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Under the will to develop the protection to civil rights and improve the democratic control of the
Government, however, the Constitution created a new system, advancing from the old theory of tripartition, bringing the Essential Offices to the Justice (articles 127 to 135). These Offices included the
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or public officials. They are also in charge of supervising police work and police investigations. The power prosecutors have to conduct criminal investigations is controversial and, although judges, prosecutors and the general population favor it generally, it is being contested before the
Supreme
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The main job of prosecutors in Brazil is to uphold justice. As such, it is their duty to bring criminal charges and try criminal cases, but also to request acquittal of charges if during a trial they become convinced of a defendant's innocence. Prosecutors have the last word on whether criminal
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The several State Public
Ministries are not divided in branches, but their prosecutor can be specialized in specific subjects. The exception are the few states with an Appeal Military State Court, as they have Military State Prosecutors in an independent branch.
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to bring action against private individuals, commercial enterprises and the Union, state, Federal
District, and the municipal governments, in the defense of minorities, the environment, consumers and the civil society in general.
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Brazilian
Judiciary System is divided not only regionally, but also by the subject of discuss. As such, the Brazilian Public Ministry is divided in 5 branches, designed to match the Judiciary Division. The branches are:
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Ministério Público do
Distrito Federal e dos Territórios (Federal District and the Territories Public Ministry) in charge of justice in the Federal District and in the territories of the Union. Since the 1988
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was put in charge of the intern control of the Public
Administration, policing the acts of the Government, such as the legal representation of the nation in intern and international issues; and the
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Ministério Público
Federal (Federal Public Ministry), in charge of crimes judged by federal courts and federal civil activities. One can say this branch is the "default branch".
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and the attorneyship itself, which remained private. Although, the new
Constitution established a new division of responsibilities, which can be synthesized as the following:
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A nova classificação de funções essenciais para uma democracia eletiva e seletiva pós-moderna. In: Advocacia Pública
Federal: Afirmação como Função Essencial à Justiça
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There are three levels of public prosecutors, according to the jurisdiction of the courts before which they perform their duties. There are the federal prosecutors (
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Although the law allows prosecutors to conduct criminal investigations, they only do so in major cases, usually where there has been wrongdoing involving the
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charges are filed, except in those rare cases in which Brazilian law permits civil prosecution. In those cases, the prosecutor acts as
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and the Public Prosecutor's Office itself, each one of them an independent body. In addition to that, the new Constitution created the
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Ministério Público Eleitoral (Electoral Public Ministry) is a mixed branch, composed by both Federal and State Prosecutors.
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Federal Court. In addition to prosecuting crimes, Brazilian prosecutors are also authorized, among others, by the
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Ministério Público do Trabalho (Labour Public Ministry) in charge of keeping and supervising Labour Laws
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Ministério Público Militar (Military Public Ministry) in charge of prosecuting military from the 3
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It is also mandatory that a Prosecutor to be part of litigation related to underage minors.
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divides the functions of the Public Prosecutor's Office into three different bodies: the
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355:. At the state level, the body usually has three divisions: deputy state prosecutors (
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was put in charge of the defense of society in criminal and civil issues; the
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Head office of the Prosecutor General of the Brazilian Republic.
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http://www.mpu.mp.br/navegacao/institucional/sobre%20o%20MPU
603:"Dimensões Constitucionais da Defensoria Pública da União"
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and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
584:"Temer: Ministério Público é quarto Poder da República"
315:) who bring cases before judges in lower courts; the
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Federal District and the Territories Public Ministry
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152:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
657:"Estrutura do MPE — Procuradoria-Geral Eleitoral"
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619:MOREIRA NETO, Diogo de Figueiredo (2016).
485:Branches of the Brazilian Public Ministry
212:Learn how and when to remove this message
110:Learn how and when to remove this message
504:in their criminal misdoing during duties
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161:"Public Prosecutor's Office" Brazil
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7:
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335:Subprocuradores Gerais da República
323:Procuradores Regionais da República
236:Old building of Public Ministry in
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561:(in Portuguese). Archived from
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