359:, short for Lunar Ejecta and Meteorites. It was designed to look for dust kicked up by small meteoroids hitting the Moon's surface. It had three sensors that could record the speed, energy, and direction of tiny particles: one each pointing up, east, and west. LEAM saw a large number of particles every morning, mostly coming from the east or westârather than above or belowâand mostly slower than speeds expected for lunar ejecta. In addition, the experiment's temperature increased to near 100 degrees Celsius a few hours after each lunar sunrise, so the unit had to be turned off temporarily because it was overheating. It is speculated that this could have been a result of electrically charged moondust sticking to LEAM, darkening its surface so the experiment package absorbed rather than reflected sunlight. However, scientists were unable to make a definite determination of the source of the problem, as LEAM operated only briefly before the Apollo program ended.
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their performance. A flight surgeon exposed to the capsule interiors after recovery developed what appeared to be allergic reactions to lunar dust that worsened after each exposure. The apparent toxic effects of lunar dust were never comprehensively studied after the program, and the concentrations of dust that contaminated the spacecraft are not known. In each case, symptoms resolved within 24 hours, and post-flight pulmonary testing found no permanent impacts in the astronauts.
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621:. During lunar exploration the astronauts' spacesuits will become contaminated with lunar dust. The dust will be released into the atmosphere when the suits are removed. The methods used to mitigate exposure will include providing high air recirculation rates in the airlock, the use of a "Double Shell Spacesuit", the use of dust shields, the use of highâgrade magnetic separation, and the use of solar flux to sinter and melt the regolith.
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366:" or TLPs. Some TLPs have been observed as momentary flashes, now generally accepted to be visible evidence of meteoroids impacting the lunar surface. But others have appeared as amorphous reddish or whitish glows or even as dusky hazy regions that change shape or disappear over seconds or minutes. These may have been a result of sunlight reflecting from suspended lunar dust.
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particles is about 26% higher than a sphere. The morphologies of dust grains have been classified based upon their four types: 1) spherical; 2) angular blocks; 3) glass shards; and 4) irregular (ropey or Swiss-cheese). These data will assist the medical researchers in their studies of the toxicological effects of inhalation of lunar dust by humans.
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Apollo 17 astronauts orbiting the Moon in 1972 repeatedly saw and sketched what they variously called "bands," "streamers" or "twilight rays" for about 10 seconds before lunar sunrise or lunar sunset. Such rays were also reported by astronauts aboard Apollo 8, 10, and 15. These might have been similar to
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Moon dust-contaminated items finally became available to the public in 2014, when the US government approved the sale of private material owned, and collected, by astronauts. Since then only one item has been produced for sale with genuine Moon dust collected after the item spent over 32 hours on the
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The harmful properties of lunar dust are not well known. Based on studies of dust found on Earth, it is expected that exposure to lunar dust will result in greater risks to health both from acute and chronic exposure. This is because lunar dust is more chemically reactive and has larger surface areas
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Lunar regolith is composed of various types of particles including rock fragments, mono-mineralic fragments, and various kinds of glasses including agglutinate particles, volcanic and impact spherules. The agglutinates form at the lunar surface by micrometeorite impacts that cause small-scale melting
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that soft-landed on the Moon returned photographs showing an unmistakable twilight glow low over the lunar horizon persisting after the Sun had set. Moreover, contrary to the expectation of airless conditions with no atmospheric haze, the distant horizon between land and sky did not look razor-sharp.
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A 2005 NASA study listed 20 risks that required further study before humans should commit to a human Mars expedition, and ranked "dust" as the number one challenge. The report urged study of its mechanical properties, corrosiveness, grittiness, and effect on electrical systems. Most scientists think
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The principles of astronautical hygiene should be used to assess the risks of exposure to lunar dust during exploration on the Moon's surface and thereby determine the most appropriate measures to control exposure. These may include removing the spacesuit in a three-stage airlock, "vacuuming" the
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There is some evidence that the Moon has a tenuous layer of moving dust particles constantly leaping up from and falling back to the Moon's surface, giving rise to a "dust atmosphere" that looks static but is composed of dust particles in constant motion. The term "Moon fountain" has been used to
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As the Moon's fine surface layer, lunar regolith is picked up by even weak natural phenomena active at the Moon's surface, allowing it to be part of the Moon's scant atmosphere. It is easily disturbed and poses a significant hazard to exposed equipment and human health. The fine lunar regolith is
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The particle size distribution of the lunar dust from Apollo 17 sample 77051 has been determined using SEM imaging analysis. The size-distribution data features an approximate
Gaussian distribution with a single mode at around 300-nm. The reactivation surface area of highly porous "Swiss-cheese"
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Anecdotal reports of human exposures to lunar dust during the Apollo program suggest that lunar dust has toxic properties. After each EVA, the crew modules were heavily contaminated with dust; many astronauts reported coughs, throat irritation, watery eyes, and blurred vision that likely reduced
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out of atoms and molecules in the lunar regolith. Positive charges build up until the tiniest particles of lunar dust (measuring 1 micrometre and smaller) are repelled from the surface and lofted anywhere from metres to kilometres high, with the smallest particles reaching the highest altitudes.
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seals of the vacuum bottles; air has slowly leaked in. Every sample brought back from the Moon has been contaminated by Earth's air and humidity. The dust has acquired a patina of rust, and, as a result of bonding with terrestrial water and oxygen molecules, its chemical reactivity is gone. The
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The Apollo astronauts brought back some 360 kilograms (790 lb) of lunar rocks from six landing sites. Although this material has been isolated in vacuum-packed bottles, it is now unusable for detailed chemical or mechanical analysisâthe gritty particles deteriorated the knife-edge
650:, chemically treating lunar regolith to remove heavy metals and oxidize iron atoms, and selectively breeding strains of plants that are adapted to the inhospitable lunar regolith. Therefore lunar regolith has been tested, successfully growing plants from it in a laboratory on Earth.
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mission returned to Earth with a cargo of about 2 kilograms of rock and dirt it picked up from the Moon. It is the first sample of lunar regolith to come back to Earth since 1976. China is the third country in the world that has brought such material back to Earth.
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describe this effect by analogy with the stream of molecules of water in a fountain following a ballistic trajectory while appearing static due to the constancy of the stream. According to a model proposed in 2005 by the
Laboratory for Extraterrestrial Physics at
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While the Moon has a faint atmosphere, traffic and impacts of human activity on the Moon could cause clouds of lunar regolith to spread far across the Moon, and possibly contaminate the original state of the Moon and its special scientific content.
456:") by impact processes. While mare and highland regolith have distinct compositions, their mineral inventories are very similar, rather expressing a difference of ratio of mineral phases. The primary minerals identified in Lunar regolith are
500:
is an important mineral in permanently shaded craters. Lunar regolith is divided into highland and mare on the basis of their compoistion, and further divided into high-, low-, and very low-titanium on the basis of their ilmenite content.
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in 1969 was put up for auction. While many jewelry- and watch-makers claim their product contains "Moon dust", the products only contain pieces of, or dust from, meteorites believed to have originated from the Moon. On 11 September 2020,
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Moon. A luggage strap, exposed to the elements of the Moon for 32 hours, a piece of
Charles "Pete" Conrad's spacesuit on the Apollo 12 mission, was sold by his estate to a private purchaser at auction. In 2017 lunar regolith collected by
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composed of sharper jagged edges than Earth dust. If the chemically reactive particles are deposited in the lungs, they may cause respiratory disease. Long-term exposure to the dust may cause a more serious respiratory disease similar to
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Due to a myriad of meteorite impacts (with speeds in the range of 20 km/s), the lunar surface is covered with a thin layer of dust. The dust is electrically charged and sticks to any surface with which it comes in contact.
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In addition, fire fountaining, whereby volcanic lava is lofted and cools into small glass beads before falling back to the surface, can create small but important deposits in some locations, such as the orange dirt found at
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Taylor, G. Jeffrey; Martel, Linda M. V.; Lucey, Paul G.; Gillis-Davis, Jeffrey J.; Blake, David F.; Sarrazin, Philippe (1 December 2019). "Modal analyses of lunar regolith by quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis".
645:
The differences between Earth's soil and lunar soil mean that plants struggle to grow in it. As a result long-term space missions could require complicated and expensive efforts to provide food, such as importing
575:
Although that report addressed
Martian dust, the concerns are equally valid concerning lunar dust. The dust found on the lunar surface could cause harmful effects on any human outpost technology and crew members:
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There are two primary differences in the chemistry of lunar regolith and dirt from terrestrial materials. The first is that the Moon is very dry. As a result, those minerals with water as part of their structure
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in 2024. There are still 2 projects left in this phase of the program (Chang'e-7 in 2024 and Chang'e-8 in 2027). The second phase of the program is to land
Chinese astronauts on the Moon between 2030 and 2039.
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announced that it is willing to create a market for lunar regolith by calling for proposals to purchase it from commercial suppliers. In May 2022, scientists successfully grew plants using lunar regolith.
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Taylor, G. Jeffrey; Martel, Linda M.V.; Lucey, Paul G.; Gillis-Davis, Jeffrey J.; Blake, David F.; Sarrazin, Philippe (2019). "Modal analyses of lunar soils by quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis".
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differences than the day side, possibly launching dust particles to even higher altitudes. This effect could be further enhanced during the portion of the Moon's orbit where it passes through Earth's
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While hailed as a potential source of oxygen and metals, Moon dust is a concern because doctors fear the smallest grains could lodge in astronauts' lungs, possibly causing long-term health effects.
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Dr. J. R. Cain â "The application of astronautical hygiene to protect the health of astronauts", UK Space
Biomedicine Association Conference 2009, Downing College, University of Cambridge
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315:. On the terminator there could be significant horizontal electric fields forming between the day and night areas, resulting in horizontal dust transportâa form of "Moon storm".
452:
The composition of Lunar regolith reflects the composition of the parent rocks it overlies. Over time, material is mixed both vertically and horizontally (a process known as "
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rock, the regolith of the Moon, into progressively finer material. This situation contrasts fundamentally to terrestrial soil formation, mediated by the presence of molecular
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suit with a magnet before removal, and using local exhaust ventilation with a high-efficiency particulate filter to remove dust from the spacecraft's atmosphere.
81:. Sometimes referred to as Lunar soil, Lunar soil specifically refers to the component of regolith smaller than 1 cm. It differs substantially in properties from
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508:), such that the dirt composition at any given location largely reflects the local bedrock composition. Lunar regolith reportedly taste and smell of spent
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It is possible that these storms have been spotted from Earth: For centuries, there have been reports of strange glowing lights on the Moon, known as "
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Eventually they fall back toward the surface where the process is repeated. On the night side, the dust is negatively charged by electrons from the
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the only way to answer the questions definitively is by returning samples of
Martian dirt and rock to Earth well before launching any astronauts.
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with lunar dust stuck on his suit. Lunar dust is highly abrasive and can cause damage to human lungs, nervous, and cardiovascular systems.
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Negative effect on coatings used on gaskets to seal equipment from space, optical lenses, solar panels, and windows as well as wiring;
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242:. Deposits of volcanic beads are also thought to be the origin of Dark Mantle Deposits (DMD) in other locations around the Moon.
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like the Earth's crust. In the case of the regolith, this is due in part to the constant bombardment of the lunar surface with
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Li, Shuai; Lucey, Paul G.; Fraeman, Abigail A.; Poppe, Andrew R.; Sun, Vivian Z.; Hurley, Dana M.; Schultz, Peter H. (2020).
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1692:"Plants grown in Apollo lunar regolith present stress-associated transcriptomes that inform prospects for lunar exploration"
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which fuses adjacent materials together with tiny specks of elemental iron embedded in each dust particle's glassy shell.
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154:. There is no official definition as to what size fraction constitutes "dust"; some place the cutoff at less than 50
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and bombardment by solar and interstellar charged atomic particles of the lunar surface over billions of years ground the
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made of sharp and very adhesive particles, with a distinct gunpowder taste and smell. Lunar regolith is prospected as a
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chemical and electrostatic properties of the dirt no longer match what future astronauts will encounter on the Moon.
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at NASAâs
Kennedy Space Center (Florida), testing the Regolith Advanced Surface Systems Operations Robot (RASSOR)
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These processes continue to change the physical and optical properties of the dirt over time, and it is known as
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The potential of lunar soil for construction of structures has been proposed at least since the proposal of
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Dr. John R. Cain, "Moon dust - a danger to lunar explorers", Spaceflight, Vol. 52, February 2010, pp. 60â65
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are absent from the Moon's surface. The second difference is that lunar regolith and crust are chemically
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Possible increased risk of spacesuit arcing due to small dust grains' exposure to the space environment.
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Professor Larry Taylor, Director of the
Planetary Geosciences Institute at the University of Tennessee
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712:) was the first plant to have sprouted and grown on Earth in regolith from another celestial body.
552:(+2) oxidation states, whereas on Earth iron is found primarily in the +2 and +3 oxidation states.
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1663:"A 3D-printing company is preparing to build on the lunar surface. But first, a moonshot at home"
1300:
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NASA Researchers view a demonstration of the moon dust simulator in the 8- by 6-Foot
Supersonic
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from the solar wind. One consequence is that iron on the Moon is found in the elemental (0) and
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146:, which is composed of grains 1 cm in diameter or less, but is often used interchangeably.
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2015:
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Dr. John R. Cain, "Lunar dust: the hazard and astronaut exposure risks", Earth, Moon, Planets
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of Apollo 12 Oceanus Procellarum sample 12005 in cross polarized light showing Lunar minerals
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197:: welding of mineral and rock fragments together by micrometeorite-impact-produced glass;
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1219:"Lunar Impact Glasses: Probing the Moon's Surface and Constraining its Impact History"
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187:: mechanical breaking of rocks and minerals into smaller particles by meteorite and
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Abrasive nature of the dust particles may rub and abrade surfaces through friction;
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The contribution of material from external sources is relatively minor (outside of
496:. Glass is abundant in the Lunar regolith and forms as a result of impact melting.
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303:. Indeed, the fountain model suggests that the night side would achieve greater
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The density of lunar regolith is about 1.5 g/cm and increases with depth.
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Other factors which may affect the properties of lunar regolith include large
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1026:"Cold as (lunar) ice: Protecting the moon's polar regions from contamination"
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Possible damage to an astronaut's lungs, nervous, and cardiovascular systems;
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3401:
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1330:(36). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): eaba1940.
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2003:
Discovered After 40 Years: Moon Dust Hazard Influenced By Sun's Elevation
1939:"Chang'e-6 lands on far side of the moon to collect unique lunar samples"
1845:
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1218:
541:
481:
477:
295:
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Stubbs, Timothy J.; Richard R. Vondrak & William M. Farrell (2005).
17:
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2236:
1974:
1841:"Moon dust collected by astronaut Neil Armstrong to be sold at auction"
461:
3286:
3878:
3813:
3554:
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686:
549:
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485:
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180:
The major processes involved in the formation of lunar regolith are:
125:
1690:
Paul, Anna-Lisa; Elardo, Stephen M.; Ferl, Robert (December 2022).
3793:
2910:
2733:
2551:
2174:
1805:"New Law says astronauts can keep (or sell) their space artifacts"
1632:"NASA Scientists Pioneer Method for Making Giant Lunar Telescopes"
725:
667:
603:
559:
537:
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382:
317:
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170:
Orange dirt found on Apollo 17, the result of volcanic glass beads
165:
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42:
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Apollo 17 also placed an experiment on the Moon's surface called
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3648:
3643:
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1887:"Plants have been grown in lunar regolith for the 1st time ever"
1130:. Cambridge ; New York: Cambridge University Press. 1991.
700:
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529:
525:
275:
133:
82:
74:
3290:
2011:
3808:
497:
326:
This effect was anticipated in 1956 by science fiction author
580:
Darkening of surfaces, leading to a considerable increase in
1754:"Plants will grow in lunar regolith, but they don't like it"
1110:"Beyond the Shadow of a Doubt, Water Ice Exists on the Moon"
339:
There is some evidence for this effect. In the early 1960s,
136:, and a robust array of contributing biological processes.
1868:"NASA will buy moon rocks and dirt from private companies"
1516:"Micro-Morphology And Toxicological Effects Of Lunar Dust"
1428:"Don't Breathe the Moondust | Science Mission Directorate"
1185:. Cambridge England New York: Cambridge University Press.
158:
in diameter, while others put it at less than 10 ÎŒm.
1454:"Risk of Adverse Health Effects from Lunar Dust Exposure"
1385:"Risk of Adverse Health Effects from Lunar Dust Exposure"
608:
Person in protective gear working in the regolith bin of
30:"Moondust" redirects here. For the 1983 video game, see
2007:
433:
particles to continuously hit the surface of the Moon.
1573:
Pohlen, Michael; Carroll, Danielle (2 December 2022).
322:
Lunar "twilight rays" sketched by Apollo 17 astronauts
210:
caused by impacts of ions and high energy particles.
3636:
3573:
3500:
3324:
3093:
3061:
2966:
2883:
2803:
2642:
2345:
2143:
2054:
1452:James, John; Kahn-Mayberry, Noreen (January 2009).
1383:James, John; Kahn-Mayberry, Noreen (January 2009).
1320:"Widespread hematite at high latitudes of the Moon"
1229:(11). American Geophysical Union (AGU): 2686â2702.
1183:Lunar sourcebook : a user's guide to the moon
1912:"China's Chang'e-5 mission returns Moon samples"
1823:"Apollo 12 astronaut's mementos up for auction"
900:
898:
896:
894:
892:
142:typically refers to only the finer fraction of
1546:"Lint rollers may collect dangerous Moon dust"
1514:Park, J.S.; Y. Liu; K. D. Kihm; L. A. Taylor.
3302:
2023:
286:. On the daylit side of the Moon, solar hard
150:generally connotes even finer materials than
8:
1128:Lunar sourcebook: a user's guide to the moon
949:
947:
945:
750:Chang'e-5 is part of the first phase of the
330:in his short story "Dust Rag", published in
69:is the unconsolidated material found on the
1521:. Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVII (2006)
983:. LiveScience. 13 June 2007. Archived from
730:Lunar regolith sample collected by China's
3309:
3295:
3287:
2030:
2016:
2008:
861:"Explosive Volcanic Eruptions on the Moon"
108:Lunar regolith is primarily the result of
1725:
1707:
1606:
1403:"Moon Dust Is Super Toxic to Human Cells"
1359:
1242:
876:"A Dynamic Fountain Model for Lunar Dust"
425:, and the absence of a significant lunar
1223:Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets
760:collected and returned samples from the
817:
294:radiation is energetic enough to knock
3603:Canadian system of soil classification
1780:"Scientists Grow Plants in Lunar Soil"
1575:"Overview of lunar dust toxicity risk"
998:
996:
994:
825:Heiken; Vanniman & French (1991).
1992:Geotechnical Properties of Lunar Soil
1747:
1745:
1685:
1683:
7:
1036:from the original on 4 February 2022
981:"Strange Things Happen at Full Moon"
34:. For the album by The Pillows, see
3587:Unified Soil Classification System
1152:"The Mysterious Smell of Moondust"
1108:David, Leonard (1 December 2018).
540:, rather than being significantly
25:
3592:AASHTO Soil Classification System
3248:Lilith (hypothetical second moon)
1885:Ashley Strickland (12 May 2022).
1401:Specktor, Brandon (17 May 2018).
1158:. 30 January 2006. Archived from
1024:David, Leonard (21 August 2020).
1003:Bell, Trudy E. (September 2006).
883:Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI
753:Chinese Lunar Exploration Program
3890:
3889:
3270:
3269:
3211:Moon landing conspiracy theories
2134:
775:
2633:Selenographic coordinate system
1269:Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
1075:Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
234:, and the green glass found at
3608:Australian Soil Classification
3599:(French classification system)
3160:Artificial objects on the Moon
1967:"èœææ¶ć» 2024-06-02 06:23:15.861"
1661:Page, Thomas (12 April 2023).
1630:Naeye, Robert (6 April 2008).
924:"The Moon and the Magnetotail"
1:
2251:Total penumbral lunar eclipse
1999:Lunar and Planetary Institute
1937:Jones, Andrew (1 June 2024).
1544:Young, Kelly (6 March 2007).
742:On 16 December 2020, China's
556:Harmful effects of lunar dust
3226:Moon is made of green cheese
2520:Permanently shadowed craters
1778:Keeter, Bill (12 May 2022).
1752:Timmer, John (12 May 2022).
3628:List of vineyard soil types
1973:) (in Chinese) – via
1636:Goddard Space Flight Center
1156:Science Mission Directorate
1010:Air & Space Smithsonian
715:
429:, thereby allowing charged
399:kicking up lunar regolith (
280:Goddard Space Flight Center
27:Rock dust covering the Moon
3940:
3613:Polish Soil Classification
3153:Craters named after people
2626:Transient lunar phenomenon
2274:Solar eclipses on the Moon
1709:10.1038/s42003-022-03334-8
1599:10.1038/s41526-022-00244-1
833:Cambridge University Press
719:
678:NASA Lewis Research Center
657:
437:Mineralogy and composition
333:Astounding Science Fiction
313:magnetic field of the Moon
255:
249:
173:
103:growing plants on the Moon
58:Regolith collected during
50:'s bootprint on lunar soil
29:
3887:
3637:Non-systematic soil types
3264:
2132:
2045:
1997:Parameters of Lunar Soils
1965:Seger Yu (1 June 2024).
1502:10.1007/s11038-010-9365-0
1289:10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.046
1095:10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.046
642:and increasingly tested.
421:, the presence of a hard
364:transient lunar phenomena
132:), humidity, atmospheric
99:a lunar building material
93:, particularly for lunar
79:Moon's tenuous atmosphere
3623:List of U.S. state soils
284:electrostatic levitation
269:observes levitating dust
3618:1938 USDA soil taxonomy
3597:Référentiel pédologique
3581:FAO soil classification
3174:Moon in science fiction
2679:Giant-impact hypothesis
2527:South PoleâAitken basin
806:Sodium tail of the Moon
664:Lunar regolith simulant
582:radiative heat transfer
3195:futuristic exploration
2718:Late Heavy Bombardment
1696:Communications Biology
1344:10.1126/sciadv.aba1940
1275:. Elsevier BV: 17â28.
1181:Heiken, Grant (1991).
957:. NASA. Archived from
926:. NASA. Archived from
908:. NASA. Archived from
739:
681:
613:
568:
449:
404:
323:
270:
171:
63:
51:
3255:Splitting of the Moon
3167:Memorials on the Moon
2771:Lunar sample displays
2453:Peak of eternal light
734:mission displayed at
729:
671:
658:Further information:
654:Availability on Earth
607:
563:
444:
394:
321:
265:
256:Further information:
250:Further information:
208:cosmic ray spallation
174:Further information:
169:
110:mechanical weathering
57:
46:
32:Moondust (video game)
3749:Calcareous grassland
3326:World Reference Base
1874:. 11 September 2020.
1244:10.1029/2019je006050
1005:"Stronger Than Dirt"
762:far side of the Moon
710:Arabidopsis thaliana
397:Lunar Roving Vehicle
370:Anthropogenic spread
282:, this is caused by
3318:Soil classification
2755:Lunar laser ranging
1642:on 22 December 2010
1591:2022npjMG...8...55P
1336:2020SciA....6.1940L
1281:2019GeCoA.266...17T
1235:2019JGRE..124.2686Z
1114:Scientific American
1087:2019GeCoA.266...17T
987:on 15 October 2008.
930:on 14 November 2021
783:Solar System portal
716:Chang'e-5/6 Project
395:A short video of a
379:Physical properties
345:Surveyor spacecraft
176:Geology of the Moon
162:Formation processes
95:in situ utilization
3502:USDA soil taxonomy
3328:for Soil Resources
2904:Lunisolar calendar
2573:Lunar basalt 70017
2320:Tidal acceleration
2175:Perigee and apogee
2065:Internal structure
1918:. 16 December 2020
1162:on 5 December 2017
740:
682:
614:
569:
450:
405:
343:and several prior
324:
305:electrical tension
271:
258:Lunar horizon glow
172:
64:
52:
3901:
3900:
3284:
3283:
3234:Natural satellite
2693:Lunar magma ocean
2469:Volcanic features
1215:Zellner, N. E. B.
1192:978-0-521-33444-0
961:on 6 January 2010
912:on 19 March 2010.
846:978-0-521-33444-0
522:mineral hydration
392:
101:and regolith for
16:(Redirected from
3931:
3893:
3892:
3789:Hydrophobic soil
3311:
3304:
3297:
3288:
3277:
3273:
3272:
3257:
3250:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3220:
3213:
3204:
3197:
3190:
3183:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3146:
3139:
3132:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3104:
3086:
3079:
3077:Meridian passage
3072:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2996:
2989:
2982:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2906:
2899:
2876:
2869:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2830:
2823:
2816:
2796:
2794:Lunar seismology
2787:
2780:
2773:
2764:
2757:
2750:
2743:
2736:
2729:
2727:Lunar meteorites
2720:
2713:
2706:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2635:
2628:
2621:
2612:
2605:
2598:
2596:Space weathering
2591:
2582:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2554:
2545:
2538:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2508:
2501:
2492:
2485:
2478:
2471:
2464:
2455:
2448:
2439:
2432:
2421:
2414:
2407:
2400:
2393:
2386:
2379:
2374:
2367:
2360:
2338:
2329:
2322:
2315:
2308:
2301:
2292:
2283:
2276:
2269:
2260:
2253:
2246:
2239:
2232:
2225:
2218:
2209:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2161:Orbital elements
2156:
2138:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2009:
1979:
1978:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1934:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1829:. 23 April 2014.
1827:collectspace.com
1819:
1813:
1812:
1809:collectspace.com
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1749:
1740:
1739:
1729:
1711:
1687:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1638:. Archived from
1627:
1621:
1620:
1610:
1579:npj Microgravity
1570:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1556:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1528:
1526:
1520:
1511:
1505:
1494:
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1479:
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1470:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1432:science.nasa.gov
1424:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1398:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1363:
1324:Science Advances
1315:
1309:
1308:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1246:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1124:
1118:
1117:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1056:"Lunar Regolith"
1052:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1000:
989:
988:
977:
971:
970:
968:
966:
951:
940:
939:
937:
935:
920:
914:
913:
906:"Moon Fountains"
902:
887:
886:
880:
871:
865:
864:
857:
851:
850:
828:Lunar Sourcebook
822:
785:
780:
779:
778:
676:facility at the
393:
350:crepuscular rays
252:Lunar atmosphere
216:space weathering
114:meteoric impacts
83:terrestrial soil
36:Moondust (album)
21:
3939:
3938:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3929:
3928:
3904:
3903:
3902:
3897:
3883:
3854:Subaqueous soil
3839:Serpentine soil
3699:Parent material
3632:
3569:
3496:
3327:
3320:
3315:
3285:
3280:
3268:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3223:
3216:
3209:
3200:
3193:
3186:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3158:
3151:
3142:
3137:Man in the Moon
3135:
3128:
3121:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3062:Daily phenomena
3057:
3050:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3010:Super and micro
3008:
3001:
2992:
2985:
2978:
2971:
2962:
2955:
2948:
2941:
2934:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2885:
2879:
2874:Lunar resources
2872:
2865:
2856:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2826:
2819:
2812:
2799:
2792:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2760:
2753:
2748:
2739:
2732:
2725:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2691:
2684:
2677:
2670:
2663:
2656:
2649:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2617:
2608:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2578:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2541:
2534:
2525:
2518:
2511:
2504:
2497:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2451:
2444:
2435:
2428:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2398:
2389:
2382:
2377:
2370:
2363:
2356:
2347:
2341:
2334:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2297:
2288:
2279:
2272:
2265:
2256:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2205:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2173:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2139:
2130:
2121:
2114:
2107:
2100:
2091:
2084:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2050:
2041:
2036:
1988:
1983:
1982:
1964:
1963:
1959:
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1936:
1935:
1931:
1921:
1919:
1910:
1909:
1905:
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1879:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1851:
1849:
1839:
1838:
1834:
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1820:
1816:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1786:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1762:
1760:
1751:
1750:
1743:
1689:
1688:
1681:
1671:
1669:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1645:
1643:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1554:
1552:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1524:
1522:
1518:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1482:
1477:
1473:
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1464:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1436:
1434:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1411:
1409:
1407:livescience.com
1400:
1399:
1395:
1387:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1265:
1264:
1260:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1193:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1165:
1163:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1138:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1037:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1002:
1001:
992:
979:
978:
974:
964:
962:
953:
952:
943:
933:
931:
922:
921:
917:
904:
903:
890:
878:
873:
872:
868:
859:
858:
854:
847:
824:
823:
819:
814:
791:Lunar resources
781:
776:
774:
771:
724:
718:
666:
656:
636:
627:
558:
439:
383:
381:
372:
260:
254:
248:
236:HadleyâApennine
178:
164:
131:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3937:
3935:
3927:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3906:
3905:
3899:
3898:
3888:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3829:Prime farmland
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3784:Fuller's earth
3781:
3776:
3774:Expansive clay
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3640:
3638:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3577:
3575:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3506:
3504:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3333:
3331:
3322:
3321:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3291:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3278:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3251:
3244:
3237:
3230:
3221:
3214:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3198:
3191:
3184:
3170:
3163:
3156:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3140:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3048:
3041:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2998:
2997:
2983:
2975:
2973:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2957:Lunar distance
2953:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2907:
2900:
2897:Lunar calendar
2892:
2890:
2881:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2824:
2821:Apollo program
2809:
2807:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2797:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2781:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2758:
2746:
2745:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2700:
2699:
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2697:
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2661:
2654:
2646:
2644:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2629:
2622:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2606:
2603:Micrometeorite
2592:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2580:Changesite-(Y)
2576:
2562:
2559:Wrinkle ridges
2555:
2548:
2547:
2546:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2486:
2479:
2465:
2458:
2457:
2456:
2442:
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2440:
2426:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2408:
2396:
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2226:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2187:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2157:
2154:Lunar distance
2149:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2112:
2105:
2102:Magnetic field
2098:
2097:
2096:
2082:
2075:
2068:
2060:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2027:
2020:
2012:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1994:
1987:
1986:External links
1984:
1981:
1980:
1957:
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1796:
1770:
1741:
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845:
816:
815:
813:
810:
809:
808:
803:
798:
793:
787:
786:
770:
767:
722:Changesiteâ(Y)
717:
714:
696:Neil Armstrong
655:
652:
635:
632:
626:
623:
598:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
557:
554:
438:
435:
427:magnetic field
380:
377:
371:
368:
311:, part of the
247:
244:
228:Taurus-Littrow
212:
211:
198:
192:
189:micrometeorite
163:
160:
144:lunar regolith
129:
91:lunar resource
67:Lunar regolith
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3936:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3914:Lunar science
3912:
3911:
3909:
3896:
3895:Types of soil
3886:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3874:Tropical peat
3872:
3870:
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3865:
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3857:
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3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3759:Dry quicksand
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3635:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3574:Other systems
3572:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3503:
3499:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3430:
3428:
3425:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3323:
3319:
3312:
3307:
3305:
3300:
3298:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3276:
3267:
3266:
3263:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3245:
3242:
3241:Double planet
3238:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3222:
3219:
3215:
3212:
3208:
3203:
3199:
3196:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3124:
3123:Moon illusion
3120:
3117:
3113:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3102:Lunar deities
3099:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3085:
3081:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3053:
3049:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3035:
3032:
3028:
3025:
3021:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3007:
3004:
3000:
2995:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2969:
2965:
2958:
2954:
2951:
2950:Lunar station
2947:
2944:
2940:
2937:
2933:
2926:
2922:
2921:
2919:
2915:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2905:
2901:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2889:
2884:Time-telling
2882:
2875:
2871:
2868:
2864:
2859:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2834:
2829:
2825:
2822:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2811:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2802:
2795:
2791:
2786:
2782:
2779:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2768:
2763:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2751:
2747:
2742:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2701:
2694:
2690:
2687:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2648:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2634:
2630:
2627:
2623:
2620:
2616:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2586:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2563:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2549:
2544:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2533:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2500:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2477:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2463:
2459:
2454:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2438:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2427:
2420:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2392:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2344:
2337:
2336:Lunar station
2333:
2328:
2324:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2313:Tidal locking
2310:
2307:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2291:
2287:
2282:
2281:Eclipse cycle
2278:
2275:
2271:
2268:
2267:Solar eclipse
2264:
2259:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:Lunar eclipse
2241:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2124:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2094:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2086:Gravity field
2083:
2080:
2076:
2073:
2069:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2033:
2028:
2026:
2021:
2019:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1961:
1958:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1933:
1930:
1917:
1913:
1907:
1904:
1892:
1888:
1881:
1878:
1873:
1869:
1863:
1860:
1848:
1847:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1828:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1810:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1785:
1781:
1774:
1771:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1668:
1664:
1657:
1654:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1626:
1623:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1551:
1550:New Scientist
1547:
1540:
1537:
1533:
1517:
1510:
1507:
1504:October 2010.
1503:
1499:
1493:
1490:
1484:
1481:
1475:
1472:
1466:
1463:
1455:
1448:
1445:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1408:
1404:
1397:
1394:
1386:
1379:
1376:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1314:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1262:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1184:
1177:
1174:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1104:
1101:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1068:
1065:
1057:
1051:
1048:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1011:
1006:
999:
997:
995:
991:
986:
982:
976:
973:
960:
956:
955:"Moon Storms"
950:
948:
946:
942:
929:
925:
919:
916:
911:
907:
901:
899:
897:
895:
893:
889:
884:
877:
870:
867:
862:
856:
853:
848:
842:
838:
834:
830:
829:
821:
818:
811:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
796:Lunar terrane
794:
792:
789:
788:
784:
773:
768:
766:
763:
759:
756:
754:
748:
745:
737:
736:Airshow China
733:
728:
723:
713:
711:
707:
702:
697:
691:
688:
679:
675:
670:
665:
661:
653:
651:
649:
643:
641:
633:
631:
625:Toxic effects
624:
622:
620:
611:
606:
602:
595:
592:
589:
586:
583:
579:
578:
577:
573:
566:
562:
555:
553:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
517:
513:
511:
507:
502:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
470:orthopyroxene
467:
463:
459:
455:
447:
443:
436:
434:
432:
428:
424:
420:
419:differentials
417:
412:
409:
402:
398:
378:
376:
369:
367:
365:
360:
358:
353:
351:
346:
342:
337:
335:
334:
329:
320:
316:
314:
310:
306:
302:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
268:
264:
259:
253:
245:
243:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
224:Shorty Crater
219:
217:
209:
205:
202:
199:
196:
195:Agglutination
193:
190:
186:
183:
182:
181:
177:
168:
161:
159:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
135:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
106:
104:
100:
96:
92:
86:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
61:
56:
49:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3804:Martian soil
3109:Lunar effect
2925:Nodal period
2851:Colonization
2665:Lunar theory
2358:Selenography
2198:Nodal period
1960:
1948:. Retrieved
1942:
1932:
1920:. Retrieved
1915:
1906:
1894:. Retrieved
1890:
1880:
1871:
1862:
1850:. Retrieved
1844:
1835:
1826:
1817:
1808:
1799:
1787:. Retrieved
1783:
1773:
1761:. Retrieved
1758:Ars Technica
1757:
1699:
1695:
1670:. Retrieved
1666:
1656:
1644:. Retrieved
1640:the original
1625:
1582:
1578:
1568:
1560:
1553:. Retrieved
1539:
1530:
1523:. Retrieved
1509:
1492:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1447:
1435:. Retrieved
1431:
1422:
1410:. Retrieved
1406:
1396:
1378:
1327:
1323:
1313:
1272:
1268:
1261:
1226:
1222:
1209:
1182:
1176:
1164:. Retrieved
1160:the original
1155:
1146:
1127:
1122:
1113:
1103:
1078:
1074:
1067:
1050:
1038:. Retrieved
1029:
1019:
1008:
985:the original
975:
963:. Retrieved
959:the original
932:. Retrieved
928:the original
918:
910:the original
882:
869:
855:
827:
820:
801:Selenography
751:
749:
741:
709:
692:
683:
644:
637:
628:
615:
599:
574:
570:
518:
514:
503:
490:cristobalite
451:
446:Thin section
413:
410:
406:
373:
361:
354:
338:
331:
325:
272:
220:
213:
179:
151:
147:
143:
139:
138:
122:anorthositic
112:. Continual
107:
87:
66:
65:
40:
3869:Terra rossa
3864:Terra preta
3844:Spodic soil
3764:Duplex soil
3744:Brown earth
3724:Alkali soil
3714:Rhizosphere
3709:Laimosphere
3583:(1974â1998)
3540:Inceptisols
3447:Plinthosols
3412:Kastanozems
3218:Moon Treaty
3202:Hollow Moon
3144:Moon rabbit
3116:Earth phase
2918:Lunar month
2805:Exploration
2749:Experiments
2651:Observation
2513:Ray systems
2378:Hemispheres
2346:Surface and
2327:Tidal range
2306:Tidal force
2109:Sodium tail
2093:Hill sphere
1646:27 February
1555:17 February
835:. pp.
706:Thale cress
674:Wind Tunnel
610:Swamp Works
565:Gene Cernan
506:ray systems
494:whitlockite
458:plagioclase
416:temperature
328:Hal Clement
309:magnetotail
288:ultraviolet
246:Circulation
185:Comminution
77:and in the
48:Buzz Aldrin
3908:Categories
3849:Stagnogley
3799:Lunar soil
3754:Dark earth
3739:Brickearth
3704:Pedosphere
3674:Soil crust
3482:Technosols
3467:Solonchaks
3387:Ferralsols
3352:Anthrosols
3188:Apollo era
3130:Pareidolia
2888:navigation
2610:Sputtering
2490:Lava tubes
2412:South pole
2405:North pole
2365:Terminator
2207:Precession
2123:Earthshine
2079:Atmosphere
2072:Topography
2057:properties
1922:25 January
1702:(1): 382.
1137:0521334446
1040:3 February
812:References
720:See also:
660:Lunar rock
648:Earth soil
640:lunarcrete
534:amphiboles
524:) such as
431:solar wind
352:on Earth.
341:Surveyor 7
301:solar wind
267:Surveyor 7
230:valley by
204:sputtering
201:Solar wind
152:lunar soil
148:Lunar dust
140:Lunar soil
97:, such as
3834:Quicksand
3779:Fill dirt
3719:Bulk soil
3565:Vertisols
3555:Spodosols
3545:Mollisols
3535:Histosols
3520:Aridisols
3492:Vertisols
3487:Umbrisols
3477:Stagnosol
3442:Planosols
3437:Phaeozems
3417:Leptosols
3402:Gypsisols
3392:Fluvisols
3372:Chernozem
3367:Cambisols
3362:Calcisols
3357:Arenosols
2936:Fortnight
2828:Explorers
2785:Apollo 17
2778:Apollo 11
2741:Volcanism
2711:Timescale
2658:Libration
2446:Mountains
2384:Near side
2290:Supermoon
2230:Full moon
2184:Libration
2116:Moonlight
1944:SpaceNews
1872:The Verge
1789:16 August
1718:2399-3642
1672:16 August
1585:(1): 55.
1437:4 January
1412:4 January
1352:2375-2548
1305:201353620
1297:0016-7037
1253:2169-9097
1166:16 August
1081:: 17â28.
1030:Space.com
758:Chang'e 6
744:Chang'e 5
732:Chang'e 5
619:silicosis
510:gunpowder
474:pigeonite
454:gardening
401:Apollo 16
296:electrons
240:Apollo 15
232:Apollo 17
60:Apollo 17
3924:Regolith
3819:Paleosol
3734:Blue goo
3689:Gypcrust
3560:Ultisols
3530:Gelisols
3525:Entisols
3515:Andisols
3510:Alfisols
3472:Solonetz
3462:Retisols
3457:Regosols
3432:Nitisols
3427:Luvisols
3422:Lixisols
3407:Histosol
3397:Gleysols
3382:Durisols
3377:Cryosols
3347:Andosols
3337:Acrisols
3275:Category
3070:Moonrise
3003:Crescent
2943:Sennight
2858:Moonbase
2814:Missions
2483:Calderas
2391:Far side
2349:features
2237:Eclipses
2223:New moon
2168:Distance
2055:Physical
1916:BBC News
1846:ITV News
1736:35552509
1617:36460679
1370:32917587
1217:(2019).
1201:23215393
1034:Archived
1013:: 46â53.
934:20 April
769:See also
550:cationic
542:oxidized
482:chromite
478:ilmenite
191:impacts;
118:basaltic
18:Moondust
3769:Eluvium
3729:Bay mud
3694:Caliche
3684:Hardpan
3679:Claypan
3669:Subsoil
3664:Topsoil
3550:Oxisols
3452:Podzols
3342:Alisols
3330:(1998â)
3094:Related
3084:Moonset
2867:Tourism
2844:Landing
2704:Geology
2643:Science
2499:Craters
2462:Valleys
2048:Outline
1975:Twitter
1852:13 July
1727:9098553
1608:9718825
1587:Bibcode
1525:8 March
1361:7467685
1332:Bibcode
1277:Bibcode
1231:Bibcode
1083:Bibcode
1061:. NASA.
965:12 July
680:(1960).
546:protons
538:reduced
462:olivine
403:, 1972)
226:in the
73:of the
71:surface
62:mission
3879:Yedoma
3814:Muskeg
3052:Tetrad
2968:Phases
2837:Probes
2672:Origin
2619:Quakes
2552:Rilles
2543:swirls
2258:Tetrad
2216:Syzygy
1950:1 June
1896:16 May
1763:13 May
1734:
1724:
1716:
1615:
1605:
1368:
1358:
1350:
1303:
1295:
1251:
1199:
1189:
1134:
843:
687:indium
532:, and
492:, and
486:quartz
466:augite
423:vacuum
126:oxygen
3859:Takir
3794:Loess
3031:Black
3017:Blood
2994:Names
2972:names
2911:Month
2762:ALSEP
2734:KREEP
2686:Theia
2589:Water
2566:Rocks
2476:Domes
2430:Maria
2399:Poles
2191:Nodes
2145:Orbit
1971:Tweet
1519:(PDF)
1457:(PDF)
1388:(PDF)
1301:S2CID
1059:(PDF)
879:(PDF)
292:X-ray
3919:Soil
3824:Peat
3659:Loam
3654:Clay
3649:Silt
3644:Sand
3181:list
3038:Dark
3024:Blue
2987:Full
2886:and
2536:Soil
2506:List
2437:List
2419:Face
2372:Limb
2299:Tide
2039:Moon
1952:2024
1924:2021
1898:2022
1854:2017
1791:2023
1784:NASA
1765:2022
1732:PMID
1714:ISSN
1674:2023
1648:2011
1613:PMID
1557:2008
1527:2007
1439:2021
1414:2021
1366:PMID
1348:ISSN
1293:ISSN
1249:ISSN
1197:OCLC
1187:ISBN
1168:2023
1132:ISBN
1042:2022
967:2017
936:2008
841:ISBN
738:2021
701:NASA
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