339:
Gibraltar in April 2005. Accordingly, Ministry of
Defence personnel left Middle Hill and most of their equipment was removed. As the MOD no longer owned the site, their management of it, including maintenance, concluded. Despite the transfer of the property to the government, it was a year and a half before the Government of Gibraltar assumed responsibility for Middle Hill. During that time, there was extensive vandalism. In addition, public safety became an issue, as a number of areas on the site were dangerous. The Gibraltar Ornithological and Natural History Society, which now manages the area, put forth an Upper Rock Management Plan, in which the organisation included recommendations for Middle Hill. The proposal for Middle Hill included the recommendation that it be named a
335:. About 1970, the Princess Caroline's Battery Group moved to Middle Hill. However, illegal provisioning resulted in splitting of the Apes' Den population, such that by 2004, there were six groups in the Upper Rock Nature Reserve. In Gibraltar, Middle Hill Group has at least two different meanings. In one case, it refers to the apes who are provisioned at a group of derelict buildings just southeast of Middle Hill Battery. In the other instance, it is a reference to a group of buildings which perches on the cliff, just east of the battery. Numerous military buildings are now scattered across Middle Hill.
26:
107:
100:
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For decades, Middle Hill was a
Ministry of Defence site, where members of the public were excluded and unauthorised entry was considered a criminal offence. In an agreement signed on 20 April 2004, much of the land at Middle Hill was transferred from the Ministry of Defence to the Government of
260:
and killed a guard at Middle Hill. The
Spaniards then assisted several hundred more Spanish soldiers up the Rock with ropes and ladders. However, they were discovered and many were killed or sent over a precipice, the Wolf's Leap, with the rest taken prisoner. By 1727,
272:. However, the battery was completed prior to the road. Later that month, 24-pounder guns were brought to Middle Hill, in preparation for the construction of a new battery below Rock Gun Battery. On the 31 October 1779, the new battery was completed and was named the
233:. The roads on Middle Hill include Rock Gun Road, Signal Station Road, Middle Hill Road (also known as Middle Hill Nature Trail), and Green's Lodge Road (alternately referred to as Green's Lodge Nature Trail).
208:
were moved to Middle Hill, where they were provisioned at a group of derelict buildings that were part of the battery complex. In 2005, much of Middle Hill was transferred from the
Ministry of Defence to the
843:
214:
196:
at Middle Hill had been constructed by 1727 and was active for more than two centuries. In the mid twentieth century, Middle Hill transitioned to use as an aerial farm for the
268:
In
October 1779, construction of a road for carriages was begun at Middle Hill. Its purpose initially was to permit the transport of a gun to the planned
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had been constructed and a gun had been mounted; the emplacement continued to be used and upgraded for more than two centuries.
889:
717:"Qualitative Assessment of Macaque Tourist Sites in Padangtegal, Bali, Indonesia, and the Upper Rock Nature Reserve, Gibraltar"
367:
304:
In the 1950s, Middle Hill served as an aerial farm for the
Ministry of Defence. In 1958, the radio farm was refurbished by the
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25:
582:. DiscoverGibraltar.com (Click Gun Batteries, Green's Lodge Battery, then F, G - Middle Hill Battery). Archived from
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491:. DiscoverGibraltar.com (Click Gun Batteries, Green's Lodge Battery, E - Middle Hill Nature Trail). Archived from
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312:, and multiple buildings were constructed. On 15 December 1969, Corporal Dennis Bowes, an aerial erector at
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331:, and the other at Princess Caroline's Battery. By 1946, both populations were fed by the
461:. DiscoverGibraltar.com (Click Gun Batteries, then Green's Lodge Battery). Archived from
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Middle Hill is in
Gibraltar, the British Overseas Territory at the southern end of the
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was attempted later that year. Approximately 500 Spanish soldiers, led by a
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316:, died in a rock fall while working at the aerial farm on Middle Hill.
256:, where they stayed the first night. The next night, they climbed the
292:. A - Battery, B - Nursery Hut (Barrack), C - Middle Hill Group, D -
189:
283:
185:
300:), F - Steps to highest point, G - Highest point. North to left.
165:
639:. Discover Pocket Guide(s) Gibraltar Ltd. 2009. pp. 30–31
390:"Neandertals' Last Stand was in Gibraltar, Study Suggests"
200:. The radio farm was refurbished in 1958. About 1970, the
360:"List of Crown Dependencies & Overseas Territories"
343:
with access to the public only on a prearranged basis.
180:. It figured prominently in the early history of the
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715:Fuentes, Agustin; Shaw, Eric; Cortes, John (2007).
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229:. The hill is located at the northern end of the
455:"Green's Lodge Battery - Nature Trail (A, B, C)"
319:For a century, there were two primary groups of
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296:, E - Derelict buildings (Feeding station for
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176:. It is located at the northern end of the
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568:
15:
807:"Details of the Lands Transfer Agreement"
846:. Autumn 2006. p. 7. Archived from
664:A history of the late siege of Gibraltar
611:A history of the late siege of Gibraltar
520:A history of the late siege of Gibraltar
351:
633:"Gates, Walls, & Fortifications".
7:
725:International Journal of Primatology
696:. Ex-RAF Aerial Erectors Association
690:"Ex-RAF Aerial Erectors Association"
30:Green's Lodge Nature Trail (A-B-C),
544:The Gentleman's magazine, Volume 32
252:from the south side and made it to
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34:(D), Middle Hill Nature Trail (E),
636:Discover Pocket Guide to Gibraltar
14:
288:Section of Middle Hill, near the
485:"Middle Hill - Nature Trail (E)"
105:
98:
24:
560:Middle Hill Battery, Gibraltar.
388:Roach, John (10 October 2006).
368:Foreign and Commonwealth Office
1:
895:Military history of Gibraltar
321:Barbary macaques in Gibraltar
667:(2 ed.). pp. 71–72
614:(2 ed.). pp. 68–69
523:(2 ed.). pp. 10–12
213:, and is now managed by the
38:(F-G). North is to the left.
398:National Geographic Society
202:Princess Caroline's Battery
119:Location of Middle Hill in
911:
170:British Overseas Territory
875:Google map of Middle Hill
813:. Government of Gibraltar
767:"Restricted Areas Notice"
738:10.1007/s10764-007-9184-y
547:. E. Cave. 1762. p.
323:. One was established at
231:Upper Rock Nature Reserve
178:Upper Rock Nature Reserve
136:Upper Rock Nature Reserve
92:
23:
659:Drinkwater Bethune, John
606:Drinkwater Bethune, John
515:Drinkwater Bethune, John
394:National Geographic News
833:"Gibraltar Nature News"
778:Government of Gibraltar
211:Government of Gibraltar
182:1704 siege of Gibraltar
890:Landforms of Gibraltar
327:, previously known as
301:
580:discovergibraltar.com
576:"Middle Hill Battery"
489:discovergibraltar.com
459:discovergibraltar.com
287:
32:Green's Lodge Battery
774:gibraltarlaws.gov.gi
424:"Map of Middle Hill"
404:on November 14, 2006
238:capture of Gibraltar
586:on 5 September 2013
495:on 5 September 2013
465:on 5 September 2013
290:Middle Hill Battery
263:Middle Hill Battery
198:Ministry of Defence
68: /
36:Middle Hill Battery
341:biological reserve
302:
254:St. Michael's Cave
72:36.1420°N 5.3449°W
44:Highest point
306:Radio Engineering
250:Rock of Gibraltar
227:Iberian Peninsula
194:artillery battery
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154:Rock of Gibraltar
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780:. Archived from
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732:(5): 1143–1158.
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294:Observation post
270:Rock Gun Battery
240:in August 1704,
206:Barbary macaques
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77:36.1420; -5.3449
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236:Following the
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274:Royal Battery
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855:. Retrieved
848:the original
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827:
815:. Retrieved
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789:. Retrieved
782:the original
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749:. Retrieved
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698:. Retrieved
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669:. Retrieved
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641:. Retrieved
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616:. Retrieved
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588:. Retrieved
584:the original
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497:. Retrieved
493:the original
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467:. Retrieved
463:the original
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432:. Retrieved
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406:. Retrieved
402:the original
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371:. Retrieved
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329:Queen's Gate
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235:
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161:
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148:Parent range
246:goat herder
162:Middle Hill
113:Middle Hill
75: /
50:Coordinates
19:Middle Hill
884:Categories
857:7 November
817:8 November
791:7 November
751:7 November
700:7 November
671:7 November
643:8 November
618:8 November
590:7 November
554:7 November
527:7 November
499:8 November
469:7 November
434:8 November
408:7 November
373:7 November
364:fco.gov.uk
347:References
310:RAF Henlow
60:36°08′31″N
840:gonhs.org
325:Apes' Den
204:Group of
174:Gibraltar
140:Gibraltar
121:Gibraltar
88:Geography
63:5°20′42″W
746:35921272
661:(1786).
608:(1786).
517:(1786).
333:Garrison
308:Unit of
132:Location
186:Spanish
184:by the
168:in the
744:
192:. The
190:French
851:(PDF)
836:(PDF)
785:(PDF)
770:(PDF)
742:S2CID
720:(PDF)
164:is a
859:2012
819:2012
793:2012
753:2012
702:2012
673:2012
645:2012
620:2012
592:2012
556:2012
529:2012
501:2012
471:2012
436:2012
410:2012
375:2012
298:apes
188:and
166:hill
734:doi
549:104
172:of
886::
842:.
838:.
809:.
776:.
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740:.
730:28
728:.
722:.
692:.
681:^
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567:^
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444:^
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362:.
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217:.
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377:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
