164:(where between 10 and 20 thousand people of African descent were buried in the eighteenth century) was evidence of "false historical representation" and exposed as a myth the idea that New York and the northern states were not slave-owning areas. Blakey says that, in general, educated Americans had the impression that slavery played little role in the development of the northern American colonies in general, and New York City in particular. Blakey's research helps dispel those myths, and offers a "compelling portrait of the exploitation and violence suffered by enslaved Africans, and equally to the active resistance of people of African descent to this exploitation and violence". Blakey concluded that these slaves faced "brutal working conditions, premature rates of mortality, and excessive workloads, while nutritional deficiencies were common among young children."
175:. Blakey's team examined more than 1.5 million artifacts discovered at the site, which included everything "from pottery and glassware to tools and children's toys". His research determined that approximately half of the African people buried at the site were children. After his research was completed, the skeletal remains were reinterred at the site "in 400 hand-carved mahogany coffins" in a 2003 ceremony described as "joyous and bitter all at once".
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Blakey says that physical anthropology has a "pattern of denial" about racism, which has its origins in the dominant view that social differences are due to the inherent characteristics of individuals, and less on political and economic factors. Blakey maintains that the history of physical
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171:, which was considered a strong indication of African birth. Previously, only nine such skeletons had been discovered in the Americas. It is likely that these individuals had come to New York previous to 1808, when the
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199:, Blakey criticized the contemporary reluctance to discuss racism, maintaining that "it has become illegitimate to talk about racism" and that failing to do so is "the new racism".
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Blakey obtained his B.A. in
Anthropology from Howard University in 1978, and an M.A. (1980) and a Ph.D. (1985) from the
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An
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247:"Michael Blakey: National Endowment for the Humanities Professor"
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Skulls and
Skeletons: Human Bone Collections and Accumulations
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anthropology has been "sterilized", downplaying the role that
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Blakey's research team examined 27 skeletons that had
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Blakey on the New York
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Blakey interviewed on
National Public Radio in 2007
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158:African Burial Ground National Monument
557:Gregory, Steven; Roger Sanjek (1994).
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423:Archaeological Theory: An Introduction
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491:"The African foundations of New York"
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592:Green, Kristen (February 3, 2012).
321:University of Massachusetts Amherst
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70:University of Massachusetts Amherst
489:Beresford, Jane (April 26, 2004).
152:African burial ground in Manhattan
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139:. He served as president of the
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454:Kirkwood, Scott (Summer 2006).
420:Johnson, Matthew (2010-01-26).
323:. March 3, 2008. Archived from
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251:William and Mary: Anthropology
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349:Ferraro, Gary (2007-03-02).
115:. Since 2001, he has been a
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281:. McFarland. p. 117.
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131:Early life and education
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16:American anthropologist
355:. Cengage. p. 5.
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221:"Michael L. Blakey"
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107:who specializes in
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571:. pp. 33–34.
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