842:
834:
634:
575:
446:. There are at least six edifice-forming members separated by features including those resulting from large volume collapse events. The largest debris avalanche (the Oparau breccia) cascaded at least 25 km southwest from Pirongia into the Kawhia Harbour and was larger in volume (3.3 km) than the Mt. St. Helens collapse of 1980 (2.5 km). The collapse was followed by late-stage eruptions from the summit area around 1.6 Ma. The mountain contains unusually crystal-rich lavas of (
959:
418:
821:
410:
990:
31:
882:(850 m (2,790 ft)), the last 30 m (98 ft) to it having a fixed chain to assist climbing, Mahaukura peak (899 m (2,949 ft)) and Tirohanga peak. In winter and after rain the track becomes muddy and slippery. There are many narrow sections with a tangle of tree roots and rocks.
881:
Mahaukura - Tirohanga
Circuit (8–11 hours 12 km (7.5 mi) return) (4–6 hr / 9 km (5.6 mi) one way) is a longer distance but with a gradual climb from Grey Road. This track is considered difficult. It leads through many steep sections but gives excellent views from Wharauroa lookout
272:
Map of selected volcanic features near Mount
Pirongia. In particular the massive debris avalenge towards the south east is well shown. Clicking on the map enlarges it, and enables mouseover of volcano feature/wikilink and ages if available in brackets. The type of basaltic volcanic eruption (some are
946:
Nikau Walk (2 hr 30 min / 7 km return) like the Bell and
Tahuanui Tracks, this walk starts at Limeworks Loop Road, passes through an area planted around 2010, then follows the Kaniwhaniwha stream to a nikau palm and tree fern fringed loop walk. A further 30 minutes of walking allows a visit to
1053:
986:(probably now the Wharauroa Route) was described in 1876, was said to be, "not always well marked" in 1879, in 1922 it was reported there were no tracks and, in 1924, that part of the track had become overgrown. Ascents of Pirongia were often reported in newspapers.
885:
Wharauroa Track (2 hr / 3.5 km (2.2 mi) one way) is an alternative route to
Wharauroa lookout, which is 1.1 km (0.68 mi) shorter and about 20 m (66 ft) less to climb. It starts over farmland at O’Shea Road, before climbing through tawa
437:
near Raglan. It is a mainly basaltic volcano, though andesite dykes form the peaks of
Wharauroa, Mahaukura, Tirohanga, Pirongia Summit and The Cone. To the west it merges into the highland terrain of the Karioi horst block and in the east it arises above the
606:, a rare and endangered parasitic flowering plant, found on the ridges of Mount Pirongia. Near the summit there are mountain flax, coprosmas and ferns. Botanically, Mount Pirongia is also interesting area as it marks the transition between the warmth-loving
910:
recorded as the tallest native tree at 66.5 m (218 ft), then climbs to a series of clearings, one with a campsite. Beyond it is very muddy, as it climbs to the ridge and the Cone (953 m (3,127 ft)) and then passes Pāhautea Hut to the
918:
Hihikiwi Track (4–6 hr / 6.4 km (4.0 mi) km one way) climbs many steps in bush from
Pirongia West Road, then rises further to an up and down ridge, to reach Hihikiwi Lookout (905 m (2,969 ft)), where there are views down the
914:
Tahuanui Track (4–5 hr / 10.7 km (6.6 mi) km one way) also starts with the Nikau Walk from
Limeworks Loop Road. It climbs steadily beside the Kaniwhaniwha valley, before a short descent and ascent to join the Tirohanga Track to the
713:
and tāwari) at about 650 m (2,130 ft). Above that, kāmahi, tāwari and tawheowheo become more prominent until at 750 m (2,460 ft) tawa is very rare. Above 800 m (2,600 ft) there are also scattered
1540:
1735:
1025:
320:, about 2.5 million years ago. In the adjacent picture, the characteristic profile of the mountain can be seen, along with a prominent accessory cone to the right (on the northern flank).
1615:
563:
Mount
Pirongia is a popular place for hunters from Hamilton seeking a quick day trip hunt, holding several feral goat herds on its bush-clad slopes. Rumours abound about small numbers of
1333:
273:
composite over their eruptive history) is indicated by red being arc basalts, pink being ring basalts of stratovolcanoes and brown being intra-arc basalts typical of those produced by
1663:
2059:
1516:
973:
as a 40 ha (99 acres) reserve in 1966, but has since had its surrounding bush converted to farmland. The reserve has tawa-kāmahi forest with pukatea, miro and king fern.
1588:
1092:
954:Ōpārau Route (1 hr one way) from Pirongia West Road is unmarked and crosses farmland to the park boundary. The Ōpārau River is unbridged and impassable after heavy rain.
1811:
578:
906:
Bell Track via
Kaniwhaniwha Caves (6-10 hr / 18.5 km (11.5 mi) one way) starts with the Nikau Walk from Limeworks Loop Road. It stays in the valley to the
1711:
1687:
1639:
1564:
2036:
1020:
443:
354:), left Kāwhia with her son Rākamaomao and travelled inland, naming many peaks across the Waikato region. Kahupekapeka searched the bush on Pirongia for
568:
1468:
1131:
2103:
891:
Tirohanga Track (3–5 hr / 6.5 km (4.0 mi) km one way) starts at
Corcoran Road, climbs to Ruapane 723 m (2,372 ft), skirts the
776:
1091:
Pittari, Adrian; Prentice, Marlena L.; McLeod, Oliver E.; Zadeh, Elham Yousef; Kamp, Peter J. J.; Danišík, Martin; Vincent, Kirsty A. (2021).
1141:
1066:
939:
Mangakara Nature Walk (1 hr / 1.5 km return) views examples of miro, tawa, rimu, kahikatea, mahoe, rewarewa, kareao, pukatea, nikau and
413:
Mount Pirongia viewed from a distance (approx Feb 2013); the profile is clearly shown as is the secondary cone to the right of the mountain.
2123:
841:
1217:
2108:
1177:
1093:"Inception of the modern North Island (New Zealand) volcanic setting: spatio-temporal patterns of volcanism between 3.0 and 0.9 Ma"
1403:
1015:
277:
volcanic fields. Approximate location of characterised vents are black rectangles with red centres. For wider context see map at
1354:
936:
Corcoran Road Lookout (15 min return 100 m (330 ft)) a short, wheelchair accessible track, in bush to a viewpoint.
542:
Mahaukura edifice . Central vent is Tirohanga Peak, which is andesitic, as are Mahaukura Bluffs. Ruapane Peak is ankaramite.
278:
346:, which translates to 'the putrid stench of Kahu', or more gently, the 'scented pathway of Kahu'. This name originates from
2118:
2098:
901:
Ruapane Track (1 hr 30 min 4 km (2.5 mi) one way), a longer alternative route to Ruapane, starts at Waite Road.
892:
56:
633:
833:
567:
released by farmers after an earlier deer farming boom went bust. Pirongia Forest Park is administered by the Waikato
259:
2113:
274:
1762:
1169:
He korero pūrākau mo ngā taunahanahatanga a ngā tūpuna = Place names of the ancestors, a Maori oral history atlas
861:
long distance trail. A lookout platform was built on Pirongia summit after 1999. From it, it is possible to spot
796:
690:
907:
678:
430:
574:
358:(medicinal plants) to heal her body, which was afflicted by the miscarriage of her unborn child with Uenga.
730:(at its northern limit on the west coast), but no rimu. Rocky summit pinnacles have the sub alpine species
723:
719:
698:
366:
336:
around 800 years ago. Early names bestowed on the mountain included Paewhenua (the land barrier, given by
242:
849:
There are numerous tracks to the summit. All the tracks are well signposted, with bright orange plastic
650:
627:
603:
595:
940:
792:
727:
706:
702:
686:
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614:-beech forest in the south. The park's latitude is the naturally occurring southern limit for kauri,
390:
312:. Pirongia's many peaks are basaltic cones created by successive volcanic eruptions between the late
1055:
Field Guide: Mount Pirongia - North Island's largest basaltic volcano Miscellaneous Publication 155B
824:
From Pirongia summit looking east. Mahaukura, Tirohanga and Tahuanui Tracks share this final section
340:) and Pukehoua (now given to a flank cone on the eastern side of the mountain). The present name is:
1985:
970:
958:
694:
658:
144:
2010:
1960:
1935:
1910:
1885:
1860:
795:
since 2019, using traps and goat, deer and pig hunters. About 1,000 goats were culled in 2021-22.
923:
valley to Kawhia Harbour. From the lookout there is a boardwalk and steps down and up to the hut.
731:
682:
646:
369:. During 2001 DoC had invited nominations for a working group. The Society evolved from a hui at
328:
The Māori people of the Tainui waka (Ngāti Maniapoto, Waikato Tainui, Ngāti Hikairo) have strong
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920:
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1218:"The Environmental Management of Pirongia Forest Park with a focus on the period since 1970"
1107:
982:
Pirongia was surveyed in 1884, when a very sketchy map was drawn. A trip to the summit from
966:
642:
122:
1257:"A channelized debris-avalanche deposit from Pirongia basaltic stratovolcano, New Zealand"
599:
294:
251:
129:
350:(a Tainui tupuna), who following the death of her husband Uenga (descendent of the ariki
332:-based links to Mount Pirongia. The mountain was first encountered after landfall of the
1489:
1133:
Geology of the Pirongia Volcano, Waikato:1:30,000 Geological Map in The Pirongia Volcano
637:
Bell Track boardwalk in pāhautea grove. It is gradually being extended towards The Cone.
1787:
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989:
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of Tirohanga and undulates with some chains, before merging with the Mahaukura Track.
2092:
866:
850:
745:
611:
426:
398:
373:
Marae on 20 April 2002. The Māori people have a strong connection to Mount Pirongia.
370:
297:
247:
195:
1002:
Between the Summit and The Cone, at the junction of the Bell and Hihikiwi Tracks, a
1334:"Operational Report for Possum Control in the Pirongia - Te Kauri (September 2020)"
1200:
804:
305:
108:
1111:
705:
replaces kohekohe at higher levels, until a change to upland forest (dominated by
409:
337:
1451:
Day walks of Waikato and King Country. Reed Publishing (NZ) Ltd, 2003, p. 56 - 61
965:
Walter Scott Reserve (1 hr 30 min loop track) was given to the Waikato Branch of
761:
662:
170:
156:
1320:
Day walks in New Zealand. 100 great tracks. Craig Potton Publishing, 2007, p.44
780:
447:
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215:
180:
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1187:
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summit on a clear day (see sunset photo). On the west side there are Aotea,
858:
854:
799:
drops in 2007, 2014 and 2020 were effective in reducing possum numbers. The
788:
784:
735:
591:
329:
308:. It rises to 959 m (3,146 ft) and is the highest peak around the
220:
163:
30:
1268:
765:
757:
753:
749:
488:
Current summit, also peripheral basaltic eruption 1.64 ± 0.13 Ma on flanks
355:
1156:
Day walks of Waikato and King Country. Reed Publishing (NZ) Ltd, 2003, p56
1166:
Board., New Zealand Geographic Board. New Zealand Lottery Grants (1990).
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was formed in 2002 as a result of deep-seated community interest in its
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built in 2015 has 20 bunks. An older hut with 6 bunks is next to it.
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The Tirohanga Track skirts the foot of the hornblende andesite dike
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Mount Pirongia is located 20 km (12 mi) to the west of
2035:(DOC), corporatename = New Zealand Department of Conservation.
947:
the 20 m (66 ft) long Kaniwhaniwha Cave, through the
837:
Blue Bill Stream bridge, where the Bell Track leaves the valley
657:
and a few other trees. The subcanopy has tree ferns, including
1812:"Report on the Surveys of New Zealand, for the Years 1883-84"
1404:"Over 1000 feral goats killed in recent pest control efforts"
1136:. Geoscience Society of New Zealand Wellington, New Zealand.
1429:"Pirongia Te Aroaro o Kahu Restoration Society | Mangakaraa"
1490:"Te Araroa - New Zealand's Trail - Waikato / King Country"
1836:"A Trip to the Top of The Pirongia. Daily Southern Cross"
510:
Collapse and peripheral basaltic eruption 2.03 ± 0.03 Ma
385:
and 8 km (5.0 mi) from the small settlement of
95:"Pirongia te aroaro o Kahu" - The scented pathway of Kahu
1294:"Pirongia Te Aroaro o Kahu Restoration Society | Plants"
1379:"Pirongia Te Aroaro o Kahu Restoration Society | Pests"
397:, being just 25 km (16 mi) from the coast at
1130:
McLeod, OE; Pittari, A; Brenna, M; Briggs, RM (2020).
1203:
Pirongia Te Aroaro o Kahu Restoration Society website
2037:"Pahautea Hut: Pirongia Forest Park, Waikato region"
1936:"A Ladys Experience on Pirongia. New Zealand Herald"
1541:"Pirongia summit via Mahaukura and Tirohanga Tracks"
1061:. Geoscience Society of New Zealand. pp. 1−18.
845:
Hihikiwi summit and Ōpārau valley to Kawhia Harbour
499:Collapse volume 3.3 km (0.79 cu mi)
258:
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91:
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16:Extinct volcano in Waikato district of New Zealand
853:and near the summit have recently been laid with
363:Pirongia Te Aroaro o Kahu Restoration Society Inc
1616:"Pirongia summit via Bell & Tahuanui Tracks"
1261:Geological Society, London, Special Publications
1201:http://www.mtpirongia.org.nz/NewFiles/about.html
764:. In 2019 funding was won for reintroduction of
442:, a major rift-related depression bound by the
645:in the podocarp forest of the lower slopes is
462:but are not found elsewhere in New Zealand.
1100:New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics
1086:
1084:
8:
1961:"An ascent of Pirongia Mountain. Waipa Post"
1125:
1123:
1121:
361:To preserve the heritage of Mount Pirongia,
857:(see photo below), some of them as part of
341:
1021:List of mountains of New Zealand by height
801:Pirongia-aroaro-o-Kahu Restoration Society
20:
1986:"Te Korero for Boy Scouts. Auckland Star"
1255:McLeod, Oliver Emerson; Pittari, Adrian.
1047:
1045:
1043:
1041:
464:
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610:forest of the north and the beech and
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7:
1664:"Pirongia summit via Hihikiwi Track"
1211:
1209:
932:There are also lower level tracks -
807:on the north east side of Pirongia.
1736:"Nikau Walk and Kaniwhaniwha Caves"
1911:"PIRONGIA MOUNTAIN. Waikato Times"
1517:"Wharauroa and Mahaukura Lookouts"
14:
993:View from 2015 hut looking south.
783:have been controlled since 1996,
393:. It is clearly visible from the
1763:"Walter Scott Reserve, Pirongia"
1172:. New Zealand Geographic Board.
1016:List of volcanoes in New Zealand
433:chain which extends inland from
343:"Te Pirongia o Te Aroaro ō Kahu"
82:175 km (68 sq mi)
29:
2011:"Climbing Pirongia. Waipa Post"
1886:"Pirongia Mountain. Waipa Post"
1216:Martin Fisher (28 April 2014).
1052:Lowe, D.J.; Pittari, A (2019).
962:Walter Scott Reserve loop track
2104:Stratovolcanoes of New Zealand
1861:"PIRONGIA. New Zealand Herald"
1589:"Kaniwhaniwha: Kahikatea tree"
1355:"Successful applications 2019"
425:Mount Pirongia is the largest
279:North Island Surface Volcanism
1:
1112:10.1080/00288306.2021.1915343
1026:Pirongia Forest Park brochure
1469:"Pirongia and Raglan Tracks"
2124:Pleistocene stratovolcanoes
581:near Pāhautea Hut at sunset
450:basalt) that also occur on
61:37°59′35.19″S 175°5′52.27″E
2140:
744:Commonly found birds are:
590:Threatened plants include
521:2.30 ± 0.005 Ma Hikurangi
51:959 m (3,146 ft)
35:Mt. Pirongia, 4 April 2008
2015:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
1990:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
1965:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
1940:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
1915:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
1890:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
1865:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
1840:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
1816:paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
268:
109:North Island, New Zealand
28:
2109:Pliocene stratovolcanoes
2075:37.991077°S 175.089243°E
1767:www.forestandbird.org.nz
726:, and, near the summit,
431:Alexandra Volcanic Group
304:region of New Zealand's
74:13 km (8.1 mi)
1712:"Mangakara Nature Walk"
1688:"Corcoran Road Lookout"
1232:"Pahautea Hut, Waikato"
466:Pirongia event history
134:NZMS 260 S15 Te Awamutu
2080:-37.991077; 175.089243
1788:"Walter Scott Reserve"
1269:10.1144/sp520-2020-222
994:
963:
846:
838:
825:
638:
582:
422:
414:
367:ecological restoration
342:
992:
961:
844:
836:
823:
636:
604:Dactylanthus taylorii
577:
420:
412:
264:1.6 million years ago
2119:Volcanoes of Waikato
2099:Mountains of Waikato
579:Central plateau from
571:office in Hamilton.
391:Pirongia Forest Park
2071: /
1992:. 28 September 1932
1967:. 16 September 1913
1494:www.teararoa.org.nz
1433:pirongiarestoration
1383:pirongiarestoration
1298:pirongiarestoration
893:hornblende andesite
467:
92:English translation
1640:"Hihikiwi Lookout"
995:
964:
847:
839:
826:
639:
583:
465:
423:
415:
389:, and lies in the
41:Highest point
2114:Extinct volcanoes
2017:. 4 November 1935
1917:. 26 January 1924
1892:. 2 February 1922
1867:. 1 February 1879
1565:"Ruapane Lookout"
1410:. 24 October 2022
1143:978-0-473-52832-4
1068:978-0-473-49901-3
803:has a network of
649:, with scattered
602:and Wood Rose or
556:
555:
318:early Pleistocene
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1478:. December 2016.
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1106:(2–3): 250–272.
1097:
1088:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1075:
1060:
1049:
673:(porokaiwhiri),
536:2.396 ± 0.005 Ma
468:
444:Waipa Fault Zone
345:
237:
166:
160:
123:Hakarimata Range
118:
33:
21:
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1942:. 11 April 1891
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1842:. 5 August 1876
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1514:
1507:
1498:
1496:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1471:
1467:
1466:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1437:
1435:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1413:
1411:
1402:
1401:
1397:
1388:
1386:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1363:
1361:
1359:www.doc.govt.nz
1353:
1352:
1348:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1324:
1319:
1312:
1303:
1301:
1292:
1291:
1282:
1273:
1271:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1240:
1238:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1215:
1214:
1207:
1199:
1195:
1180:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1144:
1129:
1128:
1119:
1095:
1090:
1089:
1082:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1058:
1051:
1050:
1039:
1034:
1012:
1000:
980:
967:Forest and Bird
930:
875:Raglan harbours
831:
818:
813:
791:since 2006 and
774:
734:and eyebright (
600:thismia rodwayi
588:
561:
515:2.25 to 2.13 Ma
493:Approx. 1.65 Ma
407:
379:
326:
300:located in the
284:
283:
282:
236:
235:
234:
233:
228:
223:
218:
213:
208:
203:
198:
193:
188:
183:
178:
173:
161:
150:
149:
116:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2137:
2135:
2127:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2091:
2090:
2053:
2052:
2027:
2002:
1977:
1952:
1927:
1902:
1877:
1852:
1827:
1803:
1792:iNaturalist NZ
1779:
1751:
1727:
1703:
1679:
1655:
1631:
1604:
1580:
1556:
1532:
1505:
1481:
1453:
1444:
1420:
1395:
1370:
1346:
1322:
1310:
1280:
1247:
1223:
1205:
1193:
1178:
1158:
1149:
1142:
1117:
1080:
1067:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1011:
1008:
999:
996:
979:
976:
975:
974:
955:
952:
944:
937:
929:
926:
925:
924:
916:
912:
904:
903:
902:
889:
888:
887:
863:Mount Taranaki
830:
827:
817:
814:
812:
809:
773:
770:
587:
584:
560:
557:
554:
553:
551:
548:
547:2.54 to 2.418
544:
543:
540:
537:
533:
532:
530:
527:
523:
522:
519:
516:
512:
511:
508:
505:
501:
500:
497:
494:
490:
489:
486:
483:
482:1.60 ± 0.04 Ma
479:
478:
475:
472:
440:Hamilton Basin
406:
403:
378:
375:
325:
322:
310:Waikato plains
291:Mount Pirongia
286:
285:
271:
270:
269:
266:
265:
262:
256:
255:
245:
239:
238:
231:
230:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
169:
168:
162:2.54–1.6
147:
141:
140:
136:
135:
132:
126:
125:
120:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
72:
68:
67:
63:
62:
59:
53:
52:
49:
43:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
24:Mount Pirongia
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2136:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2087:
2084:
2042:
2038:
2031:
2028:
2016:
2012:
2006:
2003:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1966:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1928:
1916:
1912:
1906:
1903:
1891:
1887:
1881:
1878:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1853:
1841:
1837:
1831:
1828:
1817:
1813:
1807:
1804:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1768:
1764:
1758:
1756:
1752:
1741:
1737:
1731:
1728:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1704:
1693:
1689:
1683:
1680:
1669:
1665:
1659:
1656:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1632:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1570:
1566:
1560:
1557:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1533:
1522:
1518:
1512:
1510:
1506:
1495:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1477:
1470:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1448:
1445:
1434:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1409:
1405:
1399:
1396:
1384:
1380:
1374:
1371:
1360:
1356:
1350:
1347:
1342:
1335:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1299:
1295:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1251:
1248:
1237:
1233:
1227:
1224:
1219:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1179:0-477-00049-5
1175:
1171:
1170:
1162:
1159:
1153:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1094:
1087:
1085:
1081:
1070:
1064:
1057:
1056:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1031:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1007:
1005:
997:
991:
987:
985:
978:Track history
977:
972:
968:
960:
956:
953:
950:
945:
942:
938:
935:
934:
933:
927:
922:
917:
913:
909:
905:
900:
899:
897:
894:
890:
884:
883:
880:
879:
878:
876:
872:
868:
867:Mount Ruapehu
864:
860:
856:
852:
843:
835:
829:Summit tracks
828:
822:
815:
810:
808:
806:
805:bait stations
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
771:
769:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
742:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
716:Hall's totara
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
635:
631:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
585:
580:
576:
572:
570:
566:
558:
552:
549:
546:
545:
541:
538:
535:
534:
531:
528:
526:2.35 ± 0.2 Ma
525:
524:
520:
517:
514:
513:
509:
506:
503:
502:
498:
495:
492:
491:
487:
484:
481:
480:
476:
473:
470:
469:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
436:
432:
428:
427:stratovolcano
419:
411:
404:
402:
400:
399:Aotea Harbour
396:
392:
388:
384:
376:
374:
372:
368:
364:
359:
357:
353:
349:
344:
339:
335:
331:
323:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
298:stratovolcano
296:
292:
280:
276:
267:
263:
261:
260:Last eruption
257:
253:
249:
248:Stratovolcano
246:
244:
243:Mountain type
240:
227:
222:
217:
212:
207:
202:
197:
192:
187:
182:
177:
172:
165:
158:
154:
148:
146:
142:
137:
133:
131:
127:
124:
121:
119:
113:
110:
107:
103:
98:
94:
90:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
64:
60:
58:
54:
50:
48:
44:
39:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2056:
2044:. Retrieved
2040:
2030:
2019:. Retrieved
2014:
2005:
1994:. Retrieved
1989:
1980:
1969:. Retrieved
1964:
1955:
1944:. Retrieved
1939:
1930:
1919:. Retrieved
1914:
1905:
1894:. Retrieved
1889:
1880:
1869:. Retrieved
1864:
1855:
1844:. Retrieved
1839:
1830:
1819:. Retrieved
1815:
1806:
1795:. Retrieved
1791:
1782:
1771:. Retrieved
1769:. 2018-05-10
1766:
1743:. Retrieved
1739:
1730:
1719:. Retrieved
1715:
1706:
1695:. Retrieved
1691:
1682:
1671:. Retrieved
1667:
1658:
1647:. Retrieved
1643:
1634:
1623:. Retrieved
1619:
1596:. Retrieved
1592:
1583:
1572:. Retrieved
1568:
1559:
1548:. Retrieved
1544:
1535:
1524:. Retrieved
1520:
1497:. Retrieved
1493:
1484:
1475:
1447:
1436:. Retrieved
1432:
1423:
1412:. Retrieved
1407:
1398:
1387:. Retrieved
1382:
1373:
1362:. Retrieved
1358:
1349:
1340:
1302:. Retrieved
1297:
1272:. Retrieved
1260:
1250:
1239:. Retrieved
1235:
1226:
1196:
1168:
1161:
1152:
1132:
1103:
1099:
1072:. Retrieved
1054:
1001:
981:
969:in 1963 and
931:
928:Lower tracks
848:
800:
775:
772:Pest control
743:
739:
640:
596:carmine rātā
589:
562:
504:Approx. 2 Ma
474:Deposit name
435:Mount Karioi
424:
380:
362:
360:
356:rongoā rākau
348:Kahupekapeka
327:
306:North Island
290:
289:
117:Parent range
18:
2078: /
2066:175°05′21″E
1236:NZ Topo Map
865:summit and
732:snow tōtara
722:, rātā and
334:Tainui waka
275:monogenetic
157:Pleistocene
145:Age of rock
57:Coordinates
2093:Categories
2063:37°59′28″S
2046:2016-03-27
2021:2023-09-02
1996:2023-09-02
1971:2023-09-02
1946:2023-09-02
1921:2023-08-31
1896:2023-09-02
1871:2023-08-31
1846:2023-08-31
1821:2023-09-02
1797:2023-09-02
1773:2023-09-02
1745:2023-09-02
1721:2023-09-02
1697:2023-09-02
1673:2023-09-01
1649:2023-09-01
1625:2023-09-01
1598:2023-09-02
1574:2023-09-01
1550:2023-09-01
1526:2023-09-01
1499:2016-03-27
1438:2023-09-02
1414:2023-09-01
1389:2023-09-01
1364:2023-09-01
1304:2023-09-01
1274:2023-01-19
1241:2023-09-01
1074:2023-03-25
1032:References
855:boardwalks
811:Recreation
789:black rats
746:pīwakawaka
711:tawheowheo
691:hangehange
685:(kareao),
683:supplejack
671:pigeonwood
667:nikau palm
448:ankaramite
395:Tasman Sea
383:Te Awamutu
371:Pūrekireki
66:Dimensions
1188:945230809
949:limestone
908:kahikatea
859:Te Araroa
793:mustelids
738:revoluta)
736:Euphrasia
592:king fern
550:Paewhenua
539:Mahaukura
377:Geography
338:Rakātaura
330:whakapapa
155:to early
100:Geography
47:Elevation
1010:See also
984:Pirongia
971:gazetted
851:waymarks
762:kārearea
728:pāhautea
724:horopito
699:toropapa
655:kohekohe
620:mairehau
612:podocarp
565:red deer
559:Land use
518:Hiwikiwi
507:Hiwikiwi
485:Pirongia
477:Comment
456:Kakepuku
387:Pirongia
314:Pliocene
153:Pliocene
130:Topo map
105:Location
915:summit.
911:summit.
777:Possums
679:pukatea
669:, with
628:taraire
616:mangeao
586:Ecology
529:Ruapane
460:Te Kawa
429:in the
405:Geology
352:Hoturoa
324:History
302:Waikato
295:extinct
252:extinct
232:↓
139:Geology
1408:1 News
1385:. 2016
1300:. 2016
1186:
1176:
1140:
1065:
941:kāmahi
921:Ōpārau
871:Kawhia
816:Tracks
766:kōkako
758:kererū
750:kōtare
707:kāmahi
695:kanono
665:, and
643:canopy
624:tāwari
496:Oparau
452:Karioi
293:is an
87:Naming
1472:(PDF)
1337:(PDF)
1096:(PDF)
1059:(PDF)
943:bush.
886:bush.
785:brown
781:goats
687:māhoe
675:hīnau
663:ponga
659:wheki
608:kauri
151:late
71:Width
1184:OCLC
1174:ISBN
1138:ISBN
1063:ISBN
896:dike
873:and
797:1080
787:and
779:and
760:and
720:miro
703:Rātā
697:and
661:and
651:rimu
647:tawa
641:The
626:and
471:Time
458:and
316:and
171:PreꞒ
79:Area
1476:DoC
1341:EPA
1265:doi
1108:doi
1004:hut
998:Hut
754:tūī
569:DoC
2095::
2039:.
2013:.
1988:.
1963:.
1938:.
1913:.
1888:.
1863:.
1838:.
1814:.
1790:.
1765:.
1754:^
1738:.
1714:.
1690:.
1666:.
1642:.
1618:.
1607:^
1591:.
1567:.
1543:.
1519:.
1508:^
1492:.
1474:.
1456:^
1431:.
1406:.
1381:.
1357:.
1339:.
1325:^
1313:^
1296:.
1283:^
1263:.
1259:.
1234:.
1208:^
1182:.
1120:^
1104:64
1102:.
1098:.
1083:^
1040:^
877:.
768:.
756:,
752:,
748:,
718:,
709:,
701:.
693:,
689:,
681:,
677:,
653:,
630:.
622:,
618:,
598:,
594:,
454:,
401:.
221:Pg
167:)
164:Ma
2049:.
2024:.
1999:.
1974:.
1949:.
1924:.
1899:.
1874:.
1849:.
1824:.
1800:.
1776:.
1748:.
1724:.
1700:.
1676:.
1652:.
1628:.
1601:.
1577:.
1553:.
1529:.
1502:.
1441:.
1417:.
1392:.
1367:.
1343:.
1307:.
1277:.
1267::
1244:.
1220:.
1190:.
1146:.
1114:.
1110::
1077:.
951:.
740:.
281:.
254:)
250:(
226:N
216:K
211:J
206:T
201:P
196:C
191:D
186:S
181:O
176:Ꞓ
159:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
