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Mission Vieja

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140: 165: 29: 286:, founded Mission Vieja, the original Mission San Gabriel Arcangel, on September 8, 1771; the location is today near the intersection of San Gabriel Boulevard and the Rio Hondo River. The establishment of the mission marked the beginning of the Los Angeles region's settlement by Spaniards and the fourth of twenty-one missions ultimately established along California's 147: 324:
in California was on July 28, 1769, at the future site of the Mission Vieja. The earthquake was recorded by members the Portolá Spanish expedition charting a land route from San Diego to Monterey. Ship captains in California and other explorers also documented earthquakes. Based on the records the
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NO. 161 SITE OF MISSION VIEJA – 'Mission Vieja,' Old Mission, was the name given to the first buildings erected, and later abandoned, by the fathers for Mission San Gabriel Arcángel. The permanent buildings for the mission were located about five miles
290:. The mission did well initially as a farm and cattle ranch. Six years after its founding, however, a destructive flood in 1776 led the mission fathers to relocate the mission five miles north, to its current location in what is the present day 393:
A Description of Distant Roads: Original Journals of the First Expedition into California, 1769-177o, by Juan Crespí and edited and translated by Alan K. Brown, published by San Diego State University Press,
309:. The Juan Matias Sanchez Adobe, built in 1844, still stands at the center of old Rancho la Merced in East Montebello. Recently restored, Rancho la Merced is the Montebello's oldest standing structure. 139: 1995: 354: 173: 2015: 369: 2933: 325:
earthquake was moderate to strong earthquake. Some expedition diaries noted it as violent, and over a few days, aftershocks. The next large quake on this fault was the
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During the early years of the mission's existence, the region operated under a "Rancho" land grant system. The current city of Montebello consists of land from
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recorded the expedition. In 1771 the fathers of Pedro Cambon and the fathers of Angel Somera, with a decree from Governor
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c. 1900, built after Misión Vieja flood of 1776. The trail in the foreground is part of the original
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picked the spot for Mission Vieja because water was available at what is now called the
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Law of coartación (which allowed slaves to buy their freedom, and that of others)
468:"Remnant Landscapes at Mision Vieja (Old Mission), South El Monte and Montebello" 1819: 1809: 1645: 1214: 283: 255: 2683: 1417: 1087: 697: 321: 72: 59: 1650: 1407: 1307: 984: 918: 537: 278:
from the waters of the Whittier Narrows. The building had around it a weak
203:. Mission Vieja was built in 1771 by what would become the fathers of the 1824: 934: 702: 279: 219:
Bell. Mission Vieja was the first building in the San Gabriel Valley and
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Location of Mission Vieja in the Los Angeles metropolitan area
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fence. Father Angel Somera and Father Pedro Cambon, both
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Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northernmost France
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California Historical Landmarks in Los Angeles County
450:"La Misión Vieja: The Center of Greater Los Angeles" 2671: 2565: 2558: 2443: 2292: 2285: 2278: 2175: 2044: 1968: 1912: 1833: 1790: 1679: 1601: 1543: 1505: 1441: 1400: 1364: 117: 109: 100: 88: 51: 41: 21: 270:. The first building was 45 by 18 feet made of 238:. The place for Mission Vieja was found in the 1140:, a northernmost portion of Brazilian Amazon) 621: 36:, location of Mission Vieja from 1771 to 1776 8: 815:Independence of Spanish continental Americas 2879: 2774: 2562: 2289: 2282: 1909: 1898: 1787: 1776: 1502: 1491: 1361: 1350: 1318: 1255: 1192: 1107: 1030: 970: 884: 873: 644: 628: 614: 606: 207:. The Mission Vieja site was designated a 27: 18: 2934:Colonial universities in Hispanic America 370:Ranchos of Los Angeles County, California 2939:Colonial universities in the Philippines 1930:Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia 386: 3023:1771 establishments in Alta California 488:. City of Montebello. October 19, 1920 215:. The site has a plaque marker and an 596:www.californiahistoricallandmarks.com 592:"CHL # 161 Mission Vieja Los Angeles" 146: 116: 108: 99: 73:34.0308805555556°N 118.073227777778°W 7: 1211:Captaincy General of the Philippines 703:New Laws in favour of the indigenous 258:, set out to build a mission in the 2914:Indochristian painting in New Spain 580:earthquakeauthority.com/ Earthquake 78:34.0308805555556; -118.073227777778 1881:Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires 14: 855:Independence of Equatorial Guinea 274:and wood. The roof was made with 195:or the Old Mission was the first 2966:Criollos in the colonial society 2894:Spanish missions in the Americas 2016:Charles Bonaventure de Longueval 562:. City of Montebello. 1920-10-19 327:1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake 145: 138: 3018:California Historical Landmarks 2993:Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649 512:California Historical Landmarks 434:Zorro, El (December 21, 2012). 419:Zorro, El (February 19, 2010). 3033:Spanish missions in California 1045:Captaincy General of Guatemala 753:Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) 360:Spanish missions in California 103:California Historical Landmark 1: 2944:General Archive of the Indies 2205:Francisco Vázquez de Coronado 1876:Camino Real de Tierra Adentro 1861:Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas 810:Third Treaty of San Ildefonso 763:War of the Spanish Succession 728:Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) 1016:Captaincy General of Yucatan 946:Union with Holy Roman Empire 925:Southern Italy (Kingdoms of 840:German–Spanish Treaty (1899) 266:, in what is now called the 209:California Historic Landmark 205:Mission San Gabriel Arcángel 177:Mission San Gabriel Arcángel 16:California historic landmark 1496:Administrative subdivisions 693:War of the League of Cognac 404:Zorro, El (March 4, 2010). 337:Marker on the site reads: 3049: 2210:Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar 2195:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada 2097:Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca 995:), Western United States ( 758:Portuguese Restoration War 365:List of California Ranchos 2978:Slavery in Spanish Empire 2889: 2878: 2784: 2773: 2265:Pere d'Alberní i Teixidor 2006:Álvaro de Bazán the Elder 1908: 1897: 1866:Barcelona Trading Company 1786: 1775: 1631:New Andalusia (1501–1513) 1501: 1490: 1360: 1349: 1328: 1265: 1206: 1138:Venezuela, part of Guyana 1117: 1040: 991:, Central United States ( 980: 894: 883: 872: 723:Bruneian–Spanish conflict 708:Expulsion of the Moriscos 654: 643: 133: 129: 125: 96: 26: 2919:Quito painting tradition 2909:Cusco painting tradition 2270:García López de Cárdenas 2260:Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera 2167:Felipe González de Ahedo 2087:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés 664:Conquest of the Americas 454:misionvieja.blogspot.com 2704:Comuneros (New Granada) 2481:Balearic Islands (1558) 2200:Hernán Pérez de Quesada 2127:Ruy López de Villalobos 2082:Miguel López de Legazpi 1996:García de Toledo Osorio 860:Western Sahara conflict 850:Independence of Morocco 790:Treaty of Madrid (1750) 733:Piracy in the Caribbean 718:French Wars of Religion 534:"Ranchos of California" 284:Franciscan missionaries 242:in the summer of 1769. 3028:Montebello, California 2949:Colonial Spanish Horse 2623:Colonia del Sacramento 1846:Spanish treasure fleet 1423:Royal Decree of Graces 317:The earliest reported 307:Rancho Paso de Bartolo 213:Montebello, California 184: 169: 46:Montebello, California 2107:Vasco Núñez de Balboa 2067:Juan Sebastián Elcano 1382:Council of the Indies 743:Spanish–Moro conflict 713:Ottoman–Habsburg wars 673:Treaty of Tordesillas 240:expedition of Portolá 175: 167: 2904:Mesoamerican Codices 2628:Comuneros (Paraguay) 2466:Siege of Castelnuovo 2052:Christopher Columbus 1871:Consulate of the Sea 1851:Casa de Contratación 1442:Titles and positions 835:Spanish–American War 825:Liberal constitution 668:Asia and the Pacific 375:Rancho Mission Viejo 2633:Cartagena de Indias 2255:Diego de Mazariegos 2225:Pere Fages i Beleta 2092:Sebastián de Ocampo 1573:Provincias Internas 1545:Captaincies General 1459:Municipal president 1428:School of Salamanca 1199:Spanish East Indies 1178:Misiones Orientales 1050:Spanish West Indies 1014:, Central America ( 961:Pyrénées-Orientales 914:Union with Portugal 805:Napoleonic invasion 785:War of Jenkins' Ear 474:. October 23, 2018. 292:City of San Gabriel 168:El Camino Real bell 69: /  2929:Academia Antártica 2884:Other civil topics 2250:Pánfilo de Narváez 2152:Sebastián Vizcaíno 2117:Andrés de Urdaneta 2077:Juan Ponce de León 2062:Ferdinand Magellan 2036:Bernardo de Gálvez 1935:Indian auxiliaries 1433:Trial of residence 1413:Laws of the Indies 1197:Asia and Oceania ( 1058:Dominican Republic 472:The Homestead Blog 299:Rancho San Antonio 252:Father Juan Crespí 232:Father Juan Crespí 221:Los Angeles County 201:San Gabriel Valley 185: 170: 118:Reference no. 3005: 3004: 3001: 3000: 2874: 2873: 2779:Spanish conquests 2769: 2768: 2765: 2764: 2761: 2760: 2757: 2756: 2554: 2553: 2235:Pedro de Alvarado 2220:Gaspar de Portolà 2215:Pedro de Valdivia 2190:Francisco Pizarro 2142:Nicolás de Ovando 2137:Alonso de Ercilla 2112:Alonso de Salazar 1945:Ships of the line 1893: 1892: 1889: 1888: 1771: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1486: 1485: 1482: 1481: 1345: 1344: 1341: 1340: 1317: 1316: 1274:Northern Africa ( 1270:Equatorial Guinea 1254: 1253: 1191: 1190: 1106: 1105: 1029: 1028: 1020:Spanish Caribbean 993:Spanish Louisiana 969: 968: 904:Crown of Castille 868: 867: 845:Spanish Civil War 820:Adams–Onís Treaty 800:Nootka Convention 748:Thirty Years' War 738:Eighty Years' War 659:Catholic Monarchs 649:Timeline–immersed 540:on April 26, 2012 319:San Andreas Fault 268:Los Angeles Basin 244:Gaspar de Portolá 162: 161: 3040: 2880: 2846:Chibchan Nations 2775: 2744:Santiago de Cuba 2603:Guadalupe Island 2563: 2290: 2283: 2245:Diego de Almagro 2122:Antonio de Ulloa 2026:Ambrosio Spinola 2021:Pedro de Zubiaur 1991:Alfonso d'Avalos 1981:Antonio de Leyva 1925:Army of Flanders 1910: 1899: 1788: 1777: 1503: 1492: 1362: 1351: 1319: 1292:Peñón of Algiers 1256: 1193: 1108: 1031: 1013: 971: 885: 874: 795:Seven Years' War 768:Queen Anne's War 645: 630: 623: 616: 607: 600: 599: 588: 582: 577: 571: 570: 568: 567: 556: 550: 549: 547: 545: 536:. Archived from 530: 524: 523: 521: 519: 504: 498: 497: 495: 493: 482: 476: 475: 464: 458: 457: 446: 440: 439: 431: 425: 424: 416: 410: 409: 401: 395: 391: 303:Rancho La Merced 236:Whittier Narrows 149: 148: 142: 84: 83: 81: 80: 79: 74: 70: 67: 66: 65: 62: 34:Whittier Narrows 31: 19: 3048: 3047: 3043: 3042: 3041: 3039: 3038: 3037: 3008: 3007: 3006: 2997: 2973:Old inquisition 2885: 2870: 2780: 2753: 2709:Trinidad (1797) 2679:La Noche Triste 2667: 2663:San Juan (1797) 2613:San Juan (1595) 2550: 2439: 2279:Notable battles 2274: 2240:Martín de Ursúa 2171: 2102:Alonso de Ojeda 2072:Juan de la Cosa 2057:Pinzón brothers 2040: 2011:John of Austria 1986:Martín de Goiti 1964: 1904: 1885: 1829: 1782: 1763: 1675: 1671:Terra Australis 1666:Río de la Plata 1611:Castilla de Oro 1597: 1539: 1535:Río de la Plata 1497: 1478: 1437: 1396: 1392:Santa Hermandad 1356: 1337: 1333:Terra Australis 1324: 1313: 1280:Spanish Morocco 1261: 1250: 1241:Northern Taiwan 1202: 1187: 1158:Río de la Plata 1113: 1102: 1036: 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2391: 2388: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2366: 2363: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2326: 2323: 2321: 2318: 2316: 2313: 2311: 2308: 2306: 2303: 2301: 2298: 2297: 2295: 2291: 2288: 2284: 2281: 2277: 2271: 2268: 2266: 2263: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2251: 2248: 2246: 2243: 2241: 2238: 2236: 2233: 2231: 2228: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2185:Hernán Cortés 2183: 2182: 2180: 2178: 2177:Conquistadors 2174: 2168: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2148: 2147:Juan de Ayala 2145: 2143: 2140: 2138: 2135: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2103: 2100: 2098: 2095: 2093: 2090: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2050: 2049: 2047: 2043: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2027: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2014: 2012: 2009: 2007: 2004: 2002: 2001:Duke of Savoy 1999: 1997: 1994: 1992: 1989: 1987: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1974: 1973: 1971: 1967: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1917: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1900: 1896: 1882: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1838: 1836: 1832: 1826: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1811: 1808: 1806: 1803: 1801: 1800:Dollar (Peso) 1798: 1797: 1795: 1793: 1789: 1785: 1778: 1774: 1760: 1759:Santo Domingo 1757: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1686: 1684: 1682: 1678: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1649: 1647: 1644: 1642: 1639: 1637: 1636:New Andalusia 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1608: 1606: 1604: 1600: 1594: 1591: 1589: 1586: 1584: 1583:Santo Domingo 1581: 1579: 1576: 1574: 1571: 1569: 1566: 1564: 1561: 1559: 1556: 1554: 1551: 1550: 1548: 1546: 1542: 1536: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1526: 1523: 1521: 1518: 1516: 1513: 1512: 1510: 1508: 1507:Viceroyalties 1504: 1500: 1493: 1489: 1475: 1472: 1470: 1467: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1457: 1455: 1452: 1450: 1447: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1434: 1431: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1405: 1403: 1399: 1393: 1390: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1378: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1369: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1352: 1348: 1334: 1331: 1330: 1327: 1320: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1271: 1268: 1267: 1264: 1257: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1216: 1212: 1209: 1208: 1205: 1200: 1194: 1183: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1156: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1142: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1120: 1119: 1116: 1112:South America 1109: 1099: 1096: 1094: 1091: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1074: 1071: 1069: 1066: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1048: 1046: 1043: 1042: 1039: 1032: 1021: 1017: 1011: 1006: 1002: 998: 997:Spanish Texas 994: 990: 986: 983: 982: 979: 975:North America 972: 962: 959: 957: 956:Franche-Comté 954: 952: 949: 947: 944: 942: 939: 936: 932: 928: 924: 920: 917: 915: 912: 910: 907: 905: 902: 901: 900: 897: 896: 893: 886: 882: 875: 871: 861: 858: 856: 853: 851: 848: 846: 843: 841: 838: 836: 833: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 801: 798: 796: 793: 791: 788: 786: 783: 781: 778: 776: 773: 769: 766: 765: 764: 761: 759: 756: 754: 751: 749: 746: 744: 741: 739: 736: 734: 731: 729: 726: 724: 721: 719: 716: 714: 711: 709: 706: 704: 701: 699: 696: 694: 691: 689: 686: 684: 681: 679: 676: 674: 671: 669: 665: 662: 660: 657: 656: 653: 646: 642: 638: 631: 626: 624: 619: 617: 612: 611: 608: 597: 593: 587: 584: 581: 576: 573: 561: 555: 552: 539: 535: 529: 526: 513: 509: 508:"Los Angeles" 503: 500: 487: 481: 478: 473: 469: 463: 460: 455: 451: 445: 442: 437: 430: 427: 422: 415: 412: 407: 400: 397: 390: 387: 380: 376: 373: 371: 368: 366: 363: 361: 358: 356: 353: 352: 348: 344: 340: 339: 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Retrieved 554: 542:. Retrieved 538:the original 528: 516:. Retrieved 511: 502: 490:. Retrieved 480: 471: 462: 453: 444: 429: 414: 399: 389: 341: 336: 316: 296: 230: 193:Misión Vieja 192: 188: 186: 2866:Philippines 2831:El Salvador 2451:Capo d'Orso 2335:St. Quentin 2310:Rome (1527) 1969:Strategists 1719:Guadalajara 1646:New Navarre 1641:New Castile 1626:La Luisiana 1578:Puerto Rico 1568:Philippines 1525:New Granada 1215:Philippines 1176:(Uruguay), 1172:(Bolivia), 1122:New Granada 1062:Puerto Rico 1008: [ 878:Territories 698:Encomiendas 256:Pedro Fages 76: / 64:118°04′24″W 52:Coordinates 3012:Categories 2536:Somosierra 2526:Manila Bay 2400:Nördlingen 2340:Gravelines 1820:Columnario 1792:Currencies 1709:Concepción 1681:Audiencias 1656:New Toledo 1621:La Florida 1454:Corregidor 1418:Papal bull 1323:Antarctica 1231:Micronesia 688:Golden Age 566:2013-03-26 544:January 4, 381:References 322:earthquake 276:tule reeds 110:Designated 61:34°01′51″N 2841:Nicaragua 2819:Guatemala 2729:Pichincha 2714:Chacabuco 2653:Pensacola 2598:Mataquito 2578:Cajamarca 2559:New World 2531:Trafalgar 2435:Alhucemas 2315:Landriano 2300:Comuneros 2286:Old World 2230:Joan Orpí 1950:Royalists 1724:Guatemala 1651:New Spain 1588:Venezuela 1563:Guatemala 1520:New Spain 1515:Columbian 1408:Exequatur 1308:Cape Juby 1162:Argentina 985:New Spain 919:Gibraltar 683:Habsburgs 560:"History" 492:August 3, 486:"History" 2851:Colombia 2836:Honduras 2749:Asomante 2734:Ayacucho 2724:Carabobo 2699:Curalaba 2476:Ceresole 2370:Gembloux 2330:Mühlberg 2045:Mariners 1903:Military 1825:Doubloon 1810:Maravedí 1754:Santiago 1661:Paraguay 1387:Germania 1227:Caroline 1182:Malvinas 1166:Paraguay 1126:Colombia 1068:Trinidad 935:Sardinia 775:Bourbons 518:July 30, 349:See also 343:distant. 280:Palisade 42:Location 2983:Asiento 2954:Mustang 2814:Yucatán 2809:Chiapas 2689:Tucapel 2521:Passaro 2471:Algiers 2461:Preveza 2430:Tetouan 2425:Vitoria 2415:Bitonto 2355:Antwerp 2350:Lepanto 2305:Bicocca 1781:Economy 1704:Charcas 1699:Caracas 1593:Yucatán 1464:Regidor 1449:Alcalde 1377:Cabildo 1284:Tripoli 1223:Mariana 1170:Charcas 1146:(Peru, 1130:Ecuador 1093:Bonaire 1088:Curazao 1073:Jamaica 1001:Florida 227:History 199:in the 2961:Castas 2719:Boyacá 2694:Guiana 2684:Iguape 2608:Recife 2546:Mactan 2541:Annual 2506:Rocroi 2501:Leiden 2486:Djerba 2420:Bailén 2375:Ostend 2360:Azores 1955:Legión 1920:Tercio 1913:Armies 1815:Escudo 1744:Panamá 1739:Mexico 1734:Manila 1689:Bogotá 1474:Vecino 1469:Syndic 1300:Béjaïa 1260:Africa 1246:Tidore 1134:Panama 1098:Belize 1005:Mexico 931:Sicily 927:Naples 889:Europe 333:Marker 305:, and 2856:Chile 2824:Petén 2799:Aztec 2618:Bahia 2593:Penco 2583:Cusco 2511:Downs 2491:Tunis 2410:Ceuta 2395:Breda 2345:Malta 2325:Tunis 2320:Pavia 1834:Trade 1749:Quito 1714:Cusco 1553:Chile 1288:Tunis 1235:Palau 1152:Chile 1083:Aruba 1078:Haiti 1012:] 941:Milan 899:Spain 394:2001. 272:adobe 89:Built 2861:Inca 2804:Maya 2739:Guam 2672:Lost 2444:Lost 2365:Mons 1805:Real 1729:Lima 1616:Cuba 1558:Cuba 1530:Perú 1306:and 1304:Ifni 1296:Oran 1219:Guam 1148:Acre 1144:Peru 1054:Cuba 933:and 546:2012 520:2007 494:2010 250:and 187:The 92:1771 2566:Won 2293:Won 1401:Law 1298:, 1018:), 999:), 262:of 223:. 191:or 121:161 3014:: 1302:, 1294:, 1290:, 1286:, 1282:, 1278:, 1233:, 1229:, 1225:, 1221:, 1217:, 1180:, 1168:, 1164:, 1150:, 1136:, 1132:, 1128:, 1060:, 1056:, 1010:es 1003:, 929:, 666:, 594:. 510:. 470:. 452:. 329:. 301:, 294:. 246:, 1310:) 1237:) 1213:( 1201:) 1184:) 1160:( 1154:) 1124:( 1064:) 1052:( 1022:) 987:( 937:) 629:e 622:t 615:v 598:. 569:. 548:. 522:. 496:. 456:. 438:. 423:. 408:. 183:.

Index


Whittier Narrows
Montebello, California
34°01′51″N 118°04′24″W / 34.0308805555556°N 118.073227777778°W / 34.0308805555556; -118.073227777778
California Historical Landmark
Mission Vieja is located in the Los Angeles metropolitan area


Mission San Gabriel Arcángel
El Camino Real
Spanish mission
San Gabriel Valley
Mission San Gabriel Arcángel
California Historic Landmark
Montebello, California
El Camino Real
Los Angeles County
Father Juan Crespí
Whittier Narrows
expedition of Portolá
Gaspar de Portolá
Miguel Costansó
Father Juan Crespí
Pedro Fages
Spanish Empire
Alta California
Los Angeles Basin
adobe
tule reeds
Palisade

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