26:
309:
271:
to the MS.121, with its mainwheels on half-axles mounted centrally on a fixed transverse V-strut from the lower fuselage and their outer ends supported by dural-faired legs with multiple rubber ring shock absorbers from the lower longerons. The track was 1.96 m (77 in). Both variants had
117:
explored the possibilities of light fighters, with lower power and light armament but with rapid climb and long endurance. They were also less costly to build. The Jockey programme, as it became known, began in France in 1926 and Morane-Saulnier responded with the 1927
148:
The MS.222 climbed faster than the MS.221 but was still slow at altitude, so a further aerodynamic clean-up in 1930 replaced the cross-axle undercarriage inherited from the MS.121 with a split-axle design, resulting in the MS.223 which first flew in April 1930.
133:
The precise date of the MS.221's first flight, flown by
Fronval, is not known but it was before March 1928. Despite being lighter and more powerful, it was significantly slower at altitude than its competitors, so one MS.221 prototype was re-engined with a
101:, built in 1928 to compete for a government contract in the "Jockey" (light fighter) programme. Two were built, one of which was progressively modified to increase its speed, but in 1930 the light fighter concept was abandoned.
122:. This proved to be underpowered and was superseded by the MS.221, which used the same basic airframe and armament with a 30% power increase, provided by a 450 kW (600 hp)
275:
In place of the cross-axle and its support, the MS.223 had simpler longitudinal V-struts, and each wheel had a vertical shock absorber leg to a reinforced forward wing strut.
682:
222:
and could be dropped in an emergency. Behind, the fuselage was of mixed construction; the forward main frames were metal but the structure further aft had wooden
218:
with piston heads exposed for cooling. The fighter's 265 L (58 imp gal; 70 US gal) fuel tank was separated from the engine by a
152:
By this time the failure of the "Jockey" programme was apparent and Morane-Saulnier turned their attention back to heavier, more traditional fighters.
25:
1777:
1787:
675:
651:
1772:
668:
490:
413:
267 km/h (166 mph, 144 kn) at 3,650 m (11,980 ft), 288 km/h (179 mph; 156 kn) at sea level
1729:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
264:
was quadrantal in profile and carried an unbalanced rudder that reached down to the keel, moving in a gap between the elevators.
211:
of two inverted V-struts, one to each spar. Two almost parallel struts braced the wing at about 55% span to the lower fuselage.
1782:
1709:
1627:
308:
1724:
1642:
1632:
1739:
1652:
1699:
1657:
184:
590:
535:
207:-increasing flaps for landing. The joint between the two panels was supported over the central fuselage on a
1750:
1745:
1714:
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1527:
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257:
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831:
1037:
841:
836:
801:
791:
756:
751:
1734:
1647:
204:
203:; as well as the normal, differential action for lateral control they could be operated together as
962:
816:
239:
165:
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1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
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1062:
1057:
1052:
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176:
135:
1719:
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1027:
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987:
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382:
261:
243:
219:
180:
138:
123:
215:
98:
42:
691:
254:
67:
453:
2×7.7 mm (0.303 in) Vickers or Darne machine guns, provided with 700 rounds.
1766:
513:
389:
200:
127:
568:
385:
268:
253:, mounted at mid-fuselage and swept in plan, was in-flight adjustable, with split,
208:
188:
141:
Jupiter which could deliver full power at 3,800 m (12,500 ft). The wing
214:
The
Jupiter engines used were similarly installed on all variants under a dished
392:, 450 kW (600 hp) with full boost at 3,800 m (12,500 ft)
623:
234:
shaping its fabric covered, polygonal section. The front of the single, open
250:
173:
660:
145:
were also revised to reduce drag. It was then re-designated as the MS.222.
223:
196:
235:
192:
161:
227:
110:
57:
307:
142:
249:
The tail surfaces had dural frames and were fabric covered. The
664:
312:
Morane-Saulnier MS.221 3-view drawing from L'Air April 1, 1928
238:
was under the trailing edge behind a pair of fuselage-mounted
168:
out to semi-circular tips and mounted with 7° of sweep but no
614:
Bruner, Georges (1977). "Fighters a la
Francaise, Part One".
293:
One MS.221 re-engined with supercharger and modified struts.
398:
2-bladed, 2.85 m (9 ft 4 in) diameter wooden
114:
260:
which were narrow and had constant chord. The fighter's
1735:
Rallye, Rallye Club, Super Rallye and Rallye
Commodore
375:
265 L (58 imp gal; 70 US gal)
1666:
915:
699:
646:] (in French). Outreau, France: Lela Presse.
485:. Godalming, UK: Salamander Books. p. 416.
272:steerable tailskids to assist ground handling.
299:MS.222 with cleaner, split-axle undercarriage.
676:
638:Lacaze, Henri & Lherbert, Claude (2013).
8:
644:Morane Saulnier: Their Aircraft and Projects
481:Green, William; Swanborough, Gordon (1994).
683:
669:
661:
419:1,125 km (699 mi, 607 nmi)
164:wing was in two parts, each with constant
562:
560:
558:
556:
554:
552:
476:
474:
472:
470:
468:
466:
640:Morane Saulnier: ses avions, ses projets
508:
506:
504:
502:
437:12 min to 7,000 m (23,000 ft)
319:Les Ailes, June 1929 except where noted.
584:
582:
529:
527:
462:
431:12,000 m (39,000 ft) absolute
15:
267:The MS.221 and 222 had similar fixed
7:
1700:Épervier, Épervier II and Super 1500
130:. Two MS.221 prototypes were built.
246:firing through the propeller disc.
345:9.80 m (32 ft 2 in)
339:6.50 m (21 ft 4 in)
14:
569:"Le "Jockey" Morane-saulnier 222"
351:2.98 m (9 ft 9 in)
589:Bruno Parmentier (5 June 1999).
534:Bruno Parmentier (5 June 1999).
24:
1778:Single-engined tractor aircraft
357:16 m (170 sq ft)
567:Frachet, André (6 June 1929).
1:
1788:1920s French fighter aircraft
483:The Complete Book of Fighters
369:1,255 kg (2,767 lb)
191:which was strengthened with
363:947 kg (2,088 lb)
1804:
520:(106): 73, 75. March 1928.
32:
23:
18:
1773:Morane-Saulnier aircraft
591:"Morane-Saulnier MS-222"
536:"Morane-Saulnier MS-223"
514:"Le Morane-Saulnier 221"
324:General characteristics
304:Specifications (MS.222)
109:In the late 1920s both
313:
126:Jupiter nine-cylinder
95:Morane-Saulnier MS.221
1783:Parasol-wing aircraft
1725:Paris and Super Paris
1689:Comté de Nice or Nice
311:
199:occupied the entire
172:. Each part had two
1667:Names and nicknames
700:Designation letters
916:Numerical sequence
872:AN/ANB/ANR/ANL/ANS
386:turbo-supercharged
314:
244:Darne machine guns
136:turbo-supercharged
41:Single seat light
1760:
1759:
653:978-2-914017-70-1
435:Time to altitude:
226:and frames, with
91:
90:
1795:
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497:
496:
478:
445:
429:Service ceiling:
406:
326:
99:fighter aircraft
84:
54:
46:Type of aircraft
43:fighter aircraft
28:
16:
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911:
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692:Morane-Saulnier
689:
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637:
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632:Further reading
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383:Gnome-Rhône 9As
322:
306:
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195:. Narrow-chord
187:apart from the
158:
139:Gnome-Rhône 9As
124:Gnome-Rhône 9Ae
107:
82:
68:Morane-Saulnier
53:National origin
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373:Fuel capacity:
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185:fabric covered
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492:1-85833-777-1
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128:radial engine
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97:was a French
96:
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74:First flight
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64:Manufacturer
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27:
22:
17:
1322:
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1312:
643:
639:
618:(3): 85–95.
615:
608:Bibliography
596:12 September
594:. Retrieved
572:
541:12 September
539:. Retrieved
517:
482:
450:
442:
440:
434:
428:
422:
416:
410:
403:
401:
395:
378:
372:
366:
360:
354:
348:
342:
336:
330:
323:
321:
316:
315:
274:
269:landing gear
266:
248:
213:
189:leading edge
159:
151:
147:
132:
108:
94:
92:
83:Number built
404:Performance
396:Propellers:
388:9-cylinder
379:Powerplant:
179:and wooden
105:Development
77:Early 1928
1767:Categories
1751:Versailles
1720:Monococque
458:References
423:Endurance:
355:Wing area:
287:Two built.
255:unbalanced
1753:(project)
1742:(project)
1740:Statodyne
1691:(project)
624:0143-5450
575:(416): 3.
573:Les Ailes
343:Wingspan:
317:Data from
258:elevators
251:tailplane
232:stringers
224:longerons
174:duralumin
694:aircraft
443:Armament
279:Variants
220:firewall
197:ailerons
183:and was
170:dihedral
113:and the
1746:Vanneau
1715:Lévrier
1710:Fleuret
1705:Fantôme
1695:Criquet
1658:MS.1500
1653:MS.1001
1278:MoS.149
1273:MoS.148
1268:MoS.147
1263:MoS.141
1258:MoS.140
1253:MoS.139
1248:MoS.138
1243:MoS.137
1238:MoS.136
1233:MoS.134
1228:MoS.133
1223:MoS.132
1218:MoS.131
1213:MoS.130
1208:MoS.129
1203:MoS.121
1198:MoS.120
349:Height:
337:Length:
240:Vickers
236:cockpit
228:formers
216:cowling
193:plywood
162:parasol
33:MS.222
19:MS.221
1730:Pétrel
1684:Bullet
1674:Alcyon
1648:MS.880
1643:MS.860
1638:MS.785
1633:MS.760
1628:MS.755
1623:MS.733
1618:MS.732
1613:MS.731
1608:MS.730
1603:MS.704
1598:MS.703
1593:MS.701
1588:MS.700
1583:MS.631
1578:MS.630
1573:MS.603
1568:MS.570
1563:MS.560
1558:MS.506
1553:MS.505
1548:MS.504
1543:MS.502
1538:MS.501
1533:MS.500
1528:MS.479
1523:MS.477
1518:MS.476
1513:MS.475
1508:MS.470
1503:MS.474
1498:MS.472
1493:MS.470
1488:MS.450
1483:MS.435
1478:MS.433
1473:MS.430
1468:MS.411
1463:MS.410
1458:MS.408
1453:MS.406
1448:MS.405
1443:MS.350
1438:MS.345
1433:MS.343
1428:MS.342
1423:MS.341
1418:MS.340
1413:MS.325
1408:MS.317
1403:MS.316
1398:MS.315
1393:MS.302
1388:MS.301
1383:MS.300
1378:MS.278
1373:MS.275
1368:MS.260
1363:MS.251
1358:MS.250
1353:MS.230
1348:MS.229
1343:MS.227
1338:MS.226
1333:MS.225
1328:MS.224
1323:MS.223
1318:MS.222
1313:MS.221
1308:MS.200
1303:MS.185
1298:MS.181
1293:MS.180
1288:MS.160
1283:MS.152
1193:MoS.60
1188:MoS.56
1183:MoS.53
1178:MoS.52
1173:MoS.51
1168:MoS.50
1163:MoS.49
1158:MoS.48
1153:MoS.47
1148:MoS.46
1143:MoS.45
1138:MoS.44
1133:MoS.43
1128:MoS.42
1123:MoS.41
1118:MoS.40
1113:MoS.39
1108:MoS.38
1103:MoS.37
1098:MoS.36
1093:MoS.35
1088:MoS.34
1083:MoS.33
1078:MoS.32
1073:MoS.31
1068:MoS.30
1063:MoS.29
1058:MoS.28
1053:MoS.27
1048:MoS.26
1043:MoS.25
1038:MoS.24
1033:MoS.23
1028:MoS.22
1023:MoS.21
1018:MoS.20
1013:MoS.19
1008:MoS.18
1003:MoS.17
998:MoS.16
993:MoS.15
988:MoS.14
983:MoS.13
978:MoS.12
973:MoS.11
968:MoS.10
650:
622:
489:
417:Range:
390:radial
296:MS.223
290:MS.222
284:MS.221
209:cabane
205:camber
156:Design
143:struts
120:MS.121
111:France
58:France
1679:Borel
963:MoS.9
958:MoS.8
953:MoS.7
948:MoS.6
943:MoS.5
938:MoS.4
933:MoS.3
928:MoS.2
923:MoS.1
642:[
451:Guns:
331:Crew:
177:spars
166:chord
38:Role
648:ISBN
620:ISSN
598:2017
543:2017
487:ISBN
425:5 hr
381:1 ×
230:and
181:ribs
160:The
93:The
862:AFH
817:TRK
333:One
262:fin
242:or
1769::
907:BH
902:BB
897:AV
892:AU
887:AT
882:AS
877:AR
867:AI
857:AF
852:AE
847:AC
832:WR
787:Nm
772:LH
767:LA
737:GB
732:GA
581:^
571:.
551:^
526:^
516:.
501:^
465:^
115:UK
87:2
842:Y
837:X
827:V
822:U
812:T
807:S
802:Q
797:P
792:O
782:N
777:M
762:L
757:K
752:J
747:I
742:H
727:G
722:F
717:C
712:B
707:A
684:e
677:t
670:v
656:.
626:.
600:.
545:.
495:.
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