35:
202:. Cochise said he didn't have the child but thought he knew who did and if given ten days could bring him in. Bascom had the Apaches surrounded, informing Cochise they would be held as hostages until the child was returned. Cochise escaped and captured his own hostages to offer in exchange, but Bascom refused. A series of violent retaliatory actions followed from each side before the Chiricahua Apaches eventually declared war.
163:
Felix was abducted at age 12 on
January 27, 1861, by a Pinal Apache raiding party. He was later traded to the Coyotero Apache, who are also known as White Mountain Apaches. The kidnapping had lasting implications for relations between the Apache and the United States. John Ward was away from his home
154:
settlement in the
Arizona Territory indicates that Felix Ward was 12 years old, his sister Teodora was 10, and his sister Mary Ward was 5 months. Maria Jesus Martinez was listed as 30 years old and John Ward as 54 years old. A half-brother, Santiago Ward, later claimed his birth as July 25, 1860, but
141:
woman. His father was
Santiago Telles. As sixteen-year-olds, the two met and fell in love but Telles did not marry Maria Jesus, perhaps because of resistance from Santiago's parents. His given name at birth was Felix. In 1858, Maria Jesus and her two children, Felix and his half-sister, Teodora
178:
Bascom, commander of
Company C, 7th Infantry, knew from experience that only Chiricahua would go east. What he did not realize was that the opening of Fort Breckinridge on Aravaipa Creek and the San Pedro River in the Pinal homeland was forcing all raiders to go east. The events which followed
236:
Because the soldiers could not pronounce the Scouts' names, they gave them nicknames. Due to his red hair and other features, the soldiers claimed the scout named Feliz, bore a resemblance to a character in
175:, acting on orders set out on January 28 to find the trail. In the morning he could not locate it. In the afternoon, he located a trail leading east toward Chiricahua country and Apache Pass.
287:
with the remainder of the White
Mountain Apache Scouts and lived out the rest of his life as a farmer until his death in 1914. He married four times and had two sons and two daughters.
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on
Sonoita Creek on business. Returning home, he learned from neighbors that his cattle and step-son had been taken by Apaches.
167:
He went immediately to
Lieutenant Colonel Pitcairn Morrison at Fort Buchanan and believing that his stepson had been taken by
284:
595:
The Apache Wars: The Hunt for
Geronimo, the Apache Kid, and the Captive Boy Who Started the Longest War in American History
937:
905:
Lords of
Apacheria: Mickey Free, the Hunt for Geronimo and the Apache Kid, and the Longest War in American History
34:
125:
as a child, he was raised as one and became a warrior. Later he joined the US Army's Apache scouts, serving at
225:
on 2 December 1872 as a scout and within two years he was promoted to the rank of sergeant. He was posted to
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261:
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this contradicts the census record. John Ward and María Jesús had five children before his death in 1867.
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and other
Apaches on a visit to Washington, D.C., in 1886. He left the scouts in 1893.
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On 4 February 1861, on orders to retrieve the child at all costs, Bascom went to
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between December 1874 and May 1878 and was given the nickname Mickey Free.
786:
The Wrath of Cochise: The Bascom Affair and the Origins of the Apache Wars
756:
253:
195:
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and started a ranch. The August 26, 1860 United States Census for the
122:
764:
Kessel, William B. (2001). William B. Kessel, Robert Wooster (ed.).
681:
The Diaries of John Gregory Bourke: November 20, 1872-July 28, 1876
621:
Indian Wars of Canada, Mexico and the United States, 1812-1900
476:. Tucson: Arizona Pioneers' Historical Society. p. 165.
209:, and became foster brother to Tlol-dil-zil, later known as
806:
Mickey Free, Apache Captive, Interpreter, and Indian Scout
474:
The Latest from Arizona! The Hesperian Letters, 1859-1861
679:
Bourke, John Gregory (2003). Charles M. Robinson (ed.).
563:
561:
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555:
355:
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171:, insisted on military intervention. Second Lieutenant
275:, who at one point had a $ 15,000 reward on his head.
328:
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88:
80:
68:
41:
25:
837:
814:
271:In his time as a bounty hunter, Free tracked the
766:Encyclopedia of Native American Wars and Warfare
721:(1st ed.). Caldwell Idaho Caxton Printers.
421:"Image: Titus-1860-census.jpg, (1573 × 2400 px)"
260:. He accompanied Crook on his expedition to the
738:Handbook of the American Frontier: The far west
205:Telles was adopted and raised by Nayundiie, a
309:. University of Nebraska Press. p. 187.
8:
467:
465:
142:Rangel, met and moved in with John Ward, an
510:
137:Telles' mother was Maria Jesus Martinez, a
423:. latinamericanstudies.org. Archived from
283:After leaving the Army, Free moved to the
33:
22:
813:Rope, John (1971). Keith H. Basso (ed.).
808:. Tucson: The Arizona Historical Society.
395:
371:
229:to serve as an interpreter, where he met
643:
534:
359:
295:
567:
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344:
332:
7:
880:The Apaches: Eagles of the Southwest
861:Encyclopedia Frontier Biography: A-F
592:Hutton, Paul Andrew (5 March 2016).
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522:
498:
101:(b. 1847/1848; d. 1914, Apache name
757:"Mickey Free – Apache Indian Scout"
243:Charles O'Malley: The Irish Dragoon
817:Western Apache Raiding and Warfare
700:Victorio: Apache Warrior and Chief
472:Altshuler, Constance Wynn (1969).
445:C. M. Palmer Jr. (3 August 2014).
14:
907:Crown Publishing Group (NY) 2014
698:Chamberlain, Kathleen P. (2007).
383:
933:United States Army Indian Scouts
882:. University of Oklahoma Press.
844:. University of Oklahoma Press.
840:Cochise: Chiricahua Apache Chief
598:. Crown/Archetype. p. 164.
821:. University of Arizona Press.
285:Fort Apache Indian Reservation
121:. Following his kidnapping by
1:
878:Worcester, Donald E. (1979).
683:. University of North Texas.
447:"What became of Mickey Free?"
717:Griffith, A. Kinney (1969).
248:Free served as a scout for
969:
863:. University of Nebraska.
836:Sweeney, Edwin R. (1991).
702:. University of Oklahoma.
619:Vandervort, Bruce (2005).
410:, pg. 25, 28-29, July 2003
306:Captive Arizona, 1851-1900
221:He joined the U.S. Army's
15:
804:Radbourne, Allan (2005).
736:Heard, Joseph N. (1997).
32:
303:Smith, Victoria (2009).
264:in 1883 and accompanied
146:who had migrated to the
84:Felix Telles, Felix Ward
16:Not to be confused with
859:Thrapp, Dan L. (1991).
719:Mickey Free, manhunter
173:George Nicholas Bascom
159:Capture by the Apaches
660:Ayers, Steve (2010).
245:named "Mickey Free".
217:Scout for the US Army
207:White Mountain Apache
75:Navaho County Arizona
783:Mort, Terry (2013).
525:, p. Chapter 1.
408:Arizona Highway, PDF
279:Later life and death
179:became known as the
92:US Army Indian scout
347:, pp. 110–111.
111:Apache Indian scout
252:in the pursuit of
183:and triggered the
169:Chiricahua Apaches
938:American frontier
768:. Facts on File.
605:978-0-7704-3581-3
316:978-0-8032-1090-5
148:Arizona Territory
119:American frontier
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81:Other names
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241:'s 1840 novel,
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185:Chiricahua Wars
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948:Bounty hunters
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913:978-0770435813
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889:978-0806114958
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870:978-0803294189
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851:978-0806126067
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828:978-0816502974
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796:978-1605984223
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775:978-0816033379
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755:Hayes, Celia.
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747:978-0810832831
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728:978-0870041303
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709:978-0806138435
708:
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690:978-1574411614
689:
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671:978-0738579122
670:
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649:
648:
646:, p. 183.
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630:978-0415224727
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582:, p. 135.
572:
570:, p. 518.
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537:, p. 154.
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503:
501:, p. 164.
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396:Radbourne 2005
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372:Worcester 1979
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362:, p. 427.
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623:. Routledge.
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262:Sierra Madres
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239:Charles Lever
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223:Apache Scouts
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181:Bascom Affair
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152:Sonoita Creek
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535:Sweeney 1991
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453:. Retrieved
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429:. Retrieved
425:the original
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367:
360:Sweeney 1991
340:
305:
298:
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270:
250:George Crook
247:
242:
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204:
194:to seek out
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177:
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162:
136:
107:Felix Telles
106:
102:
98:
97:
953:1848 births
943:Apache Wars
928:1914 deaths
789:. Pegasus.
664:. Arcadia.
568:Thrapp 1991
547:Bourke 2003
487:Kessel 2001
192:Apache Pass
99:Mickey Free
27:Mickey Free
922:Categories
662:Camp Verde
455:2015-09-01
431:2015-09-01
345:Heard 1997
333:Ayers 2010
291:References
273:Apache Kid
227:Camp Verde
133:Early life
127:Fort Verde
89:Occupation
18:Micki Free
580:Rope 1971
523:Mort 2013
499:Mort 2013
231:Al Sieber
211:John Rope
109:, was an
254:Geronimo
144:Irishman
196:Cochise
139:Mexican
123:Apaches
117:on the
55: (
53:or 1851
47: (
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266:Chatto
63:Mexico
450:(PDF)
384:Hayes
909:ISBN
884:ISBN
865:ISBN
846:ISBN
823:ISBN
791:ISBN
770:ISBN
742:ISBN
723:ISBN
704:ISBN
685:ISBN
666:ISBN
625:ISBN
600:ISBN
311:ISBN
258:Nana
256:and
113:and
72:1914
69:Died
57:1851
49:1848
45:1848
42:Born
924::
554:^
464:^
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
