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Frankfurt and transforming it down again to supply a 100 HP asynchronous motor and several small three-phase motors as well as about 1000 incandescent lamps. The power output of the motors, which had previously been in test operation, was still only 2 to 3 hp. Nevertheless, the plant was put into operation on the evening of 24 August 1891, and a test committee determined that 75% of the energy generated in
Lauffen arrived in Frankfurt. This proved that, on the one hand, alternating current was profitable for a large-scale public electricity supply and, on the other hand, that the three-phase components were now of the same quality as those of direct current technology. The image-boosting effect of the demonstration at the World Expo finally led to the breakthrough of three-phase AC technology. At Siemens and Edison, however, AC technology only slowly gained acceptance, which enabled AEG to become a global company. Dolivo-Dobrovolsky later switched to
230:
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invented the first AC motor in 1885. After him, the German engineer
Friedrich August Haselwander develops the first AC 3 phase synchronous generator in Europe which produced about 2.8 kW at 960 rev/min, corresponding to a frequency of 32 cycles per second, today known as Hertz, or Hz. The machine had a stationary, ring-shaped, three-phase armature and a rotating ‘internal-pole magnet’ with four wound salient poles, which provided the revolving field. The patent application filed in July 1887. The first AC 3 phase synchronous generator went into operation in October 1887.
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At the beginning of 1889, the first AEG three-phase motors were in operation, and in the following year they already produced 2 to 3 horsepower. Dolivo-Dobrovolsky paid attention to well distributed windings, a low dispersion of the lines of force and as uniform a force field as possible and achieved
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realized the project: A 300 HP three-phase AC generator of the MFO was to be driven by the water turbine of the cement plant in
Lauffen am Neckar, generating a voltage of about 50 V and 40 Hz, transforming it up to 15 kV (later 25 kV) and then transmitting it via 175 km of overhead line to
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had designed the first transformer in today's sense in 1885. However, AC technology required further equipment, especially reliable and self-starting motors; AC theory was also still underdeveloped. Before Dolivo-Dobrovolsky, the
Italian Galileo Ferraris drew attention to alternating current. He
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After the inventions, Dolivo-Dobrovolsky continued his research in the field of heavy current technology, inventing the phase meter in 1892 and the ferrodynamic wattmeter in 1909. He published papers and gave numerous lectures. From 1903 to 1907 he devoted himself to scientific work in
Lausanne,
341:, a variation of the asynchronous motor in which the short circuit of the rotor is opened and guided to the outside via sliprings. By connecting various external resistors, Dolivo-Dobrovolsky was able to introduce an asynchronous motor with high starting torque in 1891.
304:) in Berlin offered him a position, whereupon Dolivo-Dobrovolsky remained associated with the company until the end of his life. At the AEG, Dolivo-Dobrovolsky initially made an effort to further perfect direct current technology. After all, AEG's origins lay in an
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in 1881, a wave of anti-Polish repression broke out, with which all progressively oriented students were expelled from their university, which was equivalent to a study ban in all of Russia. Among them was Dolivo-Dobrovolsky. After his forced
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and became
Technical Director of the apparatus factory in 1909. On 24 October 1911, he received an honorary doctorate from the TH Darmstadt, whose Dolivo building bears his name today. During his life he obtained over 60
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invented by him was the first functional solution. However, the asynchronous motor with squirrel-cage rotor had the problem of delivering only low torque at low speeds, such as when starting up. The solution was the
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Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky was born as the son of the
Russian civil servant and landowner of Polish descent Josif Florovich Dolivo-Dobrovolsky and Olga Mikhailovna Jewreinova from an old Russian noble family in
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Regardless of these events, a forward-looking solution was found at AEG in 1888. Dolivo-Dobrovolsky worked with chained three-phase alternating current and introduced the term
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284:- can still be visited today. In the city centre of Darmstadt in 1969 a street was named after Dr.-Ing. E. h. Michael Dolivo-Dobrovolsky, the Dolivostraße.
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280:. He was buried at the forest cemetery of Darmstadt, where his grave (grave site: R 6a 7) - located very close to the memorial of his teacher
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361:(MFO), all components for a three-phase network were available, but until now they had only been in trial operation. At this time,
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where he acquired Swiss citizenship with his entire family in 1906. After his return to Berlin, he continued his work at
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of 1891, where Dolivo-Dobrovolsky used this system to transmit electric power at the distance of 176 km with 75%
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made the extremely daring proposal to present the three-phase current transmission system
Lauffen-Frankfurt at the
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Michael von Dolivo-Dobrovolsky und der
Drehstrom : Anfänge der modernen Antriebstechnik und Stromversorgung
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256:'s first assistants. There he published several smaller publications and was in close contact with
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https://web.archive.org/web/20110926231334/http://library.istu.edu/hoe/personalia/dolivo.pdf
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In 1919, Dolivo-Dobrovolski died of a severe heart condition at the academic hospital in
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Street directory of the city of
Darmstadt with explanations on the naming of the streets
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Woodbank Communications Ltd.'s Electropaedia: "History of Batteries (and other things)"
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of Polish-Russian origins, active in the German Empire and also in Switzerland.
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https://web.archive.org/web/20050908025431/http://erudite.nm.ru/DolivoDobr.htm
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at the MFO, where Dolivo-Dobrovolsky and his chief electrician partner
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156:. The triumph of the three-phase system was displayed in Europe at the
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gradually attracted the attention of technicians, and engineers from
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Information board at the main entrance of the Waldfriedhof Darmstadt
260:, a mechanical engineer from the USA and Kittler's first assistant.
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21 December 1861] 1862 – 15 November [
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a satisfactory result. In 1891, he also developed the first
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in Riga in 1881, he left his homeland in 1883 and went to
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After studying in Germany and while working in Berlin for
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subsidiary, and Edison, like Siemens, relied entirely on
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VDE-Buchreihe, Volume 9, VDE VERLAG, Berlin Offenbach,
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from 1883 to 1884. From 1885 to 1887, he became one of
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Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the German Empire
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Dual-rotor permanent magnet induction motor (DRPMIM)
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915:
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415:Michael von Dolivo-Dobrowolsky und der Drehstrom.
56:
37:
18:
128:), he became one of the founders (the others were
521:"Synchronous generator: Past, present and future"
519:Hooshyar, H.; Savaghebi, M.; Vahedi, A. (2007).
353:First remote transmission of electrical energy
604:
8:
176:. He designed the world's first three-phase
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158:International Electro-Technical Exhibition
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15:
367:International Electrotechnical Exhibition
357:At AEG and the Swiss cooperation partner
298:Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft AG
164:. In 1891 he also created a three-phase
79:Михаи́л О́сипович Доли́во-Доброво́льский
1285:Technische Universität Darmstadt alumni
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91:Michail Ossipowitsch Doliwo-Dobrowolski
490:(2. Aufl ed.). Berlin: VDE-Verl.
122:Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft
7:
481:
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71:Mikhail Osipovich Dolivo-Dobrovolsky
438:Darmstadt, Technische Universität.
288:Invention of the three-phase system
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1290:Engineers from the Russian Empire
237:He studied at the first chair of
101:3 November] 1919) was a
444:Technische Universität Darmstadt
1270:People from Tsarskoselsky Uyezd
243:Technische Hochschule Darmstadt
996:Timeline of the electric motor
197:. He spent his school days in
87:Michail von Dolivo-Dobrowolsky
1:
781:Dahlander pole changing motor
564:AC Power History and Timeline
417:Geschichte der Elektrotechnik
144:, developing the three-phase
486:Neidhöfer, Gerhard. (2008).
142:polyphase electrical systems
825:Brushless DC electric motor
533:10.1109/AFRCON.2007.4401482
32:Dolivo-Dobrovolsky ca. 1908
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292:In 1887, Director General
154:star and delta connections
42:Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky
20:Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky
842:Switched reluctance (SRM)
820:Brushed DC electric motor
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178:hydroelectric power plant
78:
25:
1030:Experimental, futuristic
947:Variable-frequency drive
359:Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon
1047:Superconducting machine
685:Coil winding technology
205:, a college founded by
239:electrical engineering
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93:; 2 January [
86:
1088:Power-to-weight ratio
952:Direct torque control
347:Delta-wye transformer
232:
168:and short-circuited (
1275:Electrical engineers
1265:People from Gatchina
1083:Open-loop controller
976:Ward Leonard control
700:DC injection braking
382:, as 40 Hz had
369:planned for 1891 in
250:Grand Duchy of Hesse
152:(1888) and studying
146:electrical generator
986:History, education,
632:Alternating current
413:Gerhard Neidhöfer:
375:Charles E. L. Brown
330:three-phase current
314:alternating current
233:Dobrovolsky, age 22
1295:Russian scientists
1149:Dolivo-Dobrovolsky
1108:Voltage controller
1063:Blocked-rotor test
1001:Ball bearing motor
971:Motor soft starter
925:AC-to-AC converter
786:Wound-rotor (WRIM)
748:Electric generator
386:to the human eye.
349:for this purpose.
334:asynchronous motor
282:de:Erasmus Kittler
254:de:Erasmus Kittler
241:worldwide, at the
235:
148:and a three-phase
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1078:Open-circuit test
917:Motor controllers
798:Synchronous motor
620:Electric machines
542:978-1-4244-0986-0
425:978-3-8007-3115-2
332:. The associated
215:Tsar Alexander II
68:
67:
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1093:Two-phase system
1073:Electromagnetism
1021:Mouse mill motor
988:recreational use
862:Permanent magnet
791:Linear induction
644:Permanent magnet
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527:. pp. 1–7.
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363:Oskar von Miller
312:. At that time,
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195:Saint Petersburg
150:electrical motor
134:Galileo Ferraris
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60:15 November 1919
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103:Russian Empire
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447:. Retrieved
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130:Nikola Tesla
121:
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69:
62:(1919-11-15)
1260:1919 deaths
1255:1862 births
1011:Lynch motor
776:Shaded-pole
662:accessories
258:Carl Hering
166:transformer
111:electrician
1249:Categories
907:Axial flux
897:Ultrasonic
872:Servomotor
852:Doubly fed
847:Reluctance
743:Alternator
735:Generators
705:Field coil
690:Commutator
650:commutated
648:SC - Self-
449:2019-11-01
390:References
380:50 Hz
318:Ganz Works
278:Heidelberg
162:efficiency
48:1862-01-02
1224:Steinmetz
1139:Davenport
937:Amplidyne
837:Universal
815:Homopolar
803:Repulsion
715:Slip ring
506:281196381
371:Frankfurt
180:in 1891.
1229:Sturgeon
1159:Ferraris
1144:Davidson
966:Metadyne
882:Traction
830:Unipolar
810:DC motor
766:AC motor
670:Armature
551:28833835
322:Budapest
191:Gatchina
115:inventor
107:engineer
1219:Sprague
1214:Siemens
1189:Maxwell
1154:Faraday
1103:Starter
1042:Railgun
1037:Coilgun
877:Stepper
725:Winding
573:Sources
384:flicker
296:of the
271:patents
245:in the
224:Germany
75:Russian
1209:Saxton
1194:Ørsted
1179:Jedlik
1174:Jacobi
1164:Gramme
1129:Barlow
1117:People
942:Drives
857:Linear
758:Motors
720:Stator
549:
539:
504:
494:
423:
306:Edison
113:, and
105:-born
83:German
1234:Tesla
1204:Pixii
1169:Henry
1134:Botto
1124:Arago
710:Rotor
680:Brush
642:PM -
636:DC -
630:AC -
547:S2CID
199:Odesa
193:near
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