Missing person - Knowledge

916:"caretaker missing children (reported and not reported)" was around 1.3 million, with about 800 thousand missing children estimated to have been reported. The 1,300,000 number is further broken down into approximately 33,000 non-familial abductions, 117,000 familial abductions, 629,000 runaway/thrownaway cases, 198,000 lost/injured, and 375,000 "benign explanations". By the time the study data were collected, 99.8% of 1.3 million caretaker missing children had been returned home alive or located. Only 0.2% percent or 2,500 had not, the vast majority of which were runaways from institutions. Furthermore, only an estimated 115 of 33,000 non-familial abductions were stereotypical kidnappings, involving a stranger or slight acquaintance, who holds the child for ransom, abducts with intent to kill or keep permanently. Data in the study was derived from a Law Enforcement Study, National Household Surveys of both Adult Caretakers and Youth (telephone interviews) and a Juvenile Facilities Study. The estimated number of 800,000 missing children reports has been widely circulated in the popular press. 676: 534: 931:, maintains its own "Missing Person File" to which local police report people for whom they are searching. The NCIC "Missing Person File" does have a category that is entitled "Juvenile" or "EMJ" (for: Enter Missing Person – Juvenile), but that category does not reflect the total number of all juveniles reported missing to the NCIC, for whom local police are searching. The NCIC also uses its own classification criteria; it does not use the above NISMART definitions of what constitutes a missing child. The NCIC data is limited to individuals who have been reported to the NCIC as missing, and are being searched for, by local police. In addition, the EMJ category does not contain all reports of juveniles who have been reported missing to the NCIC. 52: 974:. The hotline was an initiative pushed for by Missing Children Europe, the European federation for missing and sexually exploited children. The Council of Europe estimates that about one in five children in Europe are victims of some form of sexual violence. In 70% to 85% of cases, the abuser is somebody the child knows and trusts. Child sexual violence can take many forms: sexual abuse within the family circle, child pornography and prostitution, corruption, solicitation via Internet and sexual assault by peers. In some of the cases, with no other available option, children flee their homes and care institutions, in search of a better and safer life. 905:–2 study (covering children missing in year 1999). AMBER Alerts are reserved for confirmed abductions, where the child is at risk of serious injury or death. In 2018, 161 such alerts were issued, concerning 203 children. Of those 161 cases, 23 were found to be hoaxes or unfounded (minor was not missing), 92 were familial abductions, 38 were non-familial abductions and remaining 8 were runaways, lost, injured or unclassified. As of early 2019, 11 children were still missing and 7 were found deceased, with remaining children having been recovered. Notably, even though all states have operational AMBER program, 16 did not issue any alerts in 2018. 429: 730:

cases involved EU citizens, except for 44 resolved, and 2,565 non-EU citizens, except for 264 resolved. As of October 1, 2017, a total of 1,300 people were reported missing in Austria: 349 were women, 198 of whom were minors; 951 were male, of whom 597 were minors. The number of EU citizens who were stored in the EKIS as missing was between 400 and 500 at all times mentioned in 2015 to 2017. In 2017, 10,000 missing person reports were filed in Austria. As of May 1, 2018, 1,267 people had been reported missing, including 746 children and young people. Only 505 came from EU countries.

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physical safety may be in danger" (15,163 under age 21). The total missing person records entered into NCIC were 661,593 in 2012, 678,860 in 2011 (550,424 of whom were under 21), 692,944 in 2010 (531,928 of whom were under 18, and 565,692 of whom were under 21), and 719,558 in 2009. A total of 630,990 records were cleared or canceled during 2013. At end-of-year 2013, NCIC had 84,136 still-active missing person records, with 33,849 (40.2%) being of juveniles under 18, and 9,706 (11.5%) being of juveniles between 18 and 20.

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a non-custodial parent can be enough to qualify as an abduction. During the year 1999 in the United States, there were an estimated 800,000 reported missing children cases. Of these, 203,900 children were reported as the victims of family abductions and 58,200 of non-family abductions. However, only 115 were the result of "stereotypical" kidnaps (by someone unknown or of slight acquaintance to the child, taking them a long distance with intent to murder or to hold them permanently or for ransom).

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year. Child trafficking occurs in virtually all countries in Europe. There is no clear-cut distinction between countries of origin and destination in Europe. Trafficking in children has been perceived mainly in connection with sexual exploitation, but the reality is much more complex. Children in Europe are also trafficked for exploitation through labor, domestic servitude, begging, criminal activities and other exploitative purposes.

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The cantonal police are responsible for reports of disappearances, which do not have specialized sections on the matter. The complaint can be filed one year after an event that can be linked to a danger to life or five years after the last sign of life of the interested person. If the person found by

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The founder of Jamaica's Hear the Children's Cry, child-rights advocate Betty Ann Blaine, asked the government to introduce missing-children legislation in Jamaica. She said in May 2015: "Jamaica is facing a crisis of missing children. Every single month, we have approximately 150 reports of children

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of children by strangers; however these instances are rare. In most parts of the world, criminal abductions make up only a small percentage of missing person cases and, in turn, most of these abductions are by someone who knows the child (such as a non-custodial parent). A child staying too long with

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from 2002 comprehensively described missing children cases for year 1999. The study considered a child missing when the child's whereabouts were unknown to the primary caretaker, with the result that the caretaker was alarmed for at least 1 hour and tried to locate the child. The estimated number of

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Austria has a competence center for missing persons. The police records the missing person's data, which is stored in the Austrian Search System (EKIS) and (automatically) in the Schengen Information System (SIS). In 2016, a total of 8,887 cases were processed and stored in the EKIS. Of these, 6,322

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who "have a proven physical or mental disability ... are missing under circumstances indicating that they may be in physical danger ... are missing after a catastrophe ... are missing under circumstances indicating their disappearance may not have been voluntary". In 2013, the NCIC entered 445,214

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In the report, UNICEF also warns that there is a dramatic absence of harmonized and systematic data collection, analysis and dissemination at all levels without which countries lack important evidence that informs national policies and responses. Missing Children Europe, the European federation for

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Criminal networks are heavily involved with human trafficking to the EU and this includes also exploitation of minors as manpower in the sex trade and other criminal activities. According to a 2007 UNICEF report on Child Trafficking in Europe, 2 million children are being trafficked in Europe every

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Of the children under age 18, a total of 4,883 reports were classified as "missing under circumstances indicating that the disappearance may not have been voluntary, i.e., abduction or kidnapping" (9,572 under age 21), and an additional 9,617 as "missing under circumstances indicating that his/her

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A relatively large number of people are lost in Switzerland due to accidents in alpine sports. In the event of melting glaciers, the police have issued instructions on how to deal with the bodies: photograph the finds, mark them, write down the coordinates and, if there is a risk that the finds or

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strives to clarify the fate and whereabouts of missing persons when loss of contact is due to armed conflict or other situations of violence; natural or man-made disaster; migration and in other situations of humanitarian need. It is also supporting the families of missing persons to rebuild their

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Of the 50–60% of child runaways reported by the 116 000 European missing children hotline network, one in six are assumed to rough sleep on the run, one in eight resort to stealing to survive and one in four children are at serious risk of some form of abuse. The number of rough sleeping children

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In January 2019, 1037 people were recorded as missing in the EKIS, in January 2020 884 people. Between 2016 and 2019, 85 percent of missing persons cases were resolved within a week, 95 percent within a month, 97 percent within six months and 98 percent within a year. In 2019, the KAP published a

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Among exploiters taking advantage of the children, are sometimes their own relatives who gain benefit in the form of social or family allowances. According to research done by Frontex, some types of threats faced by unaccompanied migrant minors include sexual exploitation in terms of pornography,

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and Alexis Patterson as an example—when Smart, a young affluent Caucasian girl from Utah, went missing, the media coverage was worldwide. After several months of searching, she was found alive. In comparison, when Patterson, a young black girl from Wisconsin, went missing, she received only local

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is that a person must be absent for at least 24 hours before being legally classed as missing, but this is rarely the case. Law enforcement agencies often stress that the case should be reported as early as possible. In fact, it is extremely crucial to report a missing person as soon as possible.

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Police search and emergency room costs are usually charged in part or in full to the applicants. Helicopter searches are particularly expensive. The insurance covers the costs if the situation was not caused by gross negligence, if there is a risk of death and if there is a reasonable chance of

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The British Asylum Screening Unit estimated that 60% of the unaccompanied minors accommodated in social care centres in the UK go missing and are not found again. In the UK these open centres, from where minors are able to call their traffickers, act as 'human markets' for the facilitators and

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reported that of the children who go missing worldwide, "while usually the child is found quickly the ordeal can sometimes last months, even years." The issue of child disappearances is increasingly recognized as a concern for national and international policy makers especially in cross border

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women receive three and a half times less coverage than white women. Their articles were found to be shorter and less detailed—with an average word count for white women of 713 compared to 518 for Aboriginal women—and less likely to be front-page news. Depictions of the Aboriginals were also

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response when a white individual goes missing and when a black individual goes missing has been observed. According to Seong-Jae Min & John C. Feaster, throughout history the news media has provided white individuals, particularly affluent women, more comprehensive news coverage than

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In the 1970s and 1980s, almost all South American countries were ruled for a long time by right-wing military dictatorships. Most of them violently suppressed the opposition, usually with the secret kidnapping of unwanted people by unnamed members of the security forces.

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By contrast, some missing person cases remain unresolved for many years. Laws related to these cases are often complex since, in many jurisdictions, relatives and third parties may not deal with a person's assets until their death is considered proven by law and a formal

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in Greece. Some missing person cases are given wide media coverage, with the searchers turning to the public for assistance. The persons' photographs may be displayed on bulletin boards, milk cartons, postcards, websites and social media to publicize their description.

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This is in order to take immediate action in the vital first 48 hours after a person is declared missing. In these 48 hours, the police will be able to interview any eyewitness and get any suspect descriptions while it is still fresh in their minds. In most

1381:"NISMART National Non-Family Abduction Report October 2002 (A study commissioned by the US Department of Justice, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention found that there were only approximately 115 stereotypical stranger abductions in 1999)" 450:: Disappearances of migrant children, nationals of a country in which there is no free movement of persons, under the age of 18 who have been separated from both parents and are not being cared for by an adult, who by law is responsible for doing so. 908: 986:

and drug abuse leading to depression. Runaways are 9 times likelier to have suicidal tendencies than other children. The Children's Society published a report in 2011 on recommendations to the government to keep child runaways safe.

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Over 305,000 people were reported missing in Australia from 2008 to 2015, which is estimated to be one person reported missing every 18 minutes. Around 38,159 missing person reports are made on average every year in Australia.

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People disappear for many reasons. Some individuals choose to disappear, for others disappearance is inadvertent (e.g. getting lost) or it is imposed on them (abduction/imprisonment). Reasons for disappearance may include:

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for the search of missing boy Odin Andre Hagen Jacobsen who has been missing since 18th November 2018. The people protest to demand from the police to strengthen their efforts and for the media to give the case more

939:"EMJ" reports (440,625 in the EMJ category under the age of 18; but 462,567 under the age of 18 in all categories, and 494,372 under the age of 21 in all categories), and NCIC's total reports numbered 627,911. 700:

traffickers who generally collect their prey within 24 hours of arrival in the UK. According to the CIA out of the 800,000 people trafficked annually across national borders in the world, up to 50% are minors.

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In most countries, the police are the default agency for leading an investigation into a missing person case. Disappearances at sea are a general exception, as these require a specialized agency such as a

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A number of organizations seek to connect, share best practices, and disseminate information and images of missing children to improve the effectiveness of missing children investigations, including the

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prostitution and the internet; economic exploitation including forced donation of organs; criminal exploitation including drug smuggling and child trafficking including forced marriage and begging.

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on personal safety. Additionally, Deidra Robey leads a non-profit organization called Black and Missing but not Forgotten, which provides assistance in spreading awareness about a missing person.

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While the families reported the disappearances, the victims were unjustly imprisoned, tortured and finally killed. In Argentina, they were loaded onto a plane and thrown into the sea. During the

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missing children, aims to meet this need. The CRM system is expected to have a clear impact on the way hotlines are able to work together and collect data on the problem of missing children.

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search in only 13 cases, the result of which was: eight alive, three dead, two still missing. The legal status of missing persons in Austria is regulated by the Declaration of Death Act (

1810: 1016: 797: 116: 2265: 2237: 2208: 912: 1041: 514: 120: 1517:"International Missing Children's Day: Eight million kids disappear around the world every year; It's thought that around 800,000 children will go missing in the US alone" 1934: 1524: 1278: 594:, best known for his analysis of the media, supported the conclusion that a person's race and socioeconomic status impacted media coverage. He gave the kidnappings of 2014: 1567: 878: 533: 494:. In many countries, such as the United States, voluntary search and rescue teams can be called out to assist the police in the search. Rescue agencies such as 691:. The project's goal is to assist local authorities with locating and recovering missing children and inform the public about ways to prevent child abduction. 87:

in a location where they cannot be found (such as at sea), or many other reasons. In most parts of the world, a missing person will usually be found quickly.

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While the EMJ category holds records of some of the juveniles reported missing, the totals for the EMJ category excludes those juveniles recorded missing

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stress the need to try to find the person quickly, to assess how vulnerable the person is, and to search places that the person may have links to.

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cannot be confirmed as their location and condition are unknown. A person may go missing through a voluntary disappearance, or else due to an

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abduction cases, organized child trafficking and child pornography as well as the transient nature of unaccompanied minors seeking asylum.

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released in 2018, between 70,000 and 100,000 people go missing in Russia every year. About 25% of missing persons cases remain unsolved.

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Website for people looking for family members missing due to a conflict or natural disaster. International Committee of the Red Cross.

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that serves as an international coordination center and provides also statistical material regarding missing persons worldwide. The

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Royal Canadian Mounted Police missing child statistics for a ten-year period show a total of 60,582 missing children in 2007.

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Within the U.S., there are several organizations that bring awareness and equality to missing people of color, such as the

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who go missing. That is a crisis because we are only 2.7 million people." She said her organization would work with the

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their location may not be found a second time, they must be picked up and delivered to the nearest police station.

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reported in 2012 that: "It is estimated that some 8 million children go missing around the world each year." The

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resulting when a person goes missing may be extremely painful with long-lasting effects on family and friends.

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Office of Justice Programs • Partnerships for Safer Communities • US Department of Justice (April 2005).

1233:"Missing Children in National News Coverage: Racial and Gender Representations of Missing Children Cases" 1272: 882: 801: 688: 371: 444:: Minors who are abducted by non-parental means. (e.g. random kidnapping on streets by random people.) 1600: 1011: 584: 380: 204: 100: 59:, holds a placard appealing for information regarding her daughter nine days after her disappearance. 1825: 1387: 1150: 780: 1927:"Child Abduction: Cases Rise By 88%, Foreign Office Warn Parents 'May Never Have Child Returned'" 1719: 1678: 1362: 1260: 1051: 979: 252: 217:(generally to spare their families the suicide at home or to allow their deaths to be eventually 2015:"Activities in more than 22 Countries around the Globe will Remember Missing Children on May 25" 1747: 2172: 1777: 2061: 1998: 1705: 1252: 1155: 587:

or attractiveness of a child may also influence their chances of appearing in the news media.

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may also participate in cases that require their specialized resources. Police forces such as

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is the European hotline for missing children active in all 27 countries of the EU as well as

1905:"Child Abduction: Why British Law Means Parents May Be Powerless To Get Their Children Back" 1666: 1354: 1244: 1036: 513:

Various charities exist to assist the investigations into unsolved cases. These include the

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Black & Missing Foundation website exclusively dedicated to missing Persons of Color

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Andrea J. Sedlak; David Finkelhor; Heather Hammer & Dana J. Schultz (October 2002).

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Missing and Exploited Children: Overview and Policy Concerns; CRS report for Congress

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Disappearance to take advantage of better employment or living conditions elsewhere.

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reported in 2012, over 140,000 children go missing each year, as calculated by the

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National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children

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National Incidence Studies of Missing, Abducted, Runaway, and Thrownaway Children

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According to the UNHCR, over 15,000 unaccompanied and separated children claimed

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across Europe is on the rise. These runaways fall into vulnerable situations of

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It has been estimated that 100,000 Japanese people disappear annually. The term

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Person who has disappeared and whose status as alive or dead cannot be confirmed

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the authorities is of age, they can only inform other people with her consent.

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It has also been speculated by Kristen Gilchrist that, in Canadian news media,

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To avoid discovery of a crime or apprehension by law-enforcement authorities, (

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or other religious organization that requires no contact to the outside world.

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The Doe Network: International Center for Unidentified & Missing Persons

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Becoming lost accidentally in remote areas, including when participating in

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Statistical information on missing persons in the US is provided by annual

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holds a reward poster seeking information as to her child's whereabouts.

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Henderson, Monika; Henderson, Peter; Kiernan, Carol (January 2, 2000).

1296:"Missing Black Children, Missing Black Adults, Report a Missing Person" 967: 955: 951: 902: 393: 358: 354: 210: 104: 1670: 679:

A sailor assigned to Naval Computer Telecommunications Station (NCTS)

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fatally / non fatally for an unknown period of time in an undisclosed

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who purposely vanish from their established lives without a trace.

2307: 1746:. Royal Canadian Mounted Police. December 22, 2008. Archived from 1232: 1213:"What will the police do to find someone who is reported missing?" 817: 687:

Alexis Kosak during the 11th annual Project KidCare event held at

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