Motion of no confidence - Knowledge (XXG)

945:, appoint prime miniter and on his recommodation other members of the government (prime minister have to submit resignation of the government at first sitting of new Sejm). 14 days after being appointed by president government must present their programme to the Sejm and ask for a motion requiring a vote of confidence. Motion is passed if more present Sejm deputies votes for government than against it. At least half of all Deputies have to be present. If government fails to pass vote of confidence (or if president failed to appoint government in time) then President of Sejm nominate prime minister and government which has to also pass vote of confidence. If vote of confidence passed then president of the republic has to formally appoint this government. Otherwise president again may nominate members of the government as in first instance. If even this time government fails to pass vote of confidence, then President of the Republic has to call new parliamentary election. 1010: 347:. Motion of confidence is passed if more deputies votes for government that against her. Otherwise government have to resign and president can appoint new government. If also this government fails to gain confidence of then President of the republic have to appoint prime minister proposed by President of the Chamber of Deputies. If also this time government fails to gain confidence of the Chamber then president of the republic may choose if he again appoints prime minister of his choice (government still need to pass motion of confidence), or if he orders dissolution of the Chamber of Deputies and sets new elections. 1322:. The rump PAP won the election with a two-thirds majority therefore staving off any further attempts by the Barisan Sosialis to move further motions of no confidence. Following merger and separation (1963–1965), and with Barisan's boycott of Parliament, the PAP was the dominant party in Parliament and motions of no confidence became "rare", in fact "non-existent". Further, Lee Kuan Yew's 1961 motion of confidence remains the only time that a Singaporean prime minister has ever tabled a motion of confidence in his own government. 281:. The governor-general may refuse a request for dissolution if an election has recently been held or there is another leader who can likely gain the confidence of the House. If a dissolution request is refused, the prime minister must resign, and the governor-general invites the leader of another coalition/party to form a new government. Six motions of no confidence have been passed in the House of Commons: in 1926, 1963, 1974, 1979, 2005, and 2011. All successful votes of no confidence in the 20th century were the result of a 1686:

change to the party alignments in the House of Representatives; and the House of Representatives as a body is unaffected, so there are no new elections immediately after a successful motion to vacate. Thus, the most meaningful consequence of a Speaker's removal that could be compared to a Westminster no confidence vote is the possibility of a change in legislative priorities, these being largely set by the Speaker in the U.S. House, as opposed to by a Prime Minister in the Westminster system.

426:. Frequently, chancellors were then turned out of the office without their successors having enough parliamentary support to govern. Unlike the British system, chancellors do not have to resign in response to the failure of a vote of confidence if it has been initiated by them, rather than by the parliamentary opposition, but they may ask the president to call general elections, a request that the president decides on whether to fulfil. 952:

Sejm has with majority of all its Deputies vote for new prime minister (President of the Republic then have to appoint new prime minister). Vote of no confidence against sitting government can be called only if it is requested by at least 46 Deputies. New motion of vote of confidence cannot be called sooner that 3 months after previous vote of no confidence was called. Exception applies for motion requested by at least 115 Deputies.

528:(one each). Prime Minister Vajpayee lost the no-confidence motion by a margin of one vote (269–270) in April 1999. Prime Minister Desai resigned on 12 July 1979 after being defeated in a vote of no-confidence, V. P. Singh and H. D. Deve Gowda were also removed in no-confidence motion. The two most recent no-confidence motion were against the Narendra Modi government, in 2018 and in 2023, both of which were failed in the Lok Sabha. 642:, Parliament has not passed any no confidence motion against the whole cabinet, as government crises often ended with prime ministers resigning after becoming aware the majority of parliament did not support them anymore, before a no confidence motion could be put to vote or even before such a motion was presented. The only time this instrument was used was in October 1995, when the minister of justice 134:, there are limits to how often a confidence vote may be held, such as being allowed only once every three or six months. Thus, the timing of a motion of no confidence is a matter of political judgment. A motion of no confidence on a relatively trivial matter may then prove counterproductive if an issue suddenly arises that is seen to be a more credible justification for a motion of no confidence. 1599:, who may choose to dismiss the cabinet, which he can do anyway anytime at his own discretion, or just ignore the Duma's decision. If the Duma passes a second motion of no confidence against the same composition of the cabinet within three months, the president is forced to make a concrete decision on whether to dismiss the government or to dissolve the Duma itself and call for new 976:, must add such a motion to the order paper and give it a priority. If a motion of no confidence cannot be scheduled by the last sitting day of the annual sitting, it must be the first item on the order paper of the next sitting. In the event of a successful motion, the Speaker automatically assumes the position of acting president. 819:. Before it can be put for a vote on the pertinent house's floor, it must have the backing of at least 20% of the elected members in all cases except those moved against speakers or deputy speakers in which case there is no minimum. After being put to vote, the motion is deemed to be successful only if passed by a majority. 270:. The government may also declare any bill or motion to be a question of confidence. Although the failure to pass those bills and motions can serve as an implicit expression of a vote of no confidence, the opposition is not required to formally present this failure as a motion of no-confidence against the government. 103:, what constitutes a no-confidence vote sufficient to force the resignation of high officeholders may not be clear. Even if the government is not constitutionally bound to resign after losing a given vote, such a result may be an ominous sign for the government and prompt its resignation or the calling of 1044:

and calling a general election while a motion of no confidence is pending. If the motion is successful, the incumbent prime minister must resign. According to the Constitution, the replacement candidate named in the motion is automatically deemed to have the confidence of the Congress of Deputies and

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Government as whole but also individual ministers (for their ministry) are responsible to the Sejm. Sejm can by constructive vote of no confidence replace prime minister (and his government) with other person included in the vote. In order for motion of no confidence to pass and remove government the

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Government can at any time ask Chamber of Deputies for vote of confidence. Government can also connect voting on government-sponsored bill with request for vote of confidence. If bill fails to pass in Chamber of Deputies it is the same as a lost vote of confidence. In this case Chamber has to vote on

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In the House of Commons, a member of parliament may introduce a motion that explicitly states the House has no confidence in the incumbent government. In addition to explicit motions of no confidence, several other motions and bills are also considered implicit motions of confidence, and a vote of no

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is sufficient to allow a majority party to defeat a motion of no confidence, and if faced with possible defections in the government party, the government is likely to change its policies, rather than lose a vote of no confidence. The cases in which a motion of no confidence has passed are generally

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The consequences of the Speaker being removed are generally not comparable to the effect of a motion of non-confidence in Westminster parliamentary systems. The President, as the head of government, is not affected; there are no changes to the Cabinet or individual executive positions; there is no

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restricted again the conditions of the motion by counting only the votes in favor of the deposition of the government, one tenth of the Assembly's membership (58 deputies) being now needed to issue such motion according to Article 49 of the constitution. Article 27 allows lawmakers to delegate their

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or against an individual lower-level minister. At least 35 members of parliament (MPs) must support a proposal to initiate such a vote. A majority of MPs (175 members) must vote for a motion of no confidence for it to be successful. An individual minister who loses a confidence vote must resign. If

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may grant a leave and after considering the state of business in the House, allot a day or days or part of a day for the discussion of the motion (under sub-rule (2) and (3) of rule 198 of Lok Sabha Rules, 16th edition). If the motion carries, the House debates and votes on the motion. If a majority

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system in which the premier is chosen by the members of the nonpartisan legislature. If a vote of no confidence against the incumbent government passes, the premier and the cabinet are removed from office, and the legislature elects a new premier. In a consensus government, confidence motions may be

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Sometimes, the government chooses to declare that one of its bills is a "vote of confidence" to prevent dissident members of its own party from voting against it. However, this is a political risk, especially when the Prime Minister's majority is not assured, such as if the ruling party/coalition is

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after an election was held on 9 September. The center-left bloc led by Löfven's Social Democratic Party won only 144 seats in parliament, 31 seats short of an absolute majority, and just one seat more than the opposition Alliance for Sweden bloc. The Sweden Democrats, having just won 62 seats, also

1603:. The State Duma may not be dissolved on those grounds if it was elected less than a year earlier, if it has already initiated impeachment proceedings against the president himself by bringing respective accusations, if less than six months remain left until presidential elections, or if there is a 1037:. For a motion of no confidence to be successful, it has to be carried by an absolute majority in the Congress of Deputies. At least five days must pass after the motion is registered before it can come up for a vote. Other parties may submit alternative motions within two days of the registration. 955:

The Sejm may also pass a vote of no confidence in an individual minister. This motion can be called if at least 69 Deputies requested it. Same voting procedure as for vote of no confidence of whole government apply. The President of the Republic have to recall a minister who failed to pass vote of

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The Parliament may, by its decision, withdraw its confidence from the Government or from a member of it. A motion of no confidence can only be submitted six months after the Parliament has rejected a previous one. The motion must be signed by at least one-sixth of the members and must clearly state

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proposal with a two-third majority, then the other house has to follow suit in a 15-day period, then two third of the members of the High Court have to vote in favor of the president's impeachment during a one-month period where the Court must decide. The president can still pursue the exercise of

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states that "A Minister shall not remain in office after the Folketing has passed a vote of no confidence in him" and that "When the Folketing passes a vote of no confidence in the Prime Minister, he shall ask for the dismissal of the Ministry unless writs are to be issued for a general election."

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Lee Siew Choh tabled another motion of no confidence against Lee Kuan Yew's government on 15 June 1963 over issues regarding the proposed merger of Singapore into the Federation of Malaysia. Five members were absent from the Assembly and 1 seat was vacant bringing the total membership down to 45

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and a motion or amendment censuring a government have never been successful in the House of Representatives. However, governments have on eight occasions resigned or advised a dissolution after their defeat on other questions before the House. The last time that a government resigned after being

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Under the principle of negative parliamentarism, a prime ministerial candidate nominated by the Speaker does not need the confidence of a majority of MPs to be elected. However, a majority of MPs must not vote against the candidate, which renders prime ministerial votes similar to no-confidence

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ruled that the dismissal of the no-confidence motion, the prorogation of the National Assembly, advice of Khan to president Arif Alvi to dissolve the National Assembly and subsequent dissolution of the National Assembly were unconstitutional, and overturned these actions. On 10 April 2022, the

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It is not necessarily the case that a vote with the effect of a motion of no confidence be introduced as such. As stated above, certain pieces of legislation may be treated as confidence issues. In some cases, the motion may be an ordinary legislative or procedural matter of little substantive

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In Peru, both the legislative and the executive branches have the power to bring a motion of no confidence against acting legal members of the other branch. The president of the Cabinet may propose a motion of no confidence against any minister to Congress, which then needs more than half the

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In the particular case of a motion of no-confidence tabled in response to the government's pushing a bill through without a vote under the provisions of article 49.3, if the motion succeeds, the bill on which the cabinet has committed its responsibility is defeated and the government falls.

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The no-confidence procedure has historically been mostly used to remove speakers and deputy speakers. Of the 11 times that the motion has been invoked, nine cases targeted those posts, with four being effective. Votes of no confidence in prime ministers are extremely rare. In November 1989,

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The confidence convention is also present in the provincial legislatures of Canada, operating much like their federal counterpart. However, the decision to dissolve the legislature and call an election or to see if another coalition/party can form a government is left to the provincial

1954:. Out of 346, 172 votes have required to gain the majority in national assembly of Pakistan. On 10 April 2022, motion of no confidence was passed by 174 votes out of 346. This was the first time in the history of Pakistan that vote of no confidence resulted in a change of government. 1343:

votes. That means that a prime ministerial candidate, to be successful in the parliamentary vote, must have at least a total of 175 votes in favour or abstention. If a Speaker fails four times to have a nominee elected, an election must be held within three months of the final vote.

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Parliament can withdraw its support to the government through a vote of no confidence. A vote of no confidence may be proposed if a tenth of the members of either house sign the proposition and within three days before the appointed date, the vote can be brought into the discussion.

95:. On the other hand, censure is a non-constitutionally-binding expression of disapproval; a motion of censure may be against an individual minister or a group of ministers. However, depending on a country's constitution, a no-confidence motion may be more directed against the entire 127:. Sometimes, motions of confidence or no confidence are proposed even though it is clear that the government does in fact have majority support simply to pressure ministers or put opposition parties in the potentially-embarrassing situation of voting in support of the government. 1795:. That can mean that there have been many short-lived governments because the party structure allows small parties to defeat a government which does not have the majority needed to create a government. This has widely been regarded as the cause of instability for the 1365:, which concerns the spending of money, is seen to require automatically for the government to resign or ask for a new election, much like a no-confidence vote. A government in a Westminster system that cannot spend money is hamstrung, which is also called a 354:

Chamber of Deputies may itself start debate on vote of no confidence of the government, but only if it has been submitted in writing by at least fifty Deputies. To adopt the resolution, an absolute majority of all Deputies have to vote against the govenment.

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introduced the censure motion with the majority of the membership needed to pass to replace interpellation, and removed the option of initiative by the Senate. Nevertheless, instability continued. According to historian René Rémond, President of the Council

114:, and sometimes other key pieces of legislation) may be declared to be a confidence vote – that is, the vote on the bill is treated as a question of confidence in the government; a defeat of the bill expresses no confidence in the government. 2008: 1561:

set up a precedent by submitting the composition of his government to a confidence vote after an interpellation by a deputy, despite the constitution not mentioning this process, thus recreating the problem of the preceding republic. The

577:. Whether or not to grant this request is at the discretion of the President, though no President has ever refused a request for dissolution. Should the President refuse to dissolve the Dáil, the Taoiseach and government must resign. 991:. It was the eighth motion to be brought against Zuma in his presidency and the first to be held via secret ballot. After the vote was held the next day, the motion was defeated 198–177, with 25 abstentions. Around 20 governing 421:

to appoint as its successor. Thus, a motion of no confidence may be brought forward only if there is a positive majority for the new candidate. The idea was to prevent the state crises that occurred near the end of the German

594: 99:. Again, depending on the applicable rules, censure motions may need to state the reasons for the motion, but specific reasons may not be required for no-confidence motions. However, in some countries, especially those with 2722: 3210: 1339:

a prime minister loses a no-confidence vote, the entire government must resign. The speaker may allow the ousted prime minister to head a transitional or caretaker government until Parliament elects a new prime minister.

611:. Within ten days of the government's formation, a confidence motion must be passed. Five governments were forced to resign when a motion of confidence in them failed to pass in one of the houses of Parliament: the 718:

The government can also make any vote a matter of confidence. In the entire history of the Republic of Italy, only two governments were forced to resign when a vote they had made a matter of confidence failed: the

395:, the executive body of the European Union, through a successful motion of no confidence, which requires a two-thirds vote. A successful vote on the motion leads to the resignation of the entire Commission. 122:

There are a number of variations in this procedure between parliaments. In some countries, a motion of no confidence can be directed at the government collectively or at any individual member, including the

1753:, to govern in the absence of a parliamentary majority proved unsuccessful, and by the mid-19th century, the power of a motion of no confidence to break a government was firmly established in the UK. 2020: 1910: 1057: 142:; if the bill fails (and thus it is shown that parliament has lost its confidence in the government), the Prime Minister is expected to resign or call snap elections. In Westminster systems, the 174:

to agree to it. The House of Representatives has 151 members and so requires 76 votes in favour of the motion when all members of the House are present. A straight vote of no confidence in the

3875: 1706: 2651: 1453:, the lower house of the French Parliament, can bring down the government through a motion of no-confidence are outlined in the paragraphs 2 and 3 article 49 of the Constitution of the 768: 246:(provincial) no longer has confidence in the incumbent government. A no-confidence motion may be directed against only the incumbent government, with confidence motions against the 1675: 1777: 1757: 1377: 903:

enacted a constitutional process on 29 May 2019 to create a motion of no confidence towards Congress if it refused to co-operate with his proposed actions against corruption.

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party members to vote in favour of the government; still it is possible to remove the government by a no-confidence motion if the ruling party breaks by more than one third.

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to 48 present and voting. The Prime Minister won the vote by 24–16. Therefore, Lee Kuan Yew remained in office. The results for this motion of no confidence are as follows:

1833:. Furthermore, since 2014, the French president can be impeached only if three conditions are fulfilled: one of the Houses of the French parliament must adopt a sitting in 871:

reconvened National Assembly passed the motion of no confidence against Khan by a majority vote of 172, being the first successful ousting through no–confidence motion.

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confidence may be asserted automatically if such a bill fails to pass. Bills and motions that are considered implicit motions of confidence include appropriations or

1427:, the legislature may occasionally pass motions of no confidence, which removes only the cabinet and the prime minister. The legislature may also have the power to 727:

in 2006. In both cases, the vote made a matter of confidence was a vote on a resolution approving the prime minister's address to one of the houses of Parliament.

1978: 1412: 1860: 3755: 1735: 1526: 800: 251: 223: 2670: 1407:, only a motion explicitly resolving that "this House has no confidence in His Majesty's Government" was treated as a motion of no confidence. In 2022 the 796: 1756:

In the United Kingdom, 11 prime ministers have been defeated through a no-confidence motion, but there has been only one such defeat since 1925, in the

808: 344: 2696: 772: 1352: 760: 296: 548: 2937: 2165: 851: 3156: 1111:. This caused PAP's massive majority to diminish. Lee Kuan Yew faced his first confidence vote on 20 July 1961 following the PAP's defeat in the 435:

the issues to be debated. A motion of no confidence is accepted only if it is approved by the absolute majority of the total number of members.

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However, among the 16 abstentions were 13 left wing PAP members, who were expelled from the PAP after the vote, and the 13 went on to form the

840: 764: 3130: 1863:.) Three years later, in 2011, Harper's minority government was defeated by a motion of no confidence, which declared the government to be in 202:

and leaders of political parties have been successful on some occasions. Motions of no confidence against the government may be passed in the

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throughout the whole territory of Russia. In the above-mentioned cases, the president is then effectively forced to dismiss the government.

3108: 863: 574: 195: 2236: 2232: 915:, during the presidency of Castillo, would rule that only Congress could interpret whether or not a motion of confidence has been made. 896: 171: 3064: 3649: 3599: 1968: 1030: 924: 404: 332: 3718: 2258: 3907: 2962: 1767:

In modern times, the passage of a motion of no confidence is a relatively rare event in two-party democracies. In almost all cases,

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In both cases, if the motion succeeds, the Prime minister is required to tender their government's resignation to the President.

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of the members vote in favour of the motion, it is passed, and all the ministers are expected to resign on their moral grounds.

3402: 1408: 1404: 965: 908: 462: 340: 1096:'s independence on 9 August 1965, no Singaporean government has ever faced a motion of no confidence. However, Prime Minister 3796: 1868: 1529:

and it was passed on 5 October 1962, by 280 votes (the absolute majority required was 241 at that time). It led to President

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The motion of no confidence is outlined in Israeli Basic Law Article 28 and Article 44 of the Knesset's Rule of Procedure.

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tabled a motion of no confidence against Lee Kuan Yew. Three assemblymen were absent bringing the total membership of the

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if it has censured or denied its confidence to two Cabinets. The relevant Articles 132–134 are in the 1993 version of the

651: 3419: 1017:(right) congratulates the incoming prime minister Pedro Sánchez (left) upon losing the no-confidence vote on 1 June 2018. 2553: 1604: 1545: 1485:

motions of no-confidence per regular parliamentary session and no more than one per extraordinary parliamentary session.

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present and voting. This time, Lee Kuan Yew's Government won the vote by a margin of 23–16. The results are as follows:

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an executive or judicial officer, with another institution or the legislature removing the officer from their office.

1077: 285:; votes of no confidence in 2005 and 2011 were the result of explicit confidence motions presented by the opposition. 191: 288:

In 1968, the standing orders respecting supply were amended to limit opposition to two confidence motions on a given

60:) is deemed fit to continue to occupy their office. The no-confidence vote is a defining constitutional element of a 2432: 3849: 3746: 3381: 1716: 1667: 1450: 804: 532: 323:

directed against any individual ministers holding office as they are also nominated by members of the legislature.

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The first motion of no confidence against an entire government occurred in March 1782 when, following news of the

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needs the backing of an absolute majority of the National Assembly members (normally 289 out of 577) to be passed;

339:). Any new government, appointed after demise of previous one, must no more than 30 days after being appointed by 146:

is always a vote of confidence; even a successful amendment to the budget may be considered a no-confidence vote.

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were present and voting. The Prime Minister won the vote by a margin of 27–8 votes. The results were as follows:

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sentence in 1996 declared it was indeed possible to propose an individual vote of no confidence against a single

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moved the first-ever no-confidence motion on the floor of the Lok Sabha against the government of prime minister

3876:"First ever Successful Vote of No-Confidence in Parliamentary History in 41st Session of 15th National Assembly" 862:

dissolved the National Assembly immediately after receiving advice from Prime Minister Khan to do so, causing a

1331: 973: 788: 466: 2888: 1859:. That allowed Harper to delay a potential vote on the no-confidence motion presented by the opposition. (See 1104: 3530: 3516: 3502: 2016: 1842: 1826: 1785: 1624: 1081: 1034: 969: 612: 364: 100: 1533:'s refusal to accept PM Pompidou's resignation, instead dissolving the National Assembly and calling for a 351:

proposed bill within three months of its submission (otherwise president of the republic can dissolve it).

68:) of the majority in the legislature. Systems differ in whether such a motion may be directed against the 1933: 1922: 1864: 1796: 1791:

Motions of no confidence are far more common in multi-party systems in which a minority party must form a

1724: 1632: 1553: 1400: 930: 267: 72:, against individual cabinet ministers, against the cabinet as a whole, or some combination of the above. 57: 1517:

Only one motion of no-confidence has been passed since the start of the Fifth Republic in 1958: it was a

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but have little or no impact in the House. However, the Senate's right to refuse supply helped spark the

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To deal with that situation, the French placed a greater degree of executive power in the office of the

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and 1975. Generally the government will resign or call for an election before a vote of no confidence.

1742:'s resignation after a defeat on a vote in the House of Commons in 1742 is considered to be the first 1792: 1694: 1651: 1592: 1026: 934: 889: 828: 756: 570: 521: 418: 369: 319: 243: 131: 96: 88: 80: 61: 2795: 941:

have to no more than 14 days after demise of the government or after first sitting of newly elected

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in 2023) was referred to informally as a "no confidence vote" in media reports covering the event.

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called for a motion of no confidence against the Cabinet of Ministers, led by the pro-Russian and

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to not be a matter of confidence. This was passed in 1985 and is now part of the standing orders.

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If a vote of no confidence passes, the prime minister is required to either resign or request the

2938:"Facing calls to quit, Malaysia's prime minister says he will prove his legitimacy in parliament" 2769: 2622: 1392: 1358: 1335: 816: 628: 417:

requires the opposition, on the same ballot, to propose a candidate of its own whom it wants the

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shall resign en masse, unless the House of Representatives is dissolved within ten (10) days."

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In addition to explicit motions of confidence and no-confidence, some bills (almost always the

3645: 3620: 3595: 3353: 3325: 3297: 3269: 3241: 1852: 1812: 1781: 1712: 1596: 1530: 1046: 881: 616: 203: 199: 143: 111: 2963:"Muhyiddin Yassin appointed Malaysian caretaker PM after resignation is accepted by the king" 1380:

by just one vote (321-320). There are other, failed motions of no confidence such as that of

1115:. This motion was rather a motion of confidence tabled by the Prime Minister himself. All 51 956:

no confidence passed by the Sejm by a majority of votes of the statutory number of Deputies.

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While the President and Cabinet members can be removed and disqualified from office through

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Votes of no confidence against the government are rare in Denmark, only occurring in 1909,

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and/or fixed election dates generally do not use motions of no confidence and instead use

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requires the sponsoring of 58 MPs (a tenth of the total number of lawmakers) to be tabled;

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What happens if the prime minister loses a motion of confidence? he is obliged to resign

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votes for the no-confidence motion if they are not available the day of the open ballot.

254:, it remains an uncodified practice which is not outlined in any standing orders for the 2608: 1780:

in the UK which was carried by one vote and forced a general election, which was won by

658:, instead of the whole government, and that as such, the motion Mancuso was legitimate. 1914: 1891: 1845: 1739: 1679: 1366: 1108: 904: 824: 525: 289: 282: 219: 124: 104: 84: 69: 17: 2866: 854:

in 2022. An earlier attempt led by the opposition was dismissed by the deputy speaker

154:, which was technically a motion to reduce the salary of a minister by a nominal sum. 27:

Statement or vote about whether someone in a position of power is still fit to hold it

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faced three no-confidence motions in 1961, 1962 and 1963, all prior to independence.

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provides for government responsible to the Chamber of Deputies (lower chamber of the

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On 8 March 2022, opposition parties filed the motion against then prime minister of

3801: 3719:"En quoi consiste la procédure de destitution du président de la République ?" 1848:, of the re-elected minority government of Canada, successfully requested Canadian 1773: 1097: 980: 775:, opposition members of Parliament demanded a vote of confidence in Prime Minister 509: 3008: 1772:

those in which the government party's slim majority has been eliminated by either

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Summary of the vote of no confidence in Minister of Justice Filippo Mancuso, 1995

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defeated in the House came in October 1941, when the House rejected the budget of

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importance used for the purpose of testing the government's majority, such as the

3769: 3476: 64:, in which the executive's mandate rests upon the continued support (or at least 2461: 2404: 2376: 2348: 2320: 2287: 1963: 1883: 1750: 1690: 1655: 1428: 1381: 1362: 513: 454: 292:

in each of the three supply periods. This provision was repealed in June 1985.

263: 53: 3211:"El Tribunal Constitucional altera el equilibrio de poderes con sus decisiones" 3082: 1372:

One of the most famous motions of no-confidence in British history was against

2652:"When NDA's first PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee lost no-confidence motion by 1 vote" 1951: 1875: 1584: 984: 855: 847: 608: 484:. As of August 2023, 31 no-confidence motions have been moved. Prime Minister 933:(1997) provides for government responsible to the Sejm (lower chamber of the 646:

was forced to resign after a vote of no confidence against him passed in the

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same conditions to be tabled and passed than those outlined in article 49.2;

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passes a non-confidence resolution, or rejects a confidence resolution, the

558: 450: 3157:"Live updates: NA votes out PM Imran Khan in a historic first for Pakistan" 2910: 1591:(at least 226 votes out of 450) pass a motion of no confidence against the 1552:

and a vote, force the government into resigning, creating instability. The

968:

may request a motion of no confidence in either the Cabinet, excluding the

835:, as the only instance of its use is the one moved in January 2018 against 1738:. Although it is considered the first formal motion of no confidence, Sir 1723:

voted that it "can no longer repose confidence in the present ministers".

1107:

split between the right wing led by Lee Kuan Yew and the left wing led by

3617:

Histoire de France sous la direction de Jean Favier, Tome 6, Notre Siècle

2988:"Part III: The Federation of Pakistan: Chapter 3: The Federal Government" 2190:

Journals, December 20, 1968, pp. 554, 556–7; Standing Order 56(9) of 1969

1948: 1588: 1403:

was also a confidence motion. However, from 2011 to 2022, under the then-

1025:

provides for motions of no confidence to be proposed by one-tenth of the

595:

List of successful votes of no confidence in Kingdom of Italy governments

222:, there is no provision to hold motions of no confidence, as a result of 167: 2259:"N.W.T.'s Health, Infrastructure ministers survive non-confidence votes" 1678:. The first successful such motion at the federal level (the ouster of 1260:

Summary of the Vote of No Confidence in Lee Kuan Yew's Government, 1963

1197:

Summary of the Vote of No Confidence in Lee Kuan Yew's Government, 1962

1940: 1879: 410: 315: 266:, motions concerning budgetary policy, and the Address in Reply to the 187: 76: 1894:. However, it fell 40 votes short, and Azarov's government prevailed. 3420:"Qué hace falta para que la moción de censura a Rajoy salga adelante" 2113:. House of Commons Procedure and Practice. Parliament of Canada. 2000 2082:. House of Commons Procedure and Practice. Parliament of Canada. 2000 1808: 1576: 1504:

no numerical limits set on the MPs' ability to sponsor such a motion.

1475:

is debated and voted upon at least 48 hours after it has been tabled;

1446: 1123:

Summary of the Vote of Confidence in Lee Kuan Yew's Government, 1961

795:

of the state. The motions can target speakers and deputy speakers of

235: 52:

and corresponding vote thereon in a deliberative assembly (usually a

1749:

During the early 19th century, attempts by prime ministers, such as

791:

has provision for a no-confidence motion in all constituents of the

3026: 2139:"Taking down the government, how a confidence vote works in Canada" 1595:

as a whole. In that case, the matter goes for consideration of the

3109:"Pakistan court rules blocking vote to oust Khan unconstitutional" 2723:"Threatening Indian democratic system: Case of Anti-Defection Law" 2671:"No-confidence motion against NDA govt rejected. Day's highlights" 1898: 1804: 1029:. Following the German model, votes of no confidence in Spain are 1008: 907:

also motioned to use this mechanism against Congress in 2022 when

604: 449:

In India, a motion of no confidence can be introduced only in the

1929:

that a vote of no confidence resulted in a change of government.

1890:. At least 226 votes were needed to gain a majority in Ukraine's 1033:

and so the motion must also include an alternative candidate for

3667:"House ousts Kevin McCarthy as speaker, a first in U.S. history" 2889:"Far dimettere il ministro Piantedosi è davvero molto difficile" 942: 1944:

voted with the main opposition bloc's motion of no confidence.

152:

1895 vote of no confidence in the Earl of Rosebery's government

1318:

In September 1963, the Legislative Assembly was dissolved and

992: 535:, when the majority party has an absolute majority and it can 2605:"Procedure regarding motion of no-confidence 9 December 2013" 2233:"Backbench MLAs threaten to vote out N.W.T. Premier, cabinet" 1734:

to accept his resignation. That did not immediately create a

1631:. In that case, the government is removed from power and the 1384:

which was won by a narrow margin of 325-306. Or also that of

1330:

A motion of no confidence may be levelled against either the

983:

announced that she would permit a motion of no confidence in

3825:"Swedish prime minister ousted after losing confidence vote" 3592:

Mémentos LMD Principes fondamentaux de droit constitutionnel

3131:"Imran Khan becomes first PM to be ousted via no-trust vote" 827:

faced an ultimately unsuccessful motion of no confidence by

1537:

that resulted in an increased majority for his government.

91:, or, depending on the constitutional procedure at hand, a 2911:"Faizal is fourth chief executive to fail confidence vote" 1707:

List of prime ministers defeated by votes of no confidence

1521:

motion of no-confidence (article 49.2) tabled against the

83:, a vote of no confidence leads to the resignation of the 2697:"Government defeats no-confidence motion in a voice vote" 858:

using Article 5 of the constitution. Later on, President

295:

In 1984, a proposal was made to consider the election of

3563:"House of Commons Factsheet M7: Parliamentary Elections" 1939:

was ousted after he lost a vote of no confidence in the

1395:, a no-confidence motion generally first appeared as an 607:, the government requires the support of both houses of 3027:"BA passes no-confidence motion against Aslam Bhootani" 1040:

Also, the prime minister is barred from dissolving the

488:

faced the most no-confidence motions (15), followed by

3443: 3441: 3236: 3234: 2315: 2313: 2311: 2282: 2280: 995:

members of Parliament voted in favour of the measure.

987:'s government to proceed in the National Assembly via 79:

motion is different from a no-confidence motion. In a

2842:"Le mozioni di sfiducia o censura a singoli ministri" 972:, or the president. The Speaker, within the rules of 948:

Prime minister can ask Sejm for vote of confidence.

850:

was successfully removed as prime minister through a

3744:

Marson, James; Bendavid, Naftali (3 December 2013).

2265:. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 31 October 2018 1778:

1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry

1758:

1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry

3585: 3583: 3065:"Balochistan CM Zehri quits to avoid no-trust vote" 3046:"Bhutto Survives as No-Confidence Vote Falls Short" 1984:

List of motions of no confidence in the Netherlands

3745: 3665:Kinery, Emma; Wilkie, Christina (3 October 2023). 3619:(in French) (1988 ed.). Fayard. p. 392. 1494:' decision to push a bill through without a vote ( 1045:is immediately appointed as prime minister by the 3850:"Pakistan PM Imran Khan loses no-confidence vote" 3594:(in French). Gualino Éditeurs. pp. 137–142. 843:, who resigned before the vote could take place. 815:, as well as the chairman and deputy chairman of 480:in August 1963, immediately after the disastrous 3797:"Mariano Rajoy ousted as Spain's prime minister" 3770:"Mariano Rajoy: Spanish PM forced out of office" 3747:"Ukraine Government Survives No-Confidence Vote" 3568:. House of Commons Information office. p. 3 3477:"Mariano Rajoy: Spanish PM forced out of office" 2541:German Constitution Official English Translation 2076:"Address in reply to the Speech from the Throne" 925:Constructive vote of no confidence § Poland 779:, but he resigned before this could take place. 3403:"BREAKING: Zuma survives vote of no confidence" 3083:"Pakistan court to decide PM Imran Khan's fate" 1697:, this is not considered a no confidence vote. 1627:may pass a motion of no confidence against the 1481:an MP cannot sponsor more than three different 238:, a vote of no confidence is a motion that the 3009:"Three speakers removed by opposition in past" 1979:Motions of no confidence in the United Kingdom 1413:Dissolution and Calling of Parliament Act 2022 3414: 3412: 1490:a motion of no-confidence in response to the 1388:which was won by a greater margin (347-238). 909:he attempted to dissolve the legislative body 8: 224:Article 70 of the Constitution of Bangladesh 2796:"Motion of No-Confidence in the Government" 2166:"Feeling confidence about the budget vote?" 3640:Carcassonne, Guy; Guillaume, Marc (2016). 569:, then the Taoiseach may request that the 2101: 2099: 2097: 2044: 2042: 2040: 2038: 1913:passed 180–169 after the sentence of the 1829:, which makes it easier to form a stable 846:Since gaining independence in 1947, only 343:, request motion of confidence vote from 56:) as to whether an officer (typically an 3693:"Vote of no confidence: a brief history" 3354:"Constitution of the Republic of Poland" 3326:"Constitution of the Republic of Poland" 3298:"Constitution of the Republic of Poland" 3270:"Constitution of the Republic of Poland" 3242:"Constitution of the Republic of Poland" 1861:2008–2009 Canadian parliamentary dispute 1353:Confidence motions in the United Kingdom 1258: 1195: 1121: 761:state legislative assemblies of Malaysia 660: 3644:(in French). Points. pp. 249–259. 2054:House of Commons Procedure and Practice 1995: 166:, a motion of no confidence requires a 3003: 3001: 2814:"Constitution of the Italian Republic" 2132: 2130: 2128: 2009:"Motions of no confidence and censure" 2003: 2001: 1999: 1878:pro-European riots, the opposition in 1672:United States House of Representatives 1056:, was sworn in on 2 June 2018 after a 557:, if a motion of no confidence in the 3758:from the original on 3 December 2013. 3545:"Examines the work of the Government" 2738: 2736: 2456: 2454: 1441:Article 49 of the French Constitution 769:Faizal Azumu's Perak ministry in 2020 250:being inadmissible. Originating as a 208:1975 Australian constitutional crisis 186:Specific motions of no confidence or 7: 2405:"Constitution of the Czech Republic" 2377:"Constitution of the Czech Republic" 2349:"Constitution of the Czech Republic" 2321:"Constitution of the Czech Republic" 2288:"Constitution of the Czech Republic" 2239:from the original on 5 February 2009 1803:. More recent examples have been in 1639:, who has to form a new government. 773:2020–2022 Malaysian political crisis 2695:Upadhyay, Deepak (10 August 2023). 2433:"The Constitutional Act of Denmark" 2172:. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 2137:Dangerfield, Katie (30 June 2017). 1917:, which involved the ruling party. 1693:by the House and conviction in the 897:2019 Peruvian constitutional crisis 3823:Henley, John (25 September 2018). 3063:Zafar, Muhammad (9 January 2018). 2543:Article 67 – Vote of No Confidence 2208:Journals, June 27, 1985, pp. 910–9 2199:Journals, June 27, 1985, pp. 910–9 1969:Constructive vote of no confidence 1838:his functions during the process. 1064:had been approved on 1 June 2018. 831:. Same is the case for provincial 549:Confidence motions in Dáil Éireann 405:Constructive vote of no confidence 333:Constitution of the Czech Republic 277:to dissolve parliament and call a 25: 3699:. Immediate Media Company Limited 3691:Mason, Emma (24 September 2019). 3209:Patriau, Enrique (21 June 2023). 2514:"THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT: POWERS" 2164:McGregor, Janyce (11 July 2012). 2013:House of Representatives Practice 1925:. That was the first time in the 1544:, members of both the Senate and 1449:, the conditions under which the 1005:Motions of no confidence in Spain 413:, a vote of no confidence in the 3382:"Rules of the National Assembly" 2669:Agarwal, Nikhil (20 July 2018). 2580:"Parliament of India, Lok Sabha" 964:Any member of Parliament in the 911:. The Congressionally-appointed 445:Motion of no confidence in India 3044:Burns, John (2 November 1989). 1409:Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 1405:Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 1113:Hong Lim and Anson by-elections 1080:must command the confidence of 168:majority of the members present 2936:Lee, Yen Nee (4 August 2021). 1378:lost a motion of no-confidence 1185:. On 13 July 1962, Barisan MP 599:2008 Italian government crisis 310:Two Canadian territories, the 1: 3182:"Peru's Constitution of 1993" 2494:(in Danish). 16 December 2013 2219:"Standing Orders - Chapter 1" 1807:between the 1950s and 1990s, 1527:constitutional reform dispute 573:dissolve the Dáil and call a 2992:The Constitution of Pakistan 2468:(in Danish). 11 January 2017 2056:. Parliament of Canada. 2017 1052:The current prime minister, 1023:Spanish Constitution of 1978 1013:The outgoing prime minister 913:Constitutional Court of Peru 880:Congress to approve it. The 2107:"The Confidence Convention" 2050:"The Confidence Convention" 1776:or defections, such as the 1721:Parliament of Great Britain 1320:fresh elections were called 1078:prime minister of Singapore 1072:Under Article 25(1) of the 3929: 3795:Jones, Sam (1 June 2018). 3449:"The Spanish Constitution" 2111:Parliaments and Ministries 2015:(6th ed.). Canberra: 1719:the previous October, the 1717:American Revolutionary War 1713:British defeat at Yorktown 1704: 1674:can be used to remove the 1438: 1350: 1002: 979:On 7 August 2017, Speaker 922: 767:four times, most recently 765:heads of state governments 638:Since the drafting of the 592: 546: 442: 402: 138:internally divided, or in 3531:"Motion of No Confidence" 3517:"Motion of No Confidence" 3426:(in Spanish). 25 May 2018 2770:"Constitution of Ireland" 2744:"Constitution of Ireland" 2145:. Corus Entertainment Inc 1915:Gürtel corruption scandal 1746:motion of no confidence. 1736:constitutional convention 1730:responded by asking King 1579:, the lower house of the 1465:motion of no-confidence ( 1425:semi-presidential systems 1419:Semi-presidential systems 1399:although the vote on the 1264: 1201: 1127: 1103:The 1960s saw the ruling 1074:Constitution of Singapore 939:President of the Republic 882:president of the republic 868:Supreme Court of Pakistan 759:, votes of confidence in 666: 613:eighth De Gasperi cabinet 341:president of the republic 252:constitutional convention 132:parliamentary democracies 3908:Motions of no confidence 2867:"Sentenza n. 7 del 1996" 1921:was sworn in as the new 1658:as a similar mechanism. 1334:on behalf of the entire 839:, the chief minister of 789:Constitution of Pakistan 757:federal political system 741:House of Representatives 461:) and after at least 50 220:Parliament of Bangladesh 196:leader of the opposition 183:'s minority government. 172:House of Representatives 101:uncodified constitutions 3752:The Wall Street Journal 2017:Parliament of Australia 1911:motion of no confidence 1843:Canadian Prime Minister 1827:plurality voting system 1625:Parliament of Sri Lanka 1058:motion of no confidence 866:. On 7 April 2022, the 852:motion of no confidence 735:Article 69 of the 1947 629:seventh Fanfani cabinet 625:fifth Andreotti cabinet 621:first Andreotti cabinet 18:Motion of No Confidence 3590:Türk, Pauline (2016). 3503:"Motion of Confidence" 3013:The News International 2721:Kumar, S (June 2017). 1934:Swedish Prime Minister 1932:On 25 September 2018, 1923:Spanish prime minister 1865:contempt of Parliament 1797:French Fourth Republic 1725:British Prime Minister 1633:president of Sri Lanka 1401:Speech from the Throne 1357:Traditionally, in the 1018: 931:Constitution of Poland 739:provides that "if the 268:Speech from the Throne 3615:Rémond, René (1988). 3189:Constitureproject.org 2623:"Rules of confidence" 2558:Hellenicparliament.gr 2488:"mistillidsdagsorden" 2437:The Danish Parliament 1635:has to appoint a new 1629:Sri Lankan government 1548:could, with a simple 1351:Further information: 1012: 1003:Further information: 864:constitutional crisis 737:Constitution of Japan 640:Constitution of Italy 617:first Fanfani cabinet 563:government of Ireland 312:Northwest Territories 176:Australian government 164:Australian Parliament 118:Parliamentary systems 38:vote of no confidence 1874:In 2013, during the 1793:coalition government 1676:Speaker of the House 1652:separation of powers 1648:Presidential systems 1643:Presidential systems 1593:government of Russia 1492:Council of Ministers 1411:was repealed by the 1191:Legislative Assembly 1027:Congress of Deputies 935:Parliament of Poland 890:Constitution of Peru 829:Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi 725:second Prodi cabinet 652:Constitutional Court 522:Atal Bihari Vajpayee 368:The vote requires a 363:Paragraph 15 of the 320:consensus government 244:legislative assembly 81:parliamentary system 62:parliamentary system 3135:The Express Tribune 3069:The Express Tribune 3033:. 26 December 2012. 3015:. 19 December 2010. 1909:was ousted after a 1897:On 1 June 2018, in 1857:prorogue Parliament 1831:majority government 1546:Chamber of Deputies 1525:government over a 1261: 1198: 1124: 801:national assemblies 721:first Prodi cabinet 663: 494:P. V. Narasimha Rao 490:Lal Bahadur Shastri 459:Parliament of India 393:European Commission 389:European Parliament 365:Danish Constitution 345:Chamber of Deputies 305:lieutenant-governor 248:Official Opposition 140:minority government 40:(or the inverse, a 3161:www.thenews.com.pk 3111:. www.aljzeera.com 3050:The New York Times 2774:Irish Statute Book 2748:Irish Statute Book 2656:Hindustantimes.com 2560:. 28 November 2019 2521:Europarl.europa.eu 1869:election that year 1786:Conservative Party 1605:state of emergency 1393:British Parliament 1361:, the defeat of a 1359:Westminster system 1336:Swedish government 1259: 1196: 1122: 1019: 661: 533:Anti-Defection Law 415:federal chancellor 46:vote of confidence 44:and corresponding 3626:978-2-213-02039-6 3389:Parliament.gov.za 3358:en.wikisource.org 3330:en.wikisource.org 3302:en.wikisource.org 3274:en.wikisource.org 3246:en.wikisource.org 2917:. 4 December 2020 2627:Indianexpress.com 2462:"Mistillidsvotum" 2409:en.wikisource.org 2381:en.wikisource.org 2353:en.wikisource.org 2325:en.wikisource.org 2292:en.wikisource.org 2023:on 15 August 2016 1782:Margaret Thatcher 1601:general elections 1597:Russian president 1451:National Assembly 1314: 1313: 1251: 1250: 1177: 1176: 966:National Assembly 793:Electoral College 763:have removed its 723:in 1996, and the 716: 715: 650:. The subsequent 463:Lok Sabha members 419:federal president 194:, ministers, the 144:government budget 112:government budget 16:(Redirected from 3920: 3892: 3891: 3889: 3887: 3872: 3866: 3865: 3863: 3861: 3846: 3840: 3839: 3837: 3835: 3820: 3814: 3813: 3811: 3809: 3792: 3786: 3785: 3783: 3781: 3766: 3760: 3759: 3749: 3741: 3735: 3734: 3732: 3730: 3715: 3709: 3708: 3706: 3704: 3688: 3682: 3681: 3679: 3677: 3662: 3656: 3655: 3637: 3631: 3630: 3612: 3606: 3605: 3587: 3578: 3577: 3575: 3573: 3567: 3559: 3553: 3552: 3549:Sveriges Riksdag 3541: 3535: 3534: 3527: 3521: 3520: 3513: 3507: 3506: 3499: 3493: 3492: 3490: 3488: 3473: 3467: 3466: 3464: 3462: 3453: 3445: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3431: 3416: 3407: 3406: 3405:. 8 August 2017. 3399: 3393: 3392: 3386: 3378: 3372: 3371: 3366: 3364: 3350: 3344: 3343: 3338: 3336: 3322: 3316: 3315: 3310: 3308: 3294: 3288: 3287: 3282: 3280: 3266: 3260: 3259: 3254: 3252: 3238: 3229: 3228: 3226: 3224: 3206: 3200: 3199: 3197: 3195: 3186: 3178: 3172: 3171: 3169: 3167: 3153: 3147: 3146: 3144: 3142: 3127: 3121: 3120: 3118: 3116: 3105: 3099: 3098: 3096: 3094: 3079: 3073: 3072: 3060: 3054: 3053: 3041: 3035: 3034: 3023: 3017: 3016: 3005: 2996: 2995: 2984: 2978: 2977: 2975: 2973: 2959: 2953: 2952: 2950: 2948: 2933: 2927: 2926: 2924: 2922: 2907: 2901: 2900: 2898: 2896: 2885: 2879: 2878: 2876: 2874: 2863: 2857: 2856: 2854: 2852: 2838: 2832: 2831: 2829: 2827: 2818: 2810: 2804: 2803: 2800:M.knesset.gov.il 2792: 2786: 2785: 2783: 2781: 2766: 2760: 2759: 2757: 2755: 2740: 2731: 2730: 2718: 2712: 2711: 2709: 2707: 2692: 2686: 2685: 2683: 2681: 2666: 2660: 2659: 2648: 2642: 2641: 2636: 2634: 2619: 2613: 2612: 2607:. Archived from 2601: 2595: 2594: 2592: 2590: 2576: 2570: 2569: 2567: 2565: 2550: 2544: 2538: 2532: 2531: 2529: 2527: 2518: 2510: 2504: 2503: 2501: 2499: 2492:Den Store Danske 2484: 2478: 2477: 2475: 2473: 2458: 2449: 2448: 2446: 2444: 2429: 2423: 2422: 2417: 2415: 2401: 2395: 2394: 2389: 2387: 2373: 2367: 2366: 2361: 2359: 2345: 2339: 2338: 2333: 2331: 2317: 2306: 2305: 2300: 2298: 2284: 2275: 2274: 2272: 2270: 2255: 2249: 2248: 2246: 2244: 2229: 2223: 2222: 2215: 2209: 2206: 2200: 2197: 2191: 2188: 2182: 2181: 2179: 2177: 2161: 2155: 2154: 2152: 2150: 2134: 2123: 2122: 2120: 2118: 2103: 2092: 2091: 2089: 2087: 2072: 2066: 2065: 2063: 2061: 2046: 2033: 2032: 2030: 2028: 2019:. Archived from 2005: 1927:history of Spain 1850:Governor-general 1820:French president 1769:party discipline 1668:motion to vacate 1581:Federal Assembly 1397:early day motion 1262: 1199: 1183:Barisan Sosialis 1125: 1042:Cortes Generales 777:Muhyiddin Yassin 664: 627:in 1979 and the 575:general election 518:H. D. Deve Gowda 506:Jawaharlal Nehru 504:(two each), and 478:Jawaharlal Nehru 465:support it, the 391:can dismiss the 337:Czech parliament 279:general election 275:governor-general 256:House of Commons 240:House of Commons 54:legislative body 21: 3928: 3927: 3923: 3922: 3921: 3919: 3918: 3917: 3898: 3897: 3896: 3895: 3885: 3883: 3882:. 27 April 2022 3874: 3873: 3869: 3859: 3857: 3848: 3847: 3843: 3833: 3831: 3822: 3821: 3817: 3807: 3805: 3794: 3793: 3789: 3779: 3777: 3768: 3767: 3763: 3743: 3742: 3738: 3728: 3726: 3717: 3716: 3712: 3702: 3700: 3690: 3689: 3685: 3675: 3673: 3664: 3663: 3659: 3652: 3642:La Constitution 3639: 3638: 3634: 3627: 3614: 3613: 3609: 3602: 3589: 3588: 3581: 3571: 3569: 3565: 3561: 3560: 3556: 3543: 3542: 3538: 3529: 3528: 3524: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3501: 3500: 3496: 3486: 3484: 3475: 3474: 3470: 3460: 3458: 3451: 3447: 3446: 3439: 3429: 3427: 3418: 3417: 3410: 3401: 3400: 3396: 3391:. 11 June 2020. 3384: 3380: 3379: 3375: 3362: 3360: 3352: 3351: 3347: 3334: 3332: 3324: 3323: 3319: 3306: 3304: 3296: 3295: 3291: 3278: 3276: 3268: 3267: 3263: 3250: 3248: 3240: 3239: 3232: 3222: 3220: 3208: 3207: 3203: 3193: 3191: 3184: 3180: 3179: 3175: 3165: 3163: 3155: 3154: 3150: 3140: 3138: 3129: 3128: 3124: 3114: 3112: 3107: 3106: 3102: 3092: 3090: 3081: 3080: 3076: 3062: 3061: 3057: 3043: 3042: 3038: 3025: 3024: 3020: 3007: 3006: 2999: 2986: 2985: 2981: 2971: 2969: 2961: 2960: 2956: 2946: 2944: 2935: 2934: 2930: 2920: 2918: 2909: 2908: 2904: 2894: 2892: 2887: 2886: 2882: 2872: 2870: 2865: 2864: 2860: 2850: 2848: 2840: 2839: 2835: 2825: 2823: 2816: 2812: 2811: 2807: 2794: 2793: 2789: 2779: 2777: 2768: 2767: 2763: 2753: 2751: 2742: 2741: 2734: 2720: 2719: 2715: 2705: 2703: 2694: 2693: 2689: 2679: 2677: 2668: 2667: 2663: 2658:. 20 July 2018. 2650: 2649: 2645: 2632: 2630: 2621: 2620: 2616: 2611:on 9 July 2012. 2603: 2602: 2598: 2588: 2586: 2578: 2577: 2573: 2563: 2561: 2552: 2551: 2547: 2539: 2535: 2525: 2523: 2516: 2512: 2511: 2507: 2497: 2495: 2486: 2485: 2481: 2471: 2469: 2460: 2459: 2452: 2442: 2440: 2431: 2430: 2426: 2413: 2411: 2403: 2402: 2398: 2385: 2383: 2375: 2374: 2370: 2357: 2355: 2347: 2346: 2342: 2329: 2327: 2319: 2318: 2309: 2296: 2294: 2286: 2285: 2278: 2268: 2266: 2257: 2256: 2252: 2242: 2240: 2231: 2230: 2226: 2217: 2216: 2212: 2207: 2203: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2185: 2175: 2173: 2163: 2162: 2158: 2148: 2146: 2136: 2135: 2126: 2116: 2114: 2105: 2104: 2095: 2085: 2083: 2080:Special Debates 2074: 2073: 2069: 2059: 2057: 2048: 2047: 2036: 2026: 2024: 2007: 2006: 1997: 1992: 1960: 1886:Prime Minister 1822:, along with a 1801:Weimar Republic 1799:and the German 1762:James Callaghan 1709: 1703: 1664: 1645: 1617: 1589:simple majority 1573: 1554:Fourth Republic 1443: 1437: 1421: 1374:James Callaghan 1355: 1349: 1328: 1070: 1007: 1001: 962: 927: 921: 901:Martín Vizcarra 877: 837:Sanaullah Zehri 833:chief ministers 809:chief ministers 785: 753: 733: 644:Filippo Mancuso 601: 591: 583: 551: 545: 531:Even after the 482:Sino-Indian War 474:J. 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