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part of the lower back dial which was not available to me. Their reading of the inscriptions on this dial reveals that the function displayed on it was the eclipse cycle of 223 synodic months, distributed around the four-turn spiral scale. (As eclipses of the Sun are rare events, the engraved sequence may, in principle, afford means for dating the
Mechanism.) One revolution of the pointer thus represented (223÷4) synodic months, not one draconitic month as I have suggested. The Group offers a modification of my gear train which achieves this function and also incorporates exactly those mechanical features that I characterised as having probably been made redundant by alteration of the instrument. The satisfactory way in which the Group’s suggestions for these parts fall in with my own observations of the artefact itself, and remove residual difficulties with my reconstruction, lead me to believe that they are correct. I have no hesitation either in adopting the Group’s revisions of the function of the lower back dial and of the internal mechanism or in withdrawing statements concerning these features that conflict with them. The changes, though important, are physically quite slight, and do not affect my arguments for other significant features of my reconstruction. I stand by the conclusions of my paper.
44:
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Note added 29 November 2006: This paper was submitted on 2 September 2006 and accepted for publication on 26 October 2006. Since then the
Antikythera Mechanism Research Project Group has published interesting findings . Their independent survey has included study of the newly discovered fragment F, a
352:
In 2006, Wright completed what he believed to be an almost exact replica of the mechanism. With that came a paper dated 2007 entitled "The
Antikythera mechanism reconsidered", recapitulating most of the points made above. In a footnote to that paper dated 29 November 2006, Wright acknowledges details
323:
with 235 lunar months divisions over a five-turn scale. In addition to this Wright proposed the remarkable idea that the main back dials are in the form of spirals, with the upper back dial out as a five-turn spiral containing 47 divisions in each turn. It therefore presented a visual display of the
314:
display. He suggested that this is a mechanism that shows the phase of the Moon by means of a rotating semi-silvered ball, realized by the differential rotation of the sidereal cycle of the Moon and the Sun's yearly cycle. This precedes previously known mechanisms of this sort by a millennium and a
650:
Wright, M T., "Il meccanismo di
Anticitera: l'antica tradizione dei meccanismi ad ingranaggio" (The Antikythera Mechanism: evidence for an ancient tradition of the making of geared instruments), in: E. Lo Sardo (ed.), Eureka! Il genio degli antichi, Naples, July 2005 – January 2006, Electa Napoli
345:
Despite the improved imagery provided by the linear tomography, Wright could not reconcile all the known gears into a single coherent mechanism, and this led him to advance the theory that the mechanism had been altered, with some astronomical functions removed and others added.
213:. He was a schoolmaster until 1971 when he joined the Science Museum in London, working there until 2004. For most of his career, Wright was the curator of mechanical engineering at the Science Museum. He then became an honorary research associate at the
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235 months of the
Metonic cycle (19 years ≈ 235 Synodic Months). Wright also observed that fragmentary inscriptions suggested that the pointer on the subsidiary dial showed a count of four cycles of the 19-year period, equal to the 76-year
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More accurate tooth counts were also obtained, allowing a new gearing scheme to be advanced. This more accurate information allowed Wright to confirm Price's perceptive suggestion that the upper back dial displays the
661:
Wright, M T. (2004). "Il meccanismo di
Anticitera: l'antica tradizione dei meccanismi ad ingranaggio (The Antikythera Mechanism: evidence for an ancient tradition of the making of geared instruments)".
255:
Further study of the new imagery allowed Wright to advance a number of proposals. Firstly he developed the idea, suggested by Price in "Gears from the Greeks", that the mechanism could have served as a
866:
214:
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Michael Wright's research on the mechanism has continued in parallel with the efforts of the
Antikythera Mechanism Research Project (AMRP). On 6 March 2007, he presented his model in the
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which was suggested by retired consultant radiologist, Alan
Partridge. For this, Wright designed and made an apparatus for linear tomography, allowing the generation of sectional 2D
349:
Finally, as an outcome of his research, Wright also conclusively demonstrated that Price's suggestion of the existence of a differential gearing arrangement was incorrect.
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All these findings have been incorporated into Wright's working model, demonstrating that a single mechanism with all these functions could be built, and would work.
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307:. In order to prove that this was possible using the level of technology apparent in the mechanism, Wright produced a working model of such a planetarium.
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Wright also increased upon Price's gear count of 27 to 31 including 1 in
Fragment C that was eventually identified as part of a
17:
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Freeth, T.; et al. (2006). "Decoding the ancient Greek astronomical calculator known as the
Antikythera Mechanism".
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Based on more tentative observations, Wright also came to the conclusion that the lower back dial counted
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Wright, M T.; Bromley, A. G. (August 2001). "Towards a New Reconstruction of the Antikythera Mechanism".
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Wright, M T.; Bromley, A. G.; Magkou, E (1995). "Simple X-ray Tomography and the Antikythera Mechanism".
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and the five known planets moved according to the simple epicyclic theory suggested by the theorem of
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96:
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Wright, M T. (2005). "Counting Months and Years: the Upper Back Dial of the Antikythera Mechanism".
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540:
Wright, M T. (2005). "The Antikythera Mechanism and the early history of the Moon Phase Display".
403:
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Wright, M T.; Bromley, A. G. (4–7 September 1997). "Current Work on the Antikythera Mechanism".
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Wright proposed that the Sun and Moon could have moved in accordance with the theories of
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Proc. Conf. Η Αρχαία Ελλάδα και ο Σύγχρονος Κόσμος (Ancient Greece and the Modern World)
86:
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Wright, M T. (2005). "Ο Μηχανισμός των Αντικυθήρων (The Antikythera Mechanism)".
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Wright, M T. (2003). "Epicyclic Gearing and the Antikythera Mechanism, part 1".
632:
Wright, M T. (2005). "Epicyclic Gearing and the Antikythera Mechanism, part 2".
559:
Wright, M T. (2004). "The Scholar, the Mechanic and the Antikythera Mechanism".
518:
Wright, M T. (2002). "A Planetarium Display for the Antikythera Mechanism (b)".
499:
Wright, M T. (2002). "A Planetarium Display for the Antikythera Mechanism (a)".
257:
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explained by the Antikythera Mechanism Research Program since his publication:
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Gearing layout proposed by Michael Wright for planetary indication on the
248:. Early results of this survey were presented in 1997, which showed that
776:
613:
Wright, M T. (October 2005). "Understanding the Antikythera Mechanism".
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Wright, M T. (2005). "The Antikythera Mechanism: a New Gearing Scheme".
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and for the reconstruction of this Ancient Greek brass mechanism.
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Proc. Conf. Αρχαία Ελληνική Τεχνολογία (Ancient Greek Technology)
483:
Wright, M T. (July 2002). "In the Steps of the Master Mechanic".
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Proc. Conf. Αρχαία Ελληνική Τεχνολογία (Ancient Greek Technology)
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189:. He is known for his analysis of the original fragments of the
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Proc. Conf. Extraordinary Machines and Structures in Antiquity
261:
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Michael Wright made a study of the original fragments of the
707:
Ancient Greek calculating device continues to reveal secrets
260:. Wright's planetarium not only modelled the motion of the
404:"Mr Michael Wright M.A., M.Sc., Cert. Ed., D.I.C., F.S.A."
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Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine
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Michael T. Wright website (<= this is a broken link)
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at Imperial College London. He is also a fellow at the
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233:, an Ancient Greek brass mechanism, together with
867:People associated with the Science Museum, London
602:. 87 (December 2005) (1 (September 2005)): 8–13.
877:Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of London
729:(Report). Vol. 32. 2007. pp. 21–43.
600:Bulletin of the Scientific Instrument Society
576:Bulletin of the Scientific Instrument Society
561:Bulletin of the Scientific Instrument Society
470:ed. S.A. Paipetis, Peri Technon, Patras 2003.
169:(Born: 16 June, 1948) is a former curator of
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252:'s reconstruction was fundamentally flawed.
25:Michael T. Wright (university administrator)
16:For other people named Michael Wright, see
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31:
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709:Physorg.com, 4 April 2011 by Bob Yirka
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720:The Antikythera mechanism reconsidered
237:. They used a technique called linear
384:Antikythera mechanism: Michael Wright
364:National Hellenic Research Foundation
335:and could perhaps have been used for
7:
872:Academics of Imperial College London
487:. Ancient Olympiai. pp. 86–97.
468:. Ancient Olympiai. pp. 81–94.
852:Alumni of the University of London
847:Alumni of the University of Oxford
14:
727:Interdisciplinary Science Reviews
209:and history of technology at the
821:Museum of the History of Science
219:Society of Antiquaries of London
696:. 27 (March 2003) (3): 270–279.
453:. Thessaloniki. pp. 19–25.
156: (archived August 14, 2018)
18:Michael Wright (disambiguation)
23:For the British academic, see
1:
857:English mechanical engineers
640:(1 (September 2005)): 54–60.
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548:(3 (March 2006)): 319–329.
489:University of Patras 2003.
50:Antikythera mechanism
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735:10.1179/030801807X163670
681:. 95 (June 2005): 54–60.
679:Αρχαιολογία & Τέχνες
666:. 95 (June 2005): 54–60.
664:Αρχαιολογία & Τέχνες
563:. 80 (March 2004): 4–11.
507:(5 (May 2002)): 169–173.
407:Imperial College, London
136:Imperial College, London
201:Michael Wright studied
578:. 85 (June 2005): 2–7.
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171:mechanical engineering
132:Science Museum, London
118:Mechanical engineering
862:Historians of science
526:(6 (June 2002)): 193.
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231:Antikythera mechanism
225:Antikythera mechanism
191:Antikythera mechanism
816:The Eccentric Turner
694:Antiquarian Horology
651:2005, pp. 241 – 244.
634:Antiquarian Horology
542:Antiquarian Horology
235:Allan George Bromley
211:University of London
207:University of Oxford
101:University of London
97:University of Oxford
777:10.1038/nature05357
769:2006Natur.444..587F
520:Horological Journal
501:Horological Journal
246:radiographicimages
150:www.mtwright.co.uk
122:history of science
763:(7119): 587–591.
163:Michael T. Wright
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61:16 June 1948
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837:1948 births
412:12 February
280:), and the
258:planetarium
83:Nationality
831:Categories
617:. Athensi.
438:: 531–543.
390:References
312:Moon phase
305:Apollonius
301:Hipparchus
242:tomography
65:1948-06-16
823:in Oxford
785:17136087
378:See also
197:Overview
793:4424998
765:Bibcode
337:eclipse
290:Jupiter
274:Mercury
205:at the
203:physics
187:England
173:at the
152:at the
146:Website
87:British
76:England
63: (
791:
783:
757:Nature
740:18 May
372:Greece
368:Athens
315:half.
294:Saturn
183:London
114:Fields
72:London
789:S2CID
723:(PDF)
278:Venus
250:Price
239:X-ray
781:PMID
742:2014
432:PACT
414:2013
292:and
286:Mars
276:and
266:Moon
264:and
58:Born
773:doi
761:444
731:doi
524:144
505:144
366:in
296:).
262:Sun
181:in
167:FSA
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