779:, it successfully served in printing books and newspapers. Many of the Latin letters (f, h, p, v) were even rarely used while q, w and x were completely excluded. The adoption of the Cyrillic script a short time later, almost simultaneously with most Soviet republics, suggests political reasons. In the advent of the Internet, people who use social networking services prefer typing in the Latin script for the ease of typing compared to the Cyrillic script, using the orthography introduced in 1939.
675:
5601:
555:
617:
369:
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local government is to conduct their correspondence in both cyrillic and
Mongolian script. This provision is to be effective starting January 1st of 2025. ID, birth certificate, marriage certificate and education certificates are to be both in Mongolian cyrillic and Mongolian script and currently Mongolian script is being used in official letters of President, Prime Minister and Speaker of Parliament.
47:
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686:(Хэвтээ дөрвөлжин), which was only rediscovered in 1801. The script's applications during the period of its use are not known. It was also largely based on the Tibetan alphabet, read left to right, and employed vowel diacritics above and below the consonant letters. Additionally, a dot was used below consonants to show that they were syllable-final.
377:
974:
Use of cyrillic is to be terminated and only
Mongolian script to be used. There is no provision in the law that states the termination of use of cyrillic. It clearly states that Mongolian script is to be added to the current use of cyrillic. Mongolian script will be introduced in stages and state and
738:
On 1 February 1930, Mongolia officially adopted a Latin alphabet. On 25 March 1941, the decision was reversed. According to later official claims, the alphabet had turned out to have not been thought out well. It was said not to distinguish all the sounds of the
Mongolian language, and was difficult
705:
Before the 13th century, foreign scripts such as the Uighur and the
Tibetan scripts were used to write the Mongolian language. Even during the reign of the Mongol Empire, people in the conquered areas often wrote it in their local systems. In some cases it was transcribed phonetically using
144:
434:
still in use that is written from left to right. (All other vertical writing systems are written right to left.) This is because the
Uyghurs rotated their script 90 degrees anticlockwise to emulate the Chinese writing system.
655:
Zanabazar had created it for the translation of
Buddhist texts from Sanskrit or Tibetan, and both he and his students used it extensively for that purpose. Aside from historical texts, it can usually be found in temple
6209:
562:
The traditional
Mongolian alphabet is not a perfect fit for the Mongolian language, and it would be impractical to extend it to a language with a very different phonology like Chinese. Therefore, during the
590:, but today is known as the 'Phags-pa script. The script did not receive wide acceptance and fell into disuse with the collapse of the Yuan dynasty in 1368. After this it was mainly used as a phonetic
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In March 2020, the
Government of Mongolia announced plans to use the traditional Mongolian script alongside Cyrillic in official documents starting from 2025.
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1296:
64:
492:. Later some of these letters were officially merged into traditional alphabet as a group named "Galig usug" to transcribe foreign words in modern use.
5444:
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660:. It also has some relevance to linguistic research, because it reflects certain developments in the Mongolian language, such as that of long vowels.
219:
It has in turn spawned several alphabets, either as attempts to fix its perceived shortcomings, or to allow the notation of other languages, such as
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spoke a proto-Mongolic language and wrote down several pieces of literature in their language. They are believed to have used
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announced plans to use the traditional
Mongolian script alongside the Cyrillic script in official documents (e.g.
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2003:
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1934:
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882:
198:, has been the predominant script during most of Mongolian history, and is still in active use today in the
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2020:
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to use. However, those seem to have been pretexts rather than the true reasons. Using "y" as feminine "u"
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by 2025, although the
Cyrillic script could be used alone on an optional basis for less official writing.
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447:
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to encompass Mongolian and Chinese; the result was known by several descriptive names, such as the
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over the centuries, and from a variety of scripts. The oldest and native script, called simply the
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This article is about Mongolian writing systems. For original Mongolian writing system, see
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created this variation with the goal of bringing the written language closer to the actual
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believe that in the meantime it was the source of some of the basic letters of the Korean
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334:
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240:
168:
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697:
block, comprising 72 characters, was added as part of Unicode version 10.0 in June 2017.
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1981:
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2013:
2008:
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248:
236:
164:
2672:
1087:
17:
1036:
582:, to design a new script for use by the whole empire. Phagpa extended his native
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1976:
1939:
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to this day. Its most salient feature is its vertical direction; it is the only
46:
839:
5533:
5340:
3703:
3678:
3246:
2689:
2179:
2174:
2030:
1971:
1612:
1004:
835:
473:
411:
1018:
György Kara, "Aramaic Scripts for Altaic Languages", in Daniels & Bright
5014:
4993:
4986:
3780:
3765:
3602:
3349:
3298:
3265:
3100:
2991:
2540:
2268:
2184:
1909:
1064:"L2/15-337: Proposal to Encode the Zanabazar Square Script in ISO/IEC 10646"
3708:
1199:
787:
143:
6049:
5695:
5453:
3750:
3730:
3693:
3688:
3568:
3529:
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3014:
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931:
822:
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232:
224:
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In 2019, with the emergence of new evidence through the analysis of the
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2657:
2632:
2401:
2308:
1956:
1570:
1381:
625:
518:
403:
263:
continued to use alphabets based on the traditional Mongolian script.
6205:
6097:
5974:
5326:
5062:
4838:
2582:
2394:
2313:
2258:
1966:
1637:
632:
in the late 17th century, that can also be used to write Tibetan and
599:
533:
525:
515:
5422:
959:
821:
in the 1940s and has been in use as the official writing system of
594:
for Mongols learning Chinese characters. However, scholars such as
376:
3205:
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3050:
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2734:
2421:
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786:
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260:
203:
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1313:
1203:
528:
pronunciation, and to make it easier to transcribe Tibetan and
426:—to write Mongol. With only minor modifications, it is used in
314:
to phonetically represent Xianbei, like the Japanese system of
536:
until 1924, when it was replaced by the Cyrillic alphabet. In
40:
932:"Official documents to be recorded in both scripts from 2025"
318:
with Chinese, but all works written in Xianbei are now lost.
988:"The Brāhmī inscriptions of Mongolia: Whose decipherment"
720:
hired into administrative functions would also often use
360:, logographic scripts derived from Chinese characters.
682:
At around the same time, Zanabazar also developed the
438:
As a variant of the traditional script there exists a
724:
script to write their Mongolian language documents.
6375:
6359:
6316:
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2959:
2367:
2199:
1847:
1590:
1581:
1266:
1245:
960:"Mongolian Language Law is effective from July 1st"
801:The most recent Mongolian alphabet is based on the
710:, as is the case with the only surviving copies of
239:, but then almost immediately replaced it with the
151:in various contemporary and historical scripts: 1.
71:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
27:Writing systems devised for the Mongolian language
911:"Mongolia to promote usage of traditional script"
476:. It primarily added extra letters to transcribe
859:Mongolian transliteration of Chinese characters
953:
951:
926:
924:
905:
903:
484:terms in religious texts, and later also from
6180:
5438:
5078:
3822:
1215:
992:International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics
543:
8:
1190:, Tseveliin Shagdarsuren, Indiana University
1162:"Russian Influence in Mongolia is Declining"
755:and with additional consonants "ç" for "ch"
689:Horizontal square script is included in the
652:since 1992, as well as money, stamps, etc.
6187:
6173:
6165:
5947:
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1327:
1323:
1310:
1242:
1222:
1208:
1200:
628:created by the Mongolian monk and scholar
352:and developed two scripts for writing it:
337:was deciphered, and Rouran was spelled in
1003:
372:"Mongol" in Traditional Mongolian script.
156:
131:Learn how and when to remove this message
615:
553:
494:
468:created the Galik alphabet, inspired by
375:
367:
142:
899:
693:under the name "Zanabazar Square". The
1166:Global Security Review (March 2, 2019)
302:Bronze 'fish tally' with Khitan script
4966:American Printing House for the Blind
4742:International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
4394:Devanagari (Hindi / Marathi / Nepali)
747:, with additional feminine "o" ("ө")
678:"Mongol" in Horizontal Square script.
636:. A special glyph in the script, the
7:
6428:
532:. The script was used by Kalmyks of
464:In 1587, the translator and scholar
69:adding citations to reliable sources
1188:The Mongolian language and scripts
540:, China, the Oirats still use it.
255:. Nevertheless, Mongols living in
25:
854:SASM/GNC romanization § Mongolian
713:The Secret History of the Mongols
6427:
6416:
6415:
6303:Inner Mongolia Normal University
5599:
1183:The Silver Horde: Mongol Scripts
1076:from the original on 2022-10-09.
998:(2): 153–157. 21 December 2021.
838:
544:'Phags-pa script (Square script)
45:
1116:. Britannica. 17 September 2007
1062:Pandey, Anshuman (2015-12-03).
864:Sino–Mongolian Transliterations
442:(Босоо дөрвөлжин), also called
350:another proto-Mongolic language
286:, among others) as well as the
56:needs additional citations for
1295:Languages by writing system /
640:, became a national symbol of
247:'s for compatibility with the
1:
4734:Gardner–Salinas braille codes
4690:Gardner–Salinas braille codes
1035:Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27).
915:China.org.cn (March 19, 2020)
568:
394:At the very beginning of the
4945:National Braille Association
4924:Braille Institute of America
4642:Two-cell Chinese (Shuangpin)
558:"Mongol" in Phags-pa script.
5637:Historical cities and towns
5574:Mongolian People's Republic
4825:Refreshable braille display
4804:Optical braille recognition
4401:Bengali (Bangla / Assamese)
3933:Chinese (mainland Mandarin)
3076:New Epoch Notation Painting
1021:The World's Writing Systems
797:Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet
791:"Mongol" in Cyrillic script
620:"Mongol" in Soyombo script.
245:Mongolian People's Republic
80:"Mongolian writing systems"
6472:
4892:Thakur Vishva Narain Singh
794:
731:
667:
644:, and has appeared on the
609:
547:
507:
457:
387:
259:as well as other parts of
190:have been devised for the
29:
6456:Mongolian writing systems
6411:
6393:Mausoleum of Genghis Khan
6298:Inner Mongolia University
6203:
6131:
5950:
5886:
5763:
5617:
5597:
5407:
4628:Mainland Chinese Mandarin
3806:
3609:
3596:
3564:
3551:
3457:
3444:
3142:Chinese family of scripts
3136:
3123:
3021:
3008:
2363:
2350:
2212:Boyd's syllabic shorthand
1577:
1564:
1339:
1326:
1322:
1309:
1297:by first written accounts
1241:
1005:10.1163/25898833-00320012
624:The Soyombo script is an
364:Classic Mongolian scripts
188:Mongolian writing systems
6247:Administrative divisions
5814:Administrative divisions
5504:Eastern Turkic Khaganate
4615:Chinese semi-syllabaries
3878:Unicode braille patterns
3864:International uniformity
2319:Thomas Natural Shorthand
1069:. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2.
805:, more specifically the
734:Mongolian Latin alphabet
684:horizontal square script
670:Horizontal square script
664:Horizontal square script
499:"Mongol" in Todo script.
235:briefly switched to the
34:. For the language, see
6403:Wanbu Huayanjing Pagoda
6398:Hexigten Global Geopark
6326:Music of Inner Mongolia
4952:Blindness organizations
4931:Braille Without Borders
4720:Canadian currency marks
4342:Egyptian lineage family
3525:Southwest Paleohispanic
883:Mongolian Sign Language
648:since 1921, and on the
414:, who then adapted the
231:. In the 20th century,
6068:Goyol Fashion Festival
5858:Chief of General Staff
4269:Russian lineage family
3669:Great Lakes Algonquian
2578:Greco-Iberian alphabet
2511:Gabelsberger shorthand
1454:Inscriptional Parthian
1038:The Mongolic Languages
792:
679:
621:
578:asked a Tibetan monk,
559:
500:
440:vertical square script
380:
373:
303:
268:Government of Mongolia
183:
6346:Northeastern Mandarin
6237:Independence movement
5829:Third neighbor policy
5529:Northern Yuan dynasty
5033:Accessible publishing
4959:Schools for the blind
4938:Japan Braille Library
4727:Computer Braille Code
4381:Indian lineage family
3761:Old Persian cuneiform
2628:Carolingian minuscule
1434:Ancient North Arabian
1196:Mongolian Calligraphy
809:plus the letters, Өө
790:
677:
650:national coat of arms
619:
580:Drogön Chögyal Phagpa
557:
498:
418:—a descendant of the
379:
371:
301:
284:marriage certificates
276:academic certificates
146:
6088:Traditional medicine
5807:Constitutional Court
5649:Environmental issues
5479:Prehistoric Mongolia
5169:Peripheral Mongolian
4797:Mountbatten Brailler
4152:(largely reassigned)
3935:(largely reassigned)
3484:Southeastern Iberian
3479:Northeastern Iberian
1377:Egyptian hieroglyphs
1114:"Mongolian alphabet"
936:MONTSAME News Agency
716:. Subjects from the
588:Mongolian new script
384:Traditional alphabet
65:improve this article
6376:Visitor attractions
5773:State Great Khural
5564:Soviet intervention
5398:Classical Mongolian
4749:Nemeth braille code
4535:(reassigned vowels)
4060:(extended to 8-dot)
3634:Canadian Aboriginal
3520:Khitan small script
3242:Khitan large script
2432:Coorgi–Cox alphabet
448:Mongolian banknotes
446:, used e.g. on the
358:Khitan small script
354:Khitan large script
266:In March 2020, the
6331:Mongolian language
6308:Chifeng University
6012:List of Mongolians
5919:Telecommunications
5559:Chinese occupation
5094:Mongolic languages
4783:Braille translator
4760:Braille technology
4736:(science; GS8/GS6)
4705:Symbols in braille
4635:Taiwanese Mandarin
4150:Taiwanese Mandarin
3756:Nwagu Aneke script
3308:Other logosyllabic
3230:Chinese-influenced
3169:Oracle bone script
3151:Chinese characters
3086:Ojibwe Hieroglyphs
2476:Eclectic shorthand
2464:Duployan shorthand
2417:Caucasian Albanian
2217:Canadian syllabics
1253:History of writing
1092:Unicode Consortium
793:
708:Chinese characters
680:
622:
560:
501:
381:
374:
312:Chinese characters
304:
288:State Great Khural
280:birth certificates
272:identity documents
192:Mongolian language
184:
36:Mongolian language
18:Mongolian alphabet
6443:
6442:
6351:Plain Blue Banner
6335:in Inner Mongolia
6162:
6161:
6127:
6126:
5937:
5936:
5873:
5872:
5865:Political parties
5824:Foreign relations
5750:
5749:
5420:
5419:
5414:extinct languages
5312:
5311:
5116:Buryat–Mongolian
5060:
5059:
5056:
5055:
4978:tactile alphabets
4906:William Bell Wait
4899:Sabriye Tenberken
4700:
4699:
4565:
4564:
4550:(Japanese vowels)
4348:-mediated scripts
4275:-mediated scripts
3802:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3654:Ditema tsa Dinoko
3592:
3591:
3547:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3440:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3260:
3259:
3119:
3118:
3004:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2346:
2345:
2342:
2341:
2195:
2194:
1560:
1559:
1547:Teeline Shorthand
1305:
1304:
1048:978-1-135-79690-7
878:Mongolian Braille
177:horizontal square
141:
140:
133:
115:
16:(Redirected from
6463:
6431:
6430:
6419:
6418:
6341:Mongolian script
6189:
6182:
6175:
6166:
6147:
6140:
6114:
6113:(New Year's Day)
6101:
6053:
5980:Southern Mongols
5948:
5914:
5884:
5794:
5776:
5761:
5615:
5603:
5499:Rouran Khaganate
5447:
5440:
5433:
5424:
5107:
5087:
5080:
5073:
5064:
5049:
5042:
5040:Braille literacy
5035:
5017:
5010:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4968:
4961:
4954:
4947:
4940:
4933:
4926:
4908:
4901:
4894:
4887:
4880:
4873:
4866:
4859:
4841:
4834:
4832:Slate and stylus
4827:
4820:
4818:Perkins Brailler
4813:
4806:
4799:
4792:
4785:
4778:
4776:Braille embosser
4771:
4751:
4744:
4737:
4729:
4722:
4715:
4693:
4685:
4678:
4660:
4653:
4644:
4637:
4630:
4623:
4616:
4600:
4597:American Braille
4581:
4578:Algerian Braille
4558:
4551:
4543:
4536:
4528:
4521:
4514:
4507:
4499:
4492:
4485:
4467:
4459:
4452:
4445:
4438:
4431:
4424:
4417:
4410:
4403:
4396:
4373:
4365:
4358:
4334:
4327:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4220:
4213:
4206:
4193:
4188:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4160:
4153:
4145:
4138:
4131:
4124:
4117:
4110:
4103:
4096:
4089:
4082:
4075:
4068:
4061:
4053:
4046:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4018:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3950:
3943:
3936:
3928:
3921:
3914:
3907:
3892:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3859:
3842:
3831:
3824:
3817:
3808:
3598:
3553:
3459:
3451:Semi-syllabaries
3446:
3147:
3138:
3125:
3010:
2365:
2352:
2254:Japanese Braille
1839:Zanabazar square
1708:Nepalese scripts
1598:Bengali–Assamese
1588:
1579:
1566:
1483:Pitman shorthand
1328:
1324:
1311:
1243:
1224:
1217:
1210:
1201:
1170:
1169:
1158:
1152:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1141:The Silver Horde
1137:"Mongol Scripts"
1132:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1121:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1088:"Unicode 10.0.0"
1084:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1068:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1032:
1026:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1007:
984:
978:
977:
971:
970:
955:
946:
945:
943:
942:
928:
919:
918:
907:
872:
848:
843:
842:
807:Russian alphabet
778:
770:
762:
754:
746:
695:Zanabazar Square
691:Unicode Standard
573:
570:
550:'Phags-pa script
390:Mongolian script
251:, as it was its
196:Mongolian script
136:
129:
125:
122:
116:
114:
73:
49:
41:
32:Mongolian script
21:
6471:
6470:
6466:
6465:
6464:
6462:
6461:
6460:
6446:
6445:
6444:
6439:
6407:
6371:
6355:
6312:
6284:
6251:
6213:
6199:
6193:
6163:
6158:
6150:
6143:
6136:
6123:
6112:
6099:
6051:
6031:
6027:Writing systems
6017:Sex trafficking
6007:Public holidays
5933:
5912:
5869:
5848:Law enforcement
5792:
5774:
5746:
5604:
5595:
5591:Modern Mongolia
5586:1990 Revolution
5569:1921 Revolution
5549:1911 Revolution
5539:Dzungar Khanate
5514:Medieval tribes
5460:
5451:
5421:
5416:
5403:
5369:
5308:
5280:
5252:
5204:
5102:
5096:
5091:
5061:
5052:
5045:
5038:
5031:
5020:
5013:
5006:
4999:
4992:
4985:
4971:
4964:
4957:
4950:
4943:
4936:
4929:
4922:
4911:
4904:
4897:
4890:
4883:
4876:
4869:
4864:Charles Barbier
4862:
4855:
4844:
4837:
4830:
4823:
4816:
4809:
4802:
4795:
4788:
4781:
4774:
4767:
4754:
4747:
4740:
4732:
4725:
4718:
4711:
4696:
4688:
4681:
4674:
4663:
4656:
4649:
4640:
4633:
4626:
4619:
4614:
4603:
4595:
4589:Frequency-based
4584:
4576:
4561:
4554:
4546:
4539:
4531:
4524:
4517:
4510:
4502:
4495:
4488:
4481:
4470:
4462:
4455:
4448:
4441:
4434:
4427:
4420:
4413:
4406:
4399:
4392:
4385:Bharati Braille
4382:
4376:
4368:
4361:
4354:
4343:
4337:
4330:
4323:
4316:
4309:
4302:
4295:
4288:
4281:
4270:
4264:
4257:
4252:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4191:
4184:
4177:
4170:
4163:
4156:
4148:
4141:
4134:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4106:
4099:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4071:
4064:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4021:
4014:
4007:
4000:
3993:
3986:
3979:
3972:
3965:
3959:Unified English
3953:
3946:
3939:
3931:
3924:
3917:
3910:
3903:
3888:Braille scripts
3883:
3876:
3869:
3862:
3855:
3844:
3840:
3835:
3790:
3605:
3588:
3584:Stokoe notation
3560:
3539:
3498:
3453:
3432:
3416:
3380:
3359:Logoconsonantal
3354:
3303:
3256:
3225:
3132:
3115:
3096:Siglas poveiras
3017:
2996:
2955:
2859:Younger Futhark
2563:Gregg shorthand
2359:
2338:
2191:
1843:
1573:
1556:
1335:
1318:
1301:
1274:Writing systems
1262:
1237:
1235:writing systems
1228:
1179:
1174:
1173:
1168:. 2 March 2019.
1160:
1159:
1155:
1145:
1143:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1119:
1117:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1097:
1095:
1094:. June 20, 2017
1086:
1085:
1081:
1073:
1066:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1049:
1034:
1033:
1029:
1017:
1013:
986:
985:
981:
968:
966:
957:
956:
949:
940:
938:
930:
929:
922:
909:
908:
901:
896:
866:
846:Language portal
844:
837:
834:
803:Cyrillic script
799:
785:
783:Cyrillic script
771:and ƶ for "zh"
763:, "ş" for "sh"
736:
730:
703:
701:Foreign scripts
672:
666:
630:Bogdo Zanabazar
614:
608:
571:
552:
546:
512:
506:
462:
456:
432:vertical script
420:Syriac alphabet
416:Uyghur alphabet
406:and captured a
398:, around 1204,
392:
386:
366:
335:Rouran language
296:
253:satellite state
241:Cyrillic script
137:
126:
120:
117:
74:
72:
62:
50:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6469:
6467:
6459:
6458:
6448:
6447:
6441:
6440:
6438:
6437:
6425:
6412:
6409:
6408:
6406:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6379:
6377:
6373:
6372:
6370:
6369:
6363:
6361:
6357:
6356:
6354:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6328:
6322:
6320:
6314:
6313:
6311:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6294:
6292:
6286:
6285:
6283:
6282:
6277:
6275:Tengger Desert
6272:
6267:
6261:
6259:
6253:
6252:
6250:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6223:
6221:
6215:
6214:
6204:
6201:
6200:
6196:Inner Mongolia
6194:
6192:
6191:
6184:
6177:
6169:
6160:
6159:
6157:
6156:
6149:
6148:
6141:
6133:
6132:
6129:
6128:
6125:
6124:
6122:
6121:
6116:
6108:
6103:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6047:
6041:
6039:
6033:
6032:
6030:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5983:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5957:
5951:
5945:
5939:
5938:
5935:
5934:
5932:
5931:
5929:Transportation
5926:
5921:
5916:
5908:
5906:Stock Exchange
5903:
5898:
5893:
5887:
5881:
5875:
5874:
5871:
5870:
5868:
5867:
5862:
5861:
5860:
5850:
5845:
5844:
5843:
5833:
5832:
5831:
5821:
5816:
5811:
5810:
5809:
5804:
5796:
5788:
5786:Prime Minister
5783:
5778:
5770:
5764:
5758:
5752:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5745:
5744:
5743:
5742:
5737:
5727:
5725:National parks
5722:
5721:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5700:
5699:
5698:
5693:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5667:
5666:
5661:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5640:
5639:
5634:
5624:
5618:
5612:
5606:
5605:
5598:
5596:
5594:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5582:
5581:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5470:
5468:
5462:
5461:
5452:
5450:
5449:
5442:
5435:
5427:
5418:
5417:
5408:
5405:
5404:
5402:
5401:
5394:
5387:
5384:Proto-Mongolic
5379:
5377:
5371:
5370:
5368:
5367:
5366:
5365:
5358:
5351:
5344:
5330:
5322:
5320:
5314:
5313:
5310:
5309:
5307:
5306:
5301:
5296:
5290:
5288:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5278:
5271:
5266:
5260:
5258:
5254:
5253:
5251:
5250:
5249:
5248:
5243:
5242:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5218:
5212:
5210:
5206:
5205:
5203:
5202:
5197:
5196:
5195:
5194:
5193:
5192:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5166:
5165:
5164:
5159:
5158:
5157:
5147:
5142:
5132:
5122:
5113:
5111:
5104:
5098:
5097:
5092:
5090:
5089:
5082:
5075:
5067:
5058:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5051:
5050:
5043:
5036:
5028:
5026:
5025:Related topics
5022:
5021:
5019:
5018:
5011:
5004:
5001:New York Point
4997:
4990:
4982:
4980:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4969:
4962:
4955:
4948:
4941:
4934:
4927:
4919:
4917:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4909:
4902:
4895:
4888:
4885:Harris Mowbray
4881:
4874:
4867:
4860:
4852:
4850:
4846:
4845:
4843:
4842:
4835:
4828:
4821:
4814:
4807:
4800:
4793:
4786:
4779:
4772:
4769:Braille e-book
4764:
4762:
4756:
4755:
4753:
4752:
4745:
4738:
4730:
4723:
4716:
4708:
4706:
4702:
4701:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4686:
4679:
4671:
4669:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4654:
4647:
4646:
4645:
4638:
4631:
4624:
4611:
4609:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4592:
4590:
4586:
4585:
4583:
4582:
4573:
4571:
4567:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4559:
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4544:
4537:
4529:
4522:
4515:
4508:
4500:
4493:
4486:
4478:
4476:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4460:
4453:
4446:
4439:
4432:
4425:
4418:
4411:
4404:
4397:
4389:
4387:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4374:
4366:
4359:
4351:
4349:
4339:
4338:
4336:
4335:
4328:
4321:
4314:
4307:
4300:
4293:
4286:
4278:
4276:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4199:
4197:
4190:
4189:
4182:
4175:
4168:
4161:
4154:
4146:
4139:
4132:
4125:
4118:
4111:
4104:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4069:
4062:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3970:
3963:
3951:
3944:
3937:
3929:
3922:
3915:
3908:
3900:
3898:
3896:French-ordered
3889:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3874:
3867:
3860:
3852:
3850:
3846:
3845:
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3800:
3799:
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3778:
3773:
3768:
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3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3736:Linear Elamite
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
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3711:
3706:
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3696:
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3594:
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3576:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3558:Sign languages
3556:
3549:
3548:
3545:
3544:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3537:
3535:Quốc Âm Tân Tự
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3510:Espanca script
3506:
3504:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3469:Linear Elamite
3465:
3463:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3442:
3441:
3438:
3437:
3434:
3433:
3431:
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3424:
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3418:
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3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3362:
3360:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3350:Yi (Classical)
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3270:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3233:
3231:
3227:
3226:
3224:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3197:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3176:
3174:Bronze scripts
3171:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3144:
3134:
3133:
3128:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3022:
3019:
3018:
3013:
3006:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2989:
2987:Flag semaphore
2984:
2982:New York Point
2979:
2977:Telegraph code
2974:
2972:Maritime flags
2969:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2926:Visible Speech
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2896:Sorang Sompeng
2893:
2888:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2780:Galik alphabet
2777:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2680:
2678:Tironian notes
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2544:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2523:
2521:Garay alphabet
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2461:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2371:
2369:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2348:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2304:Sorang Sompeng
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2227:Déné syllabics
2224:
2214:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2187:
2182:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1851:
1849:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
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1772:
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1543:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1522:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1488:Proto-Sinaitic
1485:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1468:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1410:
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1404:
1399:
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1384:
1379:
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1270:
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1255:
1249:
1247:
1239:
1238:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1219:
1212:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1191:
1185:
1178:
1177:External links
1175:
1172:
1171:
1153:
1135:Kapaj, Luigi.
1127:
1105:
1079:
1054:
1047:
1027:
1011:
979:
947:
920:
898:
897:
895:
892:
891:
890:
888:Mongolian name
885:
880:
875:
874:
873:
856:
850:
849:
833:
830:
795:Main article:
784:
781:
732:Main article:
729:
726:
702:
699:
668:Main article:
665:
662:
638:Soyombo symbol
612:Soyombo script
610:Main article:
607:
606:Soyombo script
604:
584:Tibetan script
548:Main article:
545:
542:
508:Main article:
505:
502:
460:Galik alphabet
458:Main article:
455:
454:Galik alphabet
452:
428:Inner Mongolia
410:scribe called
388:Main article:
385:
382:
365:
362:
295:
292:
257:Inner Mongolia
200:Inner Mongolia
139:
138:
53:
51:
44:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6468:
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6104:
6102:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6073:Horse culture
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6042:
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5876:
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5842:
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5827:
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5825:
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5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5808:
5805:
5803:
5802:Supreme Court
5800:
5799:
5797:
5795:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5771:
5769:
5766:
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5762:
5759:
5757:
5753:
5741:
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5602:
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5545:
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5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5519:Mongol Empire
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5484:Proto-Mongols
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5467:
5463:
5459:
5455:
5448:
5443:
5441:
5436:
5434:
5429:
5428:
5425:
5415:
5411:
5406:
5400:
5399:
5395:
5393:
5392:
5391:Middle Mongol
5388:
5386:
5385:
5381:
5380:
5378:
5376:
5372:
5364:
5363:
5359:
5357:
5356:
5352:
5350:
5349:
5345:
5343:
5342:
5338:
5337:
5336:
5335:
5331:
5329:
5328:
5324:
5323:
5321:
5319:
5318:Para-Mongolic
5315:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5297:
5295:
5292:
5291:
5289:
5287:
5283:
5277:
5276:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
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5261:
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5255:
5247:
5244:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5223:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5216:Eastern Yugur
5214:
5213:
5211:
5207:
5201:
5198:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
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5112:
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5037:
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5030:
5029:
5027:
5023:
5016:
5012:
5009:
5008:Night writing
5005:
5002:
4998:
4995:
4991:
4988:
4984:
4983:
4981:
4979:
4974:
4967:
4963:
4960:
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4953:
4949:
4946:
4942:
4939:
4935:
4932:
4928:
4925:
4921:
4920:
4918:
4916:Organisations
4914:
4907:
4903:
4900:
4896:
4893:
4889:
4886:
4882:
4879:
4878:Valentin Haüy
4875:
4872:
4868:
4865:
4861:
4858:
4857:Louis Braille
4854:
4853:
4851:
4847:
4840:
4836:
4833:
4829:
4826:
4822:
4819:
4815:
4812:
4808:
4805:
4801:
4798:
4794:
4791:
4790:Braille watch
4787:
4784:
4780:
4777:
4773:
4770:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4761:
4757:
4750:
4746:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4731:
4728:
4724:
4721:
4717:
4714:
4713:Braille music
4710:
4709:
4707:
4703:
4691:
4687:
4684:
4680:
4677:
4676:Luxembourgish
4673:
4672:
4670:
4666:
4659:
4655:
4652:
4648:
4643:
4639:
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4509:
4505:
4501:
4498:
4494:
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4487:
4484:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4475:Other scripts
4473:
4465:
4461:
4458:
4454:
4451:
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4444:
4440:
4437:
4433:
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4426:
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4409:
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4379:
4371:
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4347:
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4308:
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4294:
4291:
4287:
4284:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4267:
4256:
4251:
4248:
4247:Northern Sámi
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4228:
4226:
4222:
4219:
4215:
4212:
4208:
4205:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4196:Nordic family
4194:
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4183:
4180:
4176:
4173:
4169:
4166:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4144:
4140:
4137:
4136:South African
4133:
4130:
4126:
4123:
4119:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4105:
4102:
4098:
4095:
4091:
4088:
4084:
4081:
4077:
4074:
4070:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4058:Luxembourgish
4055:
4052:
4048:
4045:
4041:
4038:
4034:
4031:
4027:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4013:
4010:
4006:
4003:
3999:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3985:
3982:
3978:
3975:
3971:
3968:
3964:
3960:
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3909:
3906:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3897:
3893:
3890:
3886:
3879:
3875:
3872:
3871:ASCII braille
3868:
3865:
3861:
3858:
3854:
3853:
3851:
3847:
3839:
3832:
3827:
3825:
3820:
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3809:
3805:
3787:
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3779:
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3774:
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3769:
3767:
3764:
3762:
3759:
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3734:
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3670:
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3617:
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3612:
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3608:
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3599:
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3472:
3470:
3467:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3447:
3443:
3429:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3419:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3402:Attic (Greek)
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3340:Proto-Elamite
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3306:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3267:
3263:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3228:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3131:
3126:
3122:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3016:
3011:
3007:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2854:Elder Futhark
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2745:Old Hungarian
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2573:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2353:
2349:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2279:Masaram Gondi
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2249:Gunjala Gondi
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2062:
2061:Old Sundanese
2059:
2058:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2004:Old Maldivian
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1987:Bilang-bilang
1985:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1850:
1846:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1807:Sylheti Nagri
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1608:Brahmi script
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1503:South Arabian
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1449:Inscriptional
1447:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1308:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1206:
1205:
1202:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1167:
1163:
1157:
1154:
1142:
1138:
1131:
1128:
1115:
1109:
1106:
1093:
1089:
1083:
1080:
1072:
1065:
1058:
1055:
1050:
1044:
1041:. Routledge.
1040:
1039:
1031:
1028:
1024:
1022:
1015:
1012:
1006:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
983:
980:
976:
965:
961:
954:
952:
948:
937:
933:
927:
925:
921:
916:
912:
906:
904:
900:
893:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
870:
865:
862:
861:
860:
857:
855:
852:
851:
847:
841:
836:
831:
829:
826:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
798:
789:
782:
780:
776:
768:
760:
752:
744:
735:
727:
725:
723:
719:
715:
714:
709:
700:
698:
696:
692:
687:
685:
676:
671:
663:
661:
659:
653:
651:
647:
646:national flag
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
618:
613:
605:
603:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
566:
556:
551:
541:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
520:
519:Buddhist monk
517:
514:In 1648, the
511:
504:Todo alphabet
503:
497:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
461:
453:
451:
449:
445:
444:folded script
441:
436:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
402:defeated the
401:
397:
396:Mongol Empire
391:
383:
378:
370:
363:
361:
359:
355:
351:
347:
342:
340:
339:Brahmi script
336:
332:
331:
326:
325:
319:
317:
313:
309:
300:
293:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
264:
262:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
217:
215:
211:
210:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
145:
135:
132:
124:
121:December 2016
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82: –
81:
77:
76:Find sources:
70:
66:
60:
59:
54:This article
52:
48:
43:
42:
37:
33:
19:
6432:
6420:
6388:Zhaojun Tomb
6111:Tsagaan Sar
6045:Architecture
6026:
6002:Prostitution
5955:Demographics
5836:Human rights
5775:(parliament)
5768:Constitution
5579:World War II
5554:Bogd Khanate
5524:Yuan dynasty
5509:Liao dynasty
5409:
5396:
5389:
5382:
5360:
5353:
5346:
5339:
5332:
5325:
5273:
5101:Contemporary
4548:Thai and Lao
4225:Scandinavian
3857:1829 braille
3849:Braille cell
3649:Cypro-Minoan
3515:Pahawh Hmong
3428:Sitelen Pona
3392:Hindu-Arabic
2725:Mundari Bani
2299:Pahawh Hmong
2108:Tamil-Brahmi
2014:Eveyla Akuru
2009:Dhives Akuru
1476:Paleo-Hebrew
1343:
1279:undeciphered
1165:
1156:
1144:. Retrieved
1140:
1130:
1118:. Retrieved
1108:
1096:. Retrieved
1082:
1057:
1037:
1030:
1019:
1014:
995:
991:
982:
973:
967:. Retrieved
963:
939:. Retrieved
935:
914:
827:
825:ever since.
814:
810:
800:
737:
728:Latin script
722:Perso-Arabic
711:
704:
688:
683:
681:
658:inscriptions
654:
623:
596:Gari Ledyard
587:
565:Yuan dynasty
561:
522:Zaya Pandita
513:
510:Clear script
472:, the third
470:Sonam Gyatso
466:Ayuush Güüsh
463:
443:
439:
437:
400:Genghis Khan
393:
343:
330:Khüis Tolgoi
328:
324:Brāhmī Bugut
322:
320:
305:
265:
249:Soviet Union
237:Latin script
218:
207:
187:
185:
148:
127:
118:
108:
101:
94:
87:
75:
63:Please help
58:verification
55:
6383:Shiretu Juu
6270:Gobi Desert
5891:Agriculture
5791:Government
5676:Gobi Desert
5632:Ulaanbaatar
5221:Shirongolic
5162:Sart Kalmyk
5047:RoboBraille
4871:Róża Czacka
4811:Perforation
4608:Independent
4506:(Bhutanese)
4241:Greenlandic
3912:Azerbaijani
3714:Jindai moji
3603:Syllabaries
3574:SignWriting
3474:Celtiberian
3376:Hieroglyphs
3179:Seal script
3164:Traditional
3036:Blissymbols
2941:Warang Citi
2916:Tolong Siki
2869:Marcomannic
2849:Dalecarlian
2839:Anglo-Saxon
2819:Pau Cin Hau
2710:Medefaidrin
2663:Merovingian
2623:Blackletter
2531:Asomtavruli
2324:Warang Citi
2133:Ulu scripts
2078:New Tai Lue
2021:Mon–Burmese
1875:Bhattiprolu
1703:Nandinagari
1530:ʾEsṭrangēlā
1289:constructed
867: [
718:Middle East
576:Kublai Khan
572: 1269
153:traditional
6100:(festival)
6078:Literature
5913:(currency)
5798:Judiciary
5534:Four Oirat
5375:Historical
4599:(obsolete)
4580:(obsolete)
4372:(Pakistan)
4283:Belarusian
4165:Vietnamese
4108:Portuguese
4094:Philippine
4051:Lithuanian
3704:Hentaigana
3699:Man'yōgana
3159:Simplified
3046:Ersu Shaba
2960:Non-linear
2765:Old Uyghur
2755:Old Permic
2750:Old Italic
2683:Visigothic
2618:Beneventan
2553:Glagolitic
2516:Gadabuursi
2180:Kolezhuthu
2175:Vatteluttu
2113:Tanchangya
2036:Saurashtra
1613:Devanagari
1471:Phoenician
1424:Manichaean
969:2024-07-05
941:2024-07-05
894:References
819:introduced
602:alphabet.
474:Dalai Lama
412:Tata-tonga
316:Man'yōgana
294:Precursors
243:under the
202:region of
91:newspapers
6290:Education
6257:Geography
6050:Biyelgee
5987:Education
5901:Companies
5819:Elections
5793:(cabinet)
5781:President
5703:Mountains
5681:Grassland
5610:Geography
5544:Qing rule
5412:indicate
5294:Qoqmončaq
5200:Khamnigan
5125:Mongolian
5015:Vibratese
4994:Moon type
4987:Decapoint
4668:Eight-dot
4621:Cantonese
4570:Reordered
4533:Inuktitut
4422:Malayalam
4332:Ukrainian
4311:Mongolian
4290:Bulgarian
4253:Norwegian
4218:Icelandic
4009:Hungarian
3967:Esperanto
3919:Cantonese
3503:Redundant
3315:Anatolian
3266:Cuneiform
3194:bird-worm
3130:Logograms
3101:Testerian
3015:Ideograms
2992:Moon type
2879:Staveless
2770:Mongolian
2715:Molodtsov
2673:Sütterlin
2541:Mkhedruli
2407:Bassa Vah
2357:Alphabets
2329:Mwangwego
2294:Mwangwego
2269:Kharosthi
2222:Blackfoot
2185:Malayanma
2056:Sundanese
2051:Sukhothai
1999:Malayalam
1950:Khom Thai
1910:Goykanadi
1834:Tocharian
1787:ʼPhags-pa
1658:Khudabadi
1603:Bhaiksuki
1498:Samaritan
1429:Nabataean
1284:inventors
958:gogo.mn.
817:. It was
161:'Phags-pa
147:The word
6450:Category
6422:Category
6232:Politics
6154:Category
6106:Religion
5997:Language
5853:Military
5756:Politics
5691:Khövsgöl
5474:Timeline
5458:articles
5454:Mongolia
5299:Tangwang
5225:Baoanic
5209:Southern
5184:Khorchin
5103:Mongolic
4651:Japanese
4512:Georgian
4504:Dzongkha
4490:Armenian
4408:Gujarati
4273:Cyrillic
4204:Estonian
4179:Yugoslav
4115:Romanian
4087:Nigerian
4002:Hawaiian
3988:Ghanaian
3905:Albanian
3766:Sumerian
3731:Linear B
3694:Katakana
3689:Hiragana
3639:Cherokee
3569:ASLwrite
3530:Bopomofo
3385:Numerals
3371:Hieratic
3330:Isthmian
3299:Sumerian
3279:Assyrian
3274:Akkadian
2931:Vithkuqi
2906:Tifinagh
2874:Medieval
2829:Pisidian
2824:Phrygian
2795:Vagindra
2740:Ol Chiki
2648:Interlac
2603:Kayah Li
2593:Jenticha
2548:Veso Bey
2536:Nuskhuri
2526:Georgian
2496:Formosan
2491:Etruscan
2486:Enochian
2442:Cyrillic
2427:Coelbren
2385:Armenian
2284:Meroitic
2274:Mandombe
2264:Jenticha
2128:Tigalari
2093:Tai Viet
2088:Tai Tham
2068:Tagbanwa
1920:Javanese
1870:Baybayin
1860:Balinese
1848:Southern
1743:Pracalit
1738:Pachumol
1713:Bhujimol
1673:Mahajani
1633:Gurmukhi
1623:Gujarati
1591:Northern
1571:Abugidas
1552:Ugaritic
1540:Maḏnḥāyā
1414:Tifinagh
1407:Solitreo
1345:Numerals
1258:Grapheme
1246:Overview
1146:20 March
1120:20 March
1098:June 21,
1071:Archived
832:See also
823:Mongolia
642:Mongolia
634:Sanskrit
538:Xinjiang
530:Sanskrit
482:Sanskrit
233:Mongolia
225:Sanskrit
214:Mongolia
209:de facto
206:and has
186:Various
181:Cyrillic
6434:Commons
6367:Hot pot
6360:Cuisine
6318:Culture
6280:Climate
6242:Economy
6227:History
6219:General
6210:capital
6138:Outline
6098:Naadam
6063:Cuisine
6052:(dance)
6037:Culture
5970:Buryats
5965:Khalkha
5960:Mongols
5943:Society
5924:Tourism
5911:Tögrög
5896:Banking
5879:Economy
5735:Selenga
5718:Khentii
5713:Khangai
5664:Mammals
5644:Climate
5622:Borders
5494:Xianbei
5489:Xiongnu
5466:History
5410:Italics
5362:Tuyuhun
5246:Monguor
5234:Kangjia
5179:Chakhar
5145:Darkhad
5130:Khalkha
5110:Central
4556:Tibetan
4497:Burmese
4483:Amharic
4466:(India)
4443:Sinhala
4436:Punjabi
4415:Kannada
4363:Persian
4318:Russian
4258:Swedish
4236:Finnish
4211:Faroese
4186:Zambian
4158:Turkish
4143:Spanish
4066:Maltese
4044:Latvian
4037:Italian
4016:Iñupiaq
3995:Guarani
3955:English
3926:Catalan
3843:⠃⠗⠁⠊⠇⠇⠑
3838:Braille
3721:Kikakui
3659:Eskayan
3644:Cypriot
3494:Dunging
3366:Demotic
3345:Tenevil
3289:Hittite
3284:Elamite
3237:Jurchen
3216:Sawndip
3211:Chữ Nôm
3111:Zapotec
3106:Yerkish
3081:Nsibidi
3066:Miꞌkmaw
3056:Isotype
3026:Adinkra
2967:Braille
2951:Zaghawa
2921:Vellara
2901:Sunuwar
2891:Sidetic
2886:Shavian
2814:Osmanya
2804:Ol Onal
2658:Kurrent
2643:Insular
2633:Fraktur
2608:Klingon
2598:Kaddare
2572:Archaic
2481:Elbasan
2469:Chinook
2459:Deseret
2447:Bosnian
2402:Avoiuli
2390:Avestan
2380:Ariyaka
2309:Tengwar
2207:Bharati
2168:Serawai
2158:Pasemah
2143:Lampung
2098:Lai Tay
2083:Tai Noi
2046:Sinhala
2026:Pallava
1994:Makasar
1982:Lontara
1957:Kulitan
1930:Kannada
1925:Kadamba
1915:Hanunoo
1905:Grantha
1900:Fakkham
1817:Tibetan
1802:Soyombo
1797:Siddhaṃ
1792:Sharada
1768:Litumol
1758:Tirhuta
1748:Ranjana
1733:Kvemmol
1693:Multani
1678:Marchen
1643:Kalinga
1583:Brahmic
1520:Sogdian
1459:Psalter
1439:Pahlavi
1419:Mandaic
1397:Cursive
1382:Elymaic
1353:Aramaic
964:gogo.mn
813:and Үү
626:abugida
490:Russian
486:Chinese
478:Tibetan
424:Sogdian
404:Naimans
308:Xianbei
229:Tibetan
221:Chinese
212:use in
173:Soyombo
105:scholar
6265:Cities
6206:Hohhot
6198:topics
6058:Cinema
5992:Health
5975:Oirats
5740:Orkhon
5730:Rivers
5627:Cities
5456:
5348:Khitan
5275:Rouran
5269:Moghol
5174:Baarin
5155:Torgut
5150:Kalmyk
5140:Alasha
5120:Buryat
4976:Other
4849:People
4839:Braigo
4658:Korean
4526:Hebrew
4457:Telugu
4356:Arabic
4346:Arabic
4304:Kyrgyz
4297:Kazakh
4231:Danish
4129:Slovak
4122:Samoan
4101:Polish
4080:Navajo
3981:German
3974:French
3841:
3786:Yugtun
3776:Woleai
3726:Kpelle
3709:Sōgana
3629:Byblos
3407:Muisca
3325:Cretan
3294:Luwian
3252:Tangut
3071:Mixtec
3041:Dongba
2946:Yezidi
2936:Wancho
2911:Todhri
2864:Gothic
2844:Cipher
2785:Manchu
2775:Evenki
2760:Orkhon
2705:Manchu
2700:Lydian
2695:Lycian
2638:Gaelic
2588:Hanifi
2583:Hangul
2558:Gothic
2506:Fraser
2501:Fox II
2437:Coptic
2412:Carian
2395:Pazend
2368:Linear
2314:Thaana
2259:Sarati
2200:Others
2163:Rejang
2148:Lembak
2138:Incung
2118:Telugu
2073:Tai Le
1967:Langdi
1890:Chakma
1780:Karani
1753:Tamyig
1728:Kummol
1723:Himmol
1718:Golmol
1698:Nagari
1683:Meitei
1668:Lepcha
1653:Khojki
1638:Kaithi
1525:Syriac
1513:Musnad
1392:Ashuri
1387:Hebrew
1370:Elifba
1365:Arabic
1358:Hatran
1333:Abjads
1194:Inkway
1045:
600:hangul
534:Russia
422:, via
408:Uyghur
348:spoke
346:Khitan
169:Manchu
157:folded
149:Mongol
107:
100:
93:
86:
78:
6145:Index
6119:Sport
6093:Music
6083:Media
6022:Women
5708:Altai
5686:Lakes
5671:Flora
5659:Birds
5654:Fauna
5355:Tuoba
5334:Serbi
5304:Wutun
5286:mixed
5264:Dagur
5257:other
5239:Santa
5229:Bonan
5189:Ordos
5135:Oirat
4692:(GS8)
4683:Kanji
4541:Khmer
4519:Greek
4450:Tamil
4383:i.e.
4344:i.e.
4325:Tatar
4271:i.e.
4172:Welsh
4073:Māori
4030:Irish
3948:Dutch
3941:Czech
3751:Nüshu
3619:Bamum
3614:Afaka
3421:Other
3412:Roman
3397:Abjad
3320:Bagam
3221:Bowen
3206:Kanji
3201:Hanja
3189:small
3184:large
3091:Olmec
3061:Kaidā
3051:Emoji
3031:Aztec
2834:Runic
2809:Osage
2790:Oirat
2735:Ogham
2668:Sigla
2613:Latin
2568:Greek
2452:Early
2422:Cirth
2375:Adlam
2244:Geʽez
2239:Fox I
2103:Tamil
1962:Lanna
1945:Khmer
1935:Karen
1885:Buhid
1865:Batak
1822:Uchen
1812:Takri
1763:Limbu
1663:Laṇḍā
1648:Khema
1628:Gupta
1618:Dogri
1535:Serṭā
1508:Zabur
1493:Punic
1466:Pegon
1402:Rashi
1316:Types
1267:Lists
1231:Types
1074:(PDF)
1067:(PDF)
1025:1994.
871:]
592:gloss
526:Oirat
516:Oirat
261:China
204:China
179:, 8.
175:, 7.
171:, 6.
167:, 5.
163:, 4.
159:, 3.
155:, 2.
112:JSTOR
98:books
5841:LGBT
5341:Duan
5327:Awar
4464:Urdu
4429:Odia
4370:Urdu
3746:Loma
3741:Lisu
3684:Kana
3674:Iban
3664:Geba
3624:Bété
3579:si5s
3489:Khom
3462:Full
3335:Maya
2730:N'Ko
2289:Miao
2234:Dham
2153:Ogan
2123:Thai
2041:Shan
1977:Leke
1940:Kawi
1895:Cham
1880:Buda
1855:Ahom
1775:Odia
1688:Modi
1444:Book
1148:2021
1122:2021
1100:2017
1043:ISBN
488:and
480:and
356:and
344:The
327:and
306:The
227:and
165:Todo
84:news
5696:Uvs
4023:IPA
3771:Vai
3679:Idu
3247:Sui
2720:Mru
2690:Luo
2653:IPA
2334:Rma
2031:Pyu
1972:Lao
1827:Umê
1233:of
1000:doi
574:),
216:.
67:by
6452::
3781:Yi
1164:.
1139:.
1090:.
994:.
990:.
972:.
962:.
950:^
934:.
923:^
913:.
902:^
869:zh
815:Üü
811:Öö
775:dʒ
759:tʃ
569:c.
450:.
341:.
333:,
282:,
278:,
274:,
223:,
6337:)
6333:(
6212:)
6208:(
6188:e
6181:t
6174:v
5446:e
5439:t
5432:v
5086:e
5079:t
5072:v
3961:)
3957:(
3830:e
3823:t
3816:v
2574:)
2570:(
1223:e
1216:t
1209:v
1150:.
1124:.
1102:.
1051:.
1023:,
1008:.
1002::
996:3
944:.
917:.
777:/
773:/
769:/
767:ʃ
765:/
761:/
757:/
753:/
751:ɵ
749:/
745:/
743:u
741:/
567:(
134:)
128:(
123:)
119:(
109:·
102:·
95:·
88:·
61:.
38:.
20:)
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