82:
866:
but erosion has since removed any remains there. The Ash Pit, which may be the youngest eruptive centre of the entire Mount Edziza volcanic complex, was the source of a 6.5-kilometre-long (4.0-mile) and 2.5-kilometre-wide (1.6-mile) hawaiitic air-fall tephra deposit that extends to the north-northeast on the Kitsu
Plateau. The Ash Pit was also the source of a hawaiitic lava flow that travelled 3.5 kilometres (2.2 miles) to the northwest through Nagha Creek valley towards Mess Lake. Residual heat from The Ash Pit eruption may have resulted in the formation of the
51:
1088:
616:, the southern side of Raspberry Creek valley and the northern side of Nagha Creek valley, respectively. At the Mess Creek Escarpment, the Kitsu Plateau rises more than 910 metres (3,000 feet) above Mess Lake in Mess Creek valley; Mess Lake has an elevation below 760 metres (2,500 feet) while the Mess Creek Escarpment reaches an elevation of more than 1,700 metres (5,500 feet). The plateau surface is
89:
1079:. The climate is characterized by warm summers and cold, snowy winters; temperatures are warmest in mid-summer during the day when they may hit the 30 degrees Celsius (86 degrees Fahrenheit) range. However, temperatures can drop below freezing during summer nights, making snow or freezing rain a possibility at any time of the year.
719:
1019:
founded in 1972 to showcase the volcanic landscape. This remote wilderness area of northwestern
British Columbia is not accessible by motorized vehicles to help protect the very sensitive environment. Instead, access is mainly via aircraft or unmaintained hiking trails that cross creeks. Mount Edziza
836:
and pantelleritic trachyte which are in the form of lava domes and lava flows, as well as minor breccia and ash flow deposits. Spectrum trachyte flows on the Kitsu
Plateau are relatively thin compared to those forming the adjacent Spectrum Range but they are the most distal remnants of the main lava
640:
The Kitsu
Plateau is dominated by the Mess Lake Lava Field which extends from Raspberry Creek in the north to Nagha Creek in the south. It covers an area of around 18 square kilometres (6.9 square miles) and contains three pyroclastic cones which were the source of lava flows that travelled westward
865:
and mainly comprise the Mess Lake Lava Field, one of the three Big Raven lava fields of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex. Alkali basalt flows from the two oldest pyroclastic cones in the Mess Lake Lava Field, ML-1 and ML-2, most likely cascaded over the Mess Creek
Escarpment into Mess Creek valley
810:
which were erupted 4.4 million years ago from at least four eruptive centres; these eruptive centres have since been deeply eroded and buried under younger volcanic deposits. At least some of the
Kounugu lava flows comprising the Kitsu Plateau may have originated from Swarm Peak further to the east
778:
compositions and were highly fluid and mobile at the time of their eruption as evidenced by their extreme persistence and relatively narrow thicknesses; individual basalt flows are normally less than 3 metres (9.8 feet) thick. The source of these flows was probably a cluster of vents further to the
1111:
extends about 15 kilometres (9.3 miles) west to the Little Iskut River. From there, it enters Mount Edziza
Provincial Park and continues another 15 kilometres (9.3 miles) west along Bourgeaux Creek through Raspberry Pass. Only short segments of the Yukon Telegraph Trail are still passible, having
758:
Basaltic lava flows of the 6.3-million-year-old
Armadillo Formation are exposed on the northern side of the plateau and along the Mess Creek Escarpment on the western side of the plateau where they overlie basaltic lava flows of the Raspberry Formation. Armadillo basalt flows are interbedded with
657:, sometimes referred to by the numeronym ML-3, is the youngest and southernmost eruptive centre of the Mess Lake Lava Field. It lies on the steep southern slope of the Kitsu Plateau inside Nagha Creek valley and has been described as a pyroclastic cone or a conical explosion crater.
831:
The
Kounugu Member is overlain by the 3.1-million-year-old Spectrum Formation which is exposed along the Mess Creek Escarpment on the western side of the plateau and at the southern and eastern ends of the plateau. This geological formation largely consists of comendite,
599:
of the
Stikine River. Several small unnamed streams flow into Kitsu Creek and the neighbouring valleys of Mess Creek, Raspberry Creek and Nagha Creek; Raspberry Creek drains into Mess Creek while Nagha Creek drains into Kitsu Creek just northeast of
730:
The Raspberry Formation is exposed on the lower northern, western and southwestern sides of the Kitsu Plateau. It has an elevation of less than 1,310 metres (4,300 feet) along the Mess Creek Escarpment and consists of flat-lying basaltic lava flows
1123:. Private aircraft are prohibited from landing on the Kitsu Plateau lava flows. Mess Lake is large enough to be used by float-equipped aircraft, but landing on the lake with a private aircraft requires a letter of authorization from the
746:. These lava flows travelled westward into the ancestral valley of Mess Creek and originated from vents north of Raspberry Pass which were subsequently buried under younger volcanic deposits. A minimum age for the timing of Raspberry
837:
dome comprising the Spectrum Range. The trachyte flows are overlain by alkali basalt of the Kitsu Member which is mainly exposed at the southern end of the Kitsu Plateau. This alkali basalt likely originated from vents of the
50:
674:, each being the product of a distinct period of volcanic activity. These periods of volcanic activity occurred during three magmatic cycles of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex; each cycle began with the effusion of
2900:
1002:
and was likely chosen due to the plateau's association with Kitsu Creek and Kitsu Peak whose names were also adopted 2 January 1980 on the National Topographic System maps 104G/10 and 104G/7, respectively.
783:
which may have been active prior to the onset of Armadillo volcanism. In contrast, the air-fall pumice and ash flows probably originated from the more than 4-kilometre-in diameter (2.5-mile)
2893:
2188:
3145:
2886:
849:
The Big Raven Formation is the uppermost and youngest geological formation comprising the Kitsu Plateau, consisting of hawaiite and alkali basalt in the form of lava flows,
1914:
Edwards, Benjamin R.; Russell, James K. (2000). "Distribution, nature, and origin of Neogene–Quaternary magmatism in the northern Cordilleran volcanic province, Canada".
81:
739:. More than 180 metres (590 feet) of Raspberry lava flows are exposed in the Mess Creek Escarpment, most of which were erupted from a shield volcano that formed on a
1024:
in British Columbia. Hunting, camping, fishing, hiking, wildlife viewing and nature studying are some of the activities available in Mount Edziza Provincial Park.
2867:
707:
699:
691:
193:
401:
in British Columbia. Access to this remote plateau is mainly by aircraft since motorized vehicles are prohibited from entering Mount Edziza Provincial Park.
2181:
645:
ML-1, is at the northern end of the lava field while the second oldest cone, ML-2, is at the southern end of the lava field. Both cones are covered by
1238:
2733:
2174:
1916:
1719:
1405:
2071:
2836:
1136:
2027:
1232:
948:
are present in the mouth of Nagha Creek valley at the southwestern end of the Kitsu Plateau. These sedimentary rocks are in the form of
1717:; Harakal, J. (1984). "Chronology of the peralkaline, late Cenozoic Mount Edziza Volcanic Complex, northern British Columbia, Canada".
2738:
1369:
502:
386:
289:
2131:
1788:
1300:
297:
389:. The plateau is drained by many small streams that flow into these neighbouring valleys and, unlike the valleys, it is relatively
513:, the latter of which flows north in a north–south trending valley and then flows southeast towards the Skeena Mountains into the
1498:
113:
1529:
1115:
The Kitsu Plateau can be accessed by float plane or helicopter, both of which are available for charter at the communities of
2442:
1573:
2668:
2197:
1925:
1852:
1728:
723:
533:
489:
valley which extends more than 30 kilometres (19 miles) to the north where it separates the Zagoddetchino massif from the
417:
173:
2223:
1012:
394:
349:
310:
1104:
811:
which issued lava that travelled westward; remains of the Swarm Peak eruptive centre are in the form of north-trending
3160:
3155:
2112:
1365:
989:
981:
286:
3150:
1780:
1292:
532:
This roughly 10-kilometre-long (6.2-mile) and 6-kilometre-wide (3.7-mile) plateau lies at the southern end of the
2154:
1473:
1941:
2159:
2032:
1857:
1478:
1413:
1736:
815:
swarms. Lava from the Swarm Peak eruptive centre is exposed along the Mess Creek Escarpment where it overlies
2037:
1862:
580:
As a part of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex, the Kitsu Plateau is drained entirely by streams within the
2826:
949:
2862:
2470:
2333:
2006:
1980:
1714:
1534:
1503:
1172:
1108:
1092:
985:
867:
807:
613:
482:
366:
148:
920:. The rocks of this terrane are exposed to the south and southwest where they are largely buried under
2913:
2798:
2475:
1929:
671:
612:
The western, northern and southern edges of the Kitsu Plateau are marked by steep cliffs forming the
437:
362:
67:
1417:
3042:
2841:
2821:
2811:
2806:
2498:
2480:
909:
703:
687:
683:
629:
537:
180:
2149:
1468:
2713:
2348:
913:
879:
799:
510:
2041:
3110:
3047:
3017:
2982:
2972:
2943:
2599:
2503:
2127:
2067:
1945:
1784:
1740:
1296:
617:
536:
which also includes the Big Raven Plateau to the north, as well as the Spectrum Range and the
490:
390:
2878:
1242:
802:
of the Nido Formation comprising the Kitsu Plateau. It consists of basaltic lava flows, flow
3102:
3087:
3064:
3037:
3027:
2992:
2987:
2977:
2965:
2953:
2925:
2917:
2816:
2117:
1937:
1732:
1373:
999:
905:
901:
760:
478:
466:
405:
398:
374:
370:
231:
163:
152:
56:
41:
1087:
3126:
3120:
3032:
3004:
2960:
2948:
2938:
2673:
2645:
2635:
2381:
1021:
933:
897:
743:
698:
and Spectrum formations which were deposited between 6 and 3 million years ago during the
650:
557:
498:
474:
470:
281:
1933:
3092:
3022:
2933:
2831:
2758:
2663:
2640:
2612:
2589:
2541:
2531:
2526:
2404:
2389:
2273:
2268:
1016:
784:
780:
695:
694:
between 7.5 and 6 million years ago. Overlying these two geological formations are the
625:
584:
569:
541:
518:
506:
494:
340:
335:
320:
416:. These lava flows and the associated ejecta originated from several volcanoes of the
3139:
3082:
3074:
3012:
2788:
2778:
2773:
2763:
2753:
2678:
2630:
2607:
2576:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2452:
2371:
2366:
2338:
2323:
2238:
1508:
1100:
1036:
1020:
Provincal Park covers 266,180 hectares (657,700 acres), making it one of the largest
858:
838:
675:
581:
545:
449:
433:
421:
215:
2001:
1975:
1539:
1167:
17:
3059:
2783:
2748:
2743:
2703:
2698:
2683:
2584:
2546:
2437:
2422:
2394:
2361:
2356:
2288:
2278:
2253:
2233:
2228:
2107:
1710:
1357:
1353:
945:
833:
812:
740:
621:
561:
292:
1774:
1286:
682:
magma. The two oldest geological formations comprising the Kitsu Plateau are the
641:
towards the Mess Creek Escarpment. The oldest cone, sometimes referred to by the
2768:
2723:
2708:
2693:
2688:
2536:
2447:
2432:
2308:
2213:
2205:
2166:
1581:
1040:
732:
654:
588:
553:
526:
514:
409:
382:
325:
63:
1866:
420:
which has been the focus of volcanic activity over the last 7.5 million years.
2728:
2718:
2566:
2462:
2427:
2313:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2283:
2248:
2218:
1120:
937:
775:
592:
522:
486:
378:
330:
1949:
1744:
128:
115:
2857:
2414:
2328:
2318:
2263:
2258:
1068:
1060:
961:
953:
941:
925:
921:
890:
850:
771:
747:
702:. The fifth oldest geological formation comprising the Kitsu Plateau is the
642:
601:
596:
549:
441:
300:
222:
203:
2110:(1992). The Late Cenozoic Mount Edziza Volcanic Complex, British Columbia.
798:
Overlying the Armadillo Formation is the Kounugu Member which is the only
2399:
2243:
1577:
1237:(Topographic map) (3 ed.). 1:250,000. A502 (in English and French).
1124:
1076:
1052:
917:
894:
883:
862:
767:
565:
445:
429:
425:
273:
211:
207:
595:
in the Spectrum Range and flows northwest then north into Mess Creek, a
2909:
2622:
2490:
1032:
929:
886:
820:
803:
787:
540:
to the south. This volcanic complex consists of a group of overlapping
268:
2655:
1072:
1044:
994:
957:
878:
As a part of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex, the Kitsu Plateau is
854:
763:
736:
679:
649:
vegetation and have been slightly rounded by erosion, although their
646:
413:
227:
59:
1112:
been mostly overgrown since maintenance of the trail ended in 1936.
718:
440:, each being the product of a distinct period of volcanic activity.
2122:
1378:
556:
that have formed over the last 7.5 million years. It contains four
505:
in the west. Between the Kitsu Plateau and the Skeena Mountains is
2518:
1116:
1086:
1064:
1028:
965:
717:
560:
along its north–south trending axis; from north to south they are
690:
formations which were deposited by volcanic eruptions during the
1048:
969:
816:
448:
epoch and created the Mess Lake Lava Field which contains small
2882:
2170:
1617:
1615:
1056:
870:
2.5 kilometres (1.6 miles) to the west in Mess Creek valley.
1942:
10.1130/0016-7606(2000)112<1280:dnaoon>2.0.co;2
517:. In the southeast, the Kitsu Plateau is surrounded by the
493:
in the east. The northern end of the plateau is bounded by
436:
comprising the Kitsu Plateau which is subdivided into five
980:
The name of the plateau was adopted 2 January 1980 on the
1737:
10.1130/0016-7606(1984)95<337:COTPLC>2.0.CO;2
1650:
1648:
1646:
1644:
1642:
1602:
1600:
1598:
377:
and is surrounded by several valleys, including those of
2085:
2083:
1756:
1754:
1448:
1446:
1362:
Geology, Mount Edziza Volcanic Complex, British Columbia
1234:
Telegraph Creek, Cassiar Land District, British Columbia
620:
but at lower elevations the surrounding valleys contain
1263:
1261:
1259:
485:. Between the Boundary Ranges and the Kitsu Plateau is
678:
and culminated with the eruption of lesser volumes of
1776:
Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada
1288:
Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada
3119:
3101:
3073:
3003:
2924:
2850:
2797:
2654:
2621:
2598:
2575:
2517:
2489:
2461:
2413:
2380:
2347:
2204:
670:The Kitsu Plateau is subdivided into at least five
316:
306:
280:
267:
259:
251:
243:
238:
221:
199:
189:
179:
169:
159:
144:
32:
2116:(Report). Memoir 420. Canada Communication Group.
1091:False colour image of the Kitsu Plateau with the
521:while in the south the plateau is separated from
1099:From near the Eastman Creek Rest Area south of
2868:Volcanism of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex
1011:The Kitsu Plateau lies at the southern end of
3146:Plateaus of the Mount Edziza volcanic complex
2894:
2182:
823:gravel derived from the Armadillo Formation.
8:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1699:
2901:
2887:
2879:
2189:
2175:
2167:
1909:
1907:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1332:
591:which originates on the northern flank of
587:. The only named stream on the plateau is
444:on the plateau continued into the current
29:
2121:
1773:Wood, Charles A.; Kienle, Jürgen (1990).
1377:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1285:Wood, Charles A.; Kienle, Jürgen (1990).
1239:Department of Energy, Mines and Resources
984:map 104G/10 after being submitted to the
726:showing the location of the Kitsu Plateau
2089:
1962:
1898:
1886:
1839:
1827:
1815:
1803:
1760:
1690:
1678:
1666:
1654:
1633:
1621:
1606:
1452:
1437:
1392:
1364:. 1:50,000. Cartography by M. Sigouin,
1267:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1148:
861:were deposited by eruptions during the
315:
305:
279:
266:
258:
237:
220:
178:
143:
74:
47:
1917:Geological Society of America Bulletin
1720:Geological Society of America Bulletin
501:in the east and the northwest-flowing
247:Approximately 10 km (6.2 mi)
1853:"Spectrum Range: General Information"
1568:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1463:
1461:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
841:that have been destroyed by erosion.
255:Approximately 6 km (3.7 mi)
250:
242:
198:
188:
168:
158:
88:
7:
2066:. Mussio Ventures. pp. 88, 89.
1280:
1278:
1276:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1137:List of plateaus in British Columbia
928:deposits, as well as stream gravel,
408:, consisting of lava flows that are
393:. Surrounding the Kitsu Plateau is
27:Plateau in British Columbia, Canada
1370:Energy, Mines and Resources Canada
944:sedimentary rocks assigned to the
263:Above 1,700 m (5,500 ft)
25:
790:northeast of the Kitsu Plateau.
497:which contains the east-flowing
87:
80:
49:
1410:Catalogue of Canadian volcanoes
706:which was deposited during the
1574:"Mount Edziza Provincial Park"
1027:Wildlife in the area includes
1:
2198:Mount Edziza volcanic complex
2062:Mussio, Russell, ed. (2018).
1926:Geological Society of America
1729:Geological Society of America
936:deposits. Minor exposures of
724:Mount Edziza volcanic complex
534:Mount Edziza volcanic complex
418:Mount Edziza volcanic complex
185:7.5 million years and younger
2155:Geographical Names Data Base
2064:Northern BC Backroad Mapbook
1474:Geographical Names Data Base
1416:. 2009-03-10. Archived from
1127:Stikine Senior Park Ranger.
1013:Mount Edziza Provincial Park
916:of North America during the
465:The Kitsu Plateau is on the
397:which is one of the largest
395:Mount Edziza Provincial Park
350:Mount Edziza Provincial Park
311:Mount Edziza Provincial Park
101:Location in British Columbia
2113:Geological Survey of Canada
1366:Geological Survey of Canada
990:Geological Survey of Canada
982:National Topographic System
853:, agglutinate and air-fall
456:Geography and geomorphology
3177:
1781:Cambridge University Press
1293:Cambridge University Press
750:is 7.4–6.2 million years.
710:in the last 20,000 years.
62:on the Kitsu Plateau from
1901:, pp. 214, 241, 242.
1636:, pp. 234, 235, 320.
373:, Canada. It lies on the
347:
109:
75:
48:
39:
2160:Natural Resources Canada
2033:Global Volcanism Program
1858:Global Volcanism Program
1479:Natural Resources Canada
1414:Natural Resources Canada
653:are still recognizable.
572:and the Spectrum Range.
2038:Smithsonian Institution
2028:"Edziza: Photo Gallery"
1863:Smithsonian Institution
1669:, pp. 1, 267, 276.
1105:Stewart–Cassiar Highway
2827:Little Iskut Formation
1241:. 1989. Archived from
1096:
727:
432:are among some of the
129:57.46639°N 130.75167°W
66:which is the circular
55:False colour image of
2863:Mess Creek Escarpment
2799:Geological formations
2471:Desolation Lava Field
2334:Walkout Creek centres
2007:BC Geographical Names
1981:BC Geographical Names
1783:. pp. 124, 125.
1535:BC Geographical Names
1504:BC Geographical Names
1295:. pp. 124, 125.
1173:BC Geographical Names
1109:Yukon Telegraph Trail
1093:Mess Creek Escarpment
1090:
986:BC Geographical Names
868:Mess Lake Hot Springs
721:
700:second magmatic cycle
672:geological formations
614:Mess Creek Escarpment
483:Cassiar Land District
438:geological formations
404:The Kitsu Plateau is
367:Cassiar Land District
149:Cassiar Land District
70:at bottom left centre
2476:Mess Lake Lava Field
2349:Subglacial volcanoes
1889:, pp. 234, 235.
1806:, pp. 104, 267.
1624:, pp. 214, 235.
708:fifth magmatic cycle
692:first magmatic cycle
618:barren of vegetation
391:barren of vegetation
363:intermontane plateau
174:Mount Edziza complex
134:57.46639; -130.75167
18:Mess Lake Lava Field
2842:Raspberry Formation
2822:Klastline Formation
2812:Big Raven Formation
2807:Armadillo Formation
2499:Arctic Lake Plateau
2481:Snowshoe Lava Field
1934:2000GSAB..112.1280E
1818:, pp. 11, 105.
845:Big Raven Formation
754:Armadillo Formation
714:Raspberry Formation
704:Big Raven Formation
538:Arctic Lake Plateau
244: • Length
125: /
3161:Holocene volcanism
3156:Pliocene volcanism
2714:Little Iskut River
1440:, pp. 32, 33.
1356:(1988). "1623A" (
1097:
976:Name and etymology
914:continental margin
827:Spectrum Formation
800:stratigraphic unit
728:
511:Little Iskut River
406:volcanic in origin
269:Last eruption
252: • Width
3151:Miocene volcanism
3133:
3132:
2876:
2875:
2837:Pyramid Formation
2504:Big Raven Plateau
2382:Central volcanoes
2073:978-1-926806-87-7
1693:, pp. 6, 47.
1499:"Raspberry Creek"
1095:in the foreground
558:central volcanoes
491:Big Raven Plateau
355:
354:
194:Volcanic activity
16:(Redirected from
3168:
3103:Vancouver Island
2926:Interior Plateau
2918:British Columbia
2903:
2896:
2889:
2880:
2817:Edziza Formation
2191:
2184:
2177:
2168:
2163:
2137:
2125:
2093:
2087:
2078:
2077:
2059:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2040:. Archived from
2024:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2014:
1998:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1911:
1902:
1896:
1890:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1865:. Archived from
1849:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1819:
1813:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1749:
1748:
1715:Armstrong, R. L.
1707:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1664:
1658:
1652:
1637:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1610:
1604:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1580:. Archived from
1570:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1538:. Archived from
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1516:
1507:. Archived from
1495:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1465:
1456:
1450:
1441:
1435:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1402:
1396:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1350:
1307:
1306:
1282:
1271:
1265:
1254:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1229:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1180:
1164:
1022:provincial parks
1000:Tahltan language
542:shield volcanoes
479:Skeena Mountains
477:and west of the
467:Tahltan Highland
399:provincial parks
375:Tahltan Highland
371:British Columbia
369:of northwestern
164:Tahltan Highland
153:British Columbia
140:
139:
137:
136:
135:
130:
126:
123:
122:
121:
118:
91:
90:
84:
53:
42:Volcanic plateau
30:
21:
3176:
3175:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3129:
3121:Interior Plains
3115:
3097:
3069:
3005:Stikine Plateau
2999:
2920:
2907:
2877:
2872:
2846:
2793:
2739:Raspberry Creek
2674:Bourgeaux Creek
2650:
2646:Tennaya Glacier
2636:Tenchen Glacier
2617:
2594:
2577:Mountain passes
2571:
2513:
2485:
2457:
2409:
2376:
2343:
2200:
2195:
2150:"Kitsu Plateau"
2148:
2145:
2140:
2134:
2106:
2102:
2097:
2096:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2047:
2045:
2026:
2025:
2021:
2012:
2010:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1986:
1984:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1961:
1957:
1913:
1912:
1905:
1897:
1893:
1885:
1881:
1872:
1870:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1838:
1834:
1826:
1822:
1814:
1810:
1802:
1798:
1791:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1759:
1752:
1709:
1708:
1697:
1689:
1685:
1677:
1673:
1665:
1661:
1653:
1640:
1632:
1628:
1620:
1613:
1605:
1596:
1587:
1585:
1572:
1571:
1554:
1545:
1543:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1514:
1512:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1483:
1481:
1467:
1466:
1459:
1451:
1444:
1436:
1432:
1423:
1421:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1391:
1387:
1352:
1351:
1310:
1303:
1284:
1283:
1274:
1266:
1257:
1248:
1246:
1231:
1230:
1187:
1178:
1176:
1168:"Kitsu Plateau"
1166:
1165:
1150:
1145:
1133:
1107:, the historic
1085:
1009:
1007:Provincial park
995:northern lights
978:
934:braided channel
876:
847:
829:
796:
756:
744:erosion surface
716:
668:
663:
638:
630:trembling aspen
610:
578:
546:stratovolcanoes
503:Raspberry Creek
499:Bourgeaux Creek
475:Coast Mountains
471:Boundary Ranges
463:
458:
387:Raspberry Creek
339:
334:
329:
324:
295:
228:Northern lights
133:
131:
127:
124:
119:
116:
114:
112:
111:
105:
104:
103:
102:
99:
98:
97:
96:
92:
71:
44:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3174:
3172:
3164:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3138:
3137:
3131:
3130:
3125:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3107:
3105:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3079:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3009:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2975:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2930:
2928:
2922:
2921:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2883:
2874:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2832:Nido Formation
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2803:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2792:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2759:Stewbomb Creek
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2664:Artifact Creek
2660:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2641:Tencho Glacier
2638:
2633:
2627:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2613:Ornostay Bluff
2610:
2604:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2590:Raspberry Pass
2587:
2581:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2542:Obsidian Ridge
2539:
2534:
2532:Cartoona Ridge
2529:
2527:Artifact Ridge
2523:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2495:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2467:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2419:
2417:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2407:
2405:Spectrum Range
2402:
2397:
2392:
2390:Armadillo Peak
2386:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2353:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2274:Mess Lake Cone
2271:
2269:Klastline Cone
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2144:
2143:External links
2141:
2139:
2138:
2132:
2123:10.4095/133497
2108:Souther, J. G.
2103:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2079:
2072:
2054:
2019:
1993:
1967:
1955:
1928:: 1281, 1287.
1903:
1891:
1879:
1844:
1842:, p. 122.
1832:
1830:, p. 105.
1820:
1808:
1796:
1789:
1765:
1750:
1711:Souther, J. G.
1695:
1683:
1671:
1659:
1657:, p. 267.
1638:
1626:
1611:
1609:, p. 235.
1594:
1552:
1521:
1490:
1457:
1455:, p. 113.
1442:
1430:
1397:
1395:, p. 234.
1385:
1379:10.4095/133498
1354:Souther, J. G.
1308:
1301:
1272:
1255:
1185:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1139:
1132:
1129:
1084:
1081:
1075:and migratory
1037:mountain goats
1017:protected area
1008:
1005:
988:office by the
977:
974:
875:
872:
859:volcanic rocks
846:
843:
828:
825:
795:
794:Nido Formation
792:
785:Armadillo Peak
781:Sezill Volcano
755:
752:
715:
712:
667:
664:
662:
659:
637:
634:
626:lodgepole pine
609:
606:
577:
574:
570:Armadillo Peak
519:Spectrum Range
507:Artifact Ridge
495:Raspberry Pass
462:
459:
457:
454:
450:volcanic cones
434:volcanic rocks
412:with volcanic
353:
352:
345:
344:
341:Artifact Ridge
336:Raspberry Pass
328:valley (south)
321:Spectrum Range
318:
314:
313:
308:
304:
303:
284:
278:
277:
271:
265:
264:
261:
257:
256:
253:
249:
248:
245:
241:
240:
236:
235:
225:
219:
218:
201:
197:
196:
191:
187:
186:
183:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
146:
142:
141:
107:
106:
100:
94:
93:
86:
85:
79:
78:
77:
76:
73:
72:
54:
46:
45:
40:
37:
36:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3173:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3128:
3124:
3122:
3118:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3078:
3076:
3075:Yukon Plateau
3072:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2967:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2927:
2923:
2919:
2915:
2911:
2904:
2899:
2897:
2892:
2890:
2885:
2884:
2881:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2849:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2796:
2790:
2789:Walkout Creek
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2779:Tennaya Creek
2777:
2775:
2774:Tenchen Creek
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2764:Tadekho Creek
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2754:Sorcery Creek
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2734:Pyramid Creek
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2679:Chakima Creek
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2631:Idiji Glacier
2629:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2608:Koosick Bluff
2606:
2605:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2562:Wetalth Ridge
2560:
2558:
2557:Tsekone Ridge
2555:
2553:
2552:Sorcery Ridge
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2510:
2509:Kitsu Plateau
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2454:
2453:Triangle Dome
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2373:
2372:Wetalth Ridge
2370:
2368:
2367:Tsekone Ridge
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2346:
2340:
2339:Williams Cone
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2324:Triplex Cones
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2239:Coffee Crater
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2192:
2187:
2185:
2180:
2178:
2173:
2172:
2169:
2161:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2135:
2133:0-660-14407-7
2129:
2124:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2092:, p. 31.
2091:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2075:
2069:
2065:
2058:
2055:
2044:on 2021-09-21
2043:
2039:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1983:
1982:
1977:
1976:"Kitsu Creek"
1971:
1968:
1965:, p. 39.
1964:
1959:
1956:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1918:
1910:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1883:
1880:
1869:on 2022-09-22
1868:
1864:
1860:
1859:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1824:
1821:
1817:
1812:
1809:
1805:
1800:
1797:
1792:
1790:0-521-43811-X
1786:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1769:
1766:
1763:, p. 83.
1762:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1712:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1687:
1684:
1681:, p. 47.
1680:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1618:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1603:
1601:
1599:
1595:
1584:on 2023-01-23
1583:
1579:
1575:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1553:
1542:on 2021-10-01
1541:
1537:
1536:
1531:
1530:"Nagha Creek"
1525:
1522:
1511:on 2021-08-20
1510:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1494:
1491:
1480:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1469:"Kitsu Creek"
1464:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1449:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1431:
1420:on 2010-12-11
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1406:"The Ash Pit"
1401:
1398:
1394:
1389:
1386:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1341:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1309:
1304:
1302:0-521-43811-X
1298:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1270:, p. 32.
1269:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1245:on 2021-05-02
1244:
1240:
1236:
1235:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1101:Kinaskan Lake
1094:
1089:
1083:Accessibility
1082:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1023:
1018:
1014:
1006:
1004:
1001:
997:
996:
991:
987:
983:
975:
973:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
951:
950:conglomerates
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
900:of volcanic,
899:
896:
892:
888:
885:
881:
873:
871:
869:
864:
860:
856:
852:
844:
842:
840:
839:Spectrum Dome
835:
826:
824:
822:
818:
814:
809:
805:
801:
793:
791:
789:
786:
782:
779:north called
777:
773:
769:
765:
762:
753:
751:
749:
745:
742:
738:
734:
725:
720:
713:
711:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
676:alkali basalt
673:
665:
660:
658:
656:
652:
648:
644:
635:
633:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
607:
605:
603:
598:
594:
590:
586:
583:
582:Stikine River
575:
573:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
530:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
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431:
427:
423:
422:Alkali basalt
419:
415:
411:
407:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
359:Kitsu Plateau
351:
346:
342:
337:
333:valley (west)
332:
327:
322:
319:
312:
309:
302:
299:
294:
291:
288:
285:
283:
275:
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254:
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233:
229:
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224:
217:
216:alkali basalt
213:
209:
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202:
195:
192:
184:
182:
175:
172:
165:
162:
154:
150:
147:
138:
110:Coordinates:
108:
95:Kitsu Plateau
83:
69:
65:
61:
58:
52:
43:
38:
34:Kitsu Plateau
31:
19:
3052:
2784:Tsecha Creek
2749:Shaman Creek
2744:Sezill Creek
2704:Kadeya Creek
2699:Gerlib Creek
2684:Crayke Creek
2585:Destell Pass
2547:Pillow Ridge
2508:
2438:Pharaoh Dome
2423:Glacier Dome
2395:Mount Edziza
2362:Tennena Cone
2357:Pillow Ridge
2289:Outcast Hill
2279:Moraine Cone
2254:Icefall Cone
2234:Cocoa Crater
2229:Cinder Cliff
2206:Cinder cones
2153:
2111:
2090:Souther 1992
2063:
2057:
2046:. Retrieved
2042:the original
2031:
2022:
2011:. Retrieved
2005:
2002:"Kitsu Peak"
1996:
1985:. Retrieved
1979:
1970:
1963:Souther 1992
1958:
1921:
1915:
1899:Souther 1992
1894:
1887:Souther 1992
1882:
1871:. Retrieved
1867:the original
1856:
1847:
1840:Souther 1992
1835:
1828:Souther 1992
1823:
1816:Souther 1992
1811:
1804:Souther 1992
1799:
1775:
1768:
1761:Souther 1992
1724:
1718:
1691:Souther 1992
1686:
1679:Souther 1992
1674:
1667:Souther 1992
1662:
1655:Souther 1992
1634:Souther 1992
1629:
1622:Souther 1992
1607:Souther 1992
1586:. Retrieved
1582:the original
1544:. Retrieved
1540:the original
1533:
1524:
1513:. Retrieved
1509:the original
1502:
1493:
1482:. Retrieved
1472:
1453:Souther 1992
1438:Souther 1992
1433:
1422:. Retrieved
1418:the original
1409:
1400:
1393:Souther 1992
1388:
1361:
1358:Geologic map
1287:
1268:Souther 1992
1247:. Retrieved
1243:the original
1233:
1177:. Retrieved
1171:
1114:
1098:
1026:
1010:
993:
979:
946:Sustut Group
889:. This is a
877:
848:
834:pantellerite
830:
819:and glacial-
797:
757:
741:Late Miocene
729:
669:
666:Stratigraphy
639:
622:white spruce
611:
579:
562:Mount Edziza
554:cinder cones
531:
469:east of the
464:
403:
358:
356:
348:Location in
293:Mount Edziza
3043:Arctic Lake
2769:Taweh Creek
2724:Nagha Creek
2709:Kitsu Creek
2694:Flyin Creek
2689:Elwyn Creek
2537:Idiji Ridge
2463:Lava fields
2448:Sphinx Dome
2443:The Pyramid
2433:Nanook Dome
2309:Source Hill
2214:The Ash Pit
1731:: 342–344.
1041:stone sheep
992:. It means
908:rocks that
906:metamorphic
902:sedimentary
808:agglutinate
733:interbedded
722:Map of the
655:The Ash Pit
589:Kitsu Creek
527:Nagha Creek
515:Iskut River
410:interbedded
383:Nagha Creek
361:is a small
326:Nagha Creek
323:(southeast)
307:Designation
132: /
120:130°45′06″W
64:The Ash Pit
3140:Categories
2729:Nido Creek
2719:More Creek
2669:Ball Creek
2567:Yagi Ridge
2428:IGC Centre
2415:Lava domes
2314:Storm Cone
2304:Sleet Cone
2299:Sidas Cone
2294:Ridge Cone
2284:Nahta Cone
2249:Exile Hill
2219:Cache Hill
2048:2023-05-03
2013:2024-09-20
1987:2024-09-20
1873:2024-09-21
1588:2024-09-15
1546:2024-09-10
1515:2024-09-10
1484:2024-09-09
1424:2024-09-07
1249:2021-09-25
1179:2024-09-07
1143:References
1121:Dease Lake
1069:gyrfalcons
1061:ptarmigans
962:siltstones
954:sandstones
938:Cretaceous
851:lava bombs
776:comenditic
593:Kitsu Peak
550:lava domes
523:Yagi Ridge
487:Mess Creek
379:Mess Creek
331:Mess Creek
317:Borders on
239:Dimensions
117:57°27′59″N
68:depression
3111:Forbidden
3048:Big Raven
3018:Klastline
2983:Bonaparte
2944:Chilcotin
2914:highlands
2858:Gnu Butte
2329:Twin Cone
2319:Thaw Hill
2264:Keda Cone
2259:Kana Cone
2224:Camp Hill
1950:0016-7606
1745:0016-7606
1077:songbirds
1053:squirrels
968:or minor
942:Paleocene
926:colluvium
922:landslide
891:Paleozoic
880:underlain
772:trachytic
768:ash flows
748:volcanism
688:Armadillo
684:Raspberry
643:numeronym
636:Landforms
632:forests.
608:Structure
602:Mess Lake
597:tributary
585:watershed
442:Volcanism
301:Mess Lake
260:Elevation
223:Etymology
204:Comendite
190:Formed by
3088:Nisutlin
3065:Tanzilla
3028:Spatsizi
2988:Nicoamen
2978:Thompson
2973:Okanagan
2966:McGregor
2910:Plateaus
2623:Glaciers
2491:Plateaus
2400:Ice Peak
2244:Eve Cone
1578:BC Parks
1131:See also
1125:BC Parks
918:Jurassic
910:accreted
895:Mesozoic
884:Stikinia
874:Basement
863:Holocene
857:. These
761:air-fall
576:Drainage
566:Ice Peak
529:valley.
509:and the
461:Location
446:Holocene
430:trachyte
426:hawaiite
282:Topo map
274:Holocene
212:hawaiite
208:trachyte
155:, Canada
145:Location
57:air-fall
3127:Alberta
3038:Tahltan
2993:Shuswap
2961:Nechako
2954:Quesnel
2949:Dil-Dil
2939:Cariboo
2656:Streams
2100:Sources
1930:Bibcode
1103:on the
1033:caribou
998:in the
958:arkoses
930:outwash
912:to the
887:terrane
882:by the
821:fluvial
813:fissure
804:breccia
788:caldera
661:Geology
651:craters
473:of the
338:(north)
232:Tahltan
200:Geology
170:Part of
3093:Teslin
3033:Tagish
3023:Nahlin
2934:Fraser
2600:Bluffs
2519:Ridges
2130:
2070:
1948:
1787:
1743:
1299:
1073:grouse
1065:ravens
1045:wolves
966:shales
855:tephra
764:pumice
737:scoria
680:felsic
647:tundra
414:ejecta
343:(east)
290:104G10
60:tephra
3083:Dease
3053:Kitsu
3013:Kawdy
2851:Other
1924:(8).
1727:(3).
1117:Iskut
1049:bears
1029:moose
898:suite
735:with
298:104G7
160:Range
3060:Taku
2912:and
2128:ISBN
2068:ISBN
1946:ISSN
1785:ISBN
1741:ISSN
1297:ISBN
1119:and
1057:owls
1015:, a
970:coal
932:and
924:and
904:and
893:and
817:till
806:and
774:and
766:and
696:Nido
686:and
628:and
552:and
428:and
385:and
357:The
296:NTS
2916:of
2118:doi
1938:doi
1922:112
1733:doi
1374:doi
1360:).
770:of
525:by
481:in
365:in
287:NTS
276:age
181:Age
3142::
2158:.
2152:.
2126:.
2082:^
2036:.
2030:.
2004:.
1978:.
1944:.
1936:.
1920:.
1906:^
1861:.
1855:.
1779:.
1753:^
1739:.
1725:95
1723:.
1713:;
1698:^
1641:^
1614:^
1597:^
1576:.
1555:^
1532:.
1501:.
1477:.
1471:.
1460:^
1445:^
1412:.
1408:.
1372:.
1368:.
1311:^
1291:.
1275:^
1258:^
1188:^
1170:.
1151:^
1071:,
1067:,
1063:,
1059:,
1055:,
1051:,
1047:,
1043:,
1039:,
1035:,
1031:,
972:.
964:,
960:,
956:,
952:,
624:,
604:.
568:,
564:,
548:,
544:,
452:.
424:,
381:,
214:,
210:,
206:,
151:,
2902:e
2895:t
2888:v
2190:e
2183:t
2176:v
2162:.
2136:.
2120::
2076:.
2051:.
2016:.
1990:.
1952:.
1940::
1932::
1876:.
1793:.
1747:.
1735::
1591:.
1549:.
1518:.
1487:.
1427:.
1382:.
1376::
1305:.
1252:.
1182:.
940:–
234:)
230:(
20:)
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