416:, made her first public appearance in the audience. These two novel policies — openly celebrating Western popular culture and publicly acknowledging the leader's spouse, along with considerable coverage of the event in the West — is thought to have served Kim's agenda. The event allowed Kim to flaunt openness while not making any substantial promises about changes in policy. As the debut was also officially set up to inspire textile workers, it can be seen as carrying a message of improvement of living-standards. As South Korean media raised questions about a fundamental opening up of North Korea's culture being foreshadowed by the concert, North Korea responded that "there would be no such policy shift as expected by enemy countries", and that the performance followed
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performed alongside the much more conservative State
Merited Orchestra and Chorus. Differences in style are highlighted by the joint performance of Moranbong Band's arrangement of "Without a Break", originally a military march, the rhythm of which the State Merited Orchestra and Chorus had trouble maintaining. During the 2013 New Years concert, at the end of the song "Without a Break" videos are shown behind the band of nuclear missiles being launched and destroying the United States of America and the crowd stands and cheers during the launch and subsequent destruction of the U.S. In the first of the two joint concerts, the State Merited Orchestra and Chorus dominated. However, by the second concert the Moranbong Band was again the more prominent one.
33:
436:"Arirang", female vocal quintet "Let's Learn(배우자)", light music "Yeppuni(예쁜이)", light music and song "Victors(승리자들)", female trio "Silk Weaving Girl of Nyongbyon(녕변의 비단처녀)", string quartet "We Can't Live without his Care(그 품 떠나 못살아)", foreign light music "Chardash", "Victory", "Song of Gypsy", female sextet "Fluttering Red Flag(붉은기 펄펄)" and light music and song "Suite of World Fable Songs". The July 7, 2012 audience was composed of
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mini-skirts and high heels for women, and their short hairstyles have become popular among middle-class
Pyongyang girls. The band quickly became a cultural symbol of limited openness to Western influences to the young of North Korea. In addition to the targeted elite groups, the band's exposure has concerned virtually the whole population with TV sets.
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number of members has enabled them to play a variety of different styles of music as well as some technically challenging arrangements. Changes in the lineup have not changed the musical style of the band, suggesting that members are swapped because of their technical ability rather than artistic input. Members of the band hold high
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in the military and, with the exception of the debut, have appeared in public in uniforms and with insignia. Thus the band is in fact a "military orchestra" instead of a "pop band". After the debut, the extravagance of the clothes and jewelry was toned down, hairstyles shortened, and the band members
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The
Moranbong Band consists of only women. In contrast to South Korean girl bands, the members of the Moranbong Band play their own instruments. Due to North Korean musical education aspiring for precision and accuracy, their playing abilities are described as "very accomplished and tight". The large
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commemoration, acted as a reminder that the exceptional repertoire of the debut was not a complete shift in North Korean cultural policy. In August 2013, the band disappeared from public in midst of rumors of a purge of classical musicians in
Pyongyang. When the band returned after four months, they
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The need for a modern pop band in North Korea has been attributed to the regime's necessity to please important social strata: Pyongyang elites, military and technical professionals, women, and in particular, young people. The existence of the band suggests the acceptability of fashion items such as
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Another reviewer said, "We must take care, however, not to see these talented performers dressed in flashy costume as new archetypes for the New Modern Woman in the DPRK. According to Nicola Dibben's theorizing of the female representation in popular music, "It would be hopelessly naïve to declare
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A third commentator said, "If state propaganda is to be believed, the
Moranbong Band's first performance was also meant to stimulate production in the textile sector, an important node of which Kim Jong Un and his female companion had visited the day before the ensemble's premiere in Pyongyang."
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and North Korea; these would have been the band's first performances outside of North Korea. However, the band left
Beijing on a scheduled flight to Pyongyang only a few hours before their performance was scheduled. China's Xinhua news agency stated that all of the band's performances had been
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was also absent from the band's ranks despite the performance featuring highly technical instrumental pieces. The songs performed were noticeably non-political and influenced by
Western popular music leading Adam Catchart to conclude that the performance was "uncomfortably approximate to the
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Another commentator said, "If a candidate exists that might represent the edge of a possible NK-pop invasion, it is surely the
Moranbong Band, which debuted at a concert for Kim Jong Un in July 2012—not incidentally, the same month in which Psy's "Gangnam Style" was released."
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One reviewer said, "The
Moranbong girls are not what you'd expect from an unfashionably totalitarian regime where grey is the new grey. Their skirts are short, the hair is trendy, the music danceable. It could just about pass as a Eurovision entry from Azerbaijan."
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to memorize the tunes and lyrics. The drastic changes of key in the musical composition of the songs has been interpreted to carry a message "that rapid change is coming, and things may end very differently than where they began".
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The band just several months old raised its curtain for its significant demonstration performance proclaiming its birth before the world." The repertoire of the performance divided into two parts included colorful numbers such as
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According to KCNA, "Kim Jong Un organized the
Moranbong band as required by the new century, prompted by a grandiose plan to bring about a dramatic turn in the field of literature and arts this year in which a new century of
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On July 27th 2023, for the first time in 3 years, multiple singers from the Moranbong Band made an appearance during the 'Grand Performance to Celebrate 70th Anniversary of Great War Victory' concert.
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that such tactics are exclusively empowering in their influence." Rather, the gender division of the performance as a whole—from the stage through the audience space—should be examined for context.
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The band is immensely popular in North Korea, and visitors to the country have reported people dancing to Moranbong Band's songs in the streets and shops closing during television performances.
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From 15 July until 7 September 2015, the band were not seen in public or live on television sparking rumours that they had disbanded or 'disappeared' and been replaced by the
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reported that North Korea had cancelled the tour because China had requested that North Korea's missiles should not be shown during performances.
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On 7 or 28 April 2015, the Moranbong Band performed for the first time in nine months. The concert marked the last public appearance of
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The founding of the new, more modern band can be seen as an acknowledgement that several other light-music bands, such as the
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and "officials, creators, artists, writers and journalists of literary and art, media and art educational institutions".
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Since its debut, the band's extremely Western look has been toned down considerably. The band's second appearance, at a
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together with the State Merited Chorus in Pyongyang, including the popular North Korean song "Pyongyang Is Best" and "
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947:"How Authoritarian Regimes Maintain Domain Consensus: North Korea's Information Strategies in the Kim Jong-un Era"
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1227:"Packaged and Controlled by the Masculine State: Moranbong Band and Gender in New Chosun-Style Performance"
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The Moranbong Band has brought forth many propaganda songs in praise of Kim Jong Un, many of which feature
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The band performed in a concert in Pyongyang, celebrating the start of 2019, without previous band leader
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because it is "putting together different kinds of sounds, and ending in a harmonious, pleasing result."
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nightclub experience". However, the band also sported a new song directly in praise of Kim Jong Un: "
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1615:위대한 조국해방전쟁승리 70돐경축 대공연 Grand Performance Given to Celebrate 70th Anniversary of Great War Victory
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North Korea Confidential: Private Markets, Fashion Trends, Prison Camps, Dissenters and Defectors
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718:. In 2018, she led a four-person team which visited South Korea to discuss arrangements for the
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1063:"Is He or Is He Not? Political Authority, Media Appearance, and the DPRK Leadership Question"
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printed full notation of such songs on its first page as a signal for service people of the
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1664:"Meet North Korea's new girl band: five girls who just wanna have state-sanctioned fun"
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1274:"Kim Jong Un Appreciates Demonstration Performance of Newly Organized Moranbong Band"
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1694:"Songun Mini-Skirt: Ri Sol-ju, the Moranbong Band, and North Korean Fashion Norms"
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516:. However, on 7 September, the band performed in front of a state delegation from
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1040:"The Korean Wave's Northern Undertow: Cultural Hybridity and the Moranbong Band"
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400:", "Penelope", and "Serenade de l'Étoile", as well as "The Duel", described as "
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1418:"Kim Jong Un's favourite girl band re-emerges after fears over 'disappearance'"
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In December 2015, Kim Jong Un sent the band to perform in a series of shows in
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The band was set up to perform regular televised concerts as entertainment.
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1721:"Tradition and Legitimation in North Korea: The Role of the Moranbong Band"
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The band has been referred to in the West as "North Korea's version of the
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1343:"Purges, Baekdu, and the Moranbong Band: Data Points around General Hyon"
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844:"Moranbong style: North Korea's first girl band may be a sign of change"
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reportedly were placed on a diet to make them appear uniform in size.
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The band debuted on 6 July 2012. Their first performance featured
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1596:"North Korea rings in new year with midnight concert, drone show"
1194:
Origins of North Korea's Juche: Colonialism, War, and Development
945:
Adam Cathcart; Christopher Green; Steven Denney (December 2014).
1539:"North Korean pop band cancels Beijing concert, leaves for home"
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1522:
Mystery Cloaks a North Korean Pop Band's Canceled Beijing Dates
909:"Kim Jong-Un's Girl Band Is Everything You Thought It Would Be"
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1165:"Moranbong Band: Joseon Style Electronic Music on a New Level"
881:"Rock Gospels: Analyzing the Artistic Style of Moranbong Band"
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cancelled due to "communication issues at the working level".
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1469:"Kim Jong-un's pop propaganda girl group to perform in China"
1368:"N. Korea's all-female music band disappears from broadcasts"
1638:"Meet Hyon Song Wol, North Korea's Pop Star Turned Diplomat"
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has disappeared and the Sea of Blood Opera Company demoted.
742:"Consider the jewelry line-up on the Moranbong singers..."
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1441:"Kim Jong Un is sending his personal girl band to Beijing"
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Choe Jong Im (최정임) – Saxophone, Clarinet & Percussion
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before his apparent purge later that month. Band leader
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As of May 2013, the band's lineup was as follows.
1496:"N Korean pop band Moranbong ends China goodwill tour"
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524:" for their Cuban audience, quashing these rumours.
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1318:Moranbong Band Discography 2012.07.06 - 2015.04.27
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1395:"Moranbong, the non-vanishing North Korean band"
714:), the leader of the band, was appointed to the
1568:"Hyon Song-wol, Moranbong Band leader and more"
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1001:Daniel Tudor; James Pearson (April 14, 2015).
607:Sonu Hyang-hui (선우향희) – Violin and Band Leader
261:girl group. Performing interpretive styles of
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1225:Draudt, Darcie; Lee, Jimin (May 3, 2013).
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1789:State Merited Chorus & Moranbong Band
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658:Merited Artist Kim Yu Kyong (김유경)- Vocals
1719:Korhonen, Pekka; Cathcart, Adam (2017).
1197:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 26.
661:Merited Artist Kim Sol Mi (김설미) – Vocals
1129:The Korea Foundation (March 30, 2013).
1090:The Korea Foundation (March 30, 2013).
807:
716:Central Committee of the Workers' Party
664:Merited Artist Ryu Jin A (류진아) – Vocals
1038:Ter Molen, Sherri L. (June 25, 2013).
907:Zarya, Valentina (December 11, 2015).
817:"Far from the Moran Hill Orchestra..."
676:Merited Artist Ra Yu Mi (라유미) – Vocals
1561:
1559:
1439:Griffiths, James (December 9, 2015).
1007:. Tuttle Publishing. pp. 72–73.
628:Kim Yong-Mi – Piano & Synthesizer
7:
1537:Blanchard, Ben (December 13, 2015).
1393:Evens, Stephen (September 9, 2015).
700:People's Actress Kim Ok-Ju – Vocals
322:have diminished in importance. The
1820:2012 establishments in North Korea
1815:Musical groups established in 2012
1467:Ryall, Julian (December 9, 2015).
1416:Dubuis, Anna (September 8, 2015).
14:
1692:Cathcart, Adam (August 9, 2013).
1636:Regan, Helen (January 25, 2018).
1594:Zwirko, Colin (January 1, 2019).
1566:Hyun-ju, Ock (January 15, 2018).
1093:Korea Focus — September 2012
842:Boehler, Patrick (July 6, 2013).
685:Merited Artist Ri Ok-Hwa – Vocals
625:Kim Hyang Sun (김향선) – Synthesizer
485:Minister of People's Armed Forces
384:". Other Western music included "
1061:Korhonen, Pekka (May 20, 2014).
770:
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646:Kang Ryong Hui (강령희) – Guitarist
622:Ri Hui Kyong (리희경) – Synthesizer
31:
1666:. The Telegraph. Archived from
1341:Cathcart, Adam (May 16, 2015).
1312:Korhonen, Pekka (May 2, 2015).
1132:Korea Focus — October 2012
37:Moranbong Band in Beijing, 2015
1302:Samheroyang channel on YouTube
1280:. July 7, 2012. Archived from
815:Clara Fontana (May 16, 2015).
791:List of North Korean musicians
505:
404:"; '"Victory", introduced as "
215:
163:
147:
1:
1810:North Korean all-female bands
1738:10.25024/review.2017.20.2.001
1662:Stanley, Tim (May 29, 2013).
966:10.25024/review.2014.17.2.005
796:Three Girls Revitalizing Asia
349:imagery and music, including
1725:The Review of Korean Studies
954:The Review of Korean Studies
673:Pak Son Hyang (박선향) – Vocals
670:Jong Su Hyang (정수향) – Vocals
610:Hong Su Kyong (홍수경) – Violin
302:Pochonbo Electronic Ensemble
1163:Jimin Lee (April 8, 2013).
682:Ri Myong Hui (리명희) – Vocals
667:Pak Mi Kyong (박미경) – Vocals
298:Wangjaesan Light Music Band
225:
192:
178:
1836:
1278:Korean Central News Agency
1135:. i-ePUB, Inc. p. 2.
1096:. i-ePUB, Inc. p. 2.
679:Ri Su Kyong (리수경) – Vocals
643:Han Sun Jong (한순정) – Drums
634:Sonu Jang-Hyok – Saxophone
613:Cha Yong Mi (차영미) – Violin
497:We Will Go to Mount Paektu
710:
655:Jon Hye Ryon (전혜련) – Bass
637:Kim Jong Mi (김정미) – Piano
410:a country music selection
199:
130:
30:
848:South China Morning Post
649:Jo Kyong-Hui – Guitarist
619:Yu Un Jong (유은정) – Cello
347:Western popular culture
16:North Korean girl group
122:Son-u Hyang-hui (선우향희)
43:Background information
1284:on September 10, 2009
1191:Jae-Jung Suh (2013).
697:Kim Chong-Ye – Vocals
688:Jo Guk-Hyang – Vocals
253:), also known as the
116:Kang Phyong Hui (강평희)
786:Music of North Korea
691:Kim Hyo-Sim – Vocals
578:Korean People's Army
255:Moran Hill Orchestra
173:Revised Romanization
1766:Moranbong Band blog
1527:. December 26, 2015
1502:. December 12, 2015
1474:The Daily Telegraph
1374:. September 7, 2015
694:Yu Pong-Mi – Vocals
114:Kim Hyang Sun (김향순)
1420:. The Daily Mirror
778:North Korea portal
640:Ri Yun-Hui – Drums
616:Kim Un-Ha – Violin
408:"; and "Dallas": "
1249:"Without A Break"
1204:978-0-7391-7658-0
1142:978-89-86090-90-1
1103:978-89-86090-89-5
1014:978-1-4629-1512-5
879:(March 4, 2014).
652:Ri Sol-Lan – Bass
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1257:. June 15, 2017.
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324:Unhasu Orchestra
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65:North Korean pop
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1670:on June 8, 2013
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1618:, July 29, 2023
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442:Jang Song-thaek
367:Winnie the Pooh
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334:Korea begins".
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193:Moranbong aktan
179:Moranbong akdan
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1761:Pekka Korhonen
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1755:External links
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514:Chongbong Band
492:Sonu Hyang-hui
488:Hyon Yong-chol
462:Kim Phyong-hae
438:Choe Ryong-hae
402:a popular song
390:Zigeunerweisen
342:
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207:Moranbong Band
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1783:(in Chinese)
1728:
1724:
1698:. Retrieved
1672:. Retrieved
1668:the original
1657:
1645:. Retrieved
1641:
1631:
1620:, retrieved
1614:
1608:
1589:
1577:. Retrieved
1571:
1548:December 13,
1546:. Retrieved
1532:
1524:
1516:
1506:December 13,
1504:. Retrieved
1490:
1478:. Retrieved
1472:
1462:
1450:. Retrieved
1444:
1434:
1424:September 9,
1422:. Retrieved
1411:
1401:September 9,
1399:. Retrieved
1388:
1378:September 9,
1376:. Retrieved
1362:
1350:. Retrieved
1346:
1321:. Retrieved
1317:
1314:"2015.04.27"
1307:
1298:
1286:. Retrieved
1282:the original
1252:
1243:
1231:. Retrieved
1193:
1186:
1174:. Retrieved
1168:
1158:
1146:. Retrieved
1131:
1107:. Retrieved
1092:
1070:. Retrieved
1066:
1056:
1044:. Retrieved
1042:. SinoNK.com
1018:. Retrieved
1003:
977:. Retrieved
957:
953:
902:
890:. Retrieved
884:
847:
837:
825:. Retrieved
819:
810:
744:
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736:
732:
729:
703:
597:
588:
571:
565:
563:
560:Performances
555:
548:
541:
526:
522:Guantanamera
511:
482:
454:Kim Yang-gon
430:
422:
372:
359:Minnie Mouse
344:
336:
328:
305:
295:
291:
279:
259:North Korean
254:
206:
204:
90:Years active
18:
1731:(2): 7–32.
1647:January 30,
1579:January 30,
1480:December 9,
1452:December 9,
531:to improve
503::
458:Kim Yong-il
434:light music
418:Kim Jong Il
371:Theme from
353:characters
320:Kim Jong Il
282:Spice Girls
223::
213::
135:Korean name
52:North Korea
1804:Categories
802:References
466:Choe Pu-il
446:Kim Ki-nam
425:Korean War
406:a rap song
363:Snow White
241:Tree Peony
141:Chosŏn'gŭl
1780:Baike.com
1771:WordPress
1747:1229-0076
1696:. Sino-NK
1176:April 18,
1148:April 15,
1109:April 15,
1020:April 15,
979:April 15,
974:143418729
892:April 18,
726:Reception
533:relations
506:가리라 백두산으로
414:Ri Sol-ju
275:symphonic
1622:July 31,
1500:BBC News
1352:July 30,
1323:July 30,
1229:. SinoNK
1072:July 30,
1046:July 15,
821:Daily NK
750:See also
704:In 2017
535:between
341:Concerts
102:–present
1795:Naenara
1700:June 2,
1674:June 1,
1600:NK News
1543:Reuters
1372:NK News
1347:Sino-NK
1288:June 2,
1254:YouTube
1233:June 2,
1170:Sino-NK
1067:Sino-NK
886:Sino-NK
827:July 9,
585:Members
529:Beijing
386:Czardas
369:, the "
288:History
257:, is a
234:
111:Members
96: (
1745:
1201:
1139:
1100:
1011:
972:
602:Member
567:Songun
501:Korean
398:Menuet
382:My Way
376:" and
355:Mickey
351:Disney
307:hallyu
271:fusion
269:, and
219:;
211:Korean
157:Hancha
70:fusion
58:Genres
48:Origin
970:S2CID
950:(PDF)
592:ranks
537:China
373:Rocky
332:Juche
216:모란봉악단
164:牡丹峰樂團
148:모란봉악단
1743:ISSN
1702:2013
1676:2013
1649:2018
1642:Time
1624:2023
1581:2018
1550:2015
1508:2015
1482:2015
1454:2015
1426:2015
1403:2015
1380:2015
1354:2015
1325:2015
1290:2013
1235:2013
1199:ISBN
1178:2015
1150:2015
1137:ISBN
1111:2015
1098:ISBN
1074:2015
1048:2013
1022:2015
1009:ISBN
981:2015
894:2015
829:2012
518:Cuba
396:", "
392:", "
388:", "
380:'s "
361:and
357:and
314:'s "
300:and
267:rock
247:Band
244:Peak
231:lit.
205:The
98:2012
94:2012
80:trot
75:rock
1793:at
1778:on
1769:at
1763:'s
1733:doi
1446:CNN
962:doi
711:현송월
509:).
499:" (
312:Psy
284:".
263:pop
1806::
1741:.
1729:20
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