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In time, growing trade, commerce, and industry in São Paulo would serve to undermine the domination of the republic's politics by the landed gentries of the same state (dominated by the coffee industry) and Minas Gerais (dominated by dairy interests) — known then by observers as the politics of
1573:, ushered into power by the middle class and agrarian oligarchies of peripheral states resentful of the coffee oligarchs, Brazil moved toward a more centralized state structure that has served to regularize and modernize state governments, moving toward more universal suffrage and secret ballots.
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Under the Old
Republic, the coffee with milk politics rested on the domination of the republic's politics by the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais — the largest in terms of population and wealth. One can illustrate the extent of that domination by noting that the first presidents of the
1453:, especially coffee planters in the state of São Paulo, to dominate state structures to their advantage, particularly the weak central state structures that effectively devolved power to local agrarian oligarchies.
1499:, São Paulo, now emerging as the central state, began to increase in power under the Old Republic. Northeastern landowners bitterly opposed rival oligarchs in São Paulo, explaining their role in the
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was centralized in the hands of a locally dominant oligarch known as a "colonel", particularly under Brazil's Old
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republic were from São Paulo and thereafter succeeded by an alternation between the outgoing governors of the two leading states in the presidency.
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Meanwhile, other states resented this grip on the central state by São Paulo and Minas Gerais. The severe
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Under Brazil's Old
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There were more cases of organized political opposition to the coffee with milk politics before the
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slaves and other peasants from
Northeast to Southeast, precipitating the decay of established
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1633:] (in Brazilian Portuguese) (1st reprint ed.). São Paulo: EPU/MEC. p. 5.
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This article is about an aspect of
Brazilian history. For the coffee beverage, see
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in the
Northeast and the ensuing economic collapse — along with the
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The coffee with milk politics rested on an oligarchic system known as
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222:), referring to the states' respectively dominant industry.
163:) is a term that refers to the oligarchic domination of
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in 1888 — propelled the mass labor migration of
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198:The name alludes to the popular coffee beverage
1495:oligarchies of the North. With the concurrent
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1631:Education and Society in the First Republic
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1627:Educação e Sociedade na Primeira República
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468:Transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil
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1530:), endorsed by São Paulo by means of the
124:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Brazilian politics under the Old Republic
140:The states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo
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171:(1889–1930) by the landed gentries of
1468:", this term referred to the classic
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1604:. Infobase Publishing. p. 123.
187:industry), being represented by the
62:adding citations to reliable sources
654:Declaration of majority of Pedro II
1522:), supported by Minas Gerais, and
458:Spanish–Portuguese War (1776–1777)
443:Spanish–Portuguese War (1735–1737)
14:
1497:growth of coffee in the Southeast
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193:Republican Party of Minas Gerais
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49:needs additional citations for
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1068:Impeachment of Fernando Collor
517:Conquest of the Banda Oriental
487:Invasion of the Banda Oriental
1:
1098:Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff
330:Letter of Pero Vaz de Caminha
318:Pedro Álvares Cabral's voyage
189:Republican Party of São Paulo
1464:. Known as the "rule of the
887:Constitutionalist Revolution
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599:Confederation of the Equator
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1661:Political history of Brazil
1472:under which the control of
557:Recognition of Independence
547:Declaration of Independence
29:You, Me and Him (2007 film)
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1553:; and the creation of the
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1601:A Brief History of Brazil
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1686:First Brazilian Republic
1656:Modern history of Brazil
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954:Lott's preventative coup
160:[kaˈfɛkõˈlejtʃi]
463:Minas Gerais Conspiracy
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1004:Araguaia Guerrilla War
684:Eusébio de Queirós Law
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73:"Milk coffee politics"
1625:Nagle, Jorge (1976).
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473:Opening of the ports
167:under the so-called
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58:improve this article
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629:1834 Additional Act
552:War of Independence
428:War of the Emboabas
1541:; the election of
1508:Revolution of 1930
1501:Revolution of 1930
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1116:By federative unit
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882:Revolution of 1930
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810:Amazon rubber boom
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325:European discovery
278:Indigenous Peoples
183:(dominated by the
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1676:Coffee production
1611:978-0-8160-7788-5
1559:Rio Grande do Sul
1557:(PL) in 1928, in
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1516:Hermes da Fonseca
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1056:1988 Constitution
1019:Redemocratization
1014:Brazilian Miracle
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