3032:
959:
2975:
25:
932:
3073:
1033:
544:
404:
transition period (1350â1536) until and including today. The transition to Modern
Norwegian is usually dated to 1525, or 1536, the year of the
3016:
1570:
108:
42:
3102:
3066:
1026:
537:
1955:
358:
89:
61:
46:
2849:
564:
450:
While Modern
Norwegian is a linguistic term with a specific historical meaning, contemporary Norwegian also includes the
2879:
2049:
2011:
1996:
1323:
68:
3092:
3059:
2859:
2719:
2069:
2028:
2018:
1019:
601:
530:
1235:
985:
75:
35:
3009:
2576:
435:, and this is the main reason why Modern Norwegian, together with contemporary Norwegian in general, Danish and
2854:
2808:
2803:
2727:
2337:
2321:
2200:
2059:
368:
174:
2635:
483:, and BokmÄl is by far the most widely used written language, even among users of Modern Norwegian dialects.
299:
57:
2793:
2737:
2732:
2652:
2325:
2275:
2033:
1575:
1393:
1077:
1065:
952:
466:
317:
164:
2798:
2280:
2246:
1864:
1680:
1540:
1380:
1275:
969:
405:
179:
3097:
2956:
2920:
2188:
2181:
2133:
1903:
1874:
1843:
1806:
1731:
1580:
1488:
1401:
1262:
1224:
958:
757:
569:
2421:
1296:
838:
747:
3002:
2925:
2905:
2874:
2747:
2607:
2581:
2482:
2353:
2171:
1763:
1590:
1552:
1547:
1421:
1368:
1126:
942:
764:
589:
2864:
2411:
2256:
2100:
2054:
1988:
1741:
1503:
1388:
1301:
1099:
947:
807:
742:
711:
596:
752:
409:
3039:
2910:
2762:
2752:
2707:
2469:
2396:
2293:
2138:
2113:
2108:
2001:
1829:
1714:
1535:
1313:
1308:
1287:
1248:
1052:
1042:
872:
679:
553:
440:
397:
389:
249:
217:
184:
169:
2834:
1000:
795:
1753:
3031:
2884:
2683:
2599:
2592:
2547:
2491:
2251:
2241:
2224:
2219:
2123:
1885:
1685:
1646:
1626:
1464:
1356:
1338:
1190:
995:
937:
737:
454:
432:
244:
82:
3043:
2986:
2839:
2630:
2564:
2520:
2515:
2464:
2456:
2261:
2229:
2176:
2165:
2078:
1950:
1945:
1787:
1726:
1516:
1498:
1333:
1094:
1086:
990:
898:
444:
436:
401:
240:
2869:
2662:
2569:
2552:
2537:
2532:
2525:
2234:
2143:
2128:
2083:
1935:
1898:
1890:
1869:
1856:
1836:
1822:
1585:
1562:
1493:
1483:
1475:
1255:
431:
and a more fixed syntax. Old Norse vocabulary is to a considerable degree substituted by
188:
156:
2829:
2950:
2844:
2824:
2776:
2668:
2542:
2212:
1979:
1918:
1697:
1654:
1611:
1528:
1523:
1412:
1362:
1213:
1164:
1119:
1112:
963:
903:
888:
812:
706:
451:
271:
253:
3086:
2915:
2900:
2742:
2498:
2449:
2266:
2205:
2118:
2064:
2023:
1961:
1908:
1792:
1719:
1149:
893:
231:
800:
2769:
2193:
2157:
2090:
1913:
1736:
1709:
1692:
1636:
1595:
1177:
1156:
774:
278:
2416:
787:
130:
Moderne norsk; Standard Ăžstnorsk (Standard East
Norwegian), HĂžydansk (High Danish)
2676:
2586:
2559:
2431:
2377:
2285:
1967:
1928:
1511:
1206:
1170:
1105:
817:
769:
729:
716:
660:
480:
24:
2426:
2406:
1771:
1441:
1142:
908:
857:
688:
665:
428:
235:
2974:
2612:
2475:
2360:
2006:
1923:
1704:
1659:
1631:
1457:
830:
696:
424:
343:
327:
309:
291:
226:
222:
2436:
631:
471:
447:), except from some Nynorsk/HĂžgnorsk and dialect users to a lesser extent.
334:
2401:
1749:
701:
641:
376:
364:
2442:
2038:
1940:
636:
372:
2982:
1745:
1011:
867:
522:
139:
479:
is spoken by a large and rapidly growing minority of
Norwegians in
1663:
500:
VenĂ„s, Kjell; NordbĂž, BĂžrge; Thorvaldsen, Bernt Ă. (2023-02-24).
584:
579:
574:
458:
2705:
2319:
1063:
1015:
526:
501:
18:
439:, is no longer mutually intelligible with Insular Nordic (
375:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
3047:
2990:
16:
Form of the
Norwegian language after the 16th century
2893:
2817:
2786:
2718:
2650:
2508:
2389:
2345:
2336:
2156:
2099:
1987:
1978:
1883:
1855:
1814:
1805:
1780:
1762:
1673:
1645:
1619:
1610:
1561:
1474:
1449:
1440:
1379:
1274:
1223:
1198:
1189:
1085:
1076:
978:
925:
881:
850:
829:
786:
728:
687:
678:
653:
624:
617:
610:
416:(1536-1848) until the separation from Denmark, and
341:
325:
307:
289:
284:
268:
210:
153:
145:
135:
123:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
933:Comparison of Norwegian BokmÄl and Standard Danish
3067:
3010:
1027:
538:
8:
469:) and the related official written standard
412:(1537â1814). It can be further divided into
3074:
3060:
3017:
3003:
2715:
2702:
2342:
2333:
2316:
1984:
1811:
1616:
1446:
1195:
1082:
1073:
1060:
1034:
1020:
1012:
684:
621:
614:
545:
531:
523:
120:
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
492:
369:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
408:and the beginning of the kingdoms of
7:
3028:
3026:
2971:
2969:
47:adding citations to reliable sources
1596:Plautdietsch / Mennonite Low German
3046:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
2989:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
2955:Languages between parentheses are
427:, Modern Norwegian has simplified
14:
3030:
2973:
957:
23:
34:needs additional citations for
2959:of the language on their left.
1:
2850:Germanic substrate hypothesis
2880:Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law
1571:Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch
2860:High German consonant shift
602:Norwegian language conflict
3119:
3025:
2968:
1398:WestlauwersâTerschellings
1051:According to contemporary
986:Language Council of Norway
2942:
2714:
2701:
2623:
2577:Southern Schleswig Danish
2332:
2315:
1072:
1059:
1049:
560:
355:
128:
2855:West Germanic gemination
2809:Ancient Belgian language
2804:Germanic parent language
2748:Weser-Rhine (Istvaeonic)
1870:Austrian Standard German
180:Continental Scandinavian
3103:Germanic language stubs
467:Standard East Norwegian
400:that emerged after the
149:16th century to present
2985:-related article is a
2916:Preterite-present verb
2799:Proto-Germanic grammar
2753:North Sea (Ingvaeonic)
1865:German Standard German
1541:East Frisian Low Saxon
418:Newer Modern Norwegian
406:Protestant Reformation
393:
357:This article contains
2921:Grammatischer Wechsel
1904:Namibian Black German
1875:Swiss Standard German
1844:Early New High German
1402:Mainland West Frisian
1263:Harlingerland Frisian
506:Store norske leksikon
2926:Indo-European ablaut
2906:Germanic strong verb
2875:Germanic spirant law
2012:Southeast Limburgish
1508:Gelders-Overijssels
1137:Irish Middle English
1127:Early Modern English
765:Urban East Norwegian
590:Scandinavian Braille
461:, that evolved into
43:improve this article
3038:This article about
2894:Synchronic features
2865:Germanic a-mutation
2818:Diachronic features
2168:in the broad sense
2101:East Central German
2055:Lorraine Franconian
2029:Transylvanian Saxon
1989:West Central German
1764:East Low Franconian
1674:West Low Franconian
414:Early Modern Norway
3093:Norwegian language
3040:Germanic languages
2911:Germanic weak verb
2720:Language subgroups
2070:Pennsylvania Dutch
2019:Moselle Franconian
1997:Central Franconian
1830:Middle High German
1581:Central Pomeranian
1536:Northern Low Saxon
1249:Wangerooge Frisian
1043:Germanic languages
873:American Norwegian
748:HallingmÄl-Valdris
554:Norwegian language
420:from then to now.
398:Norwegian language
250:Norwegian dialects
58:"Modern Norwegian"
3055:
3054:
2998:
2997:
2966:
2965:
2951:extinct languages
2938:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2885:Great Vowel Shift
2697:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2646:
2645:
2492:Greenlandic Norse
2311:
2310:
2307:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2242:Southern Bavarian
2225:Northern Bavarian
2201:Highest Alemannic
2152:
2151:
1886:standard variants
1801:
1800:
1647:Standard variants
1606:
1605:
1465:Middle Low German
1436:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1236:Saterland Frisian
1009:
1008:
996:Norwegian Academy
921:
920:
917:
916:
674:
673:
477:Standard Ăstnorsk
463:Standard Ăstnorsk
383:
382:
365:rendering support
361:phonetic symbols.
131:
119:
118:
111:
93:
3110:
3076:
3069:
3062:
3034:
3027:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2977:
2970:
2743:Elbe (Irminonic)
2716:
2703:
2631:Mainland Gutnish
2521:Swedish dialects
2483:Middle Icelandic
2457:Middle Norwegian
2346:Historical forms
2343:
2334:
2317:
2276:South Franconian
2262:Hutterite German
2230:Central Bavarian
2050:Rhine Franconian
1985:
1815:Historical forms
1812:
1727:Surinamese Dutch
1620:Historical forms
1617:
1450:Historical forms
1447:
1199:Historical forms
1196:
1083:
1074:
1061:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1013:
961:
899:Middle Norwegian
863:Modern Norwegian
804:
761:
743:GudbrandsdalsmÄl
685:
646:
622:
615:
547:
540:
533:
524:
517:
516:
514:
513:
497:
402:Middle Norwegian
386:Modern Norwegian
337:
330:
321:
320:
312:
303:
302:
294:
274:
241:Middle Norwegian
194:Modern Norwegian
159:
129:
124:Modern Norwegian
121:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3107:
3083:
3082:
3081:
3080:
3024:
3023:
2967:
2962:
2930:
2889:
2870:Germanic umlaut
2835:Holtzmann's law
2813:
2782:
2710:
2689:
2642:
2619:
2553:South Jutlandic
2538:Danish dialects
2504:
2385:
2328:
2299:
2281:East Franconian
2235:Viennese German
2148:
2129:Silesian German
2095:
2084:Central Hessian
1974:
1899:Namibian German
1888:
1879:
1857:Standard German
1851:
1837:New High German
1823:Old High German
1797:
1776:
1758:
1669:
1641:
1602:
1586:East Pomeranian
1576:Brandenburgisch
1563:East Low German
1557:
1484:Dutch Low Saxon
1476:West Low German
1470:
1428:
1394:Schiermonnikoog
1375:
1270:
1256:Wursten Frisian
1219:
1185:
1068:
1055:
1045:
1040:
1010:
1005:
1001:RiksmÄl Society
974:
913:
877:
851:Non-dialectical
846:
825:
798:
782:
755:
724:
670:
649:
644:
606:
556:
551:
521:
520:
511:
509:
502:"moderne norsk"
499:
498:
494:
489:
423:In contrast to
363:Without proper
333:
326:
316:
315:
308:
298:
297:
290:
275:
270:
264:
252:
245:Medieval Danish
243:
234:
225:
213:
206:
187:
160:
157:Language family
155:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3116:
3114:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3085:
3084:
3079:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3056:
3053:
3052:
3035:
3022:
3021:
3014:
3007:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2978:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2953:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2821:
2819:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2794:Proto-Germanic
2790:
2788:
2784:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2773:
2766:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2735:
2730:
2724:
2722:
2712:
2711:
2706:
2699:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2687:
2680:
2673:
2669:Crimean Gothic
2658:
2656:
2648:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2639:
2638:
2633:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2596:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2567:
2557:
2556:
2555:
2545:
2543:Insular Danish
2540:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2526:Rinkebysvenska
2523:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2495:
2488:
2487:
2486:
2479:
2467:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2453:
2446:
2440:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2393:
2391:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2382:
2381:
2374:
2372:Old East Norse
2369:
2367:Old West Norse
2357:
2349:
2347:
2340:
2330:
2329:
2320:
2313:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2290:
2289:
2288:
2278:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2247:South Tyrolean
2239:
2238:
2237:
2227:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2198:
2197:
2196:
2189:High Alemannic
2186:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2162:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2105:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2057:
2047:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2031:
2026:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2009:
1993:
1991:
1982:
1980:Central German
1976:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1938:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1921:
1919:Barossa German
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1895:
1893:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1861:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1833:
1826:
1818:
1816:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1768:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1698:French Flemish
1690:
1689:
1688:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1657:
1651:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1623:
1621:
1614:
1612:Low Franconian
1608:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1598:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1567:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1533:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1480:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1461:
1453:
1451:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1424:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1415:
1413:Westereendersk
1407:
1396:
1391:
1385:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1366:
1359:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1344:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1329:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1299:
1291:
1280:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1252:
1240:
1239:
1238:
1229:
1227:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1217:
1214:Middle Frisian
1210:
1202:
1200:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1174:
1162:
1161:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1120:Modern English
1116:
1113:Middle English
1109:
1102:
1091:
1089:
1080:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1031:
1024:
1016:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
982:
980:
976:
975:
973:
972:
967:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
929:
927:
923:
922:
919:
918:
915:
914:
912:
911:
906:
904:Dano-Norwegian
901:
896:
891:
889:Old West Norse
885:
883:
879:
878:
876:
875:
870:
865:
860:
854:
852:
848:
847:
845:
844:
841:
835:
833:
827:
826:
824:
823:
820:
815:
810:
805:
792:
790:
784:
783:
781:
780:
777:
772:
767:
762:
750:
745:
740:
734:
732:
726:
725:
723:
722:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
693:
691:
689:West and south
682:
676:
675:
672:
671:
669:
668:
663:
657:
655:
651:
650:
648:
647:
645:(discontinued)
639:
634:
628:
626:
619:
612:
608:
607:
605:
604:
599:
594:
593:
592:
587:
582:
577:
567:
561:
558:
557:
552:
550:
549:
542:
535:
527:
519:
518:
508:(in Norwegian)
491:
490:
488:
485:
452:Dano-Norwegian
410:DenmarkâNorway
381:
380:
367:, you may see
353:
352:
347:
339:
338:
331:
323:
322:
313:
305:
304:
295:
287:
286:
285:Language codes
282:
281:
276:
272:Writing system
269:
266:
265:
263:
262:
261:
260:
259:
258:
257:
256:
254:Dano-Norwegian
227:Old East Norse
223:Old West Norse
216:
214:
211:
208:
207:
205:
204:
203:
202:
201:
200:
199:
198:
197:
196:
175:North Germanic
163:
161:
154:
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
126:
125:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3115:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3077:
3072:
3070:
3065:
3063:
3058:
3057:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3036:
3033:
3029:
3020:
3015:
3013:
3008:
3006:
3001:
3000:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2979:
2976:
2972:
2958:
2954:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2941:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2901:Germanic verb
2899:
2898:
2896:
2892:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2840:Sievers's law
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2787:Reconstructed
2785:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2759:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2723:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2704:
2700:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2622:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2600:Middle Danish
2597:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2561:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2478:
2477:
2476:Old Icelandic
2473:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2450:Old Norwegian
2447:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2380:
2379:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2318:
2314:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2283:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2268:
2267:Gottscheerish
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2207:
2206:Walser German
2204:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2172:Low Alemannic
2170:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2134:High Prussian
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2119:Erzgebirgisch
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2098:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2024:Luxembourgish
2022:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1962:Klezmer-loshn
1959:
1957:
1956:Scots Yiddish
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1794:
1793:Meuse-Rhenish
1791:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1721:
1720:Kleverlandish
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1691:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1682:
1681:Central Dutch
1679:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1597:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1534:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1489:Stellingwarfs
1487:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1423:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1409:Wood Frisian
1408:
1405:
1404:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1276:North Frisian
1273:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1245:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1211:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1078:Anglo-Frisian
1075:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1032:
1030:
1025:
1023:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
991:Noregs MĂ„llag
989:
987:
984:
983:
981:
977:
971:
968:
965:
960:
956:
954:
953:Sign language
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
930:
928:
924:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
894:Old Norwegian
892:
890:
887:
886:
884:
880:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
855:
853:
849:
842:
840:
837:
836:
834:
832:
828:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
802:
797:
794:
793:
791:
789:
785:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
759:
754:
753:SÀrna-IdremÄl
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
735:
733:
731:
727:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
694:
692:
690:
686:
683:
681:
677:
667:
664:
662:
659:
658:
656:
652:
643:
640:
638:
635:
633:
630:
629:
627:
623:
620:
616:
613:
609:
603:
600:
598:
595:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
572:
571:
568:
566:
563:
562:
559:
555:
548:
543:
541:
536:
534:
529:
528:
525:
507:
503:
496:
493:
486:
484:
482:
478:
474:
473:
468:
464:
460:
457:dialect from
456:
453:
448:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
394:moderne norsk
391:
387:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
360:
354:
351:
348:
346:
345:
340:
336:
332:
329:
324:
319:
314:
311:
306:
301:
296:
293:
288:
283:
280:
277:
273:
267:
255:
251:
248:
247:
246:
242:
239:
238:
237:
233:
232:Old Norwegian
230:
229:
228:
224:
221:
220:
219:
215:
209:
195:
192:
191:
190:
186:
183:
182:
181:
178:
177:
176:
173:
172:
171:
168:
167:
166:
165:Indo-European
162:
158:
152:
148:
144:
141:
138:
134:
127:
122:
113:
110:
102:
99:February 2024
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: â
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3098:Norway stubs
3048:expanding it
3037:
2991:expanding it
2980:
2946:
2830:Verner's law
2775:
2770:Gotho-Nordic
2768:
2761:
2682:
2675:
2667:
2661:
2651:
2636:FÄrö Gutnish
2598:
2591:
2497:
2490:
2481:
2474:
2455:
2448:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2292:
2194:Swiss German
2158:Upper German
2091:Amana German
2065:Volga German
2034:HunsrĂŒckisch
1960:
1914:Unserdeutsch
1909:Berlinerisch
1842:
1835:
1828:
1821:
1781:Cover groups
1737:Mohawk Dutch
1732:Jersey Dutch
1710:East Flemish
1693:West Flemish
1637:Middle Dutch
1591:Low Prussian
1463:
1456:
1422:Terschelling
1406:Clay Frisian
1381:West Frisian
1369:Wiedingharde
1361:
1349:
1309:Heligolandic
1286:
1261:
1254:
1247:
1242:
1225:East Frisian
1212:
1205:
1178:Middle Scots
1176:
1169:
1155:
1148:
1141:
1136:
1125:
1118:
1111:
1104:
979:Institutions
926:Other topics
862:
775:Oslo dialect
510:. Retrieved
505:
495:
476:
470:
462:
449:
422:
417:
413:
385:
384:
356:
349:
342:
193:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
2845:Kluge's law
2825:Grimm's law
2608:Dalecarlian
2587:Perkerdansk
2560:East Danish
2378:Old Gutnish
2354:Proto-Norse
2294:Langobardic
2286:Vogtlandian
2114:Upper Saxon
1968:Lachoudisch
1929:Lotegorisch
1807:High German
1553:Westphalian
1548:Eastphalian
1512:Achterhooks
1389:Hindeloopen
1324:Bökingharde
1293:FöhrâAmrum
1207:Old Frisian
1171:Early Scots
1106:Old English
818:Trondheimsk
799: [
756: [
717:Stavangersk
570:Orthography
481:East Norway
429:inflections
371:instead of
212:Early forms
3087:Categories
2677:Burgundian
2593:Old Danish
2582:GĂžtudanskt
2565:Bornholmsk
2427:Vestlandsk
2407:Kebabnorsk
2144:Halcnovian
2109:Thuringian
1772:Limburgish
1742:Stadsfries
1715:Brabantian
1442:Low German
1288:Eiderstedt
1143:Fingallian
943:Literature
909:Russenorsk
858:Kebabnorsk
839:BrÞnnÞymÄl
796:Herjedalsk
707:SandnesmÄl
654:Unofficial
512:2024-02-04
487:References
433:Low German
236:Old Danish
69:newspapers
2957:varieties
2949:indicate
2763:Northwest
2708:Philology
2613:Elfdalian
2548:Jutlandic
2470:Icelandic
2445:(written)
2439:(written)
2417:TrĂžndersk
2397:Norwegian
2361:Old Norse
2182:Coloniero
2166:Alemannic
2139:Wymysorys
2007:Colognian
2002:Ripuarian
1924:Rotwelsch
1754:Midslands
1705:Zeelandic
1686:Hollandic
1660:Afrikaans
1632:Old Dutch
1458:Old Saxon
1357:Karrharde
1339:Goesharde
1320:Mainland
1053:philology
948:Profanity
808:Jemtlansk
788:TrĂžndersk
697:Arendalsk
611:Varieties
597:Phonology
441:Icelandic
425:Old Norse
396:) is the
390:Norwegian
344:Glottolog
328:ISO 639-3
310:ISO 639-2
292:ISO 639-1
218:Old Norse
185:Norwegian
2684:Vandalic
2627:Gutnish
2432:VikvĂŠrsk
2412:SognamÄl
2402:Bergensk
2252:Cimbrian
2220:Bavarian
2177:Alsatian
2124:Lusatian
2060:Palatine
1750:Amelands
1627:Frankish
1517:Sallaans
1499:Gronings
1350:Southern
1343:Northern
1334:Halligen
1283:Insular
1100:dialects
970:Norvegia
770:VikvĂŠrsk
738:BohusmÄl
712:SognamÄl
702:Bergensk
661:HĂžgnorsk
642:Samnorsk
625:Official
565:Alphabet
377:Help:IPA
170:Germanic
2947:Italics
2570:Scanian
2516:Swedish
2465:Faroese
2443:Nynorsk
2422:Valdris
2257:MĂČcheno
2213:Swabian
2079:Hessian
2039:Hunsrik
1951:Western
1946:Eastern
1941:Yiddish
1891:creoles
1788:Bergish
1504:DrĂšents
1494:Tweants
1346:Central
1328:Mooring
1191:Frisian
1150:Kildare
1095:English
938:Exonyms
882:Extinct
813:Medalsk
666:RiksmÄl
637:Nynorsk
618:Written
445:Faroese
437:Swedish
373:Unicode
83:scholar
2983:Norway
2663:Gothic
2533:Danish
2437:BokmÄl
1936:Yenish
1746:Bildts
1529:Veluws
1524:Urkers
1363:Strand
1087:Anglic
868:Svorsk
680:Spoken
632:BokmÄl
472:BokmÄl
189:Danish
140:Norway
136:Region
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
3042:is a
2981:This
2777:South
2728:North
2338:North
2322:North
1664:Kaaps
1655:Dutch
1302:Amrum
1243:Weser
1165:Scots
964:Kjell
831:North
803:]
760:]
455:koiné
279:Latin
90:JSTOR
76:books
3044:stub
2987:stub
2738:West
2733:East
2653:East
2509:East
2499:Norn
2390:West
2326:East
2324:and
1889:and
1884:Non-
1314:Sylt
1297:Föhr
1232:Ems
1157:Yola
1066:West
843:etc.
822:etc.
779:etc.
730:East
721:etc.
459:Oslo
443:and
350:None
62:news
359:IPA
335:nor
318:nor
146:Era
45:by
3089::
801:sv
758:sv
504:.
475:.
392::
300:no
3075:e
3068:t
3061:v
3050:.
3018:e
3011:t
3004:v
2993:.
2672:)
2666:(
1752:/
1748:/
1744:/
1666:)
1662:(
1035:e
1028:t
1021:v
966:"
962:"
585:Ă
580:Ă
575:Ă
546:e
539:t
532:v
515:.
465:(
388:(
379:.
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
