mansur al-'Alj 2212:Lalla Aouda Mosque 2185:Bou Inania Madrasa 2125:Mohamed ben 'Aissa 2087:Khnata bent Bakkar 2066:Lalla Aouda Mosque 2036:Madrasa Bou Inania 2003: 1979: 1153:Bassatine Air Base 1009: 1001: 945:father's mausoleum 932: 903:Khnata bent Bakkar 827:Sub-Saharan Africa 794: 744:Bou Inania Madrasa 685:miknāsat al-zaytūn 659:Timeline of Meknes 655: 342: • Total 321: • Total 300: • Mayor 242:33.89500; -5.55472 208:Show map of Africa 120:Bou Inania Madrasa 6040: 6039: 5972:Historic City of 5900: 5899: 5738:Meknès Prefecture 5704: 5703: 5633:Lycée Paul Valéry 5590:Places of worship 5585: 5584: 5115:Morocco-guide.com 4590:. Tarik Éditions. 4488:978-2-7297-1086-6 4081:. Paris: Terrail. 3978:978-90-04-09419-2 3767:Muhammad Al Barka 3727:singer and writer 3513: 3512: 3505: 3397:Fes-Saïss Airport 3384: 3383: 3339:Two trains a day 3104: 3103: 3096: 3014: 3013: 3007:Yura Corporation 2983:Delphi Automotive 2899: 2898: 2891: 2775:The ruins of the 2649:The Qara "Prison" 2598:Place Lalla Aouda 2485:Place Lalla Aouda 2127:, founder of the 1953:Meknès Prefecture 1944: 1943: 1787: 1786: 1677:relative humidity 709:Muhammad al-Nasir 679:tribe called the 635:Amazigh languages 605:Meknès Prefecture 589:Ismail Ibn Sharif 568:[maknaːs] 556: 537: 536: 502: 501: 350: • Rank 311:Abdelghani Sebbar 16:(Redirected from 6080: 5988: 5987: 5927: 5920: 5913: 5904: 5867:N'Zalat Bni Amar 5847:Karmet Ben Salem 5799: 5731: 5724: 5717: 5708: 5539:Dar Jamai Museum 5514: 5480: 5473: 5466: 5457: 5448: 5406: 5405: 5403: 5402: 5387: 5381: 5380: 5378: 5377: 5366: 5360: 5359: 5357: 5356: 5345: 5339: 5338: 5336: 5335: 5330:. City of Meknes 5324: 5315: 5314: 5312: 5311: 5305:visitafrica.site 5297: 5291: 5278: 5272: 5259: 5253: 5247: 5241: 5240: 5238: 5237: 5223: 5217: 5216: 5214: 5212: 5198: 5192: 5191: 5179: 5173: 5172: 5170: 5169: 5155: 5149: 5148: 5146: 5145: 5131: 5125: 5124: 5122: 5121: 5106: 5100: 5099: 5097: 5096: 5085: 5079: 5078: 5070: 5061: 5060: 5058: 5057: 5043: 5037: 5036: 5034: 5033: 5019: 5013: 5012: 5010: 5009: 4994: 4988: 4987: 4985: 4983: 4967: 4961: 4960: 4958: 4956: 4945: 4939: 4938: 4931: 4914: 4913: 4911: 4909: 4903: 4896: 4887: 4881: 4880: 4878: 4876: 4857: 4851: 4850: 4848: 4846: 4836: 4828: 4822: 4821: 4819: 4817: 4812:on June 16, 2010 4808:. Archived from 4798: 4792: 4791: 4789: 4787: 4772: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4761: 4746: 4740: 4739: 4737: 4736: 4720: 4714: 4709: 4703: 4702: 4694: 4688: 4687: 4669: 4663: 4662: 4654: 4648: 4647: 4645: 4644: 4630: 4621: 4620: 4618: 4617: 4601: 4592: 4591: 4583: 4574: 4573: 4565: 4548: 4547: 4539: 4530: 4529: 4521: 4498: 4497: 4496: 4495: 4470: 4451: 4450: 4438: 4429: 4428: 4426: 4402: 4393: 4392: 4384: 4359: 4358: 4340: 4327: 4326: 4318: 4309: 4308: 4306: 4305: 4290: 4284: 4283: 4275: 4224: 4223: 4215: 4198: 4197: 4179: 4130: 4129: 4117: 4098: 4097: 4089: 4083: 4082: 4074: 4063: 4062: 4052: 4035: 4034: 4004: 3983: 3982: 3954:Heinrichs, W. P. 3937: 3926: 3925: 3923: 3922: 3908: 3899: 3898: 3896: 3894: 3879: 3866: 3865: 3863: 3861: 3850: 3839: 3838: 3836: 3834: 3823: 3814: 3808: 3802: 3796: 3790: 3784: 3755:Kaddour El Alamy 3699:, Moroccan actor 3675:Abdeljalil Hadda 3659: 3658: 3646: 3645: 3633: 3632: 3620: 3619: 3508: 3501: 3497: 3494: 3488: 3465: 3457: 3429:Public Transport 3142: 3099: 3092: 3088: 3085: 3079: 3056: 3048: 2961: 2909:A December 2015 2894: 2887: 2883: 2880: 2874: 2851: 2843: 2815: 2800: 2762: 2750: 2719:Dar Jamaï Museum 2682: 2670: 2658: 2646: 2634: 2619: 2607: 2595: 2513:Ahmad ad-Dhahabi 2452: 2442: 2430: 2416: 2404: 2392: 2378: 2306:painted on tile. 2252: 2237: 2222: 2207: 2198:Nejjarine Mosque 2195: 2180: 2159: 2059:Nejjarine Mosque 1827:Borj Moulay Omar 1795: 1631: 1148: 868:prisoners of war 724:Abu Yusuf Ya'qub 694:Nejjarine Mosque 632: 593:Alaouite dynasty 570: 565: 561: 551: 549: 529: 514: 466: 456: 450: 438: 435: 433: 406: 303:Abdellah Bouanou 263: 261: 260: 248: 247: 245: 244: 243: 238: 234: 231: 230: 229: 226: 209: 195: 194: 188: 176: 162: 161: 155: 135: 102: 95: 84: 77: 66: 41: 40: 30: 21: 6088: 6087: 6083: 6082: 6081: 6079: 6078: 6077: 6043: 6042: 6041: 6036: 6019: 5989: 5982: 5978: 5936: 5931: 5901: 5896: 5837:Dar Oum Soltane 5800: 5791: 5750: 5740: 5735: 5705: 5700: 5684: 5680:Stade d'Honneur 5663: 5642: 5621: 5581: 5543: 5524:Bab al-Barda'in 5505: 5489: 5484: 5426: 5421: 5415: 5410: 5409: 5400: 5398: 5389: 5388: 5384: 5375: 5373: 5368: 5367: 5363: 5354: 5352: 5351:. City of Nîmes 5347: 5346: 5342: 5333: 5331: 5326: 5325: 5318: 5309: 5307: 5299: 5298: 5294: 5289:Wayback Machine 5279: 5275: 5260: 5256: 5248: 5244: 5235: 5233: 5225: 5224: 5220: 5210: 5208: 5200: 5199: 5195: 5181: 5180: 5176: 5167: 5165: 5157: 5156: 5152: 5143: 5141: 5133: 5132: 5128: 5119: 5117: 5108: 5107: 5103: 5094: 5092: 5087: 5086: 5082: 5072: 5071: 5064: 5055: 5053: 5045: 5044: 5040: 5031: 5029: 5021: 5020: 5016: 5007: 5005: 4996: 4995: 4991: 4981: 4979: 4969: 4968: 4964: 4954: 4952: 4947: 4946: 4942: 4933: 4932: 4917: 4907: 4905: 4901: 4894: 4889: 4888: 4884: 4874: 4872: 4859: 4858: 4854: 4844: 4842: 4834: 4830: 4829: 4825: 4815: 4813: 4800: 4799: 4795: 4785: 4783: 4774: 4773: 4769: 4759: 4757: 4748: 4747: 4743: 4734: 4732: 4722: 4721: 4717: 4710: 4706: 4696: 4695: 4691: 4684: 4671: 4670: 4666: 4656: 4655: 4651: 4642: 4640: 4632: 4631: 4624: 4615: 4613: 4603: 4602: 4595: 4585: 4584: 4577: 4567: 4566: 4551: 4541: 4540: 4533: 4523: 4522: 4501: 4493: 4491: 4489: 4472: 4471: 4454: 4440: 4439: 4432: 4404: 4403: 4396: 4386: 4385: 4362: 4355: 4342: 4341: 4330: 4320: 4319: 4312: 4303: 4301: 4292: 4291: 4287: 4277: 4276: 4227: 4220:Hespéris-Tamuda 4217: 4216: 4201: 4194: 4181: 4180: 4133: 4119: 4118: 4101: 4091: 4090: 4086: 4076: 4075: 4066: 4054: 4053: 4038: 4031: 4006: 4005: 3986: 3979: 3946:Bosworth, C. E. 3939: 3938: 3929: 3920: 3918: 3910: 3909: 3902: 3892: 3890: 3881: 3880: 3869: 3859: 3857: 3852: 3851: 3842: 3832: 3830: 3825: 3824: 3817: 3809: 3805: 3800:Meknes Web Site 3797: 3793: 3788:Meknes Web Site 3785: 3781: 3776: 3757:, Moroccan poet 3731:Karima Abd-Daif 3721:Houcine Toulali 3703:Faouzi Bensaïdi 3671: 3666: 3653: 3640: 3627: 3614: 3603: 3590: 3580:In addition to 3509: 3498: 3492: 3489: 3478: 3466: 3455: 3431: 3393: 3278:6 trains a day 3136: 3109: 3100: 3089: 3083: 3080: 3069: 3057: 3035: 3019: 2992:Lafarge Holcim 2959: 2957:Major companies 2950: 2927: 2907: 2905:Competitiveness 2895: 2884: 2878: 2875: 2864: 2852: 2829: 2822: 2816: 2807: 2803:Ruins of Roman 2801: 2773: 2766: 2763: 2754: 2751: 2714: 2697: 2690: 2683: 2674: 2671: 2662: 2659: 2650: 2647: 2638: 2635: 2626: 2620: 2611: 2608: 2599: 2596: 2544:King of Morocco 2473: 2455: 2448: 2443: 2434: 2431: 2422: 2417: 2408: 2405: 2396: 2393: 2384: 2379: 2339:Bab al-Barda'in 2281:Moulay Abdallah 2267: 2260: 2253: 2244: 2238: 2229: 2223: 2214: 2210:Minaret of the 2208: 2199: 2196: 2187: 2181: 2172: 2160: 2019: 1995: 1967: 1955: 1949: 1864:Hay El Fakharin 1843:El Malah Lakdim 1806:Ancienne Médina 1793: 1788: 1629: 1622: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1602: 1597: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1548: 1543: 1538: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1278: 1268: 1263: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1228: 1223: 1218: 1213: 1208: 1123: 1067: 989: 958:1755 earthquake 953: 937:Moulay Abdallah 779: 748:Madrasa al-Qadi 713:Marinid dynasty 666: 661: 643: 617: 563: 533: 532: 515: 511: 454: 445: 430: 422: 400: 258: 256: 241: 239: 235: 232: 227: 224: 222: 220: 219: 213: 212: 211: 210: 207: 206: 205:Meknes (Africa) 203: 202: 201: 200: 196: 179: 178: 177: 174: 173: 170: 169: 168: 167: 163: 141: 140: 139: 138: 123: 122:, Bab el-Khemis 108: 107: 106: 105: 104: 103: 96: 87: 86: 85: 78: 69: 68: 67: 51: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6086: 6084: 6076: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6045: 6044: 6038: 6037: 6035: 6034: 6032:Ait-Ben-Haddou 6027: 6025: 6021: 6020: 6018: 6017: 6011: 6005: 5997: 5995: 5991: 5990: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5976: 5970: 5964: 5957: 5951: 5944: 5942: 5938: 5937: 5932: 5930: 5929: 5922: 5915: 5907: 5898: 5897: 5895: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5808: 5806: 5805:Rural communes 5802: 5801: 5794: 5792: 5790: 5789: 5784: 5779: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5758: 5756: 5755:Municipalities 5752: 5751: 5745: 5742: 5741: 5736: 5734: 5733: 5726: 5719: 5711: 5702: 5701: 5699: 5698: 5692: 5690: 5686: 5685: 5683: 5682: 5677: 5671: 5669: 5665: 5664: 5662: 5661: 5656: 5650: 5648: 5644: 5643: 5641: 5640: 5635: 5629: 5627: 5623: 5622: 5620: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5593: 5591: 5587: 5586: 5583: 5582: 5580: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5559: 5553: 5551: 5545: 5544: 5542: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5520: 5518: 5511: 5507: 5506: 5504: 5503: 5497: 5495: 5491: 5490: 5485: 5483: 5482: 5475: 5468: 5460: 5454: 5453: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5425: 5424:External links 5422: 5414: 5411: 5408: 5407: 5382: 5361: 5340: 5316: 5292: 5273: 5254: 5242: 5218: 5193: 5174: 5150: 5126: 5101: 5080: 5062: 5038: 5014: 4989: 4962: 4940: 4915: 4882: 4871:. 10 July 2021 4852: 4823: 4793: 4767: 4741: 4715: 4704: 4689: 4682: 4664: 4649: 4622: 4593: 4575: 4549: 4531: 4499: 4487: 4452: 4430: 4417:(2): 243–266. 4394: 4360: 4353: 4328: 4310: 4285: 4225: 4199: 4193:978-3902782311 4192: 4131: 4099: 4084: 4064: 4036: 4029: 3984: 3977: 3950:van Donzel, E. 3927: 3900: 3867: 3840: 3815: 3803: 3791: 3778: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3771: 3770: 3764: 3758: 3752: 3749:Malika Akkaoui 3746: 3740: 3734: 3728: 3718: 3712: 3706: 3700: 3694: 3684: 3678: 3670: 3669:Notable people 3667: 3665: 3664: 3651: 3638: 3625: 3611: 3602: 3599: 3598: 3597: 3589: 3586: 3578: 3577: 3566: 3565: 3562: 3551: 3550: 3547: 3544: 3541: 3538: 3535: 3511: 3510: 3469: 3467: 3460: 3454: 3451: 3450: 3449: 3446: 3430: 3427: 3392: 3389: 3382: 3381: 3378: 3345: 3341: 3340: 3337: 3287:Casa Voyageurs 3284: 3280: 3279: 3276: 3274:Ksar es-Seghir 3251: 3247: 3246: 3245:Every 2 hours 3243: 3221:Casa Voyageurs 3186: 3182: 3181: 3180:Every 2 hours 3178: 3176:Casa Voyageurs 3157: 3153: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3135: 3132: 3108: 3105: 3102: 3101: 3060: 3058: 3051: 3034: 3031: 3018: 3015: 3012: 3011: 3008: 3004: 3003: 3000: 2996: 2995: 2993: 2989: 2988: 2985: 2979: 2978: 2975: 2969: 2968: 2965: 2958: 2955: 2949: 2946: 2926: 2923: 2906: 2903: 2897: 2896: 2855: 2853: 2846: 2828: 2825: 2824: 2823: 2817: 2810: 2808: 2802: 2795: 2772: 2771:Outlying sites 2769: 2768: 2767: 2764: 2757: 2755: 2752: 2745: 2742: 2741: 2735: 2713: 2710: 2709: 2708: 2705: 2696: 2693: 2692: 2691: 2685:Arches of the 2684: 2677: 2675: 2672: 2665: 2663: 2660: 2653: 2651: 2648: 2641: 2639: 2636: 2629: 2627: 2624:Moulay Isma'il 2621: 2614: 2612: 2609: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2590: 2587: 2586: 2583:Heri al-Mansur 2580: 2571:phreatic table 2552: 2540:Dar al-Makhzen 2537: 2521: 2504: 2498: 2469:Main article: 2454: 2451: 2450: 2449: 2444: 2437: 2435: 2432: 2425: 2423: 2418: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2399: 2397: 2394: 2387: 2385: 2380: 2373: 2370: 2369: 2345: 2343: 2335: 2319: 2313: 2307: 2266: 2263: 2262: 2261: 2254: 2247: 2245: 2239: 2232: 2230: 2224: 2217: 2215: 2209: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2190: 2188: 2182: 2175: 2173: 2161: 2154: 2151: 2150: 2140: 2110: 2107:Zitouna Mosque 2104: 2097:Ar-Roua Mosque 2094: 2078: 2075:Moulay Isma'il 2062: 2056: 2032: 2018: 2015: 1994: 1993:Place el-Hedim 1991: 1966: 1963: 1951:Main article: 1948: 1945: 1942: 1941: 1940: 1939: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1927: 1924: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1912: 1907: 1906: 1905: 1902: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1871:Kasbat Hadress 1867: 1866: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1844: 1841: 1840:El Hedim Place 1838: 1833: 1832: 1831: 1828: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1816: 1813: 1810: 1807: 1804: 1801: 1792: 1789: 1785: 1784: 1776: 1775: 1767: 1766: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1751: 1748: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1730: 1727: 1725:sunshine hours 1720: 1719: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1698: 1695: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1683: 1680: 1672: 1671: 1668: 1665: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1647: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1625: 1624: 1619: 1614: 1609: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1551: 1550: 1545: 1540: 1535: 1530: 1525: 1520: 1515: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1490: 1485: 1481: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1465: 1460: 1455: 1450: 1445: 1440: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1411: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1341: 1340: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1305: 1300: 1295: 1290: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1271: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1201: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1157: 1156: 1146: 1122: 1119: 1066: 1063: 1027:Ville Nouvelle 1018:Ville Nouvelle 997:Ville Nouvelle 988: 985: 970:Er-Roua Mosque 952: 949: 791:Moulay Isma'il 778: 775: 752:Madrasa Shuhud 665: 662: 642: 639: 616: 613: 535: 534: 531: 530: 508: 507: 504: 503: 500: 499: 492: 488: 487: 482: 478: 477: 474: 468: 467: 459: 458: 443: 440: 439: 428: 424: 423: 420: 418: 414: 413: 407: 397: 396: 386: 380: 379: 377: 373: 372: 369: 365: 364: 361: 357: 356: 354:6th in Morocco 351: 347: 346: 343: 339: 338: 334: 333: 330: 326: 325: 322: 318: 317: 313: 312: 309: 305: 304: 301: 297: 296: 292: 291: 286: 280: 279: 274: 268: 267: 254: 250: 249: 215: 214: 204: 198: 197: 190: 189: 183: 182: 181: 180: 171: 165: 164: 157: 156: 150: 149: 148: 147: 146: 143: 142: 136: 130: 129: 128: 125: 124: 109: 97: 90: 89: 88: 79: 72: 71: 70: 61: 60: 59: 58: 57: 56: 53: 52: 47: 44: 43: 36: 33: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6085: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 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el-Khemis 5527: 5525: 5522: 5521: 5519: 5515: 5512: 5508: 5502: 5499: 5498: 5496: 5492: 5488: 5481: 5476: 5474: 5469: 5467: 5462: 5461: 5458: 5451: 5447: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5427: 5423: 5420: 5412: 5397: 5393: 5386: 5383: 5371: 5365: 5362: 5350: 5344: 5341: 5329: 5323: 5321: 5317: 5306: 5302: 5296: 5293: 5290: 5286: 5283: 5282:SIAM Web Site 5277: 5274: 5270: 5269: 5264: 5258: 5255: 5252: 5246: 5243: 5232: 5228: 5222: 5219: 5207: 5203: 5197: 5194: 5189: 5185: 5178: 5175: 5164: 5160: 5154: 5151: 5140: 5136: 5130: 5127: 5116: 5112: 5105: 5102: 5090: 5084: 5081: 5076: 5069: 5067: 5063: 5052: 5048: 5042: 5039: 5028: 5027:Lonely Planet 5024: 5018: 5015: 5003: 4999: 4993: 4990: 4977: 4973: 4966: 4963: 4950: 4944: 4941: 4936: 4930: 4928: 4926: 4924: 4922: 4920: 4916: 4900: 4893: 4886: 4883: 4870: 4866: 4862: 4856: 4853: 4840: 4833: 4827: 4824: 4811: 4807: 4803: 4797: 4794: 4781: 4777: 4771: 4768: 4755: 4751: 4745: 4742: 4730: 4726: 4719: 4716: 4713: 4708: 4705: 4700: 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Flammarion. 4281: 4274: 4272: 4270: 4268: 4266: 4264: 4262: 4260: 4258: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4248: 4246: 4244: 4242: 4240: 4238: 4236: 4234: 4232: 4230: 4226: 4221: 4214: 4212: 4210: 4208: 4206: 4204: 4200: 4195: 4189: 4185: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4172: 4170: 4168: 4166: 4164: 4162: 4160: 4158: 4156: 4154: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4146: 4144: 4142: 4140: 4138: 4136: 4132: 4127: 4123: 4116: 4114: 4112: 4110: 4108: 4106: 4104: 4100: 4095: 4088: 4085: 4080: 4073: 4071: 4069: 4065: 4060: 4059: 4051: 4049: 4047: 4045: 4043: 4041: 4037: 4032: 4030:9780195309911 4026: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4003: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3989: 3985: 3980: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3964: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3947: 3943: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3928: 3917: 3913: 3907: 3905: 3901: 3888: 3885:(in French). 3884: 3878: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3868: 3855: 3849: 3847: 3845: 3841: 3828: 3822: 3820: 3816: 3813: 3807: 3804: 3801: 3795: 3792: 3789: 3783: 3780: 3773: 3768: 3765: 3762: 3761:Chuck Martini 3759: 3756: 3753: 3750: 3747: 3744: 3741: 3738: 3735: 3732: 3729: 3726: 3722: 3719: 3716: 3713: 3710: 3709:Khalid Ismail 3707: 3704: 3701: 3698: 3695: 3692: 3688: 3685: 3682: 3679: 3676: 3673: 3672: 3668: 3662: 3657: 3652: 3649: 3644: 3639: 3636: 3631: 3626: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3612: 3610: 3608: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3591: 3587: 3585: 3583: 3575: 3574: 3573: 3571: 3563: 3560: 3559: 3558: 3556: 3548: 3545: 3542: 3539: 3536: 3533: 3532: 3531: 3528: 3526: 3522: 3518: 3507: 3504: 3496: 3486: 3482: 3476: 3475: 3470:This section 3468: 3464: 3459: 3458: 3452: 3447: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3435: 3434: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3421: 3416: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3402: 3398: 3390: 3388: 3379: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3343: 3342: 3338: 3336: 3332: 3328: 3324: 3320: 3316: 3312: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3292: 3288: 3282: 3281: 3277: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3266:Ksar el-Kebir 3263: 3259: 3255: 3249: 3248: 3244: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3222: 3218: 3214: 3210: 3206: 3202: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3184: 3183: 3179: 3177: 3173: 3169: 3165: 3161: 3155: 3154: 3150: 3144: 3143: 3140: 3133: 3131: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3120:Gare Routière 3116: 3114: 3113:A2 expressway 3106: 3098: 3095: 3087: 3077: 3073: 3067: 3066: 3061:This section 3059: 3055: 3050: 3049: 3044:train station 3043: 3039: 3032: 3030: 3028: 3024: 3016: 3009: 3006: 3005: 3001: 2998: 2997: 2994: 2991: 2990: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2980: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2970: 2966: 2963: 2962: 2956: 2954: 2947: 2945: 2943: 2934: 2930: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2904: 2902: 2893: 2890: 2882: 2872: 2868: 2862: 2861: 2856:This section 2854: 2850: 2845: 2844: 2838: 2833: 2826: 2821: 2814: 2809: 2806: 2799: 2794: 2792: 2790: 2786: 2782: 2778: 2770: 2761: 2756: 2749: 2744: 2739: 2736: 2733: 2729: 2728:Moulay Hassan 2726:under Sultan 2725: 2721: 2720: 2716: 2715: 2711: 2706: 2703: 2699: 2698: 2694: 2688: 2687:Heri as-Swani 2681: 2676: 2669: 2664: 2657: 2652: 2645: 2640: 2633: 2628: 2625: 2618: 2613: 2606: 2601: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2581: 2577: 2572: 2568: 2564: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2556:Heri as-Swani 2553: 2549: 2545: 2541: 2538: 2535: 2531: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2519: 2514: 2510: 2509: 2505: 2502: 2501:Dar el-Kebira 2499: 2496: 2492: 2491: 2486: 2483: 2482: 2481: 2479: 2472: 2464: 2459: 2447: 2441: 2436: 2429: 2424: 2421: 2420:Bab el-Khemis 2415: 2410: 2403: 2398: 2391: 2386: 2383: 2377: 2372: 2367: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2350: 2346: 2344: 2341: 2340: 2336: 2333: 2329: 2325: 2324: 2323:Bab el-Khemis 2320: 2317: 2314: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2301: 2298: 2294: 2293: 2288: 2287: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2273: 2269: 2268: 2264: 2258: 2251: 2246: 2243: 2236: 2231: 2227: 2221: 2216: 2213: 2206: 2201: 2194: 2189: 2186: 2179: 2174: 2171: 2167: 2166: 2158: 2153: 2148: 2144: 2141: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2121: 2116: 2115: 2111: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2083: 2079: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2067: 2063: 2060: 2057: 2054: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2037: 2033: 2030: 2026: 2025: 2021: 2020: 2016: 2014: 2012: 2008: 2007:Jemaa el-Fnaa 1999: 1992: 1990: 1988: 1984: 1976: 1971: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1954: 1946: 1937: 1934: 1931: 1928: 1925: 1922: 1919: 1916: 1914:Sidi Bouzekri 1913: 1910: 1909: 1908: 1903: 1900: 1897: 1894: 1891: 1888: 1886:Place d'Armes 1885: 1882: 1879: 1876: 1873: 1870: 1869: 1868: 1863: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1848: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1836: 1835: 1834: 1829: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1811: 1809:Bab El Khmiss 1808: 1805: 1802: 1799: 1798: 1797: 1796: 1790: 1782: 1777: 1773: 1768: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1752: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1728: 1726: 1723:Mean monthly 1721: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1705: 1702: 1699: 1696: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1673: 1669: 1666: 1663: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1645: 1642: 1639: 1636: 1633: 1626: 1620: 1615: 1610: 1605: 1600: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1580: 1575: 1570: 1565: 1560: 1557: 1556:precipitation 1552: 1546: 1541: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1521: 1516: 1511: 1506: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1482: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1412: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1342: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1281: 1276: 1272: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1206: 1202: 1158: 1154: 1149: 1145: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1132: 1128: 1125:Meknes has a 1120: 1118: 1116: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1064: 1062: 1060: 1059:Heri es-Swani 1056: 1051: 1046: 1044: 1040: 1034: 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1019: 1014: 1005: 998: 993: 986: 984: 982: 977: 976: 971: 967: 963: 959: 950: 948: 946: 942: 938: 929: 924: 920: 918: 914: 913: 908: 904: 900: 895: 891: 887: 882: 881:Mellah of Fes 878: 877: 871: 869: 866: 862: 857: 852: 850: 846: 842: 838: 834: 833: 828: 824: 820: 816: 811: 807: 803: 802:Moulay Rashid 799: 792: 788: 783: 774: 772: 768: 764: 759: 757: 756:Abu el-Hassan 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 722: 718: 714: 710: 706: 701: 699: 695: 690: 686: 682: 678: 674: 670: 663: 660: 652: 647: 640: 638: 636: 631: 626: 622: 614: 612: 610: 606: 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 569: 560: 554: 545: 541: 527: 523: 519: 513: 510: 505: 497: 493: 486: 483: 475: 473: 465: 460: 457: 451: 441: 437: 429: 419: 411: 408: 404: 394: 390: 387: 385: 378: 370: 362: 355: 352: 344: 331: 323: 310: 302: 290: 287: 285: 278: 275: 273: 266: 255: 246: 218:Coordinates: 187: 154: 134: 121: 117: 113: 101: 94: 83: 76: 65: 50: 45: 31: 19: 5973: 5882:Oued Rommane 5771: 5747: 5562:Borj Belkari 5486: 5413:Bibliography 5399:. 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Retrieved 4297: 4288: 4279: 4219: 4183: 4121: 4093: 4087: 4078: 4057: 4012: 3968: 3961: 3919:. Retrieved 3915: 3891:. Retrieved 3860:29 September 3858:. Retrieved 3831:. Retrieved 3806: 3794: 3782: 3743:Latefa Ahrar 3697:Driss Roukhe 3604: 3579: 3567: 3552: 3529: 3514: 3499: 3490: 3479:Please help 3474:verification 3471: 3432: 3424: 3417: 3412: 3404: 3394: 3385: 3356:Sidi Slimane 3347: 3314: 3307:Sidi Slimane 3257: 3201:Sidi Slimane 3192: 3163: 3137: 3123: 3119: 3117: 3110: 3090: 3081: 3070:Please help 3065:verification 3062: 3042:Meknès Ville 3041: 3026: 3020: 2951: 2941: 2939: 2928: 2908: 2900: 2885: 2876: 2865:Please help 2860:verification 2857: 2818:The town of 2774: 2737: 2732:Jamai Palace 2724:Grand Vizier 2717: 2582: 2561: 2558: 2555: 2539: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2506: 2500: 2488: 2484: 2474: 2446:Borj Belkari 2433:Bab Berda'in 2349:Borj Belkari 2347: 2337: 2331: 2321: 2315: 2309: 2290: 2286:darj-wa-ktaf 2284: 2270: 2163: 2142: 2136: 2118: 2112: 2106: 2096: 2080: 2064: 2058: 2049:Abu al-Hasan 2034: 2022: 2004: 1980: 1956: 1824:Borj Meshqoq 1803:Al Bassatine 1558:mm (inches) 1133: 1124: 1075:Middle Atlas 1068: 1054: 1047: 1035: 1026: 1016: 1010: 996: 973: 954: 933: 910: 893: 874: 872: 860: 853: 830: 822: 795: 760: 751: 747: 702: 684: 667: 618: 539: 538: 512: 476:Cultural: iv 5862:Mrhassiyine 5827:Ait Ouallal 5577:Qara Prison 5091:(in French) 5004:(in French) 4982:20 February 4955:20 February 4845:January 26, 4731:(in French) 4612:(in French) 4300:(in French) 4280:Fès, Meknès 3967:Volume VII: 3958:Pellat, Ch. 3812:Map Website 3723:- Moroccan 3687:Aziza Jalal 3530:In Meknes: 3493:August 2020 3418:Otherwise, 3124:grand taxis 3118:The city's 3084:August 2020 2977:March 2016 2925:Agriculture 2879:August 2020 2534:Qara Prison 2530:Qara Prison 2461:Map of the 2360:in Meknes, 1929:Wjeh Arouss 1837:Diour Salam 1045:and Rabat. 1031:viniculture 728:Fes el-Jdid 653:) of Meknes 494:1996 (20th 491:Inscription 417:Postal code 412:(UTC+01:00) 240: / 112:Bab Mansour 6047:Categories 6007:Medina of 6000:Medina of 5959:Medina of 5947:Medina of 5877:Oued Jdida 5767:Boufakrane 5675:COD Meknès 5417:See also: 5401:2024-07-07 5376:2020-07-22 5355:2016-05-25 5334:2017-05-21 5310:2021-04-23 5236:2020-08-04 5168:2020-06-07 5144:2020-06-07 5120:2020-07-07 5095:2020-07-07 5056:2020-07-07 5032:2020-08-04 5008:2020-11-30 4865:ogimet.com 4786:October 5, 4760:October 5, 4735:2023-03-13 4683:0521337674 4643:2020-04-22 4616:2020-04-22 4610:Libération 4494:2020-06-07 4411:Al-Qantara 4354:0521337674 4304:2020-04-21 3921:2020-08-04 3833:25 October 3774:References 3737:Laïla Abid 3691:Arabic Pop 3681:Aryeh Deri 3605:Meknes is 3555:Errachidia 3521:Errachidia 3439:prefecture 3372:Mohammedia 3352:Sidi Kacem 3311:Sidi Kacem 3291:Mohammedia 3262:Sidi Kacem 3237:Ben Guerir 3225:Casa Oasis 3217:Mohammedia 3197:Sidi Kacem 3151:Frequency 3145:Direction 2911:World Bank 2839:(old city) 2695:Synagogues 2255:Zawiya of 2240:Zawiya of 2131:, a major 2029:Almoravids 2009:square in 1959:prefecture 1947:Prefecture 1821:Bni-Mhmmed 1779:Source 2: 1770:Source 1: 1630:(≥ 1.0 mm) 1091:Casablanca 1043:Casablanca 999:(new city) 886:Bab Khemis 689:Almoravids 671:, a major 657:See also: 609:Fès-Meknès 581:Almoravids 564:pronounced 337:Population 295:Government 284:Prefecture 277:Fès-Meknès 225:33°53′42″N 6009:Marrakesh 6002:Essaouira 5968:Volubilis 5832:Charqaoua 5817:Ain Karma 5812:Ain Jemaa 5746:Capital: 5626:Education 5396:Lynn News 3893:9 October 3593:See also 3453:Education 3376:Casa Port 3241:Marrakesh 3229:Berrechid 3033:Transport 2805:Volubilis 2781:Volubilis 2168:) of the 2129:Aissawiya 2011:Marrakesh 1932:Zerhounia 1926:Volubilis 1917:Sidi Said 1911:Sidi Baba 1904:Sidi Amar 1898:Rouamzine 1880:Neejarine 1858:Hay Salam 1065:Geography 1039:bourgeois 865:Christian 810:Marrakesh 787:Mausoleum 771:Marrakesh 669:Volubilis 630:Imeknasen 615:Etymology 553:romanized 481:Reference 384:Time zone 329:Elevation 228:5°33′17″W 6030:Ksar of 6024:Southern 5941:Northern 5822:Ain Orma 5782:Ouislane 5501:Timeline 5285:Archived 5184:"Meknès" 4816:June 19, 4729:Médias24 4009:"Meknès" 3960:(eds.). 3942:"Miknās" 3648:Santarém 3570:Khenifra 3525:Khenifra 3443:El Hajeb 3331:Taourirt 3017:Services 2999:Salidor 2948:Industry 2779:town of 2490:mechouar 2300:tilework 2053:Abu Inan 1920:Touargua 1861:Hacienda 1846:El Manar 1765:2,913.5 1675:Average 1623:(18.16) 1554:Average 1269:(116.2) 1249:(109.4) 1244:(115.2) 1239:(116.2) 1234:(111.0) 1229:(107.1) 1087:Tafilalt 912:de facto 899:Tafilalt 861:el-Hedim 821:slaves ( 815:Tafilalt 798:Alaouite 763:Wattasid 705:Almohads 526:Ouislane 472:Criteria 5994:Central 5961:Tétouan 5872:Oualili 5857:Majjate 5842:Dkhissa 5647:Culture 5494:History 5051:Archnet 4908:15 July 4875:10 July 3969:Mif–Naz 3715:H-Kayne 3661:Tulkarm 3607:twinned 3360:Kenitra 3327:Guercif 3303:Kenitra 3270:Tangier 3205:Kenitra 3168:Kenitra 3023:tourism 2919:Tangier 2827:Economy 2734:in Fes. 2712:Museums 2576:vaulted 2559:and the 2527:and the 2368:museum. 2366:pottery 2362:Morocco 2354:bastion 2137:moussem 2091:minaret 2047:sultan 2045:Marinid 2041:madrasa 1938:Zitoune 1874:Marjane 1852:Ennasre 1830:Kamilia 1818:Berrima 1812:Bel Air 1618:(2.58) 1613:(2.49) 1608:(1.94) 1603:(0.86) 1598:(0.13) 1593:(0.04) 1588:(0.33) 1583:(1.13) 1578:(1.80) 1573:(2.26) 1568:(2.17) 1563:(2.42) 1549:(24.4) 1544:(26.6) 1539:(32.0) 1534:(36.0) 1529:(41.0) 1524:(48.2) 1519:(45.0) 1514:(41.4) 1509:(32.7) 1504:(32.9) 1499:(30.6) 1494:(27.3) 1489:(24.4) 1479:(52.7) 1474:(43.5) 1469:(48.6) 1464:(56.3) 1459:(61.2) 1454:(65.7) 1449:(64.8) 1444:(59.7) 1439:(54.3) 1434:(48.9) 1429:(46.0) 1424:(42.3) 1419:(41.0) 1409:(64.2) 1404:(53.1) 1399:(58.3) 1394:(67.3) 1389:(73.4) 1384:(79.5) 1379:(79.2) 1374:(73.4) 1369:(66.7) 1364:(60.1) 1359:(56.8) 1354:(52.5) 1349:(50.7) 1339:(75.6) 1334:(62.4) 1329:(67.8) 1324:(78.3) 1319:(85.5) 1314:(93.4) 1309:(93.4) 1304:(86.7) 1299:(79.0) 1294:(71.1) 1289:(67.3) 1284:(62.6) 1279:(60.4) 1264:(80.8) 1259:(97.5) 1254:(99.9) 1224:(97.5) 1219:(90.7) 1214:(87.3) 1209:(80.4) 1121:Climate 1107:Tétouan 1103:Tangier 1099:Morocco 1071:Morocco 890:kasbahs 841:Algeria 837:Ottoman 825:) from 767:Saadian 736:viziers 681:Miknasa 641:History 625:Miknasa 621:Amazigh 585:Morocco 577:Morocco 555:: 496:Session 434:.meknes 427:Website 371:520,428 345:632,079 265:Morocco 253:Country 6058:Meknes 5974:Meknes 5852:M'Haya 5787:Toulal 5772:Meknes 5748:Meknes 5517:Medina 5487:Meknes 5450:Meknes 5211:6 June 4869:OGIMET 4806:Ogimet 4680: 4485: 4351: 4190: 4027: 3975: 3956:& 3725:Malhun 3693:singer 3609:with: 3348:Meknes 3315:Meknes 3258:Meknes 3250:North 3233:Settat 3193:Meknes 3164:Meknes 3148:Route 3027:medina 2973:Yazaki 2915:Africa 2837:medina 2567:norias 2478:kasbah 2332:zellij 2328:Mellah 2297:mosaic 2292:zellij 2120:zawiya 1983:medina 1975:medina 1935:Zehoua 1877:Mellah 1762:165.8 1759:176.5 1756:227.7 1753:264.4 1750:328.4 1747:347.8 1744:305.5 1741:283.4 1738:236.9 1735:226.6 1732:176.2 1729:174.3 1160:Month 1079:Ifrane 1050:ICOMOS 907:vizier 876:Mellah 849:Sahara 721:sultan 717:kasbah 677:Berber 651:medina 559:maknās 544:Arabic 540:Meknes 522:Toulal 376: 289:Meknes 272:Region 262: 199:Meknes 166:Meknes 34:Meknes 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