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325:, stepson of King David and at one time prior of Kirkham, was abbot of Melrose from 1148 to 1159. He endowed Melrose with a reputation for sanctity and learning which placed it on a par with houses such as Fountains and Rievaulx and made it the premier abbey in Scotland. The tomb of St. Waltheof, in the chapter house, later became the focus of pilgrimage.
492:
The abbey is laid out on a traditional east–west axis. The west section is almost wholly absent other than its foundations. The eastern section is more intact. A graveyard serving the local community lies to the south and southeast of the abbey. The majority of stones date from the 19th century. The
414:
for the surrounding town. A plain vault was inserted into the crossing, removing the original ribbed vaulting in the central section. It was used until 1810 when a new church was erected in the town. In 1812, a stone coffin was exhumed from the aisle in the abbey's south chancel. Some speculated the
320:
The monastery had 100 monks, exclusive of the abbot and dignitaries. The privileges and possessions of the abbey were very extensive. Its founder David endowed it with the lands of
Melrose, Eildon, and other places; and the right of fishery on the River Tweed. Succeeding monarchs increased their
316:
In the 12th century, around
Melrose, the Cistercians implemented new farming techniques and marketed Melrose wool throughout the great trading ports across northern Europe. A town slowly grew up around the abbey. During a time of famine four thousand starving people were fed by the monastery for
475:
There was no attempt to use DNA to see if the heart belonged to King Robert. There is no record of any other heart being buried on the site; however, the
Chapter House would be an unusual location for a king's heart to be buried: most high-status burials would have happened next to the altar.
604:
471:
and contained a still recognisable human heart in a thick black liquor. As there are no records of anyone else's heart being buried at
Melrose it was presumed to be that of Robert the Bruce. The container was reburied at Melrose Abbey on 22 June 1998 under a memorial stone.
462:
In 1996, an archaeological excavation on the site unearthed a conical lead container and an engraved copper plaque that read "The enclosed leaden casket containing a heart was found beneath
Chapter House floor, March 1921, by His Majesty's
253:(Holy Island). Æthelweald was a novice at Lindisfarne when Cuthbert became bishop. He attended Cuthbert on some of his missionary journeys, and witnessed at least one of his miracles. He later became prior and then abbot at Melrose. Saint
434:, Sir Walter supervised the extensive repair work that was to preserve the ruins. In 1918, the duke gave the ruins to the state, by which time the abbey had undergone further restoration and repair. It is now in the care of
215:
The abbey is known for its many carved decorative details, including likenesses of saints, dragons, gargoyles and plants. On one of the abbey's stairways is an inscription by John Morow, a master mason, which says,
458:
Robert Bruce's heart is said to have been buried in the church, perhaps brought back from a crusade with the body of Lord
Douglas in either 1330 or 1331. The position was marked by a small metal plaque.
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insisted that the land was not good enough for farming and selected the current site. It was said to have been built in ten years. The church of the convent was dedicated to
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A report in
February 2023 stated that "conservation work means that the church itself is closed off to visitors, but the cloisters, museum and gardens are still open".
701:
589:
194:
and in the form of a St. John's Cross. A considerable portion of the abbey is now in ruins. A structure dating from 1590 is maintained as a museum open to the public.
392:
1611:
208:
was found in 1921 below the
Chapter House site; it was found again in a 1998 excavation and documented in records of his death. The rest of his body is buried in
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Previous tutorial maps have been set in recreations of some special places in 4J's home country, Scotland, including
Edinburgh Castle and Melrose Abbey.
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1571:
577:
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abbey is the only
Scottish abbey to still retain some of its original floor tiles. The northern cloisters are equally erased to foundation level.
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Scotia Depicta, or the antiquities, castles, public buildings, noblemen and gentlemen's seats, cities, towns and picturesque scenery of Scotland
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The east end of the abbey was completed in 1146. Other buildings in the complex were added over the next 50 years. The abbey was built in the
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The abbey withstood one final assault, and some of its walls still show the marks of cannon fire after having been bombarded by
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Engraving of the East End of the Abbey from "The Baronial and Ecclesiastical Antiquities of Scotland" (RW Billings, ca 1850)
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Melrose was the first Cistercian abbey in Scotland. King David I wanted the new abbey to be built on the same site, but the
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435:
180:
383:, the abbey was again badly damaged and was never fully repaired. On 29 September 1549 an English soldier discovered the
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MSS of the Duke of Roxburghe, Sir H.H. Campbell, Bt., the Earl of Strathmore, & the Dowager Countess of Seafield
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732:, completed in 1958, is located on a 40-acre (160,000 m) lakeside setting 20 miles (32 km) north of
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in 2015. The build was featured one of the game's official tutorial worlds (TU31), the one for version 1.8.
364:
back to Edinburgh. It was rebuilt over a period of about 100 years – construction was still unfinished when
237:
on a site about two miles (3.5 km) east of Melrose Abbey. This was shortly before his death in 651 at
281:
321:
property. The house was famed for its wealth, for many of its abbots were men of distinction and honour.
94:
Cavers Magna; Dunscore; Ettrick; Hassendean; Mauchline; Melrose; Ochiltree; Tarbolton; Westerkirk; Wilton
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380:
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to the south making it particularly vulnerable to attack. In 1322, the town was attacked by the army of
262:
375:. In 1544, as English armies raged across Scotland in an effort to force the Scots to allow the infant
249:(died 687), who grew up nearby, trained at Old Melrose abbey. He was prior from 662 before he moved to
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1144:
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being the principal auditor of finance for the project. In 1385, the abbey was burned by the army of
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1196:"Melrose Abbey, the Scottish Borders: The spectacular ruin where Robert the Bruce's heart is buried"
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and other Scottish kings and nobles are buried at the abbey. A lead container believed to hold the
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631:, "If thou wouldst view fair Melrose aright, Go visit it by the pale moonlight;" (Walter Scott)
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209:
929:
Green, David. The Hundred Years War: A People's History. p. 81. Yale University Press, 2014.
220:("Keep in mind, the end, your salvation"). This has become the motto of the town of Melrose.
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described Melrose Abbey in one of his poems, "The Lay of the Last Minstrel, Canto Second".
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728:, built a Gothic church in the U.S. and patterned it after Melrose Abbey. The church,
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1485:* Now in England, but at the time of its foundation, part of the Scottish kingdom of
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Melrose Abbey in 1800, when part of the abbey was still in use as the parish church
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907:"Verse account of Magna Carta in the Chronicle of Melrose Abbey", British Library
257:(died 698) was a Scottish nobleman who followed Cuthbert as abbot. The visionary
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was also a monk there in the early eighth century. The abbey site was raided by
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The abbey is part of five other abbeys and historic sights through Scotland on
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1141:"The 4J art team are busy building the new tutorial world for the 1.8 update"
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960:"About Scotland: Melrose Abbey and the mystery of Robert the Bruce's heart"
391:. War damage led to its decline as a working monastery. The last abbot was
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An earlier monastery was founded by, then later dedicated to, Saint
305:(like all Cistercian houses) on 28 July 1146. The abbey became the
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468:
445:
272:
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1098:
918:
26 March 1325-The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707
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of Roxburghshire. In 1822, with the financial assistance of the
410:. In 1618, a portion of the abbey's church was converted into a
1289:
879:
Barrett, Michael. "Abbey of Melrose." The Catholic Encyclopedia
387:
that had been suspended over the high altar and gave it to the
171:
and was the chief house of that order in the country until the
167:. It was founded in 1136 by Cistercian monks at the request of
384:
1505:*** If this existed, it was shortly afterwards replaced by a
881:
Vol. 10. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 31 May 2016
847:
340:. Melrose was located on one of the main roads running from
979:
Scottish Border Abbeys: HMSO official guide SBN 11 490969 5
545:, abbot and commendator from 1 May 1569 to 9 December 1606.
848:"Northern Saints", 'This is Durham', Durham County Council
450:
Modern marker for the site of the burial of the heart of
1040:
1038:
399:), who died in 1557. In 1590, Melrose's last monk died.
309:
of the order in Scotland. Its first community came from
1229:, No. 290, Saturday, December 29, 1827, available from
1537:
Christian monasteries established in the 12th century
467:." The casket was investigated by AOC archaeology in
1597:
Historic Scotland properties in the Scottish Borders
1532:
Religious buildings and structures completed in 1146
1226:
The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction
313:, the North Yorkshire house colonised from Cîteaux.
1552:
Scheduled Ancient Monuments in the Scottish Borders
1513:**** In the line of filiation from Melrose (above).
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1171:"ALVA – Association of Leading Visitor Attractions"
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920:(), K.M. Brown et al eds (St Andrews, 2007–2011).
759:walk. In 2019 the site received 61,325 visitors.
1053:second son of Sir William Douglas of Lochleven
371:From 1541, the abbacy was held by a series of
1301:
8:
1086:"The Lay of the Last Minstrel, Canto Second"
422:At the beginning of the nineteenth century,
21:
16:Partly ruined monastery in Melrose, Scotland
1587:Tourist attractions in the Scottish Borders
1562:Religious organizations established in 1136
896:"Melrose", Cistercians in Yorkshire Project
1308:
1294:
1286:
860:Remarks on Scenery and Manners in Scotland
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874:
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693:(1781–1868), inventor of the Kaleidoscope
595:Photograph of Melrose Abbey in 1844, by
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288:
280:
1032:MSS Duke of Roxburghe, etc, 1894, p.40.
1023:MSS Duke of Roxburghe, etc, 1894, p.61.
799:
774:, for a list of abbots and commendators
553:
533:commendator (died before 31 July 1566).
891:
889:
887:
783:List of places in the Scottish Borders
739:The abbey was built in the video game
1612:Ruined abbeys in the Scottish Borders
1001:Historic Manuscripts Commission, the
832:
830:
828:
7:
1602:Burial sites of the House of Balliol
778:List of religious houses in Scotland
658:William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas
328:One of the earliest accounts of the
285:East gable and window, Melrose Abbey
245:, a graveyard marks the site. Saint
1110:Wiltshire, Alex (17 January 2017).
653:William Douglas, Lord of Liddesdale
583:An interior view of the abbey, 1835
179:. Today the abbey is maintained by
1567:1609 disestablishments in Scotland
1547:Cistercian monasteries in Scotland
990:Records of the Regality of Melrose
663:James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas
14:
992:, vol.1, Edinburgh, 1914, p.xliv.
293:Melrose Abbey from the south-east
949:, vol. 4 (London, 1905), p. 357.
603:
588:
576:
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419:, the philosopher and "wizard."
27:
1582:1146 establishments in Scotland
1572:Museums in the Scottish Borders
1139:@4JStudios (30 November 2015).
724:A Presbyterian congregation in
505:first abbot, a pupil of Aidan,
177:abbot or commendator of Melrose
1:
1592:Ruined abbeys and monasteries
1577:Religious museums in Scotland
1557:Wars of Scottish Independence
1542:Ruins in the Scottish Borders
988:Romanes, Charles S., editor,
808:Historic Environment Scotland
697:Walter, 8th Duke of Buccleuch
436:Historic Environment Scotland
181:Historic Environment Scotland
1439:Kinloss filiation**** (from
1411:Mellifont filiation** (from
1249:National Library of Scotland
488:Ground plan of Melrose Abbey
114:Important associated figures
1378:Dundrennan filiation (from
1069:. Silver, Burdett. p.
707:John, 9th Duke of Buccleuch
637:Jocelin (Bishop of Glasgow)
1628:
788:List of places in Scotland
726:Bloomfield Hills, Michigan
702:Mary, Duchess of Buccleuch
563:Engraving of the abbey by
338:Chronicle of Melrose Abbey
1607:Melrose, Scottish Borders
1482:
1243:in the digitised copy of
812:"Melrose Abbey (SM90214)"
670:, Chamberlain of Scotland
137:Melrose, Scottish Borders
26:
1327:Melrose filiation (from
1066:The World and Its People
1005:, Edinburgh, 1894, p.39.
866:, London. Facing P. 277.
679:Alexander Ormiston Curle
674:Alexander II of Scotland
395:(an illegitimate son of
336:in 1215 is found in the
169:King David I of Scotland
145:St Mary's Abbey, Melrose
1320:monasteries in Scotland
1063:Dunton, Larkin (1896).
858:Stoddart, John (1801),
241:. Set in a bend of the
175:. It was headed by the
1466:Latter day foundations
1044:Romanes, 1914, p.xlvi.
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489:
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415:remains were those of
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1014:Romanes, 1914, p.xlv.
647:William de Bondington
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507:Bishop of Lindisfarne
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406:'s troops during the
362:Robert II of Scotland
358:Richard II of England
332:agreement reached at
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276:
263:Kenneth I of Scotland
36:Monastery information
1272:55.59889°N 2.71778°W
837:"Melrose Abbey", BBC
539:commendator in 1568.
379:to marry the son of
377:Mary, Queen of Scots
235:Aidan of Lindisfarne
218:Be halde to ye hende
1268: /
1084:Scott, Sir Walter.
947:HMC Duke of Rutland
649:– Bishop of Glasgow
642:Waltheof of Melrose
571:, published in 1804
323:Waltheof of Melrose
147:is a partly ruined
108:David I of Scotland
91:Controlled churches
23:
1493:** Filiation from
1362:Coupar Angus Abbey
1277:55.59889; -2.71778
1099:Kirkinthehills.org
757:Borders Abbeys Way
668:Philip de Valognes
633:
527:was abbot in 1524.
521:was abbot in 1519.
515:was abbot in 1473.
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85:Diocese of Glasgow
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1231:Project Gutenberg
1202:. 8 February 2023
1112:"LEARNING TO FLY"
935:978-0-300-13451-3
730:Kirk in the Hills
432:Duke of Buccleuch
408:English Civil War
368:visited in 1504.
354:Sir James Douglas
210:Dunfermline Abbey
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452:Robert the Bruce
442:Robert the Bruce
424:Sir Walter Scott
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1180:18 November
1151:25 February
1121:25 February
817:21 February
531:William Ker
480:Description
330:Magna Carta
299:Cistercians
251:Lindisfarne
243:River Tweed
229:Old Melrose
173:Reformation
53:Established
1526:Categories
1456:Deer Abbey
1425:*** (1148)
1317:Cistercian
1260:55°35′56″N
1247:, 1804 at
794:References
745:4J Studios
525:Thomas Ker
381:Henry VIII
104:Founder(s)
47:Cistercian
1116:Minecraft
965:17 August
741:Minecraft
346:Edward II
342:Edinburgh
334:Runnymede
259:Dryhthelm
204:heart of
163:, in the
149:monastery
1441:Rievaulx
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1263:2°43′4″W
766:See also
713:Tributes
366:James IV
303:St. Mary
265:in 839.
247:Cuthbert
239:Bamburgh
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133:Location
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1499:Ireland
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1157:Twitter
862:. Pub.
751:Tourism
734:Detroit
616:Burials
550:Gallery
397:James V
352:, with
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224:History
157:Melrose
151:of the
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967:2014
931:ISBN
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