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intriguing new ways to shade and dramatize sound. My decision to use four
Mellophoniums didn't just happen overnight. Nor are they gimmick instruments. Both the arranging staff and myself realized the need for an instrument that would capture the width of sound that virtually lay untouched between the trumpets and trombones. We first tried ten trumpets—five B flat and five E flat. They didn't make it because it was impossible to distinguish any difference between the two instruments....After experimenting for two days with the flugelhorn, we were ready to give it up completely! Finally, the Conn Instrument Corporation learned that we were interested in locating a new brass instrument and asked us to try the mellophonium. After much experimentation and many preliminary rehearsals, the Mellophonium became the answer we had been looking for."
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with facility to switch to Eb. Older instruments often included the capability of playing in the key of D and/or C as well. It was used as an alto voice both outdoors and indoors by community and school bands in place of the French horn. The manufacture of these instruments declined significantly in the mid-twentieth century, and they are rarely in use today. In some instances these are called a Tenor Cor.
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911:("funnel") mouthpiece, as used on French horns, with an adapter to allow them to fit in the larger-bore leadpipe of the mellophone. This style mouthpiece gives the instrument a warmer sound than using a trumpet mouthpiece, and allows French horn players to play the mellophone without changing their embouchure between the two instruments.
1100:
The marching mellophone is used in place of the horn for marching because it is a bell-front instrument allowing projection of the sound in the direction that the player is facing. This is especially important in drum corps and marching bands because the audience is typically on only one side of the
991:
The traditional instrument is visually modeled on the horn, with a round shape and a rear-facing bell and has come to be known as a "classic" or "concert" mellophone. Unlike French horns, it is played with the right hand, and the bell points to the rear left of the player and is generally keyed in F
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These instruments are used instead of French horns for marching because their bells face forward instead of to the back (or to the side), as dissipation of the sound becomes a concern in the open-air environment of marching. Tuning is done solely by adjusting the tuning slide, unlike the French horn
1360:
Courtois came out with an instrument that bore the name of a virtuoso cornetist and instrument builder named Herman Koenig, this instrument being called the Koenig horn. Koenig's role is uncertain - he was a very good instrument builder in his own right, but it is also possible that the instruments
1152:
In 1962, Kenton explained: "For some time, I recognized the need for using an instrument that would not only give the orchestra another solo voice, but would add more warmth and emphasis to the thematic line. The
Mellophonium has not only met all the preliminary requirements, but has also suggested
1156:
The instrument could be played by a trumpeter with relative ease, though most
Mellophonium players in Kenton's band were reluctant users of the instrument due to its difficulty to play in-tune particularly in the higher registers. Several trumpeters quit in protest rather than switch full-time to
1110:
Another factor in the greater use of mellophones is its ease of use as compared to the difficulty of playing a French horn consistently well. In a French horn, the length of tubing (and the bore size) make the partials much closer together than other brass instruments in their normal range and,
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The direction of the bell as well as the much-reduced amount of tubing (compared to a French horn) make the mellophone look like a large trumpet. The mellophone uses the same mouthpiece as the alto (tenor) horn, which is in between the size of a trombone and trumpet mouthpiece. This mouthpiece
1148:
himself was not involved in the design of the mellophonium; in 1961, however, he provided an endorsement for Conn's advertising upon adopting the instrument. Kenton had, for several years, wished to add another brass voice alongside the trumpets and trombones in his orchestra and experimented
1114:
The mellophone is an instrument designed specifically to bring the approximate sound of a horn in a package which is conducive to playing while marching. Outside a marching setting, the traditional French horn is ubiquitous and the mellophone is rarely used.
849:, and most valved brass instruments. Owing to its use primarily outside concert music, there is little solo literature for the mellophone, other than that used within drum and bugle corps, and a single concerto written for the instrument.
1143:
developed its 16E "Mellophonium" and first marketed it in 1957. It is essentially a "classic" or "concert" mellophone that has figuratively been partially unwrapped to form a bell forward instrument. American bandleader
2164:
988:. These were also post horn-like instruments with valves, but the mouthpieces and bell angle were slowly evolving to allow for more projection and control of sound with the technology of valves.
1111:
therefore, harder to play accurately. The F mellophone has tubing half the length of a French horn, which gives it an overtone series more similar to a trumpet and most other brass instruments.
1157:
Mellophonium, and only a few band members preferred the new instrument. Kenton used a four-man mellophonium section
September 1960 through November 1963 on 11 albums; two of those LPs received
899:, and has a wider inner diameter than a trumpet mouthpiece. These mouthpieces give the mellophone a dark, round sound. Some trumpet players who double on mellophone use a trumpet-style
861:, operated with the right hand (1- and 2- valve mellophone bugles have been used in the past). Mellophone fingerings are the same as the trumpet. It is typically pitched lower, in the
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French horns with a bell-front configuration; these do use a horn mouthpiece and have a more French horn-like sound, but are more difficult to play accurately on the field.
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In general, the mellophone has its origin in the horn design boom of the 19th century. The earliest version was the Koenig horn, based on a design by
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on the instrument, resulting in a much brighter, more trumpet-like sound. Horn players doubling on mellophone often use a smaller, lighter,
970:— the kind used on a modern trumpet, which were a relatively new technology at that time — and was otherwise shaped somewhat like a modern
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1136:'s orchestra, which variously used mellophone mouthpieces and a specially designed horn-trumpet hybrid mouthpiece for Stan Kenton's band.
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ensemble. Mellophones are usually constructed with a smaller bore for louder volume than marching French horns. There are also marching B
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company manufactured mellophoniums with a trumpet like lead pipe and valve assembly with the rest being comparable to a mellophonium.
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Mellophone bugles keyed in G were manufactured for
American drum and bugle corps from approximately the 1950s until around 2000 when
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unsuccessfully with additional instruments, before discovering the Conn
Mellophonium, which bridged the gap he was seeking to fill:
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where the pitch is affected by the hand position in the bell. Fingerings for the mellophone are the same as fingerings for the
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were built by
Courtois at a suggestion or request by Koenig, or the two men may have worked together on the instrument
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originally began using the name "mellophone" for its line of horns based loosely on similar instruments by
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Traditional "Concert" or "Classic" mellophones with a rear or sideways facing bell similar to the
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Sparke, Michael (2010). "Stan Kenton: This Is An
Orchestra". University of North Texas Press.
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Photographs of pre-1960 instruments manufactured by Conn, shown at the Conn
Loyalist website
1443:, North Texas Lives of Musicians 5 (Denton: University of North Texas Press, 2010): 170–80.
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also produced a mellophonium, with the shape of the tubing more reminiscent of the cornet.
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807:. It is a middle-voiced instrument, typically pitched in the key of F, though models in E
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This article is about the brass instrument. For the portable free reed instrument, see
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Modern marching mellophones are more directly related to bugle-horns such as the
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1014:. Their tube profile is likewise more conical than the trumpet or trombone.
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1279:"Shades of Red (2019 | 10'45") • Mellophone Concerto (Advanced)"
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879:. The tubing length of a mellophone is the same as that of the
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List of euphonium, baritone horn and tenor horn manufacturers
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company manufactured mellophoniums with the same wrap as the
218:
1478:- blog by John Ericson, associate professor of horn at ASU
1372:"Stan explains his new sound." Crescendo, August 1962, 4.
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changed the rules to allow brass instruments in any key.
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of the F mellophone is an octave above that of the F
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The marching mellophone, with a forward-facing bell.
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829:. It can also be used to play French horn parts in
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56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1439:(May 1993, accessed 28 May 2015); Michael Sparke,
1249:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
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1185:A Vincent Bach Mercedes F Marching Mellophone
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8:
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1415:(East Lansing: Artistry Press, 1989): 141.
1056:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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931:Two instruments carry the name mellophone:
817:) have also historically existed. It has a
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1076:Learn how and when to remove this message
895:usually has a deep cup, like that of the
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1425:Stan Kenton’s Mellophonium Sound Reborn
1238:Myers, Arnold (2001). "Mellophone". In
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282:
127:
1431:(18 September 2012); Scooter Pirtle "
857:The present-day mellophone has three
7:
1327:"Al's Mellophone Page - Mouthpieces"
1054:adding citations to reliable sources
54:adding citations to reliable sources
1441:Stan Kenton: This Is an Orchestra!
1413:Stan Kenton: The Man and His Music
1094:U.S. Marine Drum & Bugle Corps
14:
1132:The type of Mellophonium used by
883:or the F-alto (high) branch of a
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134:
30:
1352:"The History of the Mellophone"
41:needs additional citations for
2083:Drum and bugle corps (classic)
1:
2088:Drum and bugle corps (modern)
1472:, including MelloCast podcast
1433:The Stan Kenton Mellophoniums
1400:The Stan Kenton Mellophoniums
1402:(1993), Middlehornleader.com
966:. The Koenig horn had three
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2150:Pitch of brass instruments
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2196:Marching band instruments
881:F-alto (high) single horn
242:
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1252:(2nd ed.). London:
1207:Vincent Bach Corporation
1191:Vincent Bach Corporation
1164:Kenton's West Side Story
1124:Stan Kenton's instrument
1018:Difference from the horn
997:Drum Corps International
159:Mellophonium, tenor cor,
1356:Alsmiddlebrasspages.com
1331:Alsmiddlebrasspages.com
1096:mellophone bugle player
1934:Marching baritone horn
1465:The Middle Horn Leader
1437:The Middle Horn Leader
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950:, but manufactured by
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2119:Classical trombonists
1716:Double bell euphonium
1197:F. E. Olds instrument
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1470:Al's Mellophone Page
1254:Macmillan Publishers
1050:improve this section
813:, D, C, and G (as a
801:drum and bugle corps
171:Altkorno, Alt-Corno,
50:improve this article
1283:RYAN WILLIAMS MUSIC
889:double-descant horn
821:, like that of the
699:Electronic keyboard
284:Musical instruments
278:Part of a series on
237:Related instruments
130:
2068:British brass band
1939:Marching euphonium
1706:Subcontrabass tuba
1411:Lillian Arganian,
1303:"Mellophone Guide"
1187:
1170:Adventures In Jazz
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1098:
929:
927:Concert Mellophone
428:String instruments
230:lower than written
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2186:Brass instruments
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2129:Euphonium players
1518:Brass instruments
1449:978-1-57441-284-0
1263:978-1-56159-239-5
1213:Holton instrument
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363:Brass instruments
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226:in F: sounds one
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2104:(all) Trumpeters
2042:Axial flow valve
1954:Contrabass bugle
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1963:Parts/technique
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1783:Natural trumpet
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1559:Fanfare trumpet
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2155:Brass section
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2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1992:Hand-stopping
1990:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1968:
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1965:
1961:
1955:
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1799:
1798:Slide trumpet
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1776:
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1756:Tenor cornett
1754:
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1697:
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1671:
1670:Baritone horn
1668:
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1426:
1422:
1421:9780962111600
1418:
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1408:
1405:
1401:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1387:1-57441-284-1
1384:
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1250:
1245:
1244:Tyrrell, John
1241:
1234:
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1196:
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1159:Grammy Awards
1154:
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1118:
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1108:
1095:
1090:
1080:
1077:
1069:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1035:This section
1033:
1029:
1024:
1023:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1000:
998:
993:
989:
987:
983:
979:
977:
973:
969:
968:piston valves
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
948:Herman Koenig
941:
938:
934:
933:
932:
926:
921:
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886:
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864:
860:
852:
850:
848:
844:
838:
836:
832:
831:concert bands
828:
824:
820:
816:
806:
802:
798:
794:
790:
778:
773:
771:
766:
764:
759:
758:
756:
755:
748:
745:
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738:
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730:
727:
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715:
712:
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697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
686:
683:
678:
677:
670:
667:
665:
662:
659:
658:Tubular bells
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
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510:
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441:
438:
437:
436:
435:
429:
424:
423:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
370:Baritone horn
368:
367:
364:
359:
358:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
311:
310:Contrabassoon
308:
306:
303:
301:
298:
297:
294:
289:
288:
285:
281:
277:
276:
267:
264:
262:
259:
257:
254:
252:
249:
247:
244:
243:
241:
238:
234:
229:
221:
216:
213:
212:Playing range
209:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
190:
189:
187:
183:
176:
173:
170:
167:
164:
161:
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155:
154:
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148:
145:
141:
137:
132:
120:
117:
109:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
2160:Horn section
2114:Horn players
2073:Balkan brass
1980:Rotary valve
1975:Piston valve
1928:
1906:Tibetan horn
1773:Natural horn
1751:Mute cornett
1698:
1662:
1623:
1589:
1575:
1531:
1440:
1436:
1428:
1412:
1407:
1394:
1377:
1368:
1359:
1355:
1346:
1334:. Retrieved
1330:
1321:
1310:. Retrieved
1307:Colin Dorman
1306:
1297:
1286:. Retrieved
1282:
1273:
1247:
1233:
1216:
1200:
1188:
1168:
1162:
1155:
1151:
1139:
1119:Mellophonium
1113:
1109:
1099:
1072:
1063:
1048:Please help
1036:
1001:
994:
990:
980:
945:
930:
893:
856:
839:
819:conical bore
805:French horns
803:in place of
788:
786:
587:Glockenspiel
470:
469:
432:
394:
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
65:"Mellophone"
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
1617:Wagner tuba
1612:Vienna horn
1607:German horn
1602:French horn
1146:Stan Kenton
1134:Stan Kenton
972:French horn
964:Adolphe Sax
937:french horn
885:triple horn
709:Harpsichord
487:Bass guitar
455:Hurdy-gurdy
445:Double bass
390:French horn
315:Cor anglais
246:French horn
177:genis corno
150:Other names
2180:Categories
2063:Brass band
2012:Pedal tone
2002:Mouthpiece
1997:Embouchure
1949:Sousaphone
1944:Trombonium
1929:Mellophone
1864:Indigenous
1855:Jazzophone
1845:Saxotromba
1835:Sudrophone
1825:Ophicleide
1746:Cornettino
1729:Antiquated
1680:Flugelhorn
1631:Contrabass
1539:Contrabass
1429:Jazz Times
1312:2021-02-28
1288:2022-10-21
1225:References
1203:F. E. Olds
1004:flugelhorn
905:mouthpiece
897:flugelhorn
847:tenor horn
835:orchestras
827:flugelhorn
789:mellophone
689:Clavichord
664:Vibraphone
660:aka Chimes
632:Snare drum
602:Lithophone
555:Percussion
400:Tenor horn
395:Mellophone
385:Flugelhorn
330:Nadaswaram
256:Flugelhorn
129:Mellophone
106:April 2015
76:newspapers
2056:Ensembles
2037:Water key
2022:Valve oil
1778:Post horn
1711:Euphonium
1690:Kuhlohorn
1651:Superbone
1141:C.G. Conn
1037:does not
1008:euphonium
976:post horn
960:saxophone
901:parabolic
865:of F or E
823:euphonium
729:Virginals
704:Harmonium
682:Keyboards
669:Xylophone
653:Tubaphone
622:Mridangam
612:MarĂmbula
562:Bass drum
380:Euphonium
345:Saxophone
293:Woodwinds
266:Euphonium
261:Alto horn
203:Aerophone
165:cor alto,
21:MĂ©lophone
2032:Leadpipe
1921:Marching
1881:Vuvuzela
1656:Cimbasso
1625:Trombone
1564:Firebird
1336:21 April
1246:(eds.).
1209:design.
1104:♭
1066:May 2015
903:("cup")
868:♭
810:♭
795:used in
648:Triangle
637:Steelpan
597:Handbell
572:Carillon
517:Shamisen
507:Mandolin
405:Trombone
320:Clarinet
300:Bagpipes
2134:Tubists
2097:Players
1871:Alphorn
1850:Bazooka
1840:Saxtuba
1830:Serpent
1813:Helicon
1808:Sackbut
1793:Buccina
1741:Cornett
1736:Clarion
1685:Fiscorn
1664:Saxhorn
1646:Soprano
1569:Flumpet
1549:Piccolo
1533:Trumpet
1058:removed
1043:sources
956:saxhorn
915:History
909:conical
843:trumpet
642:Timpani
607:Marimba
582:Cymbals
577:Celesta
532:Ukulele
527:Tambura
492:Guzheng
471:Plucked
410:Trumpet
340:Piccolo
305:Bassoon
251:Trumpet
90:scholar
2007:Falset
1970:Valves
1901:Sringa
1896:Shofar
1891:Carnyx
1803:Buccin
1577:Cornet
1525:Modern
1447:
1419:
1385:
1260:
1219:Holton
1010:, and
986:Distin
871:. The
859:valves
747:Ghatam
741:Others
724:Spinet
542:Zither
482:Guitar
465:Violin
375:Cornet
350:Tharai
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
2201:Horns
2143:Other
2027:Crook
1987:Mutes
1911:Wazza
1886:Nyele
1876:Nabal
1763:Cornu
1597:Bugle
923:1911
815:bugle
791:is a
719:Piano
714:Organ
627:Parai
617:Melam
522:Sitar
477:Banjo
460:Viola
450:Huqin
440:Cello
434:Bowed
325:Flute
228:fifth
198:Brass
97:JSTOR
83:books
2017:Bore
1768:Dord
1700:Tuba
1641:Alto
1636:Bass
1591:Horn
1544:Bass
1445:ISBN
1417:ISBN
1383:ISBN
1338:2021
1258:ISBN
1217:The
1201:The
1189:The
1167:and
1041:any
1039:cite
1012:tuba
925:Conn
877:horn
833:and
825:and
799:and
787:The
592:Gong
567:Bell
537:Yazh
512:Harp
502:Lyre
497:Koto
415:Tuba
335:Oboe
193:Wind
69:news
1435:",
1427:",
1173:).
1052:by
887:or
863:key
175:it:
169:de:
163:fr:
157:en:
52:by
2182::
1358:.
1354:.
1329:.
1305:.
1281:.
1256:.
1242:;
1092:A
1006:,
978:.
962:,
891:.
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837:.
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1451:.
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1340:.
1315:.
1291:.
1268:‎
1266:.
1161:(
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1073:(
1068:)
1064:(
1060:.
1046:.
939:.
776:e
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113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
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