415:
402:
441:
428:
132:
111:
392:
The 2018 monograph on
Burmese amber weevils expanded the group notably, and raised it to a full family, with two defined subfamilies, Aepyceratinae and Mesophyletinae. An additional five genera were described as part of Aepyceratinae, based on the structuring of the antennae, though the 2018 authors
349:
which would allow for quick transition to flight, something the group was likely proficient at. They have enlarged eyes composed of coarse facets protruding on their heads, a feature seen in many weevil groups that spend their lives in dark canopies or in leaf litter.
302:. The Burmese amber fossils preserve more detail than the compression fossils from Karatau. The amber paleoforest was tropical in temperature, and situated along the tidal boundary of a coastal estuary. The resin from which the amber originated is most likely
363:
was the first genus of the group to be described, with its type description being published in 2006. The genus was placed into the family "
298:
genera, the
Burmese amber fauna is considered one of the richest weevil faunas of the Mesozoic, rivaling Kazakhstan's late Jurassic site at
985:
375:
However, in the 2006 paper, no type genus was specified in the subfamily description and a subsequent paper in 2008 specified
131:
879:
Yu, T.; Kelly, R.; Mu, L; Ross, A.; Kennedy, J.; Broly, P.; Xia, F.; Zhang, H.; Wang, B.; Dilcher, D. (2019-06-04).
848:"The weevil fauna preserved in Burmese amber—snapshot of a unique, extinct lineage (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)"
445:
414:
419:
432:
406:
385:
401:
975:
313:, antennae, and ovipositor structures; species in mesophyletidae were likely specialized herbivores which
440:
892:
364:
299:
215:
761:
520:
791:
481:
461:
801:
781:
771:
731:
721:
611:
581:
561:
510:
359:
322:
641:
591:
471:
240:
126:
701:
691:
681:
661:
651:
500:
427:
741:
711:
571:
551:
341:
life of climbing on smooth or flimsy plant organs such as leaves and fruits. Additionally the
928:
910:
751:
621:
601:
372:
310:
211:
980:
918:
900:
859:
671:
631:
379:
as the type genus. The subfamily
Aepyceratinae was proposed in 2017 as a part of the family
337:
with strengthening ridges and a flattened or flared profile. These adaptations indicate an
110:
948:"Araucarian source of fossiliferous Burmese amber: Spectroscopic and anatomical evidence"
896:
923:
880:
969:
947:
334:
330:
326:
303:
291:
61:
380:
295:
275:
318:
36:
268:
81:
46:
30:
914:
905:
393:
note that there are no other indications that the grouping is monophyletic.
163:
143:
86:
932:
846:
Dave J. Clarke; Ajay Limaye; Duane D. McKenna; Rolf G. Oberprieler (2018).
346:
338:
314:
306:, based on both inclusions of wood fragments and spectroscopic analysis.
76:
71:
56:
51:
41:
368:
342:
279:
91:
66:
864:
847:
264:
193:
183:
173:
153:
439:
426:
413:
400:
271:
317:
seeds and plant ovules in manners similar to that of the living
371:, as one of the genera in the subfamily Mesophyletinae by
290:
The family is known exclusively from fossils preserved in
274:. The family was first described as a subfamily in the
841:
839:
837:
835:
833:
831:
952:
Journal of the
Botanical Research Institute of Texas
282:, and subsequently raised to family status in 2018.
345:did not lock along the tips, and are loose to the
946:Poinar, G.; Lambert, J.B.; Wu, Y. (2007-08-10).
885:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
329:tribes. The legs are modified with elongated
8:
267:known from a number of genera preserved in
109:
20:
922:
904:
863:
383:based on perceived similarities between
827:
881:"An ammonite trapped in Burmese amber"
7:
367:", an older name sometimes used for
726:Poinar, Brown, & Legalov, 2016
686:Poinar, Brown, & Legalov, 2016
476:Poinar, Brown, & Legalov, 2017
456:Poinar, Brown, & Legalov, 2017
14:
545:Poinar, Brown & Legalov, 2016
130:
813:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
806:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2019
796:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
786:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
776:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
766:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
756:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
746:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
716:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
706:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
696:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
676:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
666:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
656:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
646:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
636:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
626:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
616:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
606:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
576:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
566:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
525:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
515:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
505:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
494:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
486:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2019
466:Clarke & Oberprieler, 2018
1:
286:Distribution and paleoecology
986:Prehistoric insect families
1002:
537:Poinar & Legalov, 2015
446:Nugatorhinus albomaculatus
354:History and classification
333:sporting large claws and
246:
239:
227:
222:
127:Scientific classification
125:
117:
108:
23:
16:Extinct family of weevils
556:Poinar & Brown, 2009
420:Rhynchitomimus chalybeus
294:, and combined with the
263:is an extinct family of
906:10.1073/pnas.1821292116
309:Based on the elongated
450:
437:
433:Nugatorhinus chenyangi
424:
411:
407:Burmophyletis beloides
397:Subfamilies and genera
386:Aepyceratus hyperochus
443:
430:
417:
404:
389:and the nemonychids.
897:2019PNAS..11611345Y
891:(23): 11345–11350.
119:Mekorhamphus beatae
451:
438:
425:
412:
865:10.3390/d11010001
814:
807:
797:
787:
777:
767:
757:
747:
737:
727:
717:
707:
697:
687:
677:
667:
657:
647:
637:
627:
617:
607:
597:
587:
577:
567:
557:
546:
542:
538:
535:(syn: Anchineini
534:
526:
516:
506:
495:
487:
477:
467:
457:
373:George Poinar Jr.
258:
257:
218:
993:
960:
959:
943:
937:
936:
926:
908:
876:
870:
869:
867:
858:(1): Article 1.
843:
812:
805:
795:
785:
775:
765:
755:
745:
735:
725:
715:
705:
695:
685:
675:
665:
655:
645:
635:
625:
615:
605:
595:
585:
575:
565:
555:
544:
543:; Mekorhamphini
540:
539:; Burmocorynini
536:
532:
524:
514:
504:
493:
485:
475:
465:
455:
210:
205:
135:
134:
113:
103:
33:
27:Temporal range:
21:
1001:
1000:
996:
995:
994:
992:
991:
990:
966:
965:
964:
963:
945:
944:
940:
878:
877:
873:
845:
844:
829:
824:
531:Mesophyletinae
399:
365:Eccoptarthridae
356:
288:
209:
203:
129:
104:
102:
101:
100:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
39:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
999:
997:
989:
988:
983:
978:
968:
967:
962:
961:
938:
871:
826:
825:
823:
820:
819:
818:
817:
816:
798:
788:
778:
768:
762:Opeatorhynchus
758:
748:
738:
728:
718:
708:
698:
688:
678:
668:
658:
648:
638:
628:
618:
608:
598:
588:
578:
568:
558:
529:
528:
527:
521:Rhynchitomimus
517:
507:
497:
478:
468:
454:Aepyceratinae
398:
395:
355:
352:
325:, and related
287:
284:
261:Mesophyletidae
256:
255:
254:
253:
250:
249:Mesophyletinae
244:
243:
237:
236:
235:
234:
233:Mesophyletinae
231:
225:
224:
220:
219:
207:Mesophyletidae
201:
197:
196:
194:Curculionoidea
191:
187:
186:
181:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
123:
122:
115:
114:
106:
105:
97:
96:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
35:
34:
26:
24:Mesophyletidae
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
998:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
976:Burmese amber
974:
973:
971:
957:
953:
949:
942:
939:
934:
930:
925:
920:
916:
912:
907:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
875:
872:
866:
861:
857:
853:
849:
842:
840:
838:
836:
834:
832:
828:
821:
811:
804:
803:
799:
794:
793:
792:Rhadinomycter
789:
784:
783:
779:
774:
773:
769:
764:
763:
759:
754:
753:
749:
744:
743:
739:
734:
733:
729:
724:
723:
719:
714:
713:
709:
704:
703:
699:
694:
693:
689:
684:
683:
679:
674:
673:
669:
664:
663:
659:
654:
653:
649:
644:
643:
639:
634:
633:
629:
624:
623:
619:
614:
613:
609:
604:
603:
599:
596:Legalov, 2017
594:
593:
589:
586:Legalov, 2018
584:
583:
579:
574:
573:
569:
564:
563:
559:
554:
553:
549:
548:
541:Legalov, 2018
530:
523:
522:
518:
513:
512:
508:
503:
502:
498:
491:
484:
483:
482:Burmophyletis
479:
474:
473:
469:
464:
463:
462:Acalyptopygus
459:
458:
453:
452:
448:
447:
442:
435:
434:
429:
422:
421:
416:
409:
408:
403:
396:
394:
390:
388:
387:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
361:
353:
351:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
307:
305:
301:
297:
293:
292:Burmese amber
285:
283:
281:
277:
273:
270:
266:
262:
252:Mesophyletini
251:
248:
247:
245:
242:
238:
232:
230:Aepyceratinae
229:
228:
226:
221:
217:
213:
208:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
190:Superfamily:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
133:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
107:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
32:
22:
19:
955:
951:
941:
888:
884:
874:
855:
851:
809:
802:Zimmiorhinus
800:
790:
782:Petalotarsus
780:
772:Periosocerus
770:
760:
750:
740:
736:Poinar, 2006
732:Mesophyletis
730:
722:Mekorhamphus
720:
710:
700:
690:
680:
670:
660:
650:
640:
630:
620:
612:Compsopsarus
610:
600:
590:
582:Burmocorynus
580:
570:
562:Aphelonyssus
560:
550:
533:Poinar, 2008
519:
511:Nugatorhinus
509:
499:
489:
480:
470:
460:
444:
431:
418:
405:
391:
384:
381:Nemonychidae
377:Mesophyletis
376:
360:Mesophyletis
358:
357:
323:Curculionini
308:
296:Nemonychidae
289:
260:
259:
223:Subfamilies
206:
118:
18:
810:"Elwoodius"
642:Echogomphus
592:Burmorhinus
490:Platychirus
472:Aepyceratus
327:curculionid
319:Anthonomini
970:Categories
958:: 449–455.
822:References
702:Leptopezus
692:Hukawngius
682:Habropezus
662:Euryepomus
652:Electrocis
501:Calyptocis
304:araucarian
269:Cretaceous
184:Coleoptera
164:Arthropoda
31:Cenomanian
915:0027-8424
852:Diversity
742:Myanmarus
712:Louwiocis
572:Bowangius
552:Anchineus
150:Kingdom:
144:Eukaryota
121:paratype
933:31085633
752:Ocriocis
622:Cyrtocis
602:Cetionyx
449:holotype
436:holotype
423:holotype
410:holotype
347:pygidium
339:arboreal
315:predated
241:Synonyms
200:Family:
160:Phylum:
154:Animalia
140:Domain:
981:Weevils
924:6561253
893:Bibcode
369:Caridae
311:rostrum
300:Karatau
280:Caridae
278:family
265:weevils
180:Order:
174:Insecta
170:Class:
98:↓
931:
921:
913:
808:(syn:
672:Gnomus
632:Debbia
488:(syn "
343:elytra
276:extant
212:Poinar
335:tibia
331:tarsi
272:amber
929:PMID
911:ISSN
216:2008
37:PreꞒ
919:PMC
901:doi
889:116
860:doi
972::
954:.
950:.
927:.
917:.
909:.
899:.
887:.
883:.
856:11
854:.
850:.
830:^
547:)
492:"
321:,
214:,
87:Pg
956:1
935:.
903::
895::
868:.
862::
815:)
496:)
204:†
92:N
82:K
77:J
72:T
67:P
62:C
57:D
52:S
47:O
42:Ꞓ
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