141:
367:
and completed at the end of the summer of 1387. In Daning, a regional military commission was established to command the four fortresses. Beiping, Shandong, Shanxi, and Henan provinces dispatched the peasantry to transport grain to the north. Millions of piculs of foodstuff were stored at the four
389:
Naghachu and his Mongol horde surrendered to the Ming army. Dreyer (1982) stated that this was on 14 July 1387, while
Langlois (1998) stated that this was in October 1387. The lesser Mongol chieftains regarded Naghachu's surrender as a defection and continued resisting. While the Ming army was
385:
General Feng Sheng returned Nayira'u (Naghachu's former lieutenant, captured in 1376) to
Naghachu with a letter that stated that he should surrender and accept the suzerainty of Ming China. Meanwhile, General Lan Yu and his army inflicted much destruction to portions of the Mongol horde in the
360:(éå·), where he sent General Lan Yu with a cavalry unit to attack a Mongol force at Qingzhou (æ
¶å·). Lan Yu defeated the Mongol force, capturing many Mongols, including the Mongol governor, and their horses. On 20 March 1387, General Feng Sheng led the Ming army northward through the Great Wall.
408:. In the period after his surrender to the Ming, Naghachu was given a marquisate with a stipend of 2,000 piculs of grain, an estate of public fields in Jiangxi, and a mansion in Nanjing. He ultimately died (probably due to his
198:
404:
The campaign concluded with the capture of
Naghachu and his horde, their families, and their domesticated animals. Naghachu, his 6,500 officers, and their families were sent to
191:
382:. Within a few days after crossing the river, they surrounded the Mongol stronghold of Jinshan. Within that month, the Ming army established their encampment west of Jinshan.
1025:
1387:
752:
184:
390:
returning to the Great Wall, the rear guard was ambushed and suffered losses, including Chief
Commissioner Pu Ying (æ¿®è±), who was the commander of the rear guard.
1232:
1005:
634:
884:
386:
northern vicinity of the Great Wall. All whilst rice, weapons, and other supplies were transported across the Great Wall into
Manchuria for the Ming army.
1037:
1382:
687:
243:
1183:
1090:
988:
39:
1078:
926:
1128:
983:
341:
The Ming army, comprising 200,000 soldiers, included the 50,000 soldiers that garrisoned four fortresses. General Feng Sheng and
General
798:
375:(é£é; Marquis of Linjiang) and his division became separated from the main army and was ambushed, which resulted in the killing of Zhen.
1095:
627:
600:
548:
488:
415:
Bolstered by this successful campaign, the Hongwu
Emperor ordered General Lan Yu to lead 150,000 men on a military campaign against
1263:
727:
818:
778:
338:
to assist him, and raised a large army. The Hongwu
Emperor drew up the plans with the ultimate objective to conquer Jinshan.
1310:
1032:
1290:
1068:
936:
906:
620:
1300:
1285:
1020:
652:
1392:
1111:
833:
732:
438:
357:
1280:
1116:
1042:
813:
803:
399:
295:
83:
1121:
722:
1343:
1222:
808:
233:
371:
General Feng Shen led his main army further eastward. He left about 50,000 troops at Daning. On 7 July 1387,
1253:
1162:
828:
682:
238:
1190:
1138:
946:
838:
1397:
1295:
1273:
1258:
899:
879:
757:
717:
707:
258:
226:
221:
1326:
894:
793:
672:
327:
279:
118:
1176:
1015:
958:
911:
869:
843:
747:
697:
420:
364:
326:
ordered
General Feng Sheng to lead an army of 200,000 soldiers against the Mongols. In early 1387,
253:
742:
788:
702:
921:
372:
1000:
737:
677:
596:
544:
484:
363:
Fortresses were constructed at Daning (倧寧), Fuyu (å¯å³ª), Huizhou (æå·), and Kuanhe (å¯æ²³) near the
17:
1169:
978:
941:
931:
916:
889:
874:
712:
346:
335:
140:
128:
1360:
1212:
1155:
1073:
848:
823:
429:, Prince of Ning, would be stationed at Daning and take command of the four fortresses.
306:
During the 1380s, the Mongol commander
Naghachu had organized the many Mongol tribes of
1336:
1331:
1207:
350:
323:
209:
132:
1376:
1217:
1010:
953:
993:
643:
416:
311:
275:
99:
353:, Prince of Yan, commanded the princely guard, but saw relatively limited action.
1305:
1248:
783:
419:, the Mongol Khan, culminating in the Ming victory over the Mongol horde at the
1227:
1083:
409:
379:
593:
The Cambridge History of China, Volume 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368â1644, Part 1
176:
1268:
307:
291:
283:
104:
62:
294:, which concluded with the surrender of the Uriankhai to the Ming and the
426:
342:
331:
287:
123:
405:
612:
412:) near Wu-ch'ang on 31 August 1388 and was buried outside Nanjing.
310:
into the Uriankhai. They frequently clashed with the Chinese along
1133:
1052:
1047:
616:
180:
591:
Langlois, John D. Jr. (1998). "The Hung-wu reign, 1368â1398".
378:
In July 1387, the Ming army advanced further and crossed the
595:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 157â158.
483:. Seattle: University of Washington Press. pp. 46â47.
543:. Stanford: Stanford University Press. pp. 141â142.
356:
In January 1388, General Feng Sheng led the Ming army to
1352:
1319:
1241:
1200:
1147:
1104:
1061:
971:
857:
766:
660:
651:
541:Early Ming China: A Political History, 1355-1435
330:was commissioned as the Grand General, assigned
32:
586:
584:
582:
580:
1233:Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties
628:
578:
576:
574:
572:
570:
568:
566:
564:
562:
560:
534:
532:
530:
528:
526:
524:
522:
520:
192:
8:
518:
516:
514:
512:
510:
508:
506:
504:
502:
500:
481:Perpetual Happiness: The Ming Emperor Yongle
274:was a 1387 offensive military expedition by
474:
368:fortresses, which served as advance bases.
657:
635:
621:
613:
472:
470:
468:
466:
464:
462:
460:
458:
456:
454:
199:
185:
177:
29:
1388:Wars involving the Northern Yuan dynasty
345:commanded the front army, while General
450:
1184:Collected Statutes of the Ming Dynasty
40:military conquests of the Ming dynasty
27:Offensive military expedition campaign
7:
272:Ming campaign against the Uriankhai
33:Ming campaign against the Uriankhai
314:'s northeastern frontier regions.
286:Mongol horde led by the chieftain
25:
155:50,000 soldiers at the fortresses
139:
1383:Wars involving the Ming dynasty
819:Japanese missions to Ming China
693:Campaign against the Uriankhai
479:Tsai, Shih-shan Henry (2001).
153:150,000 soldiers in the field
18:Ming campaign against Naghachu
1:
753:Campaigns against the Mongols
410:excessive alcohol consumption
1291:Covered jar with carp design
907:Transition from Ming to Qing
1286:Ming presentation porcelain
885:Japanese invasions of Korea
1414:
1148:Compilations and Documents
779:LuchuanâPingmian campaigns
539:Dreyer, Edward L. (1982).
439:Ming dynasty in Inner Asia
397:
84:Ming conquest of Manchuria
1281:Chinese lacquerware table
1043:Embroidered Uniform Guard
804:Prince of Anhua rebellion
400:Manchuria under Ming rule
349:commanded the rear army.
217:
162:
147:
111:
93:
45:
37:
1344:Great Ming Treasure Note
1223:Ming Ancestors Mausoleum
1006:Administrative divisions
809:Prince of Ning rebellion
1163:The Hundred-word Eulogy
829:Great Rites Controversy
683:Ming conquest of Yunnan
278:'s army led by General
1201:Palaces and Mausoleums
1191:Ming Veritable Records
839:Luso-Chinese agreement
322:In December 1386, the
112:Commanders and leaders
1296:Yongning Temple Stele
1033:Imperial Commissioner
758:Reign of Ren and Xuan
718:Ming treasure voyages
708:Dao Ganmeng rebellion
259:Dao Ganmeng rebellion
222:Red Turban Rebellions
895:Sino-Dutch conflicts
794:Rebellion of Cao Qin
723:MingâTurpan conflict
673:Red Turban Rebellion
296:capture of Manchuria
1242:Society and Culture
1177:Yongle Encyclopedia
1016:Imperial Clan Court
959:Kingdom of Tungning
912:Jurchen unification
844:Jiajing wokou raids
733:Battle of Palembang
698:Battle of Buir Lake
421:Battle of Buir Lake
365:Great Wall of China
1091:Military conquests
937:Peasant rebellions
814:Capture of Malacca
789:Defense of Beijing
703:Lin Kuan rebellion
1393:Conflicts in 1387
1370:
1369:
1079:Gunpowder weapons
1038:Grand coordinator
1001:Grand Secretariat
967:
966:
861:(1572–1683)
770:(1435–1572)
738:Battle of Kherlen
688:MingâMong Mao War
678:Wu Mian rebellion
664:(1368–1435)
267:
266:
175:
174:
89:
88:
16:(Redirected from
1405:
1170:Huang-Ming Zuxun
942:Jiashen Incident
932:She-An Rebellion
917:Seven Grievances
890:Donglin movement
875:Bozhou rebellion
862:
771:
748:Lam SÆ¡n uprising
728:MingâÄại Ngu War
713:Jingnan campaign
665:
658:
637:
630:
623:
614:
607:
606:
588:
555:
554:
536:
495:
494:
476:
244:1st Mong Mao War
212:
201:
194:
187:
178:
168:200,000 soldiers
143:
47:
46:
30:
21:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1361:History of Ming
1348:
1315:
1237:
1213:Chaotian Palace
1196:
1156:History of Yuan
1143:
1100:
1057:
963:
863:
860:
853:
849:Single whip law
824:Ningbo incident
799:Miao rebellions
772:
769:
762:
666:
663:
647:
641:
611:
610:
603:
590:
589:
558:
551:
538:
537:
498:
491:
478:
477:
452:
447:
435:
402:
396:
320:
304:
268:
263:
213:
207:
205:
154:
138:Naghachu
135:, Prince of Yan
131:
126:
121:
79:
65:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1411:
1409:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1375:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1337:Yongle Tongbao
1334:
1332:Hongwu Tongbao
1323:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1256:
1251:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1208:Forbidden City
1204:
1202:
1198:
1197:
1195:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1173:
1166:
1159:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1096:Nine Garrisons
1093:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
997:
996:
991:
986:
975:
973:
969:
968:
965:
964:
962:
961:
956:
951:
950:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
904:
903:
902:
892:
887:
882:
880:Ordos campaign
877:
872:
866:
864:
859:
855:
854:
852:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
775:
773:
768:
764:
763:
761:
760:
755:
750:
745:
743:MingâKotte War
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
669:
667:
662:
655:
649:
648:
642:
640:
639:
632:
625:
617:
609:
608:
601:
556:
549:
496:
489:
449:
448:
446:
443:
442:
441:
434:
431:
395:
392:
324:Hongwu Emperor
319:
316:
303:
300:
265:
264:
262:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
231:
230:
229:
218:
215:
214:
210:Hongwu Emperor
206:
204:
203:
196:
189:
181:
173:
172:
169:
165:
164:
160:
159:
156:
150:
149:
148:Units involved
145:
144:
136:
114:
113:
109:
108:
102:
96:
95:
91:
90:
87:
86:
81:
75:
74:
71:
67:
66:
61:
59:
55:
54:
51:
43:
42:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1410:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1345:
1342:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1218:Ming Xiaoling
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1026:Vassal prince
1024:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1011:Eastern Depot
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
981:
980:
977:
976:
974:
970:
960:
957:
955:
954:Southern Ming
952:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
909:
908:
905:
901:
898:
897:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
867:
865:
856:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
776:
774:
765:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
670:
668:
659:
656:
654:
650:
645:
638:
633:
631:
626:
624:
619:
618:
615:
604:
602:9780521243322
598:
594:
587:
585:
583:
581:
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
557:
552:
550:9780804711050
546:
542:
535:
533:
531:
529:
527:
525:
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
513:
511:
509:
507:
505:
503:
501:
497:
492:
490:9780295981093
486:
482:
475:
473:
471:
469:
467:
465:
463:
461:
459:
457:
455:
451:
444:
440:
437:
436:
432:
430:
428:
424:
422:
418:
413:
411:
407:
401:
393:
391:
387:
383:
381:
376:
374:
369:
366:
361:
359:
354:
352:
348:
344:
339:
337:
333:
329:
325:
317:
315:
313:
309:
301:
299:
298:by the Ming.
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
260:
257:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
234:Sichuan (Xia)
232:
228:
225:
224:
223:
220:
219:
216:
211:
202:
197:
195:
190:
188:
183:
182:
179:
170:
167:
166:
161:
157:
152:
151:
146:
142:
137:
134:
130:
125:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
103:
101:
98:
97:
92:
85:
82:
77:
76:
72:
69:
68:
64:
60:
57:
56:
52:
49:
48:
44:
41:
36:
31:
19:
1398:1387 in Asia
1359:
1353:Other topics
1264:Four Masters
1189:
1182:
1175:
1168:
1161:
1154:
994:House of Zhu
947:Shanhai Pass
927:Great Plague
870:Jianzhou war
692:
644:Ming dynasty
592:
540:
480:
425:
417:Toghus Temur
414:
403:
388:
384:
377:
370:
362:
355:
340:
321:
305:
282:against the
271:
269:
248:
208:Wars of the
107:Mongol horde
94:Belligerents
73:Ming victory
38:Part of the
1306:Tai history
989:Family tree
900:Liaoluo Bay
834:Renyin plot
784:Tumu Crisis
78:Territorial
1377:Categories
1274:Zhe School
1228:Ming tombs
1112:Inner Asia
1084:Shenjiying
1074:Great Wall
972:Government
445:References
398:See also:
380:Liao River
328:Feng Sheng
312:Ming China
302:Background
280:Feng Sheng
276:Ming China
119:Feng Sheng
100:Ming China
1269:Wu School
1254:Musicians
1117:Manchuria
1105:Frontiers
423:in 1388.
394:Aftermath
373:Zhen Yong
308:Manchuria
292:Manchuria
284:Uriankhai
254:Buir Lake
249:Uriankhai
105:Uriankhai
63:Manchuria
1320:Currency
1259:Painting
1069:Military
1062:Military
433:See also
427:Zhu Quan
358:Tongzhou
343:Fu Youde
332:Fu Youde
288:Naghachu
163:Strength
127:General
124:Fu Youde
122:General
117:General
58:Location
1327:Coinage
1301:Economy
1129:Vietnam
1021:Princes
979:Emperor
767:Middle
653:History
406:Nanjing
171:unknown
158:unknown
80:changes
1249:Poetry
1139:Yunnan
661:Early
646:topics
599:
547:
487:
351:Zhu Di
347:Lan Yu
336:Lan Yu
318:Course
239:Yunnan
227:Poyang
133:Zhu Di
129:Lan Yu
70:Result
1311:Islam
1134:Wokou
1122:Tibet
1053:Fotou
922:Sarhū
858:Late
1048:Tusi
984:List
597:ISBN
545:ISBN
485:ISBN
334:and
270:The
53:1387
50:Date
290:in
1379::
559:^
499:^
453:^
636:e
629:t
622:v
605:.
553:.
493:.
200:e
193:t
186:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
