1131:. In North America, between 1988 and 2005, 233 minor league ice hockey teams played in a total of 160 cities in 13 minor professional leagues. The vast majority of these teams played in the United States, with only 21 of these teams based in Canadian cities. 123 of these minor professional teams played in the southern United States. One reason given for the large number of American-based teams is that minor league franchises will frequently move from city to city, and even between leagues. In contrast, Canadian cities more commonly host
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their reserve sides in USL1 instead of the USLC. For several years, MLS nominally required all of its teams to either field a reserve team in the USL or officially affiliate with a separately owned USL team, but this was never strictly enforced. No formal relationship existed between NASL and the other leagues; NASL's commissioner had said he believed it would "stay that way for some time". However, MLS clubs started withdrawing their reserve sides from the USL system in 2020 amid rumors that MLS would relaunch its former
745:, the formal developmental affiliations have come to dominate minor league baseball, and the majority of minor leagues are part of the affiliated system. A general decline in minor league attendance occurred following the advent of television; minor league clubs only survived in many markets because their major league affiliations included financial support. The trend began to reverse in the 1990s, as new independent minor leagues began for the first time in decades and have become successful to varying levels.
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1154:. On "the farm", the NHL team will develop young players, occasionally rehabilitate older players who are injured or whose quality of play has slumped. These teams, in turn, have lower-level minor leagues to draw players from and pass players down to. Minor professional ice hockey leagues should not be confused with
334:
incarnations of the XFL, have sought to maintain independence and maintain a national profile while acknowledging the lack of funds (particularly from television, which is by far the NFL's largest revenue stream) that would be needed to compete for NFL-caliber talent. The UFL during its existence was
585:
In 2013 Major League Soccer announced a partnership with the USL organization which began formal affiliation between some USL teams and MLS teams. The partnership continued to deepen through the 2010s; by the end of that decade, most MLS teams fielded their reserve teams in the USLC, while a few had
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In 2021, a major reorganization of the minor leagues saw the number of affiliated teams (i.e., those with formal links to MLB teams) reduced from 160 to 120, the Short-Season A level eliminated from the minor leagues, and all leagues above Rookie level in the affiliated system renamed. Also, four
303:, though it has developed ties with the NFL in recent years and has moved away from competing with the NFL for talent, plays a visibly different game than the American game, and the two sports favor different types of skills; the CFL arguably holds major league status in its home territory of
994:(CBA) served some of the purposes of a minor league for the NBA for many years. However, there were no direct developmental agreements between CBA and NBA teams the way that there are between Major League Baseball and National Hockey League teams and their minor league affiliates.
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with regard to several organizations competing in various sports. They generally have lesser fan bases, much smaller revenues and salaries, and are used to develop players for bigger leagues.
236:, meaning that clubs have no fixed status in the hierarchy, or there is only one professional league per country in each sport, rendering the major/minor distinction irrelevant.
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1848:"NASL Commissioner Bill Peterson discusses league expansion, playoffs, MLS, paid match streaming and other topics in advance of 2014 regular season kickoff | Sports"
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224:, and many other parts of the world, association football (soccer), basketball, american football, baseball, handball, hockey, etc. leagues have many divisions below the
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recognized and accepted as the second tier of professional football behind the NFL, with several former NFL stars playing in the UFL near the ends of their careers.
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teams in each sport is fixed for long periods between expansions or other adjustments, which only take place with the consent of the major league owners. In
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is almost as old as the professional game itself, and at first consisted of attempts to play baseball in smaller cities and towns independent of the
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independent leagues were officially designated as "MLB Partner
Leagues". In 2022, the leagues renamed in 2021 reverted to their traditional names.
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The USL organization has announced plans to create a full women's developmental pathway, establishing the semi-professional third-level
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201:. Minor league teams tend to play in smaller, less elaborate venues, often competing in smaller cities/markets. This term is used in
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1481:; and various other affiliated satellite tours of other individual sports, including the Challengers Tour of Professional Tennis.
685:(USLS) in 2023. The USL has applied for U.S. Soccer sanctioning of USLS; it has not yet announced its sanctioning plans for USLW.
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for the
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261:(NFL). The NFL and its teams have had working relationships with several independent leagues in the past, including the
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The system, introduced in mid-2020, was active for the first time during the 2020–21 season. It is a successor to the
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system is not used, although teams have been informally "promoted" from lower leagues up to Major League Soccer. The
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578:(formerly the Premier Development League, or PDL), a semi-professional league that has some age restrictions. The
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system has so far been mostly an ad hoc affair, with semi-professional and amateur leagues including the former
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that states a
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Several minor or developmental leagues, independent of the NFL, have come and gone. Some, such as the
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273:. In modern times, the NFL has developed players not ready for the active roster through each team's
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638:. The system covers the under-13, under-14, under-15, under-16, under-17 and under-19 age groups.
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697:(M2) is a North American indoor soccer league that serves as the developmental league of the
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The sport with the next most extensive system of minor league teams other than baseball is
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several lower-level leagues operate on both sides of the U.S.–Canada border as part of the
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began formal developmental agreements with some minor league teams, while others remained
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Professional sports leagues which are not regarded as the premier leagues in those sports
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teams, which develop teenage prospects prior to their move to the professional leagues.
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681:(USLW; not to be confused with its former W-League) in 2022 and planning to launch the
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in the coming years; these rumors were proved correct by the 2022 establishment of
322:), have explicit minor league and developmental aspirations. Others, such as the
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is played under very different conditions, and the AFL had its own minor league,
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1764:"As arena football struggles to keep franchises, Portland hopes to be Hail Mary"
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232:. In other parts of the world there is usually either a system of annual
1501:
List of top level minor league sports teams in the United States by city
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1689:"Rivals football league provides athletes with chance to fulfill dream"
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1598:"Fledgling pro league trying to gain foothold with Mexico's NFL fans"
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Other sports organizations considered to be minor leagues are golf's
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is the most prominent of the minor hockey leagues in North
America.
1782:"Kenny McEntyre revives Orlando Predators in National Arena League"
1930:
318:(along with the FXFL's successor, the still extant but non-paying
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Hockey Night in Dixie: Minor Pro Hockey in the
American South
1744:"Sioux Falls Storm leaving IFL for Champions Indoor Football"
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operates at approximately the same level as USL League Two.
284:
in the mid-2000s, prior to its bankruptcy and restructuring.
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1217:(formerly known as the Southern Professional Hockey League)
149:
personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
1826:"RSL launch Real Monarchs, latest MLS-backed USL Pro team"
1899:
1535:
611:
Semi-professional and amateur leagues sanctioned by the
1882:. Heritage House Publishing Company Ltd. pp. vii.
1729:"At $ 75 a game, indoor football isn't about the money"
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which are not regarded as the premier leagues in those
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leagues that are managed, organized and controlled by
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1988:
1937:
1662:"Spring football ... in Detroit? 2 groups think so"
1162:(semi-professional to amateur) ice hockey leagues.
269:, and most recently, the league owned-and-operated
208:The minor league concept is a manifestation of the
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1875:
1583:
1150:and often have a secondary affiliated team in the
646:The developmental pathway for players outside the
1715:"A guide to all the new non-NFL football leagues"
1558:"A closer look at football developmental leagues"
1536:"Home - Gridiron Developmental Football League"
754:List of Minor League Baseball leagues and teams
1491:List of developmental and minor sports leagues
280:Several NFL owners had purchased teams in the
1915:
737:Since it was first developed in the 1920s by
8:
1869:
1867:
1516:Association of Professional Football Leagues
600:(stylized in all caps) is a system of youth
263:Association of Professional Football Leagues
257:leagues, none have any affiliation with the
608:. It was introduced by the league in 2020.
1922:
1908:
1900:
758:List of collegiate summer baseball leagues
666:not being sanctioned directly through the
986:(formerly called the "NBA D-League") and
956:United Shore Professional Baseball League
178:Learn how and when to remove this message
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1461:since ARCA's buyout by NASCAR in 2018);
296:leagues that play a similar game exist.
292:, until 2009. Several other independent
1527:
892:Venezuelan Professional Baseball League
339:Current American football minor leagues
1687:Davis, Jason Carmel (April 17, 2014).
1584:"Liga de FĂştbol Americano Profesional"
872:Colombian Professional Baseball League
672:United States Adult Soccer Association
613:United States Adult Soccer Association
370:Gridiron Developmental Football League
1612:"Rivals Professional Football League"
1556:Earlywine, Aaron (February 9, 2017).
1252:Quebec Maritimes Junior Hockey League
722:, the first true major league. Soon,
532:United States Women's Football League
7:
1551:
1549:
1409:(MiLC) is a developmental league of
1037:National Basketball League of Canada
376:Liga de FĂştbol Americano Profesional
58:adding citations to reliable sources
2525:Terminology used in multiple sports
1616:Rivals Professional Football League
1429:, respectively affiliated with the
1396:Southern Professional Hockey League
1360:Southern Professional Hockey League
1312:Southern Professional Hockey League
382:Rivals Professional Football League
1383:Western Professional Hockey League
1335:International Hockey League (2007)
992:Continental Basketball Association
982:has affiliated minor leagues: the
25:
1631:"New league not coming to Toledo"
1374:Western Hockey League (1952–1974)
430:North Louisiana Football Alliance
316:Fall Experimental Football League
2498:
2489:
2488:
2476:
1742:Zimmer, Matt (August 30, 2017).
1173:Current ice hockey minor leagues
1116:Universal Basketball Association
1098:Official Basketball Association
1092:North American Basketball League
1031:Canadian Elite Basketball League
998:Current basketball minor leagues
877:Dominican Winter Baseball League
246:Minor league football (gridiron)
136:
34:
2499:
1629:Autullo, Ryan (April 3, 2014).
1289:North East Senior Hockey League
1209:Ligue Nord-Américaine de Hockey
1203:Federal Prospects Hockey League
1062:American Basketball Association
980:National Basketball Association
668:United States Soccer Federation
636:U.S. Soccer Development Academy
45:needs additional citations for
1080:Florida Basketball Association
1068:Central Basketball Association
621:National Premier Soccer League
580:National Premier Soccer League
267:Atlantic Coast Football League
1:
1800:"United Soccer Leagues (USL)"
1660:Shea, Bill (March 23, 2014).
670:, but through the affiliated
664:Women's Premier Soccer League
562:pyramids. As is standard for
538:Association football (soccer)
508:American Flag Football League
312:Alliance of American Football
1308:Atlantic Coast Hockey League
1228:North American Hockey League
1074:East Coast Basketball League
629:United Premier Soccer League
425:Northern Football Conference
1846:Morris, Neil (2014-04-08).
1668:. Crain Communications, Inc
1326:International Hockey League
1265:Mountain West Hockey League
1234:United States Hockey League
903:Independent baseball league
887:Puerto Rico Baseball League
695:Major Arena Soccer League 2
420:New England Football League
395:American 7s Football League
2541:
1475:FIA Formula 3 Championship
1471:FIA Formula 2 Championship
1451:Whelen All-American Series
1447:Camping World Truck Series
1392:World Hockey Association 2
751:
708:
494:Great Lakes Arena Football
243:
2470:
1465:'s Triple Threat Series;
1413:that began play in 2021.
1295:North Peace Hockey League
1104:Premier Basketball League
1086:Maximum Basketball League
1049:The Basketball Tournament
699:Major Arena Soccer League
522:Women's Football Alliance
410:Florida Football Alliance
2072:Bodybuilding supplements
1666:Crain's Detroit Business
1453:(and to a lesser extent
1394:(WHA2), now part of the
1385:(WPHL), merged into the
1367:(WCHL), merged into the
1365:West Coast Hockey League
1358:(SEHL), now part of the
1356:South East Hockey League
1310:(ACHL), now part of the
1190:East Coast Hockey League
1110:United Basketball League
568:promotion and relegation
564:sports in both countries
472:American Indoor Football
437:Indoor American football
415:Maritime Football League
301:Canadian Football League
259:National Football League
250:While there are various
234:promotion and relegation
1376:(WHL), merged into the
1328:(IHL), merged into the
1319:(CHL), merged into the
1291:(New Brunswick Sr. AAA)
852:Dominican Summer League
527:Legends Football League
400:Alberta Football League
216:, whereby the group of
1874:Scott, Jon C. (2006).
1695:. C & G Publishing
1346:Colonial Hockey League
1330:American Hockey League
1279:(Saskatchewan Sr. AAA)
1184:American Hockey League
1167:American Hockey League
1148:American Hockey League
1140:National Hockey League
882:Mexican Pacific League
846:Florida Complex League
840:Arizona Complex League
449:Indoor Football League
405:Empire Football League
357:United Football League
324:United Football League
158:by rewriting it in an
1768:Portland Press Herald
1506:Minor League Baseball
1387:Central Hockey League
1378:Central Hockey League
1351:Central Hockey League
1317:Central Hockey League
1283:Allan Cup Hockey West
1246:Ontario Hockey League
1240:Western Hockey League
1158:(amateur players) or
1043:The Basketball League
907:MLB Partner Leagues:
816:South Atlantic League
769:Minor League Baseball
728:Major League Baseball
716:Minor league baseball
711:Minor League Baseball
656:United Women's Soccer
489:American Arena League
460:Arena Football League
455:National Arena League
282:Arena Football League
214:North American sports
1511:Minor League Cricket
1467:Overwatch Contenders
1411:Major League Cricket
1407:Minor League Cricket
1340:United Hockey League
1337:(IHL), formerly the
1302:Former minor leagues
911:American Association
834:Florida State League
780:Pacific Coast League
774:International League
572:United Soccer League
54:improve this article
1788:. January 16, 2019.
1731:. AP. May 29, 2015.
1459:ARCA Menards Series
1277:Big 6 Hockey League
946:Pacific Association
867:Arizona Fall League
863:Off-season leagues
739:St. Louis Cardinals
606:Major League Soccer
549:Major League Soccer
2089:Physical education
1562:Sports Illustrated
1349:, merged into the
990:. The now-defunct
588:MLS Reserve League
160:encyclopedic style
147:is written like a
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2511:
2483:Sports portal
2094:Physical activity
2040:Athletic training
2023:Strength training
1975:Semi-professional
1824:Cranford, Aaron.
1297:(Alberta Sr. AAA)
1285:(Alberta Sr. AAA)
1273:(Ontario Sr. AAA)
1259:Senior ice hockey
1014:NBA Summer League
988:NBA Summer League
970:
969:
822:California League
320:The Spring League
252:semi-professional
240:American football
193:are professional
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16:(Redirected from
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1828:. Soccer By Ives
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1802:. Archived from
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1786:Orlando Sentinel
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1770:. April 1, 2018.
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1600:. 14 April 2017.
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810:Northwest League
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683:USL Super League
477:The Arena League
230:football pyramid
226:top-flight level
210:franchise system
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932:Other leagues:
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828:Carolina League
792:Southern League
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752:Main articles:
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299:Similarly, the
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1443:Xfinity Series
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941:Mexican League
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926:Pioneer League
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804:Midwest League
801:
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789:
786:Eastern League
783:
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761:
709:Main article:
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703:
690:
687:
654:. The current
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617:USL League Two
576:USL League Two
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286:Arena football
275:practice squad
244:Main article:
241:
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195:sports leagues
186:
185:
144:
142:
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128:
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69:"Minor league"
42:
40:
33:
26:
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14:
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2:
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2462:South America
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2335:Sportsmanship
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2278:Entertainment
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2217:Communication
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2159:International
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2115:Organizations
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2101:Rating system
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2014:
2013:Periodization
2011:
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1889:1-894974-21-2
1885:
1880:
1879:
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1868:
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1842:
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1827:
1820:
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1806:on 2014-10-14
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1172:
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1163:
1161:
1157:
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1149:
1145:
1142:teams have a
1141:
1136:
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981:
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947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
936:Empire League
934:
933:
931:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
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906:
905:
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835:
832:
829:
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790:
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781:
778:
775:
772:
771:
770:
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766:
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764:
759:
755:
750:
746:
744:
743:Branch Rickey
740:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
712:
704:
702:
700:
696:
689:Indoor soccer
688:
686:
684:
680:
675:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
641:
639:
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632:
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622:
618:
614:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
593:
589:
583:
581:
577:
574:operates the
573:
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566:, the formal
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550:
542:
537:
533:
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501:Flag football
499:
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467:
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368:
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358:
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346:
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338:
336:
333:
329:
326:and both the
325:
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211:
206:
204:
203:North America
200:
196:
192:
191:Minor leagues
182:
179:
171:
161:
157:
151:
150:
145:This article
143:
134:
133:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2474:
2273:Cheerleaders
2182:Broadcasting
2077:Sports drink
2045:Chriopractic
2003:Biomechanics
1970:Professional
1877:
1855:. Retrieved
1851:
1841:
1830:. Retrieved
1819:
1808:. Retrieved
1804:the original
1794:
1776:
1758:
1749:Argus Leader
1747:
1737:
1723:
1709:
1697:. Retrieved
1692:
1682:
1670:. Retrieved
1665:
1655:
1643:. Retrieved
1639:the original
1634:
1624:
1615:
1606:
1592:
1578:
1568:December 12,
1566:. Retrieved
1561:
1540:www.gdfl.org
1539:
1530:
1496:Youth system
1420:
1417:Other sports
1405:
1344:
1338:
1164:
1137:
1133:major junior
1126:
1055:
1054:
1039:(NBL Canada)
1024:
1023:
1009:NBA G League
984:NBA G League
977:
964:
951:Pecos League
798:Texas League
747:
736:
714:
692:
679:USL W League
676:
660:UWS League 2
652:USL W-League
645:
633:
610:
596:
592:MLS Next Pro
584:
546:
482:
481:
465:
464:
442:
441:
363:
362:
350:
349:
345:Pro Football
309:
298:
279:
249:
225:
218:major league
207:
190:
189:
174:
165:
146:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
18:Minor-league
2378:Flying disc
2293:Memorabilia
2202:Sponsorship
1564:. Time, Inc
1479:Formula One
1463:Monster Jam
1197:Independent
1020:Independent
782:(Class AAA)
776:(Class AAA)
732:independent
625:NISA Nation
2416:Regulation
2406:Ministries
2401:Sports law
2383:Sportswear
2320:Philosophy
2230:Journalism
2142:Postseason
2060:Psychology
2055:Physicians
2018:Physiology
1960:Parasports
1945:Individual
1857:2016-04-08
1832:2016-04-08
1810:2014-09-15
1522:References
1427:Epson Tour
1178:Affiliated
1129:ice hockey
1123:Ice hockey
1003:Affiliated
974:Basketball
818:(Class A+)
812:(Class A+)
806:(Class A+)
800:(Class AA)
794:(Class AA)
788:(Class AA)
741:executive
648:collegiate
443:High-level
351:High-level
271:NFL Europe
168:April 2022
110:April 2016
80:newspapers
2437:Australia
2350:Equipment
2325:Rivalries
2310:Numbering
2303:Nicknames
2252:Promoters
2235:Magazines
2197:Marketing
2187:Economics
2106:Sociology
2067:Nutrition
1852:Indy Week
1635:The Blade
1144:farm team
836:(Class A)
830:(Class A)
824:(Class A)
483:Low-level
466:Mid-level
364:Low-level
2519:Category
2494:Category
2393:Politics
2373:Exercise
2340:Violence
2240:Podcasts
2192:Industry
2169:Business
2084:Pedagogy
2035:Medicine
2008:Practice
1998:Exercise
1699:June 25,
1672:June 25,
1645:June 25,
1485:See also
1457:and its
1431:PGA Tour
1056:Semi-Pro
854:(rookie)
848:(rookie)
842:(rookie)
705:Baseball
598:MLS Next
557:Canadian
553:American
389:Semi-Pro
255:football
212:used in
2504:Outline
2457:Oceania
2288:History
2268:Betting
2261:Culture
2132:Leagues
1990:Science
1980:Amateur
1693:Journal
1402:Cricket
1254:(QMJHL)
1146:in the
515:Women's
154:Please
94:scholar
2447:Europe
2432:Africa
2368:Caving
2298:Naming
2177:Agents
2149:School
2137:Season
2050:Injury
2030:Doping
1886:
1469:; the
1439:NASCAR
1267:(MWHL)
1236:(USHL)
1230:(NAHL)
1222:Junior
1211:(LNAH)
1205:(FPHL)
1192:(ECHL)
1160:Senior
1156:Junior
1094:(NABL)
1076:(ECBL)
1033:(CEBL)
965:
724:scouts
602:soccer
560:soccer
547:Below
384:(RPFL)
372:(GDFL)
305:Canada
265:, the
222:Europe
199:sports
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2363:Balls
2245:Radio
2207:Trade
2154:Teams
2122:Clubs
1965:Women
1938:Types
1931:Sport
1248:(OHL)
1242:(WHL)
1186:(AHL)
1118:(UBA)
1112:(UBL)
1106:(PBL)
1100:(OBA)
1088:(MBL)
1082:(FBA)
1070:(CBA)
1064:(ABA)
1051:(TBT)
1045:(TBL)
642:Women
378:(LFA)
359:(UFL)
101:JSTOR
87:books
2442:Asia
1950:Team
1884:ISBN
1701:2015
1674:2015
1647:2015
1570:2018
1477:for
1473:and
1455:ARCA
1449:and
1435:LPGA
1433:and
1425:and
1369:ECHL
1343:and
1321:ECHL
1215:SPHL
1165:The
1152:ECHL
1138:All
978:The
756:and
693:The
662:and
627:and
615:are
555:and
332:2020
330:and
328:2001
314:and
73:news
2283:Fan
1441:'s
1025:Pro
734:.
594:.
543:Men
290:af2
56:by
2521::
1866:^
1850:.
1784:.
1766:.
1746:.
1691:.
1664:.
1633:.
1614:.
1560:.
1548:^
1538:.
1445:,
1437:;
701:.
674:.
658:,
631:.
623:,
619:,
307:.
277:.
1923:e
1916:t
1909:v
1892:.
1860:.
1835:.
1813:.
1752:.
1717:.
1703:.
1676:.
1649:.
1618:.
1586:.
1572:.
1542:.
451:,
181:)
175:(
170:)
166:(
162:.
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
