33:
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Jagir
Abolition Act in 1952. With this Act, Jagirdari system in the state was abolished and the power of judicial review over these legislations was taken away from the courts and the fundamental right to the property was amended. Sukhadia was given the challenging post of Revenue Minister in the cabinet, reckoning that land reforms would not be easy without establishing an efficient or uniform system of revenue administration.
541:
edified them about their constitutional rights and encouraged to espouse the national movement. Fearing the torment of their zamindars, most of the locals were reluctant to shelter national activists in their houses. Public workers were not allowed to enter Bhil villages as zamindars considered contact of activists with simple-minded peasants undesirable. Often they were beaten and arrested by police for entering Bhil villages.
520:. When he returned to Nathdwara with Indubala, he was hailed by a large number of his supporters. Young overjoyed supporters thronged the streets of Nathwara, steered a huge rally across the town and greeted him with slogans, "Mohan Bhaiya Jindabad". This remained to be one of the most memorable and inspiring moments of his life. Sukhadia himself acknowledged this fact to one of his protagonists a few days before his death.
1822:
1403:
714:
Results were evident by the end of 1970. Rajasthan's outlays on health and education were significantly higher than all other North-Central Indian states and all-India average. By 1969 Rajasthan's education spending as a proportion of total SDP (3.2%) was double that of UP (1.5%). Similarly, in the
706:
speech, India's first prime minister
Jawaharlal Nehru declared the eradication of ‘ignorance and disease’ as one of the most crucial tasks that the country faced. Challenge to eradicate ‘ignorance and disease’ was even bigger in Rajasthan as this was one of the least developed states in India at the
689:
When
Sukhadia took over as Chief Minister in 1954, the challenging task of implementing the reforms lay ahead of him. Sukhadia's government passed Rajasthan Zamindari and Biswedari Abolition Act in 1959 that transferred the title of land to the tenants, doing away with centuries-old zamindari system
603:
In the first phase, on 18 March 1948, four
Princely States of Alwar, Bharatpur, Dholpur and Karauli formed the Matsya Union. On 25 March 1948, Union of Rajasthan was formed comprising Banswara, Bundi, Dungarpur, Jhalawar, Kishangarh, Pratapgarh, Shahapura, Tonk, and Kota. Three days after formation
672:
Initial years were impaired by instability within the party, which witnessed four chief ministers in less than first six years (1948–1954), until
Sukhadia was given the responsibility of leading the government. Major credit for deploying stability and institutionalization in Congress party goes to
642:
joined
Congress Party on persuasion of Jai Narayan Vyas. However, congress workers objected to his decision as most of the Ram Rajya Parishad members were former zamindars and believed this would affect ongoing land reforms in the state. Amidst growing resentment against Jai Narayan Vyas, Congress
685:
Congress government under the leadership of
Jawaharlal Nehru passed a law to abolish the zamindari system. Impact of law was very limited in beginning years as zamindars approached the Supreme Court challenging the orders. To come up with the backdrop, the Congress Government passed the Rajasthan
504:
When he came back to
Nathdwara, he started a small electrical workshop. This shop was essentially a meeting place where Sukhadia and his friends would discuss about the ubiquitous autocracies of British rule and socio-economic reforms in the region. Various education and social awareness programs
693:
Factors like political influence of jagirdars and jamindars, confusing varieties of land system in the different princely states and lack of reliable land records made the implementation immensely difficult. Sukhadia confronted all these hindrances and led land reforms in the state successfully.
681:
Zamindari system, which had prevailed in
Rajasthan for centuries, percolated deeply in socio-economic system of the state by the time of independence. Poor peasants were subjected to atrocities of their zamindars, had no right on the land they tilled and often had to pay very high land revenues.
540:
Freedom struggle in
Rajasthan was facing twofold and threefold resistance in form of British raj, princely states and local zamindars. Sukhadia along with other activists traveled across remote tribal areas and villages of the region, established direct contact with local peasants and tribesmen,
664:
Formation of Rajasthan Congress started in 1946 when Praja Mandals of various states merged into the Rajputana Prantiya Sabha to form a common decision making and organization framework. Mohan Lal Sukhadia was one of the fifteen members of Executive Committee of Prantiya Sabha that consisted of
710:
Sukhadia Era in Rajasthan witnessed a dramatic reversal of the colonial policy of almost complete neglect of the education and health sectors. Sukhadia government's commitment to the social sector is brought out by the fact that despite facing a very precarious budgetary situation, it steadily
646:
Veteran Jai Narayan Vyas was directly pitched against the 38-year-old Revenue Minister of his own cabinet, Shri Mohan Lal Sukhadia. First time in history of Democratic India, two people were openly contesting for post of Chief Minister. Sukhadia defeated him by 8 votes to become youngest Chief
532:
were formed in different states of Rajputana. These mandals provided wider base to the agitation and direction to the civil right movement and administrative reforms in various princely states. In Udaipur state, Mewar Praja Mandal was founded in 1938 having renowned social activist and freedom
544:
In 1946, Praja Mandals of various states merged to form a statewide organization and named it Rajputana Prantiya Sabha. Sukhadia was inducted in Executive Committee of this newly formed organization. Party meetings were held in one of the Rajputana provinces in every two-three months where
477:. There, he was elected General Secretary of the student body. Mr. Berley, the British principal of the college, wanted to invite governor of Bombay in a college ceremony. Sukhadia, along with other students, vehemently opposed the idea and asserted to invite then Chief Minister of Bombay
668:
Desire for the inclusion of party in Indian National Congress was finally realized in April 1948 at the Bombay session of All-India Congress organization, when Rajputana Prantiya Sabha was declared as one of the provincial units of Indian national Congress.
545:
representatives of different provinces discussed and debated on common problems of the states. Sukhadia's matter-of-fact and efficient problem solving tactics were valued highly in these meetings that earned him recognition of top leaders in the state.
568:
and Mohanlal Sukhadia playing instrumental role in channelizing it. Seeing the situation go beyond control, British Government decided to contain top leadership by incarcerating them. Sukhadia stayed in jail for one and half years at the age of 25.
673:
leadership abilities and political skills of Mohanlal Sukhadia. Serving on the post of Chief Minister for almost two decades clearly denotes the kind of support, affection and honor Sukahdia enjoyed from his party members and public.
426:
state for 17 years (1954–1971). He became chief minister at the age of 38 and was responsible for bringing major reforms and developments in Rajasthan. For this, he is still widely revered as the "founder of modern Rajasthan".
481:
instead. Finally, college authorities had to bow down against the demands of students. Sukhadia had successfully led his first revolt against British Rule exemplifying his uncanny leadership abilities and managerial skills.
634:
became Chief Minister on 3 March 1952 for a brief period of time. Jai Narayan Vyas replaced him on 1 November 1952. Sukhadia handled Revenue, Irrigation, Agriculture and other significant portfolios during this period.
516:. This inter-caste marriage was not an ordinary event in those days. Expecting a stiff backlash in Nathdwara and Udaipur, Sukhadia decided to perform the ceremony in Beawar adhering to customs of the
711:
increased its expenditure on social service. One of the clearest signals of this was decision of Sukhadia to retain the Education portfolio even after becoming the Chief Minister of the state.
647:
Minister of India. He continued on this post for record making 17 years(13 Nov 1954 – 8 July 1971). His record of longest-serving Chief Minister in Indian political history was untouched until
665:
prominent political elites of Rajasthan. Sukhadia along with other members of this committee played the crucial role of formulating and publicizing the policies and resolutions of the party.
707:
end of British rule. During the early decades of the twentieth century Rajasthan had one of the lowest levels of education and highest levels of mortality of all provinces in India.
2027:
1273:
1391:
1568:
1810:
615:
In the fourth phase, states of Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Jaipur and Jodhpur merged with Union of Rajasthan. Sardar Patel inaugurated unified Rajasthan on 30 March 1949 and
576:
and nearby areas causing huge destruction of property and life. Sukhadia mobilized relief workers and arranged food supply, medicines and clothing for the people.
1266:
2022:
1384:
630:
took over his post. Sukhadia was appointed as minister in newly created cabinet. First state Legislative elections of Rajasthan were held in 1952.
2042:
2037:
2032:
1997:
1561:
1259:
2002:
1803:
1282:
537:
as its president. After one year of foundation, Mandal received a dose of fresh vigor with promising youth Mohal Lal Sukhadia joining it.
1408:
1377:
1233:
101:
1142:
1124:
1104:
2017:
473:
After completing primary education in Nathdwara and Udaipur, Sukhadia went to Mumbai for a diploma in electrical engineering from
2012:
1554:
119:
1546:
2007:
1796:
1788:
1585:
604:
of Union of Rajasthan, Maharana of Udaipur decided to join Union of Rajasthan on 28 March 1948. It was formally inaugurated by
1369:
1826:
1604:
148:
63:
1205:
1419:
423:
266:
229:
174:
1907:
435:
1840:
1641:
1630:
1439:
585:
490:
397:
1912:
1529:
1328:
467:
32:
715:
health sector, Rajasthan's expenditure grew to Rs.8.23 per capita in 1970–71 whereas UP spent only Rs.3.2.
1954:
1434:
439:
45:
1667:
1000:
431:
211:
156:
80:
1677:
1992:
1987:
1746:
1714:
1709:
1504:
1479:
501:. Sukhadia regularly attended meetings of Congress workers and volunteers headed by Patel in Mumbai.
1959:
1892:
1860:
1855:
1741:
1524:
549:
486:
463:
336:
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203:
124:
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1918:
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68:
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His Excellency Mohan Lal Sukhadia with Prime Minister Indira Gandhi on her visit to Raj Bhavan
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1343:
1318:
1308:
1303:
631:
627:
605:
565:
324:
301:
548:
Responding to Mahatma Gandhi's call of "Quit India" in 1942, entire Rajasthan plunged into
1704:
1625:
1424:
1353:
561:
494:
1049:
1017:
1943:
1928:
1484:
1474:
1323:
1243:
600:. Their merger and unification took place in a phased manner over a period of 2 years.
589:
361:
234:
179:
643:
High command directed him to seek Vote of Confidence of Congress legislative members.
1981:
1897:
1735:
1730:
1694:
1599:
1499:
1469:
1444:
1226:
365:
136:
1724:
1688:
1519:
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1454:
1348:
620:
529:
1866:
1662:
1646:
1609:
1201:
His Excellency Mohan Lal Sukhadia taking oath of Governorship from Chief Justice
619:
formed the cabinet to become first Chief Minister of Rajasthan. On 15 May 1949,
498:
246:
1251:
1050:"Subnationalism and Social Development:A Comparative Analysis of Indian States"
1850:
1767:
1614:
978:
944:
648:
517:
478:
422:(31 July 1916 – 2 February 1982) was an Indian politician, who served as the
1088:
Rajasthan mein Swatantrata Sangram Ke Amar Purodha : Mohan Lal Sukhadia
593:
528:
On account of excessive taxes and autocratic rule of princes and jagirdars,
505:
were schemed and executed in the region by Sukhadia and his fellow workers.
459:
383:
1206:
Mohanlal Sukhadia visiting Wool Research Laboratories in Australia in 1963
612:. Mohan Lal Sukhadia joined the cabinet as Irrigation and Labor Minister.
1210:
573:
455:
357:
835:
379:
513:
485:
In college, he came in contact with prominent national leaders like
462:. His father, Ram Lal Sukhadia, was a well known cricketer of the
387:
626:
After Heera Lal Shasrti resigned from the post on 26 March 1951,
608:
on 18 April 1948 and cabinet was formed under the leadership of
474:
451:
1792:
1550:
1373:
1255:
1173:
Joh Desh Ke Liye Jiye (Jashogatha Loknayak Shri Maniklal Verma)
1044:
1042:
1040:
1038:
830:
828:
826:
824:
822:
820:
745:
Aadhunik Rajasthan Ke Swapnadrashta Shri Mohanlal Sukhadia
1182:
A Princess Remembers - The Memorial of Maharani of Jaipur
1006:. New Delhi: Planning Commission of India. August 1966.
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62:
43:
23:
430:Later in his career, Sukhadia also served as the
572:Intense torrential rainfall of 1943 devastated
1166:, Information Department, Rajasthan Government
660:Founding and development of Rajasthan Congress
2028:Chief ministers from Indian National Congress
1804:
1562:
1385:
1267:
1153:Chabda, Praveen Chandra; Mishra, R K (1964),
903:
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8:
580:Independence and participation in government
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1392:
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1215:
1001:"Report on Implementation of Land Reforms"
698:Development in health and education sector
224:1 February 1972 – 31 October 1973
169:1 November 1973 – 10 October 1975
31:
20:
314:13 November 1954 – 13 March 1967
1090:, Rajasthan Swarn Jyanthi Samaroh Samiti
856:
723:
638:After elections in 1952, 22 members of
114:10 January 1976 – 16 June 1976
1155:Rajasthan - A decade of Reconstruction
880:
868:
796:
784:
772:
760:
730:
836:"History of Legislature in Rajasthan"
7:
279:26 April 1967 – 9 July 1971
58:16 June 1976 – 8 April 1977
1970:$ - acting, # - additional charge
1781:$ - acting, # - additional charge
1135:Encyclopaedia of Political Parties
1117:Development and Democracy in India
1099:, University of California Press,
811:Encyclopaedia of Political Parties
655:Sukhadia era of Rajasthan politics
14:
450:Mohan Lal Sukhadia was born in a
2023:Lok Sabha members from Rajasthan
1820:
1578:
1401:
1137:, Anmol Publications PVT. LTD.,
979:"Acts passed in Rajasthan, 1959"
945:"Acts passed in Rajasthan, 1952"
524:Contribution in freedom struggle
1180:Devi, Maharani Gayatri (1976),
1097:The Congress Party in Rajasthan
1018:"Constituent Assembly of India"
16:5th Chief Minister of Rajasthan
1605:Krishna Kumarsinhji Bhavsinhji
1171:Saxena, Shankar Sahay (1960),
1157:, Pratibha Publication, Jaipur
1:
1086:Kochar, Kanhiyya Lal (1999),
1998:Chief ministers of Rajasthan
1283:Chief Ministers of Rajasthan
1119:, Lynne Rienner Publishers,
1052:. University of Pennsylvania
623:also merged with Rajasthan.
2003:Governors of Andhra Pradesh
1409:Governors of Andhra Pradesh
1164:Our Administrative Problems
1162:Sukhadia, Mohanlal (1962),
1070:
965:
931:
919:
907:
892:
424:Chief Minister of Rajasthan
267:Chief Minister of Rajasthan
2059:
1908:Pendekanti Venkatasubbaiah
1234:Governor of Andhra Pradesh
1211:Link of Rajasthan Assembly
1115:Sharma, Shalendra (1999),
102:Governor of Andhra Pradesh
1968:
1841:Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar
1779:
1642:Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar
1631:Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar
1415:
1289:
1240:
1231:
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1218:
743:Bhatt, Rajendra Shankar.
677:Land reforms in the state
413:
342:
307:
272:
217:
162:
107:
51:
39:
30:
2043:Rajasthan MLAs 1967–1972
2038:Rajasthan MLAs 1962–1967
2033:Rajasthan MLAs 1957–1962
1440:Khandubhai Kasanji Desai
1184:, Vikas Publishing House
1095:Sisson, Richard (1972),
592:of Rajasthan (erstwhile
491:Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
398:Indian National Congress
2013:Governors of Tamil Nadu
1586:Governors of Tamil Nadu
1530:Biswabhusan Harichandan
1329:Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
1175:, Muktiwani Publication
2008:Governors of Karnataka
1827:Governors of Karnataka
1435:Pattom A. Thanu Pillai
1133:Ralhan, O. P. (2002),
981:. Rajasthan Government
947:. Rajasthan Government
838:. Rajasthan Government
651:surpassed it in 1994.
46:Governor of Tamil Nadu
1668:Kodardas Kalidas Shah
596:) agreed to join the
432:Governor of Karnataka
157:Governor of Karnataka
81:Kodardas Kalidas Shah
1747:Surjit Singh Barnala
1715:Bhishma Narain Singh
1710:Surjit Singh Barnala
1505:Surjit Singh Barnala
1480:Shankar Dayal Sharma
606:Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
2018:India MPs 1980–1984
1960:Thawar Chand Gehlot
1893:Uma Shankar Dikshit
1856:Gopal Swarup Pathak
1742:P. S. Ramamohan Rao
1525:E. S. L. Narasimhan
1219:Government offices
1022:Parliament of India
550:Quit India Movement
487:Subhas Chandra Bose
204:Uma Shankar Dikshit
125:Jalagam Vengala Rao
1924:Khurshed Alam Khan
1919:Bhanu Pratap Singh
1888:Mohan Lal Sukhadia
1872:Mohan Lal Sukhadia
1763:Banwarilal Purohit
1720:Marri Chenna Reddy
1700:Sundar Lal Khurana
1673:Mohan Lal Sukhadia
1510:Sushilkumar Shinde
1460:Justice B.J. Diwan
1450:Mohan Lal Sukhadia
1339:Shiv Charan Mathur
1314:Mohan Lal Sukhadia
704:tryst with destiny
640:Ram Rajya Parishad
552:with leaders like
512:on 1 June 1938 in
420:Mohan Lal Sukhadia
212:Governor of Mysore
192:Office Established
69:M. G. Ramachandran
25:Mohan Lal Sukhadia
1975:
1974:
1944:Hans Raj Bhardwaj
1903:Ashoknath Banerji
1786:
1785:
1757:C. Vidyasagar Rao
1684:Prabhudas Patwari
1593:Madras Presidency
1544:
1543:
1535:Syed Abdul Nazeer
1367:
1366:
1359:Bhajan Lal Sharma
1334:Jagannath Pahadia
1299:C. S. Venkatachar
1294:Heera Lal Shastri
1250:
1249:
1241:Succeeded by
617:Heera Lal Shastri
610:Manikya Lal Verma
558:Heera Lal Shastri
554:Manikya Lal Verma
535:Manikya Lal Verma
417:
416:
408:Indubala Sukhadia
92:P. Govindan Nair
2050:
1949:Konijeti Rosaiah
1939:Rameshwar Thakur
1934:T. N. Chaturvedi
1846:S. M. Shrinagesh
1825:
1824:
1823:
1813:
1806:
1799:
1790:
1772:
1752:Konijeti Rosaiah
1678:P. Govindan Nair
1636:P. Chandra Reddy
1620:P. V. Rajamannar
1583:
1582:
1581:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1548:
1515:Rameshwar Thakur
1495:Gopala Ramanujam
1465:Sharda Mukherjee
1430:S. M. Shrinagesh
1406:
1405:
1404:
1394:
1387:
1380:
1371:
1344:Hira Lal Devpura
1319:Barkatullah Khan
1309:Tika Ram Paliwal
1304:Jai Narayan Vyas
1276:
1269:
1262:
1253:
1224:Preceded by
1216:
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728:
632:Tika Ram Paliwal
628:Jai Narayan Vyas
566:Jai Narayan Vyas
375:2 February 1982
347:Personal details
337:President's rule
333:
325:Jai Narayan Vyas
321:
312:
302:Barkatullah Khan
298:
290:President's rule
286:
277:
259:office abolished
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188:
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145:
133:
112:
95:
89:
77:
56:
35:
21:
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1977:
1976:
1971:
1964:
1876:
1829:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1787:
1782:
1775:
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1705:P. C. Alexander
1651:
1626:Bishnuram Medhi
1588:
1579:
1577:
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1354:Vasundhara Raje
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813:. p. 1008.
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590:princely states
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562:Gokulbhai Bhatt
526:
495:Yusuf Meherally
448:
394:Political party
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1490:Krishan Kant
1455:R D Bhandare
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1080:Bibliography
1066:
1054:. Retrieved
1025:. Retrieved
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983:. Retrieved
973:
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840:. Retrieved
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733:, p. 5.
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621:Matsya Union
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355:31 July 1916
332:Succeeded by
309:
297:Succeeded by
274:
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254:Succeeded by
219:
199:Succeeded by
191:
164:
144:Succeeded by
109:
88:Succeeded by
53:
18:
1993:1982 deaths
1988:1916 births
1867:Dharma Vira
1771:(incumbent)
1663:Ujjal Singh
1647:Ujjal Singh
1610:Sri Prakasa
1537:(incumbent)
881:Kochar 1999
869:Kochar 1999
797:Kochar 1999
785:Kochar 1999
773:Ralhan 2002
761:Kochar 1999
731:Kochar 1999
508:He married
499:Ashok Mehta
320:Preceded by
285:Preceded by
247:Dharma Vira
242:Preceded by
187:Preceded by
132:Preceded by
76:Preceded by
1982:Categories
1851:V. V. Giri
1768:R. N. Ravi
1656:Tamil Nadu
1615:A. J. John
1425:B S Sachar
1238:1976–1976
1056:26 October
1027:26 October
951:25 October
719:References
649:Jyoti Basu
518:Arya Samaj
479:B. G. Kher
468:Saurashtra
454:family of
446:Early life
440:Tamil Nadu
1881:Karnataka
985:20 August
842:20 August
594:Rajputana
460:Rajasthan
384:Rajasthan
377:(aged 65)
310:In office
275:In office
220:In office
165:In office
110:In office
54:In office
1913:S. Mohan
934:, p. 252
574:Bhilwara
533:fighter
510:Indubala
456:Jhalawar
358:Jhalawar
265:5th
155:1st
94:(Acting)
44:3rd
1073:, p. 47
968:, p. 23
922:, p. 98
910:, p. 99
895:, p. 97
470:teams.
380:Bikaner
1834:Mysore
1584:
1407:
1141:
1123:
1103:
1071:Kochar
966:Kochar
932:Sisson
920:Sisson
908:Sisson
893:Sisson
588:, 22
514:Beawar
464:Bombay
404:Spouse
1004:(PDF)
388:India
1139:ISBN
1121:ISBN
1101:ISBN
1058:2008
1029:2008
987:2008
953:2008
844:2008
497:and
475:VJTI
466:and
452:Jain
438:and
372:Died
352:Born
210:6th
100:7th
584:On
1984::
1915:$
1863:$
1691:$
1680:$
1638:$
1622:$
1037:^
1020:.
900:^
819:^
753:^
564:,
560:,
556:,
493:,
489:,
458:,
442:.
434:,
386:,
382:,
364:,
360:,
1951:#
1812:e
1805:t
1798:v
1759:#
1738:#
1727:#
1570:e
1563:t
1556:v
1393:e
1386:t
1379:v
1275:e
1268:t
1261:v
1060:.
1031:.
989:.
955:.
846:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
