Knowledge (XXG)

Moriz Scheyer

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1151:'Yesterday ... it seems so many years since there still was a yesterday. It has become something so distant, so improbable, that – even if you have actually experienced it – you think of this yesterday as of a lost dream. ... It is spring now; then it will be summer, autumn, winter; and then spring again. But all of that seems distant and devoid of light; none of it has the capacity to touch you any more. The time of expectations is past. Beyond the realm of hope, of fulfilment, of beauty and excitement, we watch unmoved as a present which is at once harsh and ghostly passes us by – a present which is nothing but discontented noise and emptiness ... between yesterday and today everyone has become a stranger to himself: more troublesome than even a dead man for the living ...', 311:
life; Mr Dronnink, a Dutch musical genius ruined by a woman and by drink, ‘burnt out’ and reduced to playing the piano on cruise ships; and Gly Cangalho, a morphine-addicted ‘Creole’ character who spends her life travelling on cruises, known to all the captains. There are also parodic Englishmen – themselves exotic in their ability to be at home everywhere and lack any emotional response to the exotic around them. Vivid pictures are painted of the experience of a tropical night on the ship; of storms, of cockfights, of the ‘coffee coast’; Scheyer creates an eerie, exotic world, both through his character portraits and through his evocation of atmosphere and place.
343:, is utterly different from his previous writing in genre and purpose. As he claims at the outset, 'it has nothing to do with literature'; a work raw with emotion, it is concerned to recount the lived experience of the persecution, the 'mental misery' and 'broken souls' suffered by Jewish people under the Hitler regime. Nonetheless, it brings the same critical and evocative skills that Scheyer used in his professional life to bear upon these traumatic experiences. One may also – with terrible irony – draw a connection between Scheyer's earlier literary work and that lived reality. In the book published just before his exile, 347:, he suggests that men fulfil their destiny or achieve greatness through suffering (examples are Tolstoy, Verlaine, Wilde), while Scheyer's own later experience of persecution led to the writing of what is undoubtedly his most significant work. Moroeover, his interest in women in history who sacrifice themselves for the men in their lives (Lady Hamilton, Anna Grigoryevna Dostoyevskaya, Sofia Andreevna Tolstaya) finds a real-life echo in the immense debt that he owed to his wife Margarethe and companion Sláva, as well as to the self-sacrifice of the sisters of the Convent at Labarde – which he describes in moving detail. 286:– pieces inspired by a particular event, e.g. a book publication or exhibition, but going beyond mere review in their personal reflection or historical analysis. His first three published books are travel writings; the remaining three published in his lifetime are collections of feuilletons, previously published in the NWT. His autobiographical 'survivor's account', Asylum, was discovered by his step grandson P. N. Singer many years after his death, and first published in English translation in 2016. 428:(original German title 'Ein Überlebender'), thought to have been destroyed, was discovered fortuitously by the sons of Scheyer's stepson Konrad Singer in the process of the latter's house move in the 2000s. The text was translated, and published with notes and epilogue based on his further research, by P. N. Singer, Scheyer's step-grandson, in January 2016. It is published in the UK by Profile Books, with a US edition (Little, Brown), as well as German, French, Italian and Spanish editions. 331:– are essentially collections of feuilletons; they focus especially on the lives and works of great men or women, especially great artists, of the past, from Balzac to Verlaine, from Mata Hari to Wilde. Although mainly focussed on historical figures and their artistic work, these essays share with the previous writings the atmosphere of nostalgia and the concern with vivid evocation of personality and place. 79: 261:, as well as any possibility of further employment in Austria. He escaped via Switzerland to Paris, accompanied by his wife and their long-term housekeeper and companion, Sláva Kolářová. This experience, as well as that of life in Paris both immediately before and after German occupation, the flight south in the 'Exodus', a period of incarceration in the French camp of 25: 412:. Nowhere is his nostalgia more real than in the evocation of the vanished faces of Mahler – 'the noble, illuminated face – the devotee at the altar of genius' – and of a previous generation of performers at the Vienna Opera. Music has the capacity to take him back, but also to take him outside normal reality. 359:, Roth and Schnitzler. His own literary work, both in its emotive, evocative style and in its characteristic preoccupations, belongs distinctively within the Viennese literary milieu of the early twentieth century, and in particular shares much with his better-known friend and almost exact contemporary, 415:
Music also recurs (in a way which can again be paralleled in Zweig) as a metaphor in his writing: the sound of Nazi boots provides ‘the new theme tune of Parisian life’; and in the camp at Beaune there is the ‘nightly symphony of misery and sorrow, with the rustling of straw running through it like a
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Scheyer, explicitly responding to Schnitzler, writes of Vienna as 'The reflection of a city that has since lost its own I'. Schnitzler’s Vienna – that world of tradition and culture, of clear social orders and customs, of elegant love-affairs – is gone; it is a ‘disappearing dream, the resonance of a
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seems more in the style of a novella), they consist of vivid depictions or vignettes, and are preoccupied with the 'exotic', in terms of both place and character. Examples are Saadi ibn Tarbush, a young Egyptian boy who acts as Scheyer’s guide in Cairo, but is seduced by the glamour of the European’s
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Scheyer remained in France (through the generosity of the Rispals) for the rest of his life, without returning to Austria. He had suffered from a chronic heart condition even before the traumatic experiences of 1938–44, and died in 1949. It seems that he made some effort to have his autobiographical
810:, p. 288: 'They have disappeared without trace ... those ... bright Palaces of the Grail that were pointed out to us by cunning deceivers on the Horizon of Peace ... Dynasties were overthrown; oppressors put aside; but in their place came a thousand other dynasties, a thousand other oppressors ...' 398:
The fascination with the 'great man' (and sometimes woman) of history is another preoccupation central to Scheyer's work, again one shared with Zweig. Zweig's most substantial published books are studies of historical figures: of Balzac, Dickens and Dostoevsky; of Casanova, Stendhal and Tolstoy; of
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Already in his first published book, Scheyer writes ‘... I have sought, again and again, to take refuge from the desolate reality of the last years in the only truth that still makes existence tolerable, opening wounds but at the same time healing them: memory.’ Nostalgia is the explicit theme of
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Music plays a pivotal role in Scheyer's world-view, in a way which is impossible to understand outside the culture of early-twentieth-century Vienna. Practitioners of classical music – especially the opera – enjoyed enormous popular and intellectual esteem; the composer and conductor were godlike
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In October 1927 he married Margarethe Schwarzwald (née Singer), the daughter of a successful Czech-Jewish industrialist and widow of Dr Bernhard Schwarzwald, and through the marriage acquired two adoptive sons, Stefan and Konrad (after emigration to UK: Stephen Sherwood and Konrad Singer).
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Until the posthumous discovery and publication of the autobiographical work Asylum, Moriz Scheyer's main literary output consisted of travel writing, book and theatre reviews (in particular for the Josefstädter Theatre) and, especially, essays in the distinctively European genre of the
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by Scheyer – probably directly inspired by the previous Zweig publication. Scheyer's last two books consist largely of essays dramatizing the life-stories of such 'greats'; to the above names are added amongst others those of Baudelaire, Victor Hugo, Rembrandt, Verlaine and Wilde.
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figures, their realm of endeavour lifting them far above normal mortals. Scheyer, though not himself a music critic, had a pass to attend dress rehearsals at the Opera; and his rediscovery of music while in hiding, via the radio, is one of the most vivid emotional experiences in
265:, life in the 'free zone', a series of extraordinarily narrow escapes from deportation to a death camp, and a final rescue by the Rispals, a family involved in the Resistance, followed by life in hiding in a Franciscan Convent in the Dordogne, are recounted in vivid detail in 776:, 17 November 1914: 'Under the pale first snow / Many a sorrow lies buried. // The late moon, indifferent and cold, / Shines down like a funeral torch. // The night utters prayers for the dead. / In the east there glimmers a distant light.' 182:), where he excelled in humanities and languages, Scheyer studied at the University of Vienna, from which he graduated with a law degree in 1911. He began his career as a writer with short pieces for newspapers, joining the staff of the 366:
A preoccupation with a vanishing, irrecoverable world runs through the work of many of the best-known writers of Vienna in the early twentieth century, e.g. Joseph Roth, Arthur Schnitzler, and especially Zweig. In the short story
234:. He was in charge of the review section (‘Theater und Kunst’) and thus held a position of significant cultural influence. Acquainted with many of Vienna's prominent literary and musical figures, such as 930:
Gabriel Rispal (1875–1970), Hélène Rispal (1903–79) and Jacques Rispal (1923–86), who became a successful stage and film actor. On the Rispal family and Resistance in Belvès, see Georges Rebière,
363:(1881–1942). Three tendencies, especially, seem to link Scheyer's writing both with that milieu and with Zweig in particular: nostalgia, an obsession with 'great men', and a reverence for music. 391:. Both quotations belong to specific historical contexts, the former looking back over the War years, the latter over those of the Depression. With still greater poignancy, Scheyer in 1209:
Again, Zweig exemplifies this most strongly: he was an avid collector of autograph manuscripts of the great composers, and kept a piano that had belonged to Beethoven in his study
154:, a vivid account of his experiences as a Jewish refugee in France during the Second World War, first discovered and published more than sixty-five years after his death. 1331: 1282: 170:
on 27 December 1886, the son of Wilhelm Scheyer, a businessman, and Josefine (née Krasnopolsky). By the time of his secondary education the family had moved to
201:; a chronic health condition may in any case have exempted him from active service. He also wrote bitterly of the devastating aftermath of the conflict, the 789:(n. 1 above) describes Scheyer as 'unfit for military service' ('kriegsdienstuntauglich') and as a committed opponent of the War ('überzeugter Kriegsgegner'). 257:
With the advent of the National Socialist regime in Austria in March 1938 (the Anschluss), Scheyer, at the height of his career, lost his position on the
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He travelled extensively – making a sea voyage via Egypt to South America before 1919 – and these travels inspired much of his early writing.
859:, 25 April 1919, written from Lugano, with the byline 'von unserem Schweizer Sonderberichterstatter' ('by our special Swiss reporter'). 89: 700:
His childhood and school career are recalled in 'Encounter with my Own Youth' ('Begegnung mit der eigenen Jugend'), in Moriz Scheyer,
522: 114: 1306: 1326: 219:, and continued to visit regularly after his return to Vienna. He also seems to have spent some time as a correspondent in 431:
P. N. Singer wrote an interesting account of the rediscovery of the manuscript and its peculiar time capsule quality
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Reviews and feuilletons in "Neues Wiener Tagblatt", various dates 1919–1937; archive in Austrian State Library, cf.
1011:: 'Sophia Andrejewna', pp. 137-50; Escape to Yesterday: 'Anna Grigorjewna', pp. 74-83, 'Die Hamilton', pp. 200-11. 1321: 375:, the result of the chess game is symbolic of the defeat of the old, gentlemanly order; and his last work, 273:
work published, but ultimately despaired of finding anyone interested in what had happened 'only' to Jews.
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talks of the lost innocence of the world of 1944, and of the past as seeming more real than the present.
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are inspired by his travels, especially in the near East and in South America. Largely factual (although
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memory. Perhaps it will soon be no more than a barren word, an abstract concept without reference.’
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Scheyer's reviews and essays show a strong engagement with contemporary Viennese writers, such as
35: 262: 235: 150:
author. In his lifetime best known for his literary essays and reviews, he is the author of
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Rowohlt, Reinbek 2017), English transl. with epilogue by P. N. Singer, Profile Books, 2016
198: 194: 1295: 54: 360: 356: 247: 243: 999:: 'Verlaine', pp. 90-100; 'Leo Tolstoi', pp. 101-13 and 'Oscar Wilde', pp. 114-22. 371:, Zweig laments the passing of the old-world literary café society of Vienna; in 909:, pp. 107; 260-2; 285-6. Zweig mentions Scheyer in letters to the French author 239: 220: 680: 509:
Selbst das Heimweh war heimatlos: Bericht eines jüdischen Emigranten, 1938–1945
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A committed 'good European' and devotee of the internationalist and pacifist
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Romain Rolland. Each of the above individuals was also the subject of a
175: 921:, p. 205, lists Scheyer amongst friends visiting the author at Salzburg. 872:
was amalgamated with other titles; it appeared for the last time in 1945
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Degree certificate 'Doctor Juris', University of Vienna, November 1911.
167: 147: 135: 564: 171: 143: 1082:, trans. Anthea Bell, Eden Paul and Cedar Paul, Pushkin Press, 2009. 772:
Poem by Scheyer, 'Lonely Battlefield' ('Einsames Schlachtfeld'), in
1061:, 1938), trans. John Hoare, Hogarth, 1984; for Scheyer on Roth see 212: 88:
may be in need of reorganization to comply with Knowledge (XXG)'s
625:, transl. Anthea Bell, Eden Paul, Cedar Paul, Pushkin Press, 2009 250:, with whom his work has some strong affinities (see 2.4 below). 339:
Scheyer's account of persecution by and rescue from the Nazis,
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in the period before 1924, as a cultural correspondent for the
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A lover of French culture and literature, Scheyer had lived in
917:, Leipziger Universitätsverlag, 2001, pp. 114, 124; F. Zweig, 614:, 1928), transl. Eden Paul, Cedar Paul. Plunkett Lake Pr, 2011 379:, nostalgically recalls the world of his parents' generation. 72: 18: 603:, 1921), transl. Eden Paul, Cedar Paul. Allen and Unwin, 1921 1053:, 1932), trans. Michael Hofmann, Granta Publications, 2002; 636:, 1930), transl. Eden and Cedar Paul, Plunkett Lake Pr, 2012 691:
Moriz Scheyer, Asylum, Profile Books, 2016, vii-viii; 274-7
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P. N. Singer, 'Moriz Scheyer: Writer', in Moriz Scheyer,
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P. N. Singer, 'Moriz Scheyer: Writer', in Moriz Scheyer,
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The manuscript of Scheyer's dramatic survivor's account,
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Casanova, Stendhal, Tolstoy: Adepts in Self-Portraiture
679:, vol. 10, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1991, p. 102, 608:
Casanova, Stendhal, Tolstoy: Adepts in Self-Portraiture
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Drei Dichter ihres Lebens. Casanova, Stendhal, Tolstoi
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After 1938, and its ‘Aryanization’ by the Nazis, the
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Aimez-vous cueillir les noisettes: message personnel
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Aimez-vous cueillir les noisettes? Message personnel
538:, ed. C. Delphis, Leipziger Universitätsverlag, 2001 806:, Georg Müller, Berlin 1927), pp. 10-11, quoted in 581:P. N. Singer: 'Moriz Scheyer: Writer', in Scheyer, 550:
De la DST à Fresnes, ou trente et un mois de prison
319:Scheyer's remaining books of the 1920s and 1930s – 197:, he expressed his horror at the atrocities of the 190:; one of Vienna's two 'quality' dailies) in 1914. 1098:, 1943), trans. Anthea Bell, Penguin Books, 2006. 787:Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 677:Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 658:, 1943), transl. Anthea Bell, Pushkin Press, 2011 647:, 1943), transl. Anthea Bell, Penguin Books, 2006 226:From 1924, in Vienna, until his dismissal at the 1114:, 1943), trans. Anthea Bell, Pushkin Press, 2011 915:Correspondance: l'anthologie publiée de Leipzig 536:Correspondance: l'anthologie publiée de Leipzig 592:, English ed., Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1946 99:to make improvements to the overall structure. 708:, Herbert Reichner Verlag, 1938), pp. 153-65. 174:, where they lived in the pleasant suburb of 8: 681:http://www.biographien.ac.at/oebl?frames=yes 420:Discovery and publication of posthumous work 1196:P. N. Singer, 'Moriz Scheyer: Writer', in 1185:Three Masters: Balzac, Dickens, Dostoevsky 634:Drei Meister. Balzac, Dickens, Dostojewski 630:Three Masters: Balzac, Dickens, Dostoevsky 578:, 1938), transl. John Hoare, Hogarth, 1984 115:Learn how and when to remove this message 499:Erdentage des Genies. Ausgewählte Essais 459:Tralosmontes: von Fernen und Schicksalen 1287:Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 881:Moriz Scheyer, 'Arthur Schnitzler', in 668: 1332:Romanian emigrants to Austria-Hungary 601:Romain Rolland. Der Mann und das Werk 7: 1177:Romain Rolland: The Man and his Work 597:Romain Rolland: The Man and his Work 433:in the online magazine Literary Hub 675:'Scheyer, Moriz', by M. Grill, in 563:, 1932), transl. Michael Hofmann, 14: 1009:Human Beings Fulfil Their Destiny 523:Anno (Austrian Newspapers Online) 485:Human Beings Fulfil Their Destiny 325:Human Beings Fulfil Their Destiny 230:, Scheyer was arts editor of the 501:, Herbert Reichner, Vienna 1938) 77: 23: 489:Menschen erfüllen ihr Schicksal 950:, pp. vii-viii; 2; 244; 274-7. 834:, Georg Müller, Munich, 1926). 315:Literary and historical essays 246:, he was a personal friend of 1: 997:Genius and its Life on Earth 826:, Amalthea-Verlag, 1921 and 718:Genius and Its Life on Earth 702:Genius and Its Life on Earth 495:Genius and its Life on Earth 481:, Georg Müller, Munich 1927) 471:, Georg Müller, Munich 1926) 345:Genius and its Life on Earth 329:Genius and its Life on Earth 913:in 1922 and 1923: Duhamel, 828:Cry from the Tropical Night 552:, Écomusée de Fresnes, 1990 465:Cry from the Tropical Night 304:Cry from the Tropical Night 1348: 832:Schrei aus der Tropennacht 469:Schrei aus der Tropennacht 416:pedal note on the organ.’ 162:Moriz Scheyer was born in 1078:,1929, English trans. in 934:, PLB éditions, 2012 and 759:, Strache, 1919), p. 12; 351:Style and literary milieu 491:, Krystall, Vienna 1931) 763:, pp. 279-80; 285; 288. 621:, 1929, English ed. in 461:, Amalthea, Zurich 1921 455:, Strache, Vienna 1919) 387:Scheyer's 1927 volume, 38:, as no other articles 1269:, pp. vii-viii; 274-7. 1108:The World of Yesterday 652:The World of Yesterday 377:The World of Yesterday 294:Scheyer's early books 178:. After high school ( 1327:Austrian male writers 1140:Europeans and Exotics 857:Neues Wiener Tagblatt 820:Europeans and Exotics 753:Europeans and Exotics 449:Europeans and Exotics 296:Europeans and Exotics 232:Neues Wiener Tagblatt 184:Neues Wiener Tagblatt 130:(27 December 1886 in 1126:, p. 176, quoted in 1112:Die Welt von Gestern 706:Erdentage des Genies 656:Die Welt von Gestern 545:, PLB éditions, 2012 1307:People from Focșani 1153:Escape to Yesterday 1124:Escape to Yesterday 883:Escape to Yesterday 800:Escape to Yesterday 757:Europäer und Exoten 475:Escape to Yesterday 453:Europäer und Exoten 389:Escape to Yesterday 321:Escape to Yesterday 138:– 29 March 1949 in 97:editing the article 1059:Die Kapuzinergruft 1055:The Emperor's Tomb 1047:The Radetzky March 804:Flucht ins Gestern 576:Die Kapuzinergruft 572:The Emperor's Tomb 557:The Radetzky March 479:Flucht ins Gestern 57:for suggestions. 47:to this page from 1167:, pp. 208-9, 216. 588:Friderike Zweig: 585:, pp. 282–92 541:Georges 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Grill in 781: 773: 768: 760: 756: 752: 747: 739: 734: 725: 720:, pp. 157-8. 717: 713: 705: 701: 696: 687: 676: 671: 655: 651: 644: 640: 633: 629: 622: 618: 611: 607: 600: 596: 590:Stefan Zweig 589: 582: 575: 571: 560: 556: 549: 542: 535: 508: 504: 498: 494: 488: 484: 478: 474: 468: 464: 458: 452: 448: 438:Bibliography 430: 425: 423: 414: 409: 406: 400: 397: 392: 388: 385: 381: 376: 372: 368: 365: 361:Stefan Zweig 357:Hofmannsthal 354: 344: 340: 338: 328: 324: 320: 318: 308:Tralosmontes 307: 303: 300:Tralosmontes 299: 295: 293: 283: 280: 271: 266: 258: 256: 252: 248:Stefan Zweig 244:Bruno Walter 231: 225: 216: 210: 207: 192: 187: 183: 179: 161: 151: 127: 126: 111: 105:January 2016 102: 87: 59: 33: 1312:1949 deaths 1302:1886 births 1155:, pp. 9-11. 963:, pp. 282-4 885:, pp. 170-6 240:Joseph Roth 221:Switzerland 1296:Categories 1076:Buchmendel 987:, pp. 2-3. 663:References 619:Buchmendel 516:Journalism 401:feuilleton 369:Buchmendel 284:feuilleton 62:April 2016 53:; try the 40:link to it 1130:, p. 286. 1065:, p. 286. 228:Anschluss 180:Gymnasium 158:Biography 146:) was an 43:. Please 1257:, p. 95. 1183:, 1928; 1179:, 1921; 897:, p. 286 176:Hietzing 148:Austrian 1283:Scheyer 1245:, p. 58 1187:, 1930. 1142:, p. 5. 975:, p. 1. 846:, p. 12 742:, p. 12 168:Romania 164:Focșani 136:Romania 132:Focșani 1267:Asylum 1255:Asylum 1243:Asylum 1231:Asylum 1219:Asylum 1198:Asylum 1165:Asylum 1128:Asylum 1063:Asylum 1034:Asylum 1021:Asylum 985:Asylum 973:Asylum 961:Asylum 948:Asylum 936:Asylum 907:Asylum 895:Asylum 844:Asylum 808:Asylum 761:Asylum 740:Asylum 583:Asylum 567:, 2002 565:Granta 505:Asylum 426:Asylum 410:Asylum 393:Asylum 341:Asylum 335:Asylum 267:Asylum 172:Vienna 152:Asylum 144:France 140:Belvès 36:orphan 34:is an 1092:Chess 641:Chess 443:Books 373:Chess 213:Paris 327:and 302:and 277:Work 242:and 1285:at 870:NWT 259:NWT 217:NWT 188:NWT 166:in 1298:: 822:, 323:, 298:, 269:. 238:, 223:. 142:, 134:, 1110:( 1094:( 1057:( 1049:( 830:( 802:( 755:( 704:( 654:( 643:( 632:( 610:( 599:( 574:( 559:( 507:( 497:( 487:( 477:( 467:( 451:( 186:( 118:) 112:( 107:) 103:( 93:. 64:) 60:(

Index


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Focșani
Romania
Belvès
France
Austrian
Focșani
Romania
Vienna
Hietzing
Romain Rolland
First World War
Great Depression
Paris
Switzerland
Anschluss
Arthur Schnitzler
Joseph Roth
Bruno Walter
Stefan Zweig
Beaune-la-Rolande
Hofmannsthal

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