301:, the Dream Plan proposes that the new system move towards new centers of economic growth connected via an efficient high capacity high quality transport backbone. This would be defined by five growth center clusters: The existing Metro Manila cluster, a North Regional Growth Center based on gateway sea and airports in Region III, a South Regional Growth Center based on gateway seaports in Region IV-A, a two sub-regional growth centers to the immediate north and immediate south of the Manila cluster, respectively.
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The plan calls for the rehabilitation of the existing radial-circumferential system, and the completion of links in that system which for different reasons have never been built. Connections in need of completion most notably include the Pasig River connections of C3 and the southern linkages of C5
191:
Spatial integration refers to an approach that expands the search for solutions to Metro Manila's problems to integrate areas outside its current boundaries - looking towards creating new centers of urban growth and linking them efficiently, allowing for the management of population growth and urban
571:
The plan also calls for a transport backbone in the form of intra-city expressways that would connect NLEx with SLEx, decongesting traffic on non-toll highways in the existing metropolitan area by allowing north–south travel without having to pass through Manila streets, and by creating alternative
713:
The plan calls for the rail to have no level crossings at main roads, and for at-grade freight long-haul trains be developed beneath the elevated railway. It is expected that the creation of this rail line will promote urban growth along a north–south axis, further promoting the development of the
709:
The North-South
Commuter Rail proposed by the dream plan will be a 180 km (110 mi) railway line with high capacity trains serving a route initially from Malolos City, Bulacan in Central Luzon to Calamba, Laguna, in Calabarzon. The Northern segment of the commuter rail is subdivided into
510:
When the transport backbones are in place, the dream plan calls for the cargo-handling function of Metro Manila's ports to be shifted to Subic and
Batangas, which would be achieved by limiting the future expansion of the existing Manila ports and then providing incentives for shipping companies to
731:
Since its path hews close to much of EDSA, it is expected to dramatically improve mobility and accessibility along that critical route. It is also expected that the creation of this subway line will promote urban growth along a north–south axis, further promoting the development of the North and
601:
The completion of missing links such as bridges or unfinished stretches of roads in the existing road networks, most notably the middle portion
Circumferential Road 3 across the Pasig river, and the south portion Circumferential Road 5 connecting to the Metro Manila Skyway and to Cavite Coastal
187:
Sector integration refers to an approach that views various problematic aspects of Metro Manila's urban development as interrelated, and addressing them as such. The plan identifies critical sectors as traffic flow, settlement in hazardous areas, and overpopulation, and thus it seeks integrated
256:
A significant philosophical approach of the Dream Plan is to redirect the Manila-centered spatial orientation of the metropolitan area and turn it into a network of carefully planned urban centers arranged on a north–south axis. This hopes to correct the current radial pattern of metropolitan
140:
The Metro Manila Dream Plan is a short- to long-term strategy (2016, 2020, and 2030 milestones) whose objective is to formulate a transportation infrastructure roadmap for the sustainable development of Metro Manila and its surrounding areas
Regions III and IV-A (also known as "Mega Manila" or
279:
All this would have to be connected via highly efficient transport backbones - envisioned by the dream plan as a "ladder form" structure, which would overlay high capacity expressway and railway networks over the existing radial-circumferential highway system of the current metropolitan area.
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Projects under the short-term program (2014–2016) of the dream plan's at-grade urban roads component include highways and secondary urban roads. A number of the projects identified in the short-term program were actually already ongoing when the plan was approved by the NEDA, having already
1543:
Specific aspects to be improved under the short-term program (2014–2016) of the dream plan's traffic management strengthening component include intersection capacity, traffic control centers, pedestrian crossings, intelligent parking, incident detection, signal control systems, travel time
149:(JICA) in cooperation with the Department of Transportation and Communication (DOTC), Department of Public Works & Highways (DPWH), Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA), the private sector, and various organizations. The masterplan was approved by the president in September 2014.
580:
The plan also calls for a transport backbone in the form of suburban railways, which would become the primary connector between
Regional Growth Centers (Metro Manila, North, and South) and the Sub-Regional Growth Centers defined by peri-urban development north and south of Manila.
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The original study which came up with the dream plan was conducted by JICA at the request of the NEDA and was conducted from March 2013 to March 2014. Stakeholders consulted included the NEDA, the DPWH, the DOTC, the MMDA, and the
Private Sector, among others.
1836:. Japan International Cooperation Agency; Republic of the Philippines National Economic Development Authority; Department of Transportation and Communications; Department of Public Works and Highways; Metro Manila Development Authority. June 24, 2014.
271:
Restricting further urban expansion along the northern and southern coasts of manila bay, retaining only the existing port area as a transportation hub, effectively making Manila bay another eco-zone, this time on the west side of the
Greater Capital
572:
routes for travelers who are willing to pay for faster flow of traffic. Also critical is the connection these expressways would create between the new gateway ports of the North and South
Regional Growth centers proposed by the plan.
288:
This strategy expands the metropolitan area into what the plan refers to as a "Greater
Capital Region" (GCR), which would incorporate the present National Capital Region (NCR), Region III (Central Luzon), and Region IV-A (Calabarzon).
780:
It also calls for the use of
Intelligent Transport Services (ITS) such as Mobile navigation systems for commuters, Multi-story parking facilities, Park & Ride Facilities at rail stations, Community Use Bicycle Sharing, and so on.
530:
Before this "New NAIA" is in place, it proposes the improvement of the existing NAIA and the utilization of the Sangley point Runway. It also suggests the improvement of Clark, which would serve as an alternative to NAIA.
735:
A preliminary study for the Metro Manila Subway was done during the course of the main Roadmap Study from 2013 to 2014, and the DPWH has announced that it expects to complete a master plan for the subway within 2015.
554:(C-6) at its outer boundaries. The Dream Plan takes the existing radial-circumferential system and proposes a ladder-form structure connecting the existing urban core with new urban centers along a north–south axis.
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The plan is organized into five components: at-grade urban roads; main roads/expressways network; urban and suburban rail network; road-based public transport; and traffic management strengthening.
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The Metro Manila Subway proposed by the dream plan will be a 58 km subway which will serve as a second north–south mass transit backbone for the newly expanded Greater Capital Region.
626:
The plan intends for these toll expressways to decongest traffic on the main roads by providing an option to those road users willing to pay a toll fee in exchange for faster travel time.
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The plan defines highways as the "main roads" that facilitate travel within the metro for the majority of residents, and distinguishes them from "Expressways", which will charge a toll.
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development, which encourages settlement in the high flood-risk zones on the east and west and in the high quake-risk zones on the east of the present metropolis.
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137:, with the hope of turning it into a focal point for addressing Metro Manila's interlinked problems in the areas of transportation, land use, and environment.
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1785:"Philippines Government Adopts Manila Transport Plan Based on JICA Study:Plan aims to cut traffic congestion, air pollution and excessive burden on the poor"
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The 33-kilometer railway system's initial phase will encompass eight local government units in Metro Manila and traverse three central business districts.
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use the Subic and Batangas ports. The dream plan also calls for the expansion of the Lucena seaport, complementing the load of the Batangas seaport.
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Development in this cluster would be centered on gateway seaports at Batangas and Lucena. Additional urban centers identified in this cluster include
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A follow up study was published in 2019, under the “Follow Up Survey on Roadmap for Transport Infrastructure Development for Greater Capital Region".
2121:
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Evolving from a plan first developed in the late 1970s, Metro Manila's transport system currently follows a radial-circumferential system, with the
42:
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1989:
1963:
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The Dream Plan identifies three core philosophies, which it expresses as: sector integration; spatial integration; and institutional integration.
321:. Efforts in this particular cluster would focus on inner city redevelopment or revitalization, and the rehabilitation of disaster prone areas.
275:
Controlling urban expansion using careful planning of new urban centers to the south of Manila, with a hierarchical development strategy in mind.
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1682:. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), Republic of the Philippines National Economic Development Authority (NEDA). June 10, 2014.
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Development efforts in this area would be focused on planned urban expansion in the form of affordable housing for informal settlers.
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Development efforts in this area would be focused on planned urban expansion in the form of affordable housing for informal settlers.
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is projected to be the major urban core area in the Bulacan Sub-regional Growth Center, with other identified urban centers including
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Environmental risks to urban settlements in areas prone to natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, typhoons, landslides, etc.
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is projected to be the major urban core area in this sub-regional growth cluster, with other identified urban centers including
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The Dream Plan expresses its goals in terms of five key problems which it aims to definitively address, which it calls "5 Nos":
145:'s leadership of the National Economic Development Authority (NEDA), the study was done from 2013 to 2014 with a grant from the
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1929:"FOLLOW-UP SURVEY ON ROADMAP FOR TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT FOR GREATER CAPITAL REGION (GCR): FINAL REPORT - SUMMARY"
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It proposes a 246 km main rail network consisting of 6 lines, and a 72 km secondary rail network made up of 5 lines.
68:
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The at-grade roads component of the dream plan calls for the systematic expansion of Manila's main roads network, including:
46:
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The "road-based public transport" component of the dream plan concerns itself mostly with Buses and Jeepneys. It proposes:
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The plan recommends a comprehensive traffic management study to cover these interconnected aspects of traffic management.
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Once the New NAIA is in place, it suggests that the current NAIA could be converted into a new central business district.
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Projects under the short-term program (2014–2016) of the dream plan's road-based public transport component include:
520:
353:
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The dream plan also includes a short term action plan for the development of seaports and airports, which includes:
57:
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672:
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The plan calls for the construction of 426 km of Intercity expressway, and 78 km of Urban expressway.
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approaches for "accommodat people in need of affordable housing free from hazard risks and traffic congestion."
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Another important aspect of this component of the dream plan is integrated lines and improved accessibility.
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Development in this cluster would be centered on the new Clark Green City, the gateway seaport at Subic, and
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Restricting further urban expansion in the Marikina Valley, defining the mountains of Rizal and the shore of
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2015:
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The Dream Plan identified three interrelated problems development in Metro Manila would have to address:
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The creation of an incentives system for diverting port activities to Batangas and Subic seaports; and
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expansion in a sustainable manner. Specifically, the Dream Plan seeks to create new growth areas in
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prediction, road maintenance schedule and monitoring, transport priority, bus schedule assistance.
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Finally, institutional integration, refers to the need to strengthen and coordinate actions among
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Land use, specifically the lack of affordable housing and the presence of slum/squatter areas, and
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The Metro Manila cluster would be formed by the existing NCR, plus nearby urban centers such as
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JICAChannel02: The Official Global Channel of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
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Projects under the short-term program (2014–2016) of the dream plan's expressways include:
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towards Cavite and the South Skyway. Major renovations most notably include those on EDSA.
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127:
Roadmap for Transport Infrastructure Development for Metro Manila and Its Surrounding Areas
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The South Sub-regional Growth Center cluster would be formed by new urban development in
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The North Sub-regional Growth Center cluster would be formed by new urban development in
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which would serve as a gateway airport for the central and northern cluster, and a "New
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two phases which are PNR Clark 1 or Tutuban-Malolos and PNR Clark 2 or Malolos-Clark.
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It also calls for a "Metro Manila Central Business District Transit System Study."
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The traffic management component of the dream plan calls for the modernization of:
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A significant expansion of existing rail lines and construction of new ones like:
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The dream plan also proposes the development of two new gateway airports - one in
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The South Regional Growth Center cluster would be formed by the urban centers of
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The implementation of already-committed improvement packages for NAIA and Clark;
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24:
1903:"Gov't OKs JICA 'dream plan' to reduce traffic: Traffic seen to worsen by 2030"
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Circumferential Road 5 (C-5)-Greenmeadows-Calle Industria-Eastwood Interchange
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The plan calls for the expansion of Manila's urban and suburban rail network.
443:
356:. Additional urban centers identified in this cluster include Tarlac City in
342:
201:
1855:. New Manila, Quezon City, Philippines: BusinessWorld Publishing Corporation
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The modernization of the vehicles and the system by which they are operated,
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1787:(Press release). Japan International Cooperation Agency. September 25, 2014
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The North Regional Growth Center cluster would be formed primarily by the
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2016:"LRT-1 Cavite extension phase 1 now 97% complete, may open in Q4 of 2024"
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129:, refers to a 2014 integrated plan for improving the transport system in
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1909:. Quezon City, Philippines: ABS-CBN Interactive. September 2, 2014
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urban areas to the west, and then secondarily by urban centers of
1675:(The Philippines) MEGA MANILA INFRASTRUCTURE ROADMAP (Long Ver.)
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previously been identified as critical infrastructure projects.
318:
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A rationalization of the public transport route structure, and
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as an eco-zone on the east side of the Greater Capital Region;
18:
1562:
The placement of a cap for the expansion of Manila seaports;
1277:
Southern Tagalog Arterial Road (STAR) Tollway Redevelopment
527:" which would be based outside of the existing urban area.
967:
EDSA-North Avenue-West Avenue-Mindanao Avenue Interchange
1946:"Metro Manila subway master plan set for 2015 completion"
567:
Connector expressways as a north-south transport backbone
380:
South Regional Growth Center Region (Batangas and Lucena)
2043:"LRT 2 project linking Recto, Tondo kicking off in 2025"
16:
Philippine government infrastructure investment strategy
995:
EDSA-Roosevelt Avenue-Congressional Avenue Interchange
718:
Metro Manila Subway (Mindanao Avenue NLEX – FTI - NAIA)
1990:"BGC-Ortigas Center Link's 'Kalayaan Bridge' now open"
576:
Suburban railways as a north-south transport backbone
1964:"Metro Manila Subway eyes 'full operations' by 2029"
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the expansion of secondary roads in periurban areas.
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No Excessive Cost Burden for Low Income Groups; and
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1521:Three Integrated Provincial Bus Terminals (IPBTs);
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1822:
646:Prominent projects under this component include:
325:North Regional Growth Center (Subic-Clark-Tarlac)
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538:Reorienting Mega Manila's road network structure
450:South Sub-regional Growth Center (Cavite-Laguna)
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1626:
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1622:
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2080:
1551:Action Plan for Gateway Seaports and Airports
1524:Public Road Passenger Transport Reform Study;
757:Improved terminals and interchange facilities
669:East and West Extensions (Masinag and Pier 4)
238:No Households Living in Hazardous Conditions;
8:
1047:Other Southern Luzon Road Projects (Ongoing)
2654:Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System
1044:Other Central Luzon Road Projects (Ongoing)
2366:
2105:National Capital Region of the Philippines
2087:
2073:
2065:
419:North Sub-regional Growth Center (Bulacan)
2334:Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
1574:the redevelopment of the Manila Port Area
714:North and South Regional Growth Centers.
699:North-South Commuter Rail (Clark-Calamba)
605:The creation of 137 km of new roads,
141:"Greater Metro Manila"). Under President
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1847:Dela Paz, C. J. V. (September 2, 2014).
1041:Preparatory Studies for Several Projects
611:Sidewalks and pedestrian facilities, and
297:Instead of being centered solely on the
293:Controlled creation of new urban centers
1612:
3022:Japan International Cooperation Agency
1882:Japan International Cooperation Agency
1764:Japan International Cooperation Agency
558:Existing Radial-Circumferential System
537:
147:Japan International Cooperation Agency
2674:Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission
1374:MRT Line 3 Capacity Expansion Project
1064:
808:
196:, with the new Clark Green City (now
7:
506:Subic, Batangas, and Lucena Seaports
47:adding citations to reliable sources
2836:Department of Transportation (DOTr)
1833:The Dream Plan for Mega Manila 2013
1571:the development of a "New NAIA" and
1513:Road-based public transport network
515:NAIA, Clark, and New NAIA Airports
241:No Barriers for Seamless Mobility;
14:
2679:Laguna Lake Development Authority
2649:Manila Electric Company (Meralco)
2476:Rehabilitation of the Pasig River
1849:"Plan seeks to untangle gridlock"
1408:Automated Fare Collection System
1357:LRT Line 2 West Extension Project
1339:LRT Line 2 East Extension Project
964:Metro Manila Interchange Project
212:port areas as core focal points.
2991:
2990:
1891:from the original on 2021-06-24.
1766:. September 2014. Archived from
1539:Traffic management strengthening
1206:Laguna Lakeshore Expressway Dike
501:Development of new gateway ports
23:
2509:Oldest buildings and structures
1527:Bus Rapid Transit System 1; and
1296:Urban and suburban rail network
732:South Regional Growth Centers.
663:Cavite (South) Extension (Niog)
585:2030 Dream Plan Main Components
34:needs additional citations for
3017:Transportation in Metro Manila
1596:Transportation in Metro Manila
1015:Bypass Road (Package 3 and 4)
913:Lawton-BGC Viaduct (Phase 2A)
785:Short Term Program (2014–2016)
462:, and some parts of Batangas.
1:
2705:Primary and secondary schools
2632:Public services and utilities
2409:Battles of La Naval de Manila
2263:La Mesa Watershed Reservation
1086:Central Luzon Link Expressway
252:Regional Integration Strategy
2414:British occupation of Manila
2268:Marikina Valley Fault System
1601:Build! Build! Build! Program
1473:North–South Commuter Railway
1261:Calamba–Los Baños Expressway
1225:Muntinlupa–Cavite Expressway
790:At-grade urban roads network
705:North–South Commuter Railway
2583:Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
2049:. Philippine Daily Inquirer
2022:. Philippine Daily Inquirer
1988:Rey, Aika (June 12, 2021).
1568:The conduct of studies for
1321:LRT Line 1 Cavite Extension
1164:Metro Manila Skyway Stage 3
743:Road-based public transport
354:Clark International Airport
3038:
2793:Theaters and concert halls
1875:Main Points of the Roadmap
1757:Main Points of the Roadmap
1456:MRT Line 3 Rehabilitation
1440:LRT Line 2 Rehabilitation
1424:LRT Line 1 Rehabilitation
895:Santa Monica–Lawton Bridge
825:
721:
702:
372:, Cabanatuan and Gapan in
2976:
2968:Frost Plan of Quezon City
2910:Pasig River Ferry Service
2695:Colleges and universities
2578:Manila Commodity Exchange
2573:Philippine Stock Exchange
2499:
2369:
2102:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1275:
1259:
1241:
1223:
1220:
1204:
1180:
1123:NLEX-SLEX Connector Roads
1122:
1106:
1103:
1084:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1061:
1011:
963:
945:
928:
883:
861:
844:
828:
820:
817:
814:
811:
805:
652:North–South Commuter Rail
260:Specifically, this means
227:Objectives, or "Five Nos"
58:"Metro Manila Dream Plan"
2122:Administrative divisions
1243:Cavite–Laguna Expressway
947:C-5 Southlink Expressway
773:traffic enforcement, and
161:Problems to be addressed
2958:Metro Manila Dream Plan
2761:Roman Catholic churches
2669:Maynilad Water Services
2466:People Power Revolution
2449:Battle of Manila (1945)
2434:Battle of Manila (1899)
2404:Manila–Acapulco Galleon
1052:Toll Expressway Network
1038:Secondary Road Packages
677:Line 5 (BGC-Makati-MOA)
654:from Malolos to Calamba
546:at its center and with
123:Metro Manila Dream Plan
2963:Burnham Plan of Manila
2618:Mixed-use developments
2444:City of Greater Manila
2419:1880 Luzon earthquakes
1534:Modernization Programs
830:Metro Manila Skybridge
552:Circumferential Road 6
548:Circumferential Road 5
284:Greater Capital Region
235:No Traffic Congestion;
217:local government units
125:, formally titled the
2710:International schools
2556:Bonifacio Global City
2220:Legislative districts
2041:Piad, Tyrone Jasper.
885:Bonifacio Global City
2878:Intermodal terminals
2664:Manila Water Company
2471:World Youth Day 1995
2429:Battle of Manila Bay
1137:4th Quarter of 2024
770:traffic engineering,
593:At-grade urban roads
156:Strategies and goals
43:improve this article
2943:Nicknames of Manila
2810:Television stations
2756:Religious buildings
2659:Water privatization
2514:Cultural properties
2313:Greater Manila Area
1498:Under-construction
1491:Metro Manila Subway
1480:Under-construction
1398:Under-construction
1328:Under-construction
1251:Under-construction
1193:September 22, 2016
1147:(Segment 9 and 10)
1134:Under-construction
954:Under-construction
922:September 30, 2021
724:Metro Manila Subway
691:Metro Manila Subway
633:Urban/Suburban Rail
200:) at its core, and
169:Traffic congestion,
2771:Songs about Manila
2613:Entertainment City
2519:Historical markers
2481:Rizal Day bombings
2424:Cry of Pugad Lawin
2399:Province of Manila
2308:Manggahan Floodway
2273:Rivers and esteros
1884:. September 2014.
1417:December 16, 2015
776:traffic education.
762:Traffic management
440:San Jose del Monte
143:Benigno Aquino III
3004:
3003:
2948:Notable Manileños
2798:Art Deco theaters
2527:
2526:
2491:COVID-19 pandemic
2439:Province of Rizal
1507:
1506:
1293:
1292:
1174:January 15, 2021
1030:
1029:
247:No Air Pollution.
180:Core philosophies
119:
118:
111:
93:
3029:
2994:
2993:
2367:
2298:Land reclamation
2089:
2082:
2075:
2066:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2038:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2011:
2005:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1925:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1879:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1828:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1761:
1753:
1684:
1683:
1670:
1300:
1145:NLEX Harbor Link
1108:NLEX Segment 8.2
1059:
803:
619:Toll Expressways
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3000:
2972:
2938:Imperial Manila
2926:
2819:
2783:Sporting events
2719:
2700:University Belt
2683:
2627:
2523:
2495:
2486:Typhoon Ketsana
2454:Manila massacre
2356:
2322:
2224:
2116:
2107:
2098:
2093:
2063:
2062:
2052:
2050:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2025:
2023:
2014:Legaspi, Zeus.
2013:
2012:
2008:
1998:
1996:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1973:
1971:
1968:GMA News Online
1962:
1961:
1957:
1950:GMA News Online
1944:
1943:
1939:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1912:
1910:
1907:ABS-CBNnews.com
1901:
1900:
1896:
1888:
1877:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1858:
1856:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1830:
1829:
1800:
1790:
1788:
1783:
1782:
1778:
1770:
1759:
1755:
1754:
1687:
1672:
1671:
1614:
1609:
1592:
1583:
1553:
1541:
1515:
1298:
1245:Stages 1 and 2
1182:NAIA Expressway
1054:
1035:
868:Roxas Boulevard
848:Rehabilitation
801:
792:
787:
764:
745:
726:
720:
707:
701:
635:
621:
595:
587:
578:
569:
560:
540:
517:
508:
503:
489:in Laguna, and
452:
421:
382:
327:
307:
295:
286:
254:
229:
182:
163:
158:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3035:
3033:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3009:
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2988:
2983:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2905:Port of Manila
2899:
2898:
2897:
2892:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2829:
2827:
2825:Transportation
2821:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2815:Radio stations
2812:
2807:
2802:
2801:
2800:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2768:
2766:Shopping malls
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2566:Escolta Street
2558:
2553:
2551:Ortigas Center
2548:
2547:
2546:
2535:
2533:
2529:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2457:
2456:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2370:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2346:
2341:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2248:Marikina River
2245:
2240:
2234:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2094:
2092:
2091:
2084:
2077:
2069:
2061:
2060:
2033:
2006:
1980:
1955:
1937:
1934:. August 2019.
1920:
1894:
1866:
1853:Business World
1839:
1798:
1776:
1773:on 2014-10-11.
1685:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1591:
1588:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1577:
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1563:
1560:
1552:
1549:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1514:
1511:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1453:
1452:
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1447:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1405:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1246:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:July 24, 2015
1233:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1157:
1156:June 15, 2020
1154:
1151:
1148:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1127:NLEX Connector
1124:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1097:July 15, 2021
1095:
1092:
1089:
1083:
1079:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1024:December 2020
1022:
1019:
1016:
1010:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
992:
991:
989:
987:
984:
982:
978:
977:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
961:
960:
958:
955:
952:
949:
943:
942:
940:
938:
935:
933:
926:
925:
923:
920:
917:
914:
910:
909:
907:
906:June 12, 2021
904:
901:
898:
892:
889:Ortigas Center
881:
880:
878:
876:
873:
871:
859:
858:
856:
854:
851:
849:
842:
841:
839:
837:
834:
832:
827:
823:
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
807:
800:
797:
791:
788:
786:
783:
778:
777:
774:
771:
763:
760:
759:
758:
755:
752:
744:
741:
722:Main article:
719:
716:
703:Main article:
700:
697:
696:
695:
694:
693:
688:
683:
678:
675:
670:
664:
655:
634:
631:
620:
617:
616:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
594:
591:
586:
583:
577:
574:
568:
565:
559:
556:
544:City of Manila
539:
536:
516:
513:
507:
504:
502:
499:
491:Trece Martires
451:
448:
420:
417:
381:
378:
326:
323:
306:
303:
299:City of Manila
294:
291:
285:
282:
277:
276:
273:
269:
253:
250:
249:
248:
245:
242:
239:
236:
228:
225:
198:New Clark City
181:
178:
177:
176:
173:
170:
162:
159:
157:
154:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3034:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3012:
2997:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2975:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2953:Sister cities
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2887:
2886:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2788:Sports venues
2786:
2784:
2781:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2731:Annual events
2729:
2728:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2686:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2455:
2452:
2451:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2352:
2349:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2325:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2253:Laguna de Bay
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2101:
2097:
2090:
2085:
2083:
2078:
2076:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2034:
2021:
2017:
2010:
2007:
1995:
1991:
1984:
1981:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1956:
1951:
1947:
1941:
1938:
1930:
1924:
1921:
1913:September 18,
1908:
1904:
1898:
1895:
1887:
1883:
1876:
1870:
1867:
1854:
1850:
1843:
1840:
1835:
1834:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1786:
1780:
1777:
1769:
1765:
1758:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1677:
1676:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1587:
1580:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1518:
1512:
1510:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1467:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1349:July 1, 2021
1348:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1306:Construction
1301:
1295:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1202:
1201:Laguna de Bay
1199:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1068:Construction
1060:
1057:
1051:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1008:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
948:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
911:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
886:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
865:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
831:
824:
812:Construction
804:
798:
796:
789:
784:
782:
775:
772:
769:
768:
767:
761:
756:
753:
750:
749:
748:
742:
740:
737:
733:
729:
725:
717:
715:
711:
706:
698:
692:
689:
687:
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60: –
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48:
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32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2957:
2931:Other topics
2776:Manila sound
2544:Ayala Avenue
2258:Sierra Madre
2113:capital city
2096:Metro Manila
2051:. Retrieved
2047:Inquirer.net
2046:
2036:
2024:. Retrieved
2020:Inquirer.net
2019:
2009:
1997:. Retrieved
1993:
1983:
1972:. Retrieved
1970:. 2024-05-21
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1911:. Retrieved
1906:
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1859:18 September
1857:. Retrieved
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1789:. Retrieved
1779:
1768:the original
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1516:
1508:
1312:Operational
1221:Region IV-A
1074:Operational
1055:
818:Operational
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362:San Fernando
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305:Metro Manila
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131:Metro Manila
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99:January 2022
96:
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2832:Government
2623:Skyscrapers
2598:Attractions
2588:Manila Mint
2461:City of Man
2339:Chairperson
2318:Mega Manila
2243:Pasig River
2195:Quezon City
2150:Mandaluyong
1465:March 2022
1033:Other Roads
497:in Cavite.
374:Nueva Ecija
204:, with the
135:Philippines
3011:Categories
2873:P2P routes
2868:Bus routes
2805:Newspapers
2751:Public art
2736:Cemeteries
2539:Makati CBD
2394:Intramuros
2374:Prehistory
2327:Government
2238:Manila Bay
2210:Valenzuela
2165:Muntinlupa
1974:2024-08-22
1880:(Report).
1791:October 7,
1762:(Report).
1607:References
1581:JICA Study
1462:Completed
1414:Completed
1391:MRT Line 7
1346:Completed
1284:Completed
1281:2013–2015
1232:Completed
1190:Completed
1171:Completed
1153:Completed
1094:Completed
1021:Completed
932:-C-5 link
919:Completed
903:Completed
897:(Phase 1)
550:(C-5) and
444:Meycauayan
343:Cabanatuan
202:Calabarzon
69:newspapers
2715:Libraries
2688:Education
2639:Hospitals
2353:(defunct)
2230:Geography
2215:Barangays
2175:Parañaque
2135:Las Piñas
1364:Proposed
1267:Proposed
1212:Proposed
1114:Proposed
1082:Region 3
1009:Region 3
1000:Proposed
986:Proposed
972:Proposed
937:Proposed
891:Link Road
875:Proposed
836:Proposed
608:Flyovers,
487:San Pablo
475:Sta. Rosa
471:San Pedro
2996:Category
2917:Aviation
2608:Gambling
2504:Timeline
2351:Governor
2303:Bay City
2200:San Juan
2160:Marikina
2130:Caloocan
1999:June 12,
1886:Archived
1590:See also
1530:Bus and
1495:2019–29
1477:2019–28
1459:2019–22
1446:Ongoing
1443:2011–26
1430:Ongoing
1427:2011–26
1395:2017–25
1381:Ongoing
1343:2015–21
1325:2019–22
1303:Project
1248:2017–25
1229:2012–15
1187:2014–16
1184:Phase 2
1168:2014–21
1150:2014–20
1131:2019–24
1091:2017–21
1088:Phase I
1065:Project
1018:2014–20
1013:Plaridel
951:2016–22
916:2018–21
900:2018–21
870:Flyover
853:Ongoing
809:Project
799:Highways
495:Tagaytay
405:Batangas
370:Pampanga
311:Antipolo
206:Batangas
2981:Outline
2922:Traffic
2746:Museums
2741:Cinemas
2724:Culture
2593:Tourism
2561:Binondo
2532:Economy
2389:Namayan
2379:Maynila
2362:History
2288:Beaches
2278:Islands
2190:Pateros
2170:Navotas
2145:Malabon
2053:8 April
2026:8 April
1994:Rappler
1532:Jeepney
1309:Status
1071:Status
1062:Region
815:Status
806:Region
483:Cabuyao
467:Calamba
436:Baliwag
432:Malolos
425:Bulacan
409:Tayabas
401:Tanauan
272:Region;
221:regions
83:scholar
2901:Water
2644:Police
2603:Hotels
2344:Mayors
2205:Taguig
2155:Manila
2140:Makati
2109:Manila
1378:2016–
1361:2025–
930:Skyway
686:Line 7
681:Line 6
673:Line 4
667:Line 2
661:Line 1
485:, and
460:Laguna
456:Cavite
442:, and
413:Quezon
407:, and
390:Lucena
358:Tarlac
339:Tarlac
317:, and
315:Bacoor
210:Lucena
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
2986:Index
2384:Tondo
2293:Slums
2283:Parks
2185:Pasig
2180:Pasay
1932:(PDF)
1889:(PDF)
1878:(PDF)
1771:(PDF)
1760:(PDF)
1501:2029
1483:2028
1449:2026
1433:2026
1411:2015
1401:2025
1331:2024
1315:Ref.
1287:2015
1077:Ref.
957:2022
862:EDSA-
821:Ref.
602:Road.
521:Clark
479:Biñan
366:Lubao
347:Gapan
335:Clark
331:Subic
90:JSTOR
76:books
2885:Rail
2863:Road
2856:MIAA
2846:LRTA
2841:MMDA
2055:2024
2028:2024
2001:2021
1915:2014
1861:2014
1793:2014
1104:NCR
864:Taft
846:EDSA
826:NCR
525:NAIA
493:and
399:and
397:Lipa
388:and
364:and
345:and
319:Imus
219:and
208:and
121:The
62:news
2895:MRT
2890:LRT
2851:PNR
411:in
403:in
368:in
45:by
3013::
2045:.
2018:.
1992:.
1966:.
1948:.
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1801:^
1688:^
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650:A
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
