673:, Sardar Parath Bhandari, Captain Harsa Panta, Captain Naharsingh Basnyat and Captain Shiva Narayan Khatri were the subordinate commanders under him. About 5,800 soldiers and 3,000 porters were allotted for the offensive operation. Later on, Kaji Abhimansingh Basnyat and Ranajit Kunwar also joined this offensive. The Dalai Lama was taken by surprise and to protect his sovereignty, he initiated a parallel approach whereby he asked military help from Sovan Shahi, the King of Jumla in West Nepal, and requested him to launch guerrilla activities and revolt against the Nepali Army in and around Jumla. Sovan Shahi did revolt at Humla and captured some fortresses. The Dalai Lama also asked for military help from the Chinese Emperor. Additionally, he himself and Panchen Lama of Dirgacha wrote a secret letter to the East India Company seeking military assistance. The Tibetans also initiated propaganda about having constructed a new road through the Tigri valley and establishing a post at the front. They also rumoured that they had assembled an Army of 1,25,000 men. But the Tibetans could get nothing from Jumla, China or the East India Company.
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Tibetan demands. That case remained unsolved due to his untimely demise. Queen Mother
Rajendra Laxmi, the Regent of minor King Rana Bahadur Shah, inherited the coinage problem which reached the culminating point in 1888 AD. Another sore point in Nepal-Tibet relations was Nepal's decision to provide refuge to Syamarpa Lama with his 14 Tibetan followers. He had fled from Tibet to Nepal on religious and political grounds. Yet another cause for conflict was the low quality salt being provided by Tibetans to Nepal. All salt came from Tibet in those days. Tibet ignored the Nepali ultimatums and that promoted the preparations for war. Nepal was soon preparing to launch multi-directional attacks.
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August 1788, in spite of many difficult logistic limitations. Later, Bahadur Shah was able to provide some reinforcements and improve some logistics arrangements. Still that was not enough and progress was slow. When the Nepali were about to capture
Dirgacha via both Kuti and Kerung, the Tibetans started to make compromises with Nepali commanders. Bahadur Shah started negotiations, ultimately arriving at a solution. Prisoners were handed back to the Tibetans. Tibet was ready to pay tributes to the tune of Rs. 50,000 in silver coins per annum to Nepal and a treaty was signed on 2 June 1789 in Kerung. The treaty is called the ‘Treaty of Kerung’ by historians
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immense diplomatic pressure from China and the international community, moved nine infantry units towards the Khampa post in
Mustang and gave them an ultimatum to either disarm themselves and surrender, or face consequences. The terms and conditions of their surrender was that they would be given Nepali citizenship, land, and some money. The Khampa commander Wang Di agreed to surrender but eventually fled the camp. He was later killed in Doti, far-western Nepal by RNA forces while trying to loot a Nepal Police post. This was first time that the RNA was mobilized in such a large number domestically.
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forces marched in
December 1762 and arrived at Harnamadi in January 1763, they found all the local houses already evacuated and the area short of food provisions. Makawanpur Gadhi was on top of a mountain, about nine kilometers uphill from the Harnamadi area. Although the Nepali had physically occupied all the fortresses en route, the enemy was able to initially push them back to the Makawanpur Gadhi area.
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Srinath, Kalibox, Barda
Bahadur (Bardabahini) and Sabuj. (Purano) Gorakh Company was established a few months later. It was the first rank and file system beginning a proper organizational history for the Royal Nepali Army. The battle against Mir Qasim troops was the first battle of the Royal Nepali Army against a foreign power.
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The North
Western Division Headquarters, with the motto, "Sadaiba Samarpit Desh Prati” was established on 29th November 2001 (14th Mangsir, 2058) with the name of Western Division at Nepalgunj, Banke. The Western Division was renamed as Mid Western Division and was shifted to Tribhuvan Sainik Shivir,
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were the subordinate commanders under him. Approximately 6,000 troops and 3,200 porters were despatched for this operation. Their main objective was to capture
Dirgacha through Kerung. The march of the troops was delayed because Balbhadra Shah became seriously ill. They crossed Kerung on 20 July 1788
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Sardar Nandu Shah was the fortress
Commander of Makawanpur with 400 troops, some guns and home-made traditional weapons like Dhanu, Khukuri, Talwar, Ghuyatro etc. They devised different hit-and-run strategies to surprise the enemy. A spoiling attack base was set up on the Taplakhar mountain ridge for
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Before the
Interim Constitution replaced Constitution of Kingdom of Nepal in 1990, the 1990 constitution had a provision for the defense council. This Council used to have three members: the Prime Minister, the Defence Minister and the Chief of the Army Staff. In accordance with the Constitution, the
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The Nepali Army started enrolling women from 1961 for technical service and since 2004 for general service. As of 2019 there were 3758 female Junior
Commission, Non-Commission Officers and other ranks in general service and 907 in technical service. There were also 183 female officers in the general
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led a downhill attack on them Kaju Naharsigh Basnyat led an uphill attack from below them and Nandu Shah led a frontal attack. The smooth coordination among the three, leading their, by now battle-hardened, troops in the dark of the night, led the bewildered enemy to scatter. About 1700 of them died
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The fortress of Makawanpur has a historical and military significance for the Nepali. It was here that the Nepali defeated superior forces of Mir Qasim in 1763 and seized 500 guns and two cannons. Later on, these weapons were used by Nepali troops and four companies were established regular, namely,
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was leading his troops with subordinate commanders Bom Shah, Dev Dutta Thapa and others. He was given about 4,000 troops and his objective was to capture Dirgacha via the Kuti axis. The Battles Nepali troops, having crossed the Himalayas captured Chhochyang and Kuti in June 1788 and Sikarjong on 3
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Mir Qasim's renowned warrior, Gurgin Khan was the commander on the other side with approximately 2,500 troops with cannons, guns, ammunition and a very good logistics back up. Their attack base was at the bottom of the Makawanpur Gadhi hill. They had planned a night attack. When the enemy's heavy
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Nepal's Interim Constitution's Article 145 has envisioned National Defence Council which includes Prime Minister, Defence Minister, Home Minister and other three minister appointed by Prime Minister which recommends to the Council of Ministers on mobilization, operation and use of the Nepal Army.
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In 1974, The Royal Nepali Army (RNA) was mobilized to disarm the Tibetan Khampas who had been using Nepali soil to engage guerilla war against the Chinese forces. The Khampas had secretly created their base in Mustang (north-west Nepal) and were operating from there against China. The RNA, under
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The relations started forming sour after the Malla rulers started to mint impure silver coins just before their downfall. The Tibetans demanded that the coins be replaced by pure silver ones. When Prithvi Narayan Shah took over, he found that it would be a great loss to him if he conceded to the
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forced the King to restore democracy in 2006, Article 119 of the 1990 constitution stated that the King is the Supreme Commander of the Royal Nepal Army. However, following the People's Power revolution in April 2006, the 1990 constitution has been replaced by an interim constitution which has
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were Strategic points in this war. Likewise, Listi and Duguna villages were the main bases for offensive operations against Tibet. They were the forward most dumping places of the Royal Nepali Army. Although Rasuwa Gadhi and Duguna Gadhi Fortresses were not constructed at the time, the places
934:, and the professional military ethic to include respect for human rights. Both countries have had extensive contact over the years. Nepali Army units and Nepali Army Air Service units have served with distinction alongside American forces in places such as Haiti, Iraq, and Somalia.
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Its most significant contribution has been of ensuring peace and stability in Africa. It has demonstrated its capacity of sustaining large troop commitments over prolonged periods. Presently, Nepal is ranked as the second largest troop-contributing country (TCC) to the UN.
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The ‘Valley Command Office’, with the motto “Shanti Surakshya Sarbada”, was established on May 19, 2003 (2060 Jestha 5). Later it was renamed as “Valley Division HQ” on December 13, 2003 (2060 Poush 15). At the beginning, the division HQ was based at
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The Far Western Division Headquarters, with the motto, "Bhakti Nai Sakti Ho” was established on July 5, 2004 (Ashad 21, 2061) in scenic and beautiful land of Dipayal. The flag of this division was raised on May 1, 2005 (Baisakh 18, 2062).
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The Nepalese Armed Forces are a volunteer force with an estimated 95,000 active duty personnel in 2010, with an estimated annual military budget of around 60 million US dollars, not including military assistance funding from the
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and 30 Nepali soldiers were lost in that battle. The Nepali captured 500 rifles and two cannons with other military equipment. More importantly, the battle led to the beginning of a proper organization of the Royal Nepali Army.
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Since 1950, the Chief of the Army Staff of Nepal is also awarded the honorary Chief of the Army Staff of India and vice -versa in recognition of the mutual harmonious relationship between the two armies of different countries.
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is an interagency program between the Department of Defense and the Department of State to increase the pool of international peacekeepers and to promote interoperability. Nepal received about $ 1.9 million in EPIC funding.
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The Nepali army fought various battles on the national unification campaigns of the 18th century. These battles of Nepal unification helped the Royal Nepali army to gain more experience while helping to unify Nepal.
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Surkhet on 23rd October 2005 (6th Kartik, 2062). The Mid Western Division has been once again re-organized and renamed as the North Western Division in Nimare Barrack, Surkhet on 16 July 2017(1st Shrawan, 2074).
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when Company troops tried to invade Nepal and were beaten back. Both sides were impressed with the other, and Gurkhas were recruited into the company's forces. The Gurkhas remained loyal during the
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India has agreed to resume military aid to Nepal. The aid was in the pipeline before India imposed an embargo in February 2005 following the seizure of power by the then King Gyanendra. In 2009,
826:) in 1958. And the first Nepali contingent, Purano Gorakh battalion was deployed in Egypt in 1974. Nepal's participation in the UN peacekeeping operations spans a period of 50 years covering 42
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About 300 enemy launched a strong attack on 20 January 1763 putting the Nepali still more on the defensive. But they were totally surprised when they were resting in Taplakhar, as Kaji
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The Nepal Army Air Service has operated a flying and helicopter pilots training school since 2004 within the 11 Brigade. It is the only helicopter pilots training school in
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designed to support army operations and provide close light combat support. The Nepalese Army also operates smaller formations responsible for the organization of
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of 1857 and were kept on in the Indian Army thereafter. Upon Indian independence in 1947, some units went to British service and some to Indian service, with a
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Nepal Army's long association with UN Peace Support Operations began with the deployment of five Military Observers in the Middle East, Lebanon (UNOGIL/
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The Western Division Headquarters, with the motto, "Rakshya Nai Dharma Ho” was established on February 13, 2003 (Falgun 1, 2059) as Central Division at
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941:(EIPC), and various conferences and seminars. The U.S. military sends many Nepali Army officers to America to attend military schooling such as the
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Article 144 of Interim Constitution of Nepal states that the President of Nepal is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of Nepal Army. Currently as the
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removed the King from anything to do with the army. On May 28, 2008, the Monarchy was formally abolished and Nepal was declared a republic.
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The Eastern Divisional Headquarters, with the motto "Rastra Rakshya Param Kartabya", was raised on January 29, 2003 (2059 Magh 15 B.S) at
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The Mid Divisional Headquarters, with the motto, "Atal Bhakti Desh Prati” was established on November 16, 2004 (Marga 01, 2061) at
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by private pilots training school) This school produces both army air service and civilian pilots. The school provides the
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King (as Supreme Commander) used to "operate and use" the "Royal Nepal Army on the recommendation" of this council.
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A rescued old woman being assisted by the Nepali Armed Forces personnel while alighting from a Mi-17 helicopter
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Upon Council of Ministers recommendation, President authorizes mobilization, operation and use of Nepal Army.
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signed between the three nations. The Gorkhas are feared troops, and their signature weapon is the
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1393:"Indian Army chief Gen. Manoj Pande conferred honorary title by Nepal's President Bhandari"
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was captured by the Tibetans. The Nepali troops were reinforced with 2,000 more troops and
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A member of the Nepali Quick Reactionary Force (QRF) stands ready with a variant of the
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The U.S.-Nepali military relationship focuses on support for democratic institutions,
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acts as a paramilitary force tasked with maintaining internal security within Nepal.
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who assumed office on 13th March 2023, is the current supreme commander of
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are recruited from Nepal. This arrangement comes from the days of the
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963:(CDRUSPACOM) coordinates military engagement with Nepal through the
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themselves were important because of their military significance.
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was the main Commander of the offensive attack from Kerung axis.
1375:"China pledges military assistance worth Rs100 million to Nepal"
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The command of the Nepali army is divided into 8 parts, namely.
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U.S.-Nepali military engagement continues today through IMET,
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1425:"India confers honorary rank of General on Nepal Army Chief"
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967:(ODC). The ODC Nepal is located in the American Embassy,
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Official website of the Armed Police Force of Nepal
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Military manpower – reaching military age annually:
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692:were the firm bases in the first Nepal-Tibet war.
1229:,(there is a fixed-wing pilot training school in
728:Royal Nepal Army in The First World War 1914–1918
939:Enhanced International Peacekeeping Capabilities
663:was freed from the Tibetans on 14 October 1788.
649:and captured Jhunga on the 3rd of August 1788.
1085:, Kathmandu and later it was relocated to the
669:Shree Krishna Shah was the Commander and Kaji
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1500:International Institute for Strategic Studies
1149:Military manpower – fit for military service:
975:Nepal military relations with China and India
601:Battle of Pauwa Gadhi against Captain Kinloch
8:
949:. The IMET budget for FY2001 was $ 220,000.
910:– The UN mission in Timor Leste (East Timor)
462:within Nepalese territory. In addition, the
1250:service and 214 female technical officers.
824:United Nations Observation Group in Lebanon
748:Royal Nepal Army in Hyderabad Action – 1948
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494:campaign. The Nepalese Army bought 1,000
434:. Composed primarily of the ground-based
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1211:Britain-India-Nepal Tripartite Agreement
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834:is 54, while 57 were seriously wounded.
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743:Royal Nepal Army in The Second World War
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1175:Military expenditures – percent of GDP:
961:Commander United States Pacific Command
846:United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
723:Royal Nepal Army in Indian Sepoy Mutiny
1359:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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1169:Military expenditures – dollar figure:
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557:Battles of Nepal Unification Campaign
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738:Royal Nepal Army in Afghan War −1919
58:adding citations to reliable sources
733:Royal Nepal Army in Waziristhan War
1879:Dependencies and other territories
1536:Official website of the Nepal Army
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1139:Military manpower – availability:
1133:Military manpower – military age:
943:Command and General Staff College
864:UN Operational Mission Somalia II
1469: This article incorporates
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932:civilian control of the military
904:is also manned by Nepali forces.
548:Battles of Unification campaigns
528:2006 democracy movement in Nepal
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1841:States with limited recognition
892:United Nations Mission In Sudan
873:United Nations Mission in Haiti
828:Nepal army-involved UN Missions
45:needs additional citations for
1887:British Indian Ocean Territory
1189:. Significant sections of the
1185:Nepal is also notable for the
832:those lost on duty with the UN
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965:Office of Defense Cooperation
926:U.S./Nepal military relations
1241:helicopter flying training.
535:The National Defence Council
498:from Israel and received 2
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1631:People's Republic of China
1221:Army pilot training school
1199:British East India Company
981:People's Republic of China
761:Disarmament of the Khampas
478:or more recently from the
476:People's Republic of China
263:11,649,090, age 16–49
1504:The Military Balance 2019
1316:October 12, 2008, at the
1120:Nepalese Army Air Service
916:– The UN mission in Haiti
502:helicopters from Russia.
440:Nepalese Army Air Service
162:Nepalese Army Air Service
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1933:Security forces of Nepal
1488:(Archived 2003 edition.)
1260:Armed Police Force Nepal
1124:Armed Police Force Nepal
798:Women peacekeepers from
782:International operations
480:United States of America
1897:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
1171:$ 57.22 million (FY02)
1044:NORTH WESTERN DIVISION
841:Contributions include:
802:'s Nepali Battalion in
790:A Nepali UN peacekeeper
612:First Nepal - Tibet War
607:Anglo-Nepal War 1814 AD
595:Other major engagements
452:military communications
407:Military ranks of Nepal
69:"Nepalese Armed Forces"
1471:public domain material
1155:3,467,511 (2003 est.)
1145:6,674,014 (2003 est.)
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635:Kirtiman Singh Basnyat
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1245:Women in the military
1128:Nepalese Police Force
1002:Northwestern division
947:U.S. Army War College
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706:Nepal-Tibet/China War
641:Amar Singh Thapa and
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1816:United Arab Emirates
1502:(15 February 2019).
1456:WOMEN IN NEPALI ARMY
1292:"The World Factbook"
1165:303,222 (2003 est.)
1035:FAR WESTERN DIVISION
999:Far western division
296:$ 440 million (2024)
54:improve this article
1239:Eurocopter Ecureuil
1017:Mideastern division
1005:Midwestern division
860:UN Protective Force
754:Domestic operations
717:Foreign involvement
424:Nepali Armed Forces
219:Chief of Army Staff
207:Minister of Defence
135:Nepali Armed Forces
1576:Militaries of Asia
1477:The World Factbook
1113:Military branches:
1087:Narayanhiti Palace
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711:Nepali-Tibetan War
579:night operations.
517:Ram Chandra Poudel
514:President of Nepal
464:Armed Police Force
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192:Commander-in-chief
1928:Military of Nepal
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1480:(2024 ed.).
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1678:
1673:
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1608:
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976:
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927:
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923:
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917:
911:
905:
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885:
875:
866:
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783:
780:
779:
778:
766:
765:
755:
752:
751:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
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718:
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708:
667:Kuti Axis (I):
628:Balbhadra Shah
615:
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609:
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571:
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507:
504:
410:
409:
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398:
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319:
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302:Percent of GDP
298:
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255:
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194:
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137:
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128:
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42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
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10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1934:
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1923:
1908:
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1876:
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1854:South Ossetia
1852:
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1822:
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1714:
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1521:9781857439885
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1342:on 2007-10-27
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1208:
1207:Indian Mutiny
1204:
1200:
1196:
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1188:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1170:
1166:
1164:
1160:
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1150:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1116:Nepalese Army
1114:
1107:
1100:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1083:Singha Durbar
1079:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1046:
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1016:
1013:
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1007:
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988:
984:
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974:
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970:
966:
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958:
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948:
944:
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935:
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833:
829:
825:
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805:
801:
796:
788:
781:
777:
776:
772:
771:
770:
764:
762:
758:
757:
753:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
720:
716:
712:
709:
707:
704:
703:
702:
699:
695:
691:
687:
682:
681:Damodar Pande
678:
674:
672:
671:Ranajit Pande
668:
664:
662:
659:
655:
652:
647:
644:
640:
636:
633:
629:
626:
623:
619:
613:
610:
608:
605:
602:
599:
598:
594:
592:
589:
584:
580:
576:
570:
566:
561:
556:
555:
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547:
545:
541:
534:
532:
529:
524:
522:
518:
515:
510:
505:
503:
501:
497:
493:
492:War on Terror
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
467:
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461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
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403:
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394:
391:
379:
378:United States
367:
355:
343:
331:
320:
316:
313:
309:
305:
303:
299:
295:
293:
289:
284:
280:
278:
274:
271:98,500 (2023)
270:
266:
262:
256:
253:
250:
248:
244:
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236:
231:
228:
225:
222:
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216:
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186:
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176:
174:
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163:
160:
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155:
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147:
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124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
1811:Turkmenistan
1771:Saudi Arabia
1740:
1503:
1476:
1463:
1451:
1440:. Retrieved
1428:
1419:
1408:. Retrieved
1396:
1387:
1378:
1369:
1344:. Retrieved
1337:the original
1324:
1307:
1295:. Retrieved
1286:
1274:
1248:
1224:
1191:British Army
1184:
1177:1.1% (FY02)
1174:
1173:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1132:
1131:
1112:
1111:
1065:MID DIVISION
1030:Description
1011:Mid-division
994:
985:
978:
959:
954:EPIC program
951:
936:
929:
900:– The RCHQ,
882:Sierra Leone
862:(UNPROFOR),
840:
836:
821:
773:
767:
759:
698:Rasuwa Gadhi
686:Rasuwa Gadhi
676:
675:
666:
665:
657:
650:
642:
638:
631:
624:
622:Kerung Axis:
621:
620:
616:
585:
581:
577:
573:
551:
542:
538:
525:
511:
509:
496:Galil rifles
488:September 11
468:
423:
421:
251:
247:Conscription
173:Headquarters
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1801:Timor Leste
1756:Philippines
1696:South Korea
1691:North Korea
1591:Afghanistan
1201:'s rule of
1195:Indian Army
694:Syabru Besi
661:Bhotu Pande
654:Bhotu Pande
646:Bhotu Pande
562:Engagements
526:Before the
484:M-16 rifles
444:air defense
436:Nepali Army
306:1.0% (2024)
286:Expenditure
157:Nepali Army
1922:Categories
1821:Uzbekistan
1791:Tajikistan
1706:Kyrgyzstan
1686:Kazakhstan
1611:Bangladesh
1601:Azerbaijan
1442:2023-07-25
1410:2023-07-25
1379:Phayul.com
1346:2014-10-23
1297:23 October
1266:References
1118:(includes
1108:Statistics
884:(UNAMSIL).
521:Nepal Army
212:Manbir Rai
185:Leadership
80:newspapers
1902:Hong Kong
1869:Palestine
1781:Sri Lanka
1776:Singapore
1656:Indonesia
1512:Routledge
1437:0971-751X
1429:The Hindu
1405:0971-751X
1397:The Hindu
1281:, pp. 294
1279:IISS 2019
1235:Mil Mi-17
991:Divisions
969:Kathmandu
816:IMI Galil
603:- 1767 AD
569:Mir Qasim
456:artillery
448:logistics
233:Personnel
197:President
178:Kathmandu
1849:Abkhazia
1796:Thailand
1751:Pakistan
1731:Mongolia
1726:Maldives
1721:Malaysia
1626:Cambodia
1355:cite web
1314:Archived
1254:See also
945:and the
914:MINUSTAH
856:UNOSOMII
658:Kapardar
651:Kapardar
643:Kapardar
426:are the
312:Industry
110:May 2020
1826:Vietnam
1716:Lebanon
1646:Georgia
1606:Bahrain
1596:Armenia
1215:khukuri
1187:Gorkhas
1181:Gorkhas
1099:Itahari
1070:Hetauda
1058:Pokhara
908:UNMISET
902:KASSALA
878:UNAMSIL
806:in 2021
800:MONUSCO
490:global
258:Fit for
224:General
94:scholar
1864:Taiwan
1806:Turkey
1766:Russia
1701:Kuwait
1681:Jordan
1671:Israel
1636:Cyprus
1621:Brunei
1616:Bhutan
1518:
1508:London
1486:
1435:
1403:
1237:, and
1163:males:
850:UNIFIL
763:– 1974
690:Timure
639:Sardar
458:, and
390:Israel
387:
375:
366:Russia
363:
354:Poland
351:
339:
327:
292:Budget
281:82,000
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1907:Macau
1831:Yemen
1786:Syria
1761:Qatar
1741:Nepal
1676:Japan
1651:India
1641:Egypt
1473:from
1340:(PDF)
1333:(PDF)
1227:Nepal
1203:India
1027:Names
920:UNDOF
888:UNMIS
869:UNMIH
804:Djugu
679:Kaji
432:Nepal
402:Ranks
342:China
330:India
101:JSTOR
87:books
1746:Oman
1711:Laos
1666:Iraq
1661:Iran
1516:ISBN
1433:ISSN
1401:ISSN
1361:link
1299:2014
1193:and
952:The
898:RCHQ
871:the
858:the
696:and
688:and
632:Kaji
625:Kaji
474:and
422:The
252:None
73:news
1482:CIA
1122:),
500:V-5
430:of
56:by
1924::
1514:.
1510::
1506:.
1427:.
1395:.
1377:.
1357:}}
1353:{{
1217:.
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894:.
852:)
848:(
818:.
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
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50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
