1031:
purification of the mind that takes place by the practice of the six perfections. This path, he held, requires analytical mental activity and a commitment to the intentional accumulation of merit. Hwa shang held the “simultaneist” (cig car ba) view—that (for advanced adepts at least) enlightenment is not attained gradually through the purification of the mind, that for these individuals analytical activity is a distraction and the accumulation of merit unnecessary. Instead, he claimed, enlightenment, as something that is already immanent in the individual, can immediately be accessed by directing the mind internally, by ceasing mentation, and by becoming aware of the nature of mind itself. Most of the
Tibetan accounts tell us that Kamalashila won the debate, and this is said to have sealed the fate of Tibetan Buddhism forever. King Khri srong lde’u btsan, who served as “arbiter” or “judge” (dpang po) in the debate, declared that henceforth Tibetans would follow the Indian Buddhist tradition, in particular the system of Nagarjuna.
1370://bsam gtan nyId du ‘jug pa’I tshe/ bdag gI sems la bltas na/ cI yang sems dpa’ myed de myI bsam mo/ rtog pa’I sems g.yos na tshor bar bya/ cI ltar tshor bar bya zhe na/ gang g.yos pa’I sems de nyId/ g.yos pa dang ma g.yos par yang myI brtag/ yod pa dang myed par yang (2r) myI brtag/ dge ba dang myI dge bar yang myI brtag/ nyong mongs pa dang rnam par byang bar yang myI brtag/ ste// chos thams cad cI lta bur yang myI brtag go// sems g.yos pa de lta bur tshor na rang bzhin myed pa yIn te/ /de nI chos lam spyod pa zhes bya’
1219:
aware in this way of the arising (of thoughts, he perceives) the absence of self-existence After sitting (in this manner) for a long time, the mind will become tame, and one will realize that his awareness is also discriminating mind
Awareness itself is without name or form he awareness and place where it occurs cannot be obtained by any search. There is no way of reflecting on the inconceivable. Not to cling even to this absence of thought is (the immediate access of) the Tathagatas.
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1011:. This concession to the "gradualists", that not everyone can achieve the highest state of meditation, left Moheyan open to the charge that he had a dualistic approach to practice. To overcome these inconsistencies in his thesis, Moheyan claimed that when one gave up all conceptions, an automatic, all-at-once attainment of virtue resulted. He taught that there was an "internal" practice to gain
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1094:(or East Mountain Dharma Gate) teaching. As will become clear, Poa-t'ang and the Northern Ch'an dovetail in the Tibetan sources. Mo-ho-yen's teaching seems typical of late Northern Ch'an. It should be noted that Mo-ho-yen arrived on the central Tibetan scene somewhat late in comparison to the Ch'an transmissions from Szechwan.
1093:
Mo-ho-yen's teaching in Tibet as the famed proponent of the all-at-once gate can be summarized as "gazing-at-mind" (k'an-hsin... = sems la bltas and "no examining" (pu-kuan... = myi rtog pa) or "no-thought no-examining" (pu-ssu pu-kuan... = myi bsam myi rtog). "Gazing-at-mind" is an original
Northern
1035:
Most
Tibetan sources state that the debate was decided in Kamalaśīla's favour (though many Chinese sources claim Moheyan won) and Moheyan was required to leave the country and that all sudden-enlightenment texts were gathered and destroyed by royal decree. This was a pivotal event in the history of
1218:
When he enters a state of deep contemplation, he looks into his own mind. There being no-mind, he does not engage in thought. If thoughts of discrimination arise, he should become aware of them
Whatever thoughts arise, one does not examine He does not examine any dharma whatsoever. If he becomes
1169:
According to Buton
Rinchen Drub, Moheyan taught that carrying out good or evil acts binds one to transmigration. Moheyan's point is that the concept of good or false is itself still conceptual thinking, which obscures enlightenment. If all thought, good or bad, obscures enlightenment, then all
1030:
is supposed to have debated the
Chinese Ch’an master, Hwa shang Mahayana. The Tibetan sources tell us that the debate (shags) took place before the emperor. Kamalaśīla was the advocate of a “gradualist” (rim gyis pa) position, the view that enlightenment is attained through the incremental
971:. Following intense protests from Moheyan’s supporters, Trisong Detsen proposed to settle the matter by sponsoring a debate. The most famous of these debates has become known as the "Council of Lhasa", although it may have taken place at Samye, a considerable distance from
1286:
He is usually depicted as a rotund and jovial figure and holding a mala, or prayer beads in his left hand and a sankha, conch shell in his right. He is often considered a benefactor of children and is usually depicted with at least one or more playing children around
1006:
was seen as "gradualist", and
Moheyan held that these were only necessary for those of "dim" facility and "dull" propensity. Those of "sharp" and "keen" facility and propensity do not need these practices, as they have "direct" access to the truth through
1047:
Nevertheless, Chan texts were produced until the 10th century in Tibet, which casts doubt on these
Tibetan sources. One Chinese manuscript from Dunhuang (Pelliot chinois 4646) has the Tibetan emperor giving the teachings of Moheyan his seal of approval:
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in the so called "Council of Lhasa," a debate between adherents of the Indian teachings of "gradual enlightenment" and the
Chinese teachings of "sudden enlightenment," which according to tradition was won by the "gradual teachings."
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To turn the light towards the mind’s source, that is contemplating the mind one does not reflect on or observe whether thoughts are in movement or not, whether they are pure or not, whether they are empty or
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The Chan doctrine taught by Mahayana is a fully-justified development based on the text of the sutras; it is without error. From now on the monks and laity are permitted to practise and train in it under this
1750:
Gōmez, Luis O (1983), "The Direct and the Gradual Approaches of Zen Master Mahayana: Fragments of the Teachings of Mo-ho-yen in Studies in Ch'an and Hua-yen", in Gimello, Robert M.; Gregory, Peter N. (eds.),
1191:
ou should not suppress concepts. Whenever they arise, if you do not fabricate anything but instead let them go, then they will stay as they are and come to rest by themselves; thus you will not pursue them.
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The dichotomy of the gradual north and sudden south is a historical construction, as both Northern and Southern Schools contained "gradualist teachings" and "sudden teachings" and practices.
964:, then the center of emerging Tibetan Buddhism. Moheyan promulgated a variety of Chan Buddhism and disseminated teachings from Samye where he attracted a considerable number of followers.
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By turning the attention inward, one discovers that no "self-nature" can be found in the movements of the mind. Eventually, dhyana leads to the realisation that awareness is
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In the so-called “Great Debate” that the sources tell us took place at the then newly founded monastery of Bsam yas between 792 and 794 c.e., the renowned Indian scholar
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was often identified with the subitist ("sudden enlightenment") of Moheyan, and was called to defend itself against this charge by avowed members of the
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actions must be based on the simplest principles of conduct. To achieve proper conduct, all conceptions, without exception should be seen as false:
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yet, a principal point of Moheyan's teaching is that according to Moheyan, the root cause of samsara is the creation of false distinctions,
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Yamaguchi, Zuihō (1997), "The Core Elements of Indian Buddhism Introduced into Tibet", in Hubbard, Jamie; Swanson, Paul L. (eds.),
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1019:, or skillful means). These were seen as two independent practices, a concession to human psychology and scriptural tradition.
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1124:. Buton Rinchen Drub had chosen two points to summarize the conflict, which entails complex doctrinal and historical issues.
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Sam van Schaik notes that Moheyan "didn’t advocate the suppression of thoughts," but rather advised, in his own words:
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Gōmez gives a detailed account of the doctrinary differences that were at stake at the "council of Lhasa", based on
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Whilst the East Mountain Teachings (known as the "Northern School" Chan) were in decline, having been attacked by
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Most of what is known of Moheyan’s teaching comes from fragments of writings in Chinese and Tibetan found in the
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The Great Perfection and the Chinese Monk: rNyingmapa defences of Hwashang Mahāyāna in the Eighteenth Century
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Broughton, Jeffrey (1983), "Early Ch'an Schools in Tibet", in Gimello, Robert M.; Gregory, Peter N. (eds.),
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1836:"Hwa shang at the Border: Transformations of History and Reconstructions of Identity in Modern A mdo"
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According to Buton Rinchen Drub, the conflict centered around two theses set out by Moheyan:
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The Northern Ch'an School and Sudden Versus Gradual Enlightenment Debates in China and Tibet
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923:, in 781 or 787. For Moheyan, this was a new opportunity for the spread of (Northern) Chan.
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in Chinese, so the name literally means a Mahayana monk. He became famous for representing
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1150:"As long as one carries out good or evil acts, one is not free from transmigration."
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1161:. As long as these false distinctions are being created, one is bound to samsara.
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Moheyan’s teachings were a mixture of the East Mountain Teachings associated with
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is a collection of nine Chan texts, commencing with the teachings of Moheyan.
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History as Propaganda: Tibetan Exiles versus the People's Republic of China
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However, in 793 Trisong Detsen resolved that Moheyan did not hold the true
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915:) as a supposed "gradual enlightenment" teaching, Moheyan traveled to
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837:
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1358:; given the appellation of "Northern School" Chan by Shenhui (670-762)
1228:
The teachings of Moheyan and other Chan masters were unified with the
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and liberate one-self, and an "external" practice to liberate others (
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Long Scroll of the Treatise on the Two Entrances and Four Practices
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1201:, awareness should be reverted toward this awareness itself:
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Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies
1419:
This may or may not be congruent with the Kahma (Tibetan:
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that held to the staunch view of "gradual enlightenment"
1860:
Pruning the Bodhi Tree: The Storm over Critical Buddhism
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1174:
If one sees conceptions as no conception, one sees the
975:. For the famed Council of Lhasa, an Indian monk named
2014:
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1771:"'No-Thought' in Pao-T'ang Ch'an and Early Ati-Yoga"
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2001:
Tibetan Chan III: more teachings of Heshang Moheyan
1945:
Tibetan Chan III: more teachings of Heshang Moheyan
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1089:Chan. Broughton gives the following nomenclature:
1993:Tibetan Chan II: the teachings of Heshang Moheyan
1930:Tibetan Chan II: the teachings of Heshang Moheyan
1889:
1887:
1483:
1481:
1299:(SAMA) collection, St. Francis College, Loretto,
1284:
1216:
1203:
1189:
1172:
1091:
4021:
2030:
1711:"The Unifying of Rdzogs Pa Chen Po and Ch'an"
1569:
774:
758:
645:
8:
4803:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
1909:
1907:
1905:
4028:
4014:
4006:
3772:
3709:
3588:
3487:
3183:
3130:
3080:
2980:
2833:
2270:
2037:
2023:
2015:
1235:("Great Perfection") lineages through the
870:is a Tibetan approximation of the Chinese
784:
694:
652:
638:
18:
3898:Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance
1862:, Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press,
1557:
1468:"Sanskrit Dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit"
1266:According to Ying Chua, Moheyan is often
2911:Buddha's Light International Association
1139:). The manuscript given the appellation
5990:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
1883:
1458:
1323:
30:
6193:List of Buddhist architecture in China
2240:Who is the master that sees and hears?
1687:
1675:
1515:
998:. In this view, practices such as the
663:
1663:
1651:
1639:
1627:
1615:
1603:
1588:
1214:, and cannot be grasped by concepts:
731:
7:
1498:
1496:
1295:depiction of Moheyan is held in the
919:, which at the time belonged to the
1933:(accessed: Saturday April 17, 2010)
1530:"Tibetan Chan IV: The Great Debate"
1487:
5980:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
1916:Tibetan Chan I: The Emperor's Chan
1297:Southern Alleghenies Museum of Art
103:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
98:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
14:
2941:Dharma Realm Buddhist Association
886:). This, in turn, comes from the
6661:
6651:
6650:
6208:Thai temple art and architecture
5953:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
4193:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
4059:
4046:
4036:
3993:
3992:
3969:
3968:
2962:Dharma Realm Buddhist University
848:(摩訶衍) is a brief translation of
619:
38:
4060:
1899:. (accessed: January 14, 2008)]
1406:Cited in Paul Williams (1994),
6198:Japanese Buddhist architecture
6000:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
5080:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
4271:Places where the Buddha stayed
3565:Other Rinzai or Linji lineages
3433:Other Rinzai or Linji lineages
1755:, University of Hawaii Press,
1736:, University of Hawaii Press,
1528:Schaik, Sam van (2010-03-31).
1506:, p. 19. Wisdom Publications.
948:After teaching in the area of
832:
775:
759:
1:
6213:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
3471:Soto Zen Buddhist Association
3214:Tassajara Zen Mountain Center
1986:British Library IOL Tib J 468
1980:British Library IOL Tib J 709
5970:Buddhism and the Roman world
5946:Decline of Buddhism in India
5941:History of Buddhism in India
4041: Topics in
3535:Throssel Hole Buddhist Abbey
3167:Trúc Lâm Monastery of Da Lat
2946:City of Ten Thousand Buddhas
2916:Four Heavenly Kings (Taiwan)
1769:Hanson-Barber, A.W. (1985),
1753:Studies in Ch'an and Hua-yen
1734:Studies in Ch'an and Hua-yen
1333:is an ancient aspect of the
983:, while Moheyan represented
301:Buddhist Paths to liberation
6689:Tang dynasty Buddhist monks
5168:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
4908:
3540:Norwich Zen Buddhist Priory
1790:, Oxford University Press,
6715:
6118:The unanswerable questions
3676:Institutional organisation
3604:Buddhist initiation ritual
3424:Dai Bosatsu Zendo Kongo-ji
2904:Contemperory Organizations
1715:Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal
1066:
1022:According to José Cabezón:
941:
6646:
6203:Buddhist temples in Korea
4766:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
4669:Three planes of existence
4276:Buddha in world religions
4055:
3964:
3844:Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind
3286:Zen Center of Los Angeles
979:was invited to represent
952:, Moheyan was invited by
883:
836:) was a late 8th century
823:
783:
693:
685:
666:
16:8th century Buddhist monk
5985:Persecution of Buddhists
5206:Four stages of awakening
4587:Three marks of existence
4173:Physical characteristics
3209:San Francisco Zen Center
2740:Karlfried Graf Dürckheim
2085:Zen in the United States
1812:Schaik, Sam van (2007),
753:Traditional Chinese
5348:Ten principal disciples
4231:(aunt, adoptive mother)
3683:Zen ranks and hierarchy
1991:Sam van Schaik (2008),
1943:Sam van schaik (2008),
1928:Sam van Schaik (2008),
1914:Sam van Schaik (2008),
1834:Schrempf, Mona (2006),
1369:
769:Simplified Chinese
733:[haɕaŋmahajana]
321:Philosophical reasoning
6058:Buddhism and democracy
5571:Tibetan Buddhist canon
5566:Chinese Buddhist canon
4798:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
4793:Early Buddhist schools
3335:Philip Kapleau lineage
3306:Geoffrey Shugen Arnold
3199:Zentatsu Richard Baker
3187:Shunryū Suzuki lineage
3057:Academic organizations
2955:Academic organizations
2849:East Mountain Teaching
2203:Three Mysterious Gates
1999:Sam van Schaik (2008,
1709:Barber, A. W. (1990),
1502:Cabezón, José (2007).
1289:
1247:. The Dzogchen of the
1221:
1208:
1193:
1180:
1096:
1069:East Mountain Teaching
1055:
1033:
1000:perfection of morality
939:
842:East Mountain Teaching
88:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
6068:Eight Consciousnesses
4178:Life of Buddha in art
3556:Shinzan Miyamae Roshi
3498:Hugo Enomiya-Lassalle
3402:Soen Nakagawa lineage
3091:Nine mountain schools
2693:Hugo Enomiya-Lassalle
1804:Ray, Gary L. (2005),
1786:Powers, John (2004),
1504:Freedom from Extremes
1245:Rongzom Chokyi Zangpo
1050:
1024:
990:While Moheyan took a
935:The main building of
934:
708:hwa shang ma hā yā na
356:Aids to Enlightenment
181:Dependent Origination
6545:East Asian religions
5975:Buddhism in the West
5546:Early Buddhist texts
5161:Four Right Exertions
4627:Ten spiritual realms
4120:Noble Eightfold Path
3858:Three Pillars of Zen
3819:The Gateless Barrier
3585:Hierarchy and titles
3347:Rochester Zen Center
2921:Dharma Drum Mountain
2208:Four Ways of Knowing
2188:Sudden Enlightenment
2094:Doctrinal background
2009:On Thoughts in Zazen
1367:IOL Tib J 468: (1v)
1131:of Dunhuang (now in
840:associated with the
326:Devotional practices
149:Noble Eightfold Path
6694:Chan Buddhist monks
6668:Religion portal
6415:Temple of the Tooth
6294:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
5333:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
4826:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
4609:Two truths doctrine
4429:Mahapajapati Gotamī
4229:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3739:Main Rinzai Temples
3688:Dharma transmission
3523:Other Sōtō lineages
3507:Kōdō Sawaki lineage
3440:Kyozan Joshu Sasaki
3419:Zen Studies Society
3388:Gudō Wafu Nishijima
3378:Kōbun Chino Otogawa
3361:Other Sōtō lineages
3271:Robert Baker Aitken
3223:Kōdō Sawaki lineage
2859:Five Houses of Chán
2844:Five Houses of Chán
2106:East Asian Yogācāra
1984:Moheyan (undated).
1978:Moheyan (undated).
1894:Chua, Ying (1998),
1666:, pp. 108–109.
1434:cig car gyi ‘jug pa
1270:depicted holding a
626:Buddhism portal
499:Buddhism by country
261:Sanskrit literature
6590:Western philosophy
6188:Dzong architecture
6010:Vipassana movement
6005:Buddhist modernism
5433:Emperor Wen of Sui
5201:Pratyekabuddhayāna
5134:Threefold Training
4936:Vipassana movement
4652:Hungry Ghost realm
4472:Avidyā (Ignorance)
4419:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
4168:Great Renunciation
4163:Eight Great Events
4045:
3925:Pure Land Buddhism
3890:Cultural influence
3693:Zen lineage charts
3326:Kanzeon Zen Center
3162:Vạn Hạnh Monastery
3100:Contemporary sects
2931:Tzu Chi Foundation
2411:Liangshan Yuanguan
2120:Influential Sutras
1962:2008-07-20 at the
1822:on August 29, 2007
1570:Hanson-Barber 1985
1165:Good and evil acts
1111:Buton Rinchen Drub
940:
113:Buddhist modernism
6699:Rangtong-Shentong
6676:
6675:
6314:Om mani padme hum
6020:Women in Buddhism
5936:Buddhist councils
5806:Western countries
5594:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
5355:Shaolin Monastery
4932:Samatha-vipassanā
4542:Pratītyasamutpāda
4346:Metteyya/Maitreya
4264:
4256:
4248:
4240:
4232:
4224:
4216:
4093:Four Noble Truths
4003:
4002:
3941:Heinrich Dumoulin
3934:Academic research
3885:
3884:
3764:
3763:
3713:Main Sōtō Temples
3701:
3700:
3580:
3579:
3530:Houn Jiyu-Kennett
3479:
3478:
3291:White Plum Asanga
3175:
3174:
3120:
3119:
3072:
3071:
3048:Ningen Zen Kyodan
3036:Lay organizations
2970:
2969:
2825:
2824:
2712:White Plum Asanga
2331:Dongshan Liangjie
2147:Vimalakirti Sutra
2132:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra
1869:978-0-8248-1949-1
1797:978-0-19-517426-7
1654:, pp. 74–75.
1472:spokensanskrit.de
1466:Glashoff, Klaus.
1408:Mahayana Buddhism
1339:Chinese religions
1276:(Sanskrit) and a
813:
812:
809:
808:
794:Standard Mandarin
739:
738:
662:
661:
144:Four Noble Truths
6706:
6666:
6665:
6654:
6653:
6493:Sacred languages
6341:Maya Devi Temple
6304:Mahabodhi Temple
6108:Secular Buddhism
6073:Engaged Buddhism
4913:
4761:Tibetan Buddhism
4712:Vietnamese Thiền
4311:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
4262:
4254:
4246:
4238:
4230:
4222:
4214:
4063:
4062:
4050:
4040:
4030:
4023:
4016:
4007:
3996:
3995:
3972:
3971:
3956:William Bodiford
3773:
3710:
3589:
3514:Taisen Deshimaru
3488:
3414:Eido Tai Shimano
3301:John Daido Loori
3254:Yasutani lineage
3184:
3131:
3126:Vietnamese Thiền
3084:Historical sects
3081:
2984:Historical sects
2981:
2837:Historical sects
2834:
2785:Vietnamese Thiền
2451:Tiantong Zongjue
2446:Zhenxie Qingliao
2436:Hongzhi Zhengjue
2366:Dongshan Shouchu
2346:Nanyang Huizhong
2341:Baizhang Huaihai
2316:Baizhang Huaihai
2271:
2152:Avatamsaka Sutra
2080:Vietnamese Thiền
2039:
2032:
2025:
2016:
1966:
1957:Kaladarshan Arts
1954:
1948:
1940:
1934:
1925:
1919:
1911:
1900:
1891:
1872:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1818:, archived from
1808:
1800:
1782:
1765:
1746:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1691:
1685:
1679:
1673:
1667:
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1592:
1586:
1573:
1567:
1561:
1555:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1525:
1519:
1518:, p. 38-44.
1513:
1507:
1500:
1491:
1485:
1476:
1475:
1463:
1448:
1446:rim gyis ‘jug pa
1442:
1436:
1430:
1424:
1417:
1411:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1374:
1372:
1365:
1359:
1356:tung-shan fa-men
1352:
1346:
1328:
1291:An iconographic
1268:iconographically
1102:Liberation from
1063:Sudden teachings
1038:Tibetan Buddhism
927:Council of Lhasa
903:Dunhuang sojourn
885:
834:
825:
785:
779:
778:
777:
763:
762:
761:
735:
695:
689:
688:
664:
654:
647:
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624:
623:
351:Sublime abidings
42:
19:
6714:
6713:
6709:
6708:
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6704:
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6678:
6677:
6672:
6660:
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6594:
6509:
6424:
6161:Ordination hall
6122:
6024:
5995:Buddhist crisis
5907:
5604:
5556:Mahayana sutras
5532:
5528:Thích Nhất Hạnh
5359:
5232:
5172:
5122:Bodhisattva vow
4807:
4673:
4613:
4572:Taṇhā (Craving)
4507:Five hindrances
4458:
4350:
4280:
4134:
4079:
4051:
4034:
4004:
3999:
3960:
3929:
3908:Related schools
3903:
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3459:
3455:Keido Fukushima
3428:
3397:
3383:Gyokuko Carlson
3373:Dainin Katagiri
3356:
3330:
3311:Zen Peacemakers
3296:Bernie Glassman
3261:Hakuun Yasutani
3249:
3245:Shōhaku Okumura
3218:
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2854:Hongzhou school
2821:
2812:Thích Nhất Hạnh
2780:
2749:
2728:
2707:
2688:Hakuun Yasutani
2676:
2655:
2651:Keido Fukushima
2614:
2598:Traditional Zen
2593:
2562:
2536:
2470:
2461:Tiantong Rujing
2441:Wansong Xingxiu
2416:Dayang Jingxuan
2391:Yunyan Tansheng
2376:Qingyuan Xingsi
2306:Nanyue Huairang
2291:Jianzhi Sengcan
2262:
2212:
2161:
2157:Śūraṅgama Sūtra
2115:
2089:
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1975:
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1969:
1964:Wayback Machine
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1702:Printed sources
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1083:Yuquan Shenxiu
1079:
1067:Main articles:
1065:
1060:
1002:, and studying
981:Indian Buddhism
946:
929:
905:
900:
865:
833:Héshang Móhēyǎn
816:Heshang Moheyan
805:Héshang Móhēyǎn
773:
757:
718:Haxang Mahayana
687:ཧྭ་ཤང་མ་ཧཱ་ཡཱ་ན
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251:Mahayana Sutras
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161:Five Aggregates
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108:Later Buddhists
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6225:Greco-Buddhist
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5958:Greco-Buddhism
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5600:Abhidharmadīpa
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5518:B. R. Ambedkar
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5438:Songtsen Gampo
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5119:
5117:Eight precepts
5114:
5104:
5103:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5077:
5076:
5075:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5054:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5012:
5011:
5006:
4996:
4991:
4990:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4939:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4905:
4895:
4890:
4888:Five Strengths
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4854:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4828:
4823:
4817:
4815:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4779:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4753:
4752:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4715:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4683:
4681:
4675:
4674:
4672:
4671:
4666:
4665:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4629:
4623:
4621:
4615:
4614:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4605:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4527:Mental factors
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4468:
4466:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4379:Mahamoggallāna
4376:
4371:
4366:
4360:
4358:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4302:
4301:
4294:Avalokiteśvara
4290:
4288:
4282:
4281:
4279:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4267:
4266:
4258:
4250:
4242:
4234:
4226:
4218:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4144:
4142:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4095:
4089:
4087:
4081:
4080:
4078:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4025:
4018:
4010:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3985:
3978:
3965:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3911:
3909:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3893:
3891:
3887:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3871:
3869:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3854:
3851:The Way of Zen
3847:
3839:
3837:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3829:
3822:
3815:
3808:
3801:
3794:
3791:Platform Sutra
3787:
3779:
3777:
3770:
3769:Zen literature
3766:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3742:
3740:
3736:
3735:
3733:
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3727:
3722:
3716:
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3707:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3698:
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3690:
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3679:
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3510:
3508:
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3492:
3485:
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3477:
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3467:
3465:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3436:
3434:
3430:
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3427:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3405:
3403:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3364:
3362:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3342:Philip Kapleau
3338:
3336:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3281:Taizan Maezumi
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3257:
3255:
3251:
3250:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3240:Kōshō Uchiyama
3237:
3232:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3194:Shunryū Suzuki
3190:
3188:
3181:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3164:
3158:
3156:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3137:
3135:
3128:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3109:
3103:
3101:
3097:
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3087:
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3069:
3067:
3066:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3039:
3037:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2987:
2985:
2978:
2972:
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2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2936:Chung Tai Shan
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2907:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2895:Guiyang school
2892:
2890:Caodong school
2887:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
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2846:
2840:
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2831:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2817:Thích Thanh Từ
2814:
2809:
2804:
2802:Trần Nhân Tông
2799:
2794:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2781:
2779:
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2773:
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2763:
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2748:
2747:
2742:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2721:
2719:Taizan Maezumi
2715:
2713:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2703:Philip Kapleau
2700:
2695:
2690:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2672:Shunryū Suzuki
2669:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2622:
2620:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2601:
2599:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2570:
2568:
2567:Modern Guiyang
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2544:
2542:
2541:Modern Caodong
2538:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2456:Xuedou Zhijian
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2406:Tongan Guanzhi
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2386:Yaoshan Weiyan
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2277:
2275:
2274:Classical Chan
2268:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2231:
2226:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2127:Zen scriptures
2123:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2034:
2027:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2004:
1996:
1988:
1982:
1974:
1973:External links
1971:
1968:
1967:
1949:
1935:
1920:
1901:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1868:
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1562:
1558:Broughton 1983
1545:
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1457:
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1449:
1437:
1425:
1412:
1399:
1387:
1375:
1360:
1354:Chinese: 東山法門
1347:
1341:, as it is in
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1315:
1308:
1305:
1263:
1260:
1239:(Tibetan for "
1225:
1222:
1195:By practicing
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1166:
1163:
1155:
1154:
1151:
1106:
1100:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1004:Buddhist texts
958:Tibetan Empire
954:Trisong Detsen
942:Main article:
928:
925:
921:Tibetan Empire
911:(a student of
904:
901:
899:
896:
864:
861:
811:
810:
807:
806:
803:
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796:
790:
789:
788:Transcriptions
781:
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755:
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737:
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720:
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714:Tibetan Pinyin
710:
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698:Transcriptions
691:
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416:Pratyekabuddha
413:
408:
403:
397:
392:
391:
388:
387:
384:
383:
378:
373:
371:Buddhist chant
368:
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358:
353:
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343:
338:
333:
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229:Buddhist texts
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6430:Miscellaneous
6427:
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6420:Vegetarianism
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6243:
6242:Buddha in art
6240:
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6230:
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5896:United States
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5454:
5453:Padmasambhava
5451:
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5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5370:
5368:
5366:
5365:Major figures
5362:
5356:
5353:
5349:
5346:
5345:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5312:
5311:Western tulku
5309:
5308:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5243:
5241:
5239:
5235:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5208:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5194:
5192:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5179:
5175:
5169:
5166:
5162:
5159:
5158:
5157:
5154:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5136:
5135:
5132:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5112:Five precepts
5110:
5109:
5108:
5105:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5090:Dhamma vicaya
5088:
5086:
5083:
5082:
5081:
5078:
5074:
5071:
5070:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5038:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5001:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4937:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4912:
4911:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4858:Buddhābhiṣeka
4856:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4833:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4818:
4816:
4814:
4810:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4789:
4786:
4784:
4781:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4757:
4754:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4694:
4693:
4690:
4689:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4680:
4676:
4670:
4667:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4634:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4620:
4616:
4610:
4607:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4589:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4502:Enlightenment
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4492:Dhamma theory
4490:
4488:
4487:Buddha-nature
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4469:
4467:
4465:
4461:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4361:
4359:
4357:
4353:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4326:Samantabhadra
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4300:
4297:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4289:
4287:
4283:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4265:
4259:
4257:
4251:
4249:
4243:
4241:
4235:
4233:
4227:
4225:
4219:
4217:
4211:
4210:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4141:
4137:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4088:
4086:
4082:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4058:
4057:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4031:
4026:
4024:
4019:
4017:
4012:
4011:
4008:
3991:
3990:
3986:
3984:
3983:
3982:Zen Buddhists
3979:
3977:
3976:
3967:
3966:
3963:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3936:
3932:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3906:
3900:
3899:
3895:
3894:
3892:
3888:
3878:
3877:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3866:
3860:
3859:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3848:
3846:
3845:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3834:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3816:
3814:
3813:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3802:
3800:
3799:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3774:
3771:
3767:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3737:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3704:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3674:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3632:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3590:
3587:
3583:
3573:
3572:Kaishin Inshu
3570:
3569:
3567:
3563:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3551:
3547:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3521:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3505:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3489:
3486:
3482:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3431:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3409:Soen Nakagawa
3407:
3406:
3404:
3400:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3368:Sōyū Matsuoka
3366:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3321:Dennis Merzel
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3252:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3153:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3123:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3098:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3082:
3079:
3075:
3065:
3062:
3061:
3059:
3055:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3034:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2973:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2953:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2926:Fo Guang Shan
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2902:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2870:
2869:Yunmen school
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2835:
2832:
2828:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2752:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2725:
2724:Dennis Merzel
2722:
2720:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2698:Robert Aitken
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2646:Soen Nakagawa
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2626:Imakita Kosen
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:Modern Rinzai
2617:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2539:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2492:Nan Huai-Chin
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2475:Modern Lingji
2473:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2431:Danxia Zichun
2429:
2427:
2426:Furong Daokai
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2396:Yunju Daoying
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2381:Shitou Xiqian
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2361:Yunmen Wenyan
2359:
2357:
2356:Xuefeng Yicun
2354:
2352:
2351:Dahui Zonggao
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2321:Huangbo Xiyun
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2265:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2234:Koan practice
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2137:Diamond Sutra
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2118:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2101:Buddha-nature
2099:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2065:Chan Buddhism
2063:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2053:Main articles
2051:
2047:
2040:
2035:
2033:
2028:
2026:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2007:Vladimir K.,
2005:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1877:
1871:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1832:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1802:
1799:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1767:
1764:
1762:0-8248-0835-5
1758:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1743:0-8248-0835-5
1739:
1735:
1730:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1689:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1645:
1642:, p. 93.
1641:
1636:
1633:
1630:, p. 90.
1629:
1624:
1621:
1618:, p. 74.
1617:
1612:
1609:
1606:, p. 71.
1605:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1591:, p. 70.
1590:
1585:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1535:
1531:
1524:
1521:
1517:
1512:
1509:
1505:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1469:
1462:
1459:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1429:
1426:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1409:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1379:
1376:
1371:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1327:
1324:
1318:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1223:
1220:
1215:
1213:
1207:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1171:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1159:vikalpa-citta
1152:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1141:IOL Tib J 709
1138:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1123:
1122:
1116:
1112:
1105:
1104:vikalpa-citta
1101:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1078:
1074:
1073:Chan Buddhism
1070:
1062:
1057:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1001:
997:
996:enlightenment
993:
988:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
965:
963:
960:to settle at
959:
955:
951:
945:
938:
933:
926:
924:
922:
918:
914:
910:
902:
897:
895:
893:
889:
881:
877:
876:Buddhist monk
873:
869:
862:
860:
857:
856:Chan Buddhism
853:
852:
847:
843:
839:
838:Buddhist monk
835:
829:
821:
817:
804:
802:
798:
795:
791:
786:
782:
772:
770:
766:
756:
754:
750:
746:
742:
734:
730:
728:
725:
721:
717:
715:
711:
707:
705:
701:
696:
692:
684:
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382:
381:Vegetarianism
379:
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369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
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344:
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336:Recollections
334:
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307:
306:Five precepts
304:
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299:
297:
294:
293:
290:
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277:
274:
272:
271:Chinese canon
269:
267:
266:Tibetan canon
264:
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56:
53:
51:
48:
47:
46:
45:
41:
37:
36:
33:
29:
25:
21:
20:
6608:Bodhisattvas
6528:Christianity
6523:Baháʼí Faith
6388:Dharmachakra
6378:Prayer wheel
6368:Prayer beads
6136:Architecture
6015:969 Movement
5799:Saudi Arabia
5777:Central Asia
5770:South Africa
5592:
5575:
5508:Panchen Lama
5413:Buddhapālita
5009:Satipatthana
5004:Mindful Yoga
4917:Recollection
4831:Brahmavihara
4702:Japanese Zen
4697:Chinese Chan
4657:Animal realm
4464:Key concepts
4286:Bodhisattvas
4098:Three Jewels
3987:
3980:
3975:Zen Buddhism
3973:
3951:Steven Heine
3896:
3874:
3856:
3849:
3842:
3824:
3817:
3810:
3803:
3796:
3789:
3782:
3549:Zendo Kyodan
3491:Sanbo Kyodan
3484:European Zen
3450:Shodo Harada
3276:John Tarrant
3266:Sanbo Kyodan
3204:Mel Weitsman
3134:Extant sects
3064:Kyoto School
3043:Sanbo Kyodan
3010:Extant sects
2976:Japanese Zen
2885:Linji school
2878:Extant sects
2864:Fayan school
2830:Chinese Chán
2681:Sanbo Kyodan
2641:D. T. Suzuki
2610:Hakuin Ekaku
2466:Xueting Fuyu
2421:Touzi Yiqing
2401:Tongan Daopi
2371:Yuanwu Keqin
2326:Linji Yixuan
2075:Japanese Zen
2008:
2000:
1992:
1952:
1944:
1938:
1929:
1923:
1915:
1895:
1859:
1848:, retrieved
1843:
1839:
1824:, retrieved
1820:the original
1814:
1805:
1787:
1778:
1774:
1752:
1733:
1724:November 30,
1722:, retrieved
1718:
1714:
1683:
1671:
1659:
1647:
1635:
1623:
1611:
1565:
1560:, p. 9.
1537:. Retrieved
1533:
1523:
1511:
1503:
1471:
1461:
1445:
1440:
1433:
1428:
1420:
1415:
1407:
1402:
1395:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1363:
1355:
1350:
1326:
1301:Pennsylvania
1290:
1285:
1282:(Sanskrit):
1277:
1271:
1265:
1236:
1227:
1217:
1209:
1204:
1196:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1183:Not-thinking
1173:
1168:
1158:
1156:
1145:
1140:
1126:
1121:Bhāvanākrama
1118:
1114:
1108:
1103:
1097:
1092:
1080:
1051:
1046:
1034:
1025:
1021:
994:approach to
989:
985:Chinese Chan
966:
947:
944:Samye Debate
906:
891:
871:
867:
866:
849:
845:
831:
815:
814:
801:Hanyu Pinyin
331:Merit making
296:Three Jewels
236:Buddhavacana
166:Impermanence
154:Dharma wheel
6453:Dharma talk
6282:Asalha Puja
6078:Eschatology
5881:Switzerland
5861:New Zealand
5789:Middle East
5698:Philippines
5618:Afghanistan
5423:Bodhidharma
5408:Buddhaghosa
5328:Householder
5238:Monasticism
5191:Bodhisattva
5046:Prostration
4999:Mindfulness
4927:Anapanasati
4910:Kammaṭṭhāna
4707:Korean Seon
4647:Asura realm
4642:Human realm
4582:Ten Fetters
4537:Parinirvana
4439:Uppalavanna
4404:Mahākaccana
4389:Mahākassapa
4321:Kṣitigarbha
4316:Ākāśagarbha
4213:Suddhodāna
4158:Four sights
4085:Foundations
3798:Xinxin Ming
3464:Pan-lineage
3445:Omori Sogen
3393:Brad Warner
3352:Toni Packer
3230:Kōdō Sawaki
3112:Jogye Order
3107:Taego Order
3077:Korean Seon
2754:Korean Seon
2745:Muhō Noelke
2667:Kōdō Sawaki
2660:Modern Sōtō
2631:Soyen Shaku
2532:Shi Yinshun
2296:Dayi Daoxin
2281:Bodhidharma
2142:Heart Sūtra
2070:Korean Seon
1878:Web-sources
1826:January 14,
1688:Schaik 2007
1676:Barber 1990
1534:early Tibet
1516:Powers 2004
1410:, p.195-196
1262:Iconography
1129:Mogao Caves
894:"teacher".
566:New Zealand
421:Bodhisattva
406:Four Stages
361:Monasticism
341:Mindfulness
311:Perfections
241:Early Texts
6683:Categories
6570:Psychology
6550:Gnosticism
6538:Comparison
6533:Influences
6515:Comparison
6398:Bhavacakra
6356:Kushinagar
6331:Pilgrimage
6277:Māgha Pūjā
6232:Bodhi Tree
6048:Buddhology
6038:Abhidharma
6030:Philosophy
5963:Menander I
5831:Costa Rica
5782:Uzbekistan
5623:Bangladesh
5577:Dhammapada
5561:Pali Canon
5523:Ajahn Chah
5503:Dalai Lama
5403:Kumārajīva
5398:Vasubandhu
5373:The Buddha
5281:Zen master
5216:Sakadagami
5196:Buddhahood
5127:Pratimokṣa
4942:Shikantaza
4898:Meditation
4873:Deity yoga
4744:Madhyamaka
4637:Deva realm
4532:Mindstream
4482:Bodhicitta
4394:Aṅgulimāla
4261:Devadatta
4237:Yaśodharā
4140:The Buddha
4130:Middle Way
3876:Zen at War
3826:Shōbōgenzō
3751:Daitoku-ji
3746:Myōshin-ji
3667:Zen master
3613:Attendants
3146:Wu Yantong
2771:Seongcheol
2733:German Zen
2311:Mazu Daoyi
2286:Dazu Huike
2229:Shikantaza
2183:Five Ranks
2178:Shikantaza
1850:August 18,
1781:(2): 61–73
1664:Gōmez 1983
1652:Gōmez 1983
1640:Gōmez 1983
1628:Gōmez 1983
1616:Gōmez 1983
1604:Gōmez 1983
1589:Gōmez 1983
1539:2024-08-29
1454:References
1423:) lineages
1345:tradition.
1241:omniscient
1028:Kamalaśīla
1009:meditation
987:Buddhism.
977:Kamalaśīla
439:Traditions
376:Pilgrimage
316:Meditation
276:Post-canon
256:Pāli Canon
186:Middle Way
83:The Buddha
6638:Festivals
6618:Buddhists
6580:Theosophy
6383:Symbolism
6373:Hama yumi
6346:Bodh Gaya
6113:Socialism
6088:Evolution
6063:Economics
5901:Venezuela
5816:Australia
5811:Argentina
5735:Sri Lanka
5730:Singapore
5648:Indonesia
5610:Countries
5551:Tripiṭaka
5513:Ajahn Mun
5388:Nagarjuna
5383:Aśvaghoṣa
5266:Anagārika
5261:Śrāmaṇerī
5256:Śrāmaṇera
5251:Bhikkhunī
5211:Sotāpanna
5100:Passaddhi
5041:Offerings
5016:Nekkhamma
4893:Iddhipada
4813:Practices
4783:Theravada
4756:Vajrayana
4749:Yogachara
4719:Pure Land
4632:Six Paths
4619:Cosmology
4399:Anuruddha
4374:Sāriputta
4364:Kaundinya
4356:Disciples
4331:Vajrapāṇi
4183:Footprint
4148:Tathāgata
3989:Zen texts
3946:Masao Abe
3812:Denkoroku
3756:Tōfuku-ji
3620:Jikijitsu
3316:Joko Beck
2792:Pháp Hiền
2766:Seungsahn
2579:Hsuan Hua
2558:Sheng-yen
2522:Wei Chueh
2517:Cheng Yen
2512:Hsing Yun
2507:Sheng-yen
2173:Ten Bulls
2166:Teachings
1444:Tibetan:
1432:Tibetan:
1396:chien-men
1394:Chinese:
1382:Chinese:
1343:Himalayan
1331:Dialectic
1224:Influence
1176:Tathāgata
1115:Chos-'yun
1058:Teachings
898:Biography
892:upādhyāya
863:Etymology
586:Sri Lanka
576:Singapore
531:Indonesia
471:Vajrayāna
446:Theravāda
401:Awakening
289:Practices
246:Tripiṭaka
216:Cosmology
191:Emptiness
171:Suffering
6656:Category
6585:Violence
6555:Hinduism
6503:Sanskrit
6458:Hinayana
6443:Amitābha
6403:Swastika
6272:Uposatha
6262:Holidays
6247:Calendar
6093:Humanism
5931:Kanishka
5921:Timeline
5745:Thailand
5713:Kalmykia
5708:Buryatia
5693:Pakistan
5678:Mongolia
5673:Maldives
5668:Malaysia
5633:Cambodia
5498:Shamarpa
5493:Nichiren
5443:Xuanzang
5378:Nagasena
5296:Rinpoche
5026:Pāramitā
4868:Devotion
4788:Navayana
4776:Dzogchen
4739:Nichiren
4687:Mahayana
4679:Branches
4557:Saṅkhāra
4306:Mañjuśrī
4263:(cousin)
4255:(cousin)
4223:(mother)
4215:(father)
4203:Miracles
4153:Birthday
4070:Glossary
4043:Buddhism
3868:Critical
3805:Sandokai
3730:Antai-ji
3720:Eihei-ji
3235:Antai-ji
3141:Trúc Lâm
2996:Fuke-shū
2807:Pháp Loa
2797:Vạn Hạnh
2636:Sokei-an
2589:Chuanyin
2497:Yuanying
2253:Zazenkai
2217:Practice
1960:Archived
1488:Ray 2005
1307:See also
1256:lineages
1237:Kunkhyen
1233:Dzogchen
1077:Subitism
992:subitist
950:Dunhuang
917:Dunhuang
888:Sanskrit
868:Hwashang
851:Mahayana
596:Thailand
556:Mongolia
551:Malaysia
516:Cambodia
481:Navayana
461:Hinayana
456:Mahāyāna
366:Lay life
196:Morality
176:Not-self
134:Concepts
93:Councils
78:Timeline
50:Glossary
32:Buddhism
24:a series
22:Part of
6633:Temples
6613:Buddhas
6575:Science
6565:Judaism
6560:Jainism
6478:Lineage
6438:Abhijñā
6408:Thangka
6351:Sarnath
6336:Lumbini
6257:Funeral
6252:Cuisine
6128:Culture
6103:Reality
6053:Creator
6043:Atomism
5913:History
5886:Ukraine
5846:Germany
5765:Senegal
5755:Vietnam
5683:Myanmar
5483:Shinran
5473:Karmapa
5448:Shandao
5418:Dignāga
5343:Śrāvaka
5323:Donchee
5318:Kappiya
5276:Sayadaw
5246:Bhikkhu
5221:Anāgāmi
5178:Nirvana
5144:Samadhi
5031:Paritta
4972:Tonglen
4967:Mandala
4922:Smarana
4903:Mantras
4851:Upekkha
4821:Bhavana
4771:Shingon
4724:Tiantai
4577:Tathātā
4567:Śūnyatā
4562:Skandha
4552:Saṃsāra
4547:Rebirth
4522:Kleshas
4512:Indriya
4414:Subhūti
4299:Guanyin
4253:Ānanda
4245:Rāhula
4125:Nirvana
4065:Outline
3920:Tiantai
3776:Classic
3725:Sōji-ji
3706:Temples
3650:Teacher
3180:USA Zen
3001:Niō Zen
2584:Yicheng
2553:Dongchu
2527:Yicheng
2502:Benhuan
2336:Huineng
2301:Hongren
2267:Persons
2248:Sesshin
2111:Śūnyatā
1697:Sources
1421:bka' ma
1384:tun-men
1293:thangka
1273:shankha
1249:Nyingma
1087:Baotang
1013:insight
956:of the
913:Huineng
909:Shenhui
880:Chinese
872:héshàng
846:Moheyan
820:Chinese
745:Chinese
681:Tibetan
673:Tibetan
667:Moheyan
606:Vietnam
561:Myanmar
476:Tibetan
466:Chinese
394:Nirvāṇa
211:Saṃsāra
206:Rebirth
71:History
60:Outline
6628:Sutras
6623:Suttas
6488:Siddhi
6473:Koliya
6448:Brahmā
6363:Poetry
6309:Mantra
6299:Kasaya
6171:Pagoda
6151:Kyaung
6146:Vihāra
6141:Temple
6083:Ethics
5926:Ashoka
5876:Sweden
5871:Poland
5866:Norway
5856:Mexico
5841:France
5826:Canada
5821:Brazil
5760:Africa
5740:Taiwan
5703:Russia
5628:Bhutan
5588:Vinaya
5468:Naropa
5458:Saraha
5393:Asanga
5149:Prajñā
5058:Refuge
5021:Nianfo
4982:Tertön
4977:Tantra
4962:Ganana
4952:Tukdam
4878:Dhyāna
4846:Mudita
4841:Karuṇā
4734:Risshū
4729:Huayan
4662:Naraka
4602:Anattā
4597:Dukkha
4592:Anicca
4497:Dharma
4449:Channa
4384:Ānanda
4369:Assaji
4336:Skanda
4239:(wife)
4208:Family
4188:Relics
4113:Sangha
4108:Dharma
4103:Buddha
3915:Huayan
3836:Modern
3657:Sensei
3634:Priest
3592:Novice
3155:Temple
3022:Rinzai
2776:Daewon
2198:Satori
2193:Kenshō
1896:Arhats
1866:
1846:: 1–32
1794:
1759:
1740:
1335:Indian
1198:dhyana
1119:Third
1075:, and
1053:edict.
969:Dharma
890:title
882::
830::
828:pinyin
822::
591:Taiwan
571:Russia
511:Brazil
506:Bhutan
426:Buddha
346:Wisdom
129:Dharma
6600:Lists
6468:Kalpa
6463:Iddhi
6326:Music
6321:Mudra
6287:Vassa
6267:Vesak
6237:Budai
6183:Candi
6166:Stupa
6098:Logic
5851:Italy
5750:Tibet
5688:Nepal
5658:Korea
5653:Japan
5643:India
5638:China
5583:Sutra
5538:Texts
5488:Dōgen
5478:Hōnen
5463:Atiśa
5428:Zhiyi
5338:Achar
5306:Tulku
5301:Geshe
5286:Rōshi
5271:Ajahn
5226:Arhat
5186:Bodhi
5156:Vīrya
5073:Sacca
5068:Satya
5063:Sādhu
5051:Music
4994:Merit
4987:Terma
4947:Zazen
4883:Faith
4836:Mettā
4517:Karma
4477:Bardo
4444:Asita
4434:Khema
4424:Upāli
4409:Nanda
4247:(son)
4221:Māyā
4198:Films
4075:Index
3662:Rōshi
3625:Jisha
3599:Unsui
3027:Ōbaku
2991:Nōnin
2761:Jinul
2605:Dōgen
2574:Xuyun
2548:Xuyun
2487:Taixu
2482:Xuyun
2224:Zazen
1840:JIATS
1319:Notes
1253:Sarma
1212:empty
1137:China
1133:Gansu
1042:China
1017:upaya
973:Lhasa
962:Samye
937:Samye
824:和尚摩訶衍
776:和尚摩诃衍
760:和尚摩訶衍
724:Lhasa
704:Wylie
601:Tibet
541:Korea
536:Japan
526:India
521:China
486:Newar
411:Arhat
201:Karma
55:Index
6498:Pāḷi
6483:Māra
6393:Flag
5794:Iran
5718:Tuva
5663:Laos
5291:Lama
5139:Śīla
5107:Śīla
5095:Pīti
5085:Sati
5036:Puja
4957:Koan
4863:Dāna
4454:Yasa
4341:Tārā
3641:Oshō
3017:Sōtō
2258:Ango
1864:ISBN
1852:2008
1828:2007
1792:ISBN
1757:ISBN
1738:ISBN
1726:2007
1337:and
1313:Chöd
1287:him.
1279:mala
1243:"),
1230:Kham
1206:not.
1085:and
747:name
675:name
546:Laos
451:Pāli
6220:Art
6156:Wat
4692:Zen
2060:Zen
2046:Zen
1113:'s
727:IPA
6685::
5722:ru
1904:^
1886:^
1842:,
1838:,
1777:,
1773:,
1717:,
1713:,
1596:^
1577:^
1548:^
1532:.
1495:^
1480:^
1470:.
1373://
1303:.
1135:,
1071:,
1044:.
884:和尚
844:.
826:;
581:US
26:on
5724:)
5720:(
4938:)
4934:(
4029:e
4022:t
4015:v
2242:"
2238:"
2038:e
2031:t
2024:v
1844:2
1779:8
1719:3
1690:.
1678:.
1572:.
1542:.
1490:.
1474:.
1178:.
878:(
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818:(
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