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To evaluate the effectiveness of six projected symbols (skull-and-crossbones, red stop sign, and four others), tests were conducted at day care centers. Children in the program rated Mr. Yuk as the most unappealing image. By contrast, children rated the skull-and-crossbones to be the most appealing.
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The design and color were chosen when
Moriarty used focus groups of young children to determine which combination was the most unappealing. Possible expressions were "mad" (crossed eyes and intense expression), "dead" (a sunken mouth and Xs for eyes), and "sick" (a sour expression with the tongue
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At least two peer-reviewed medical studies (Fergusson 1982, Vernberg 1984) have suggested that Mr. Yuk stickers do not effectively keep children away from potential poisons and may even attract children. Specifically, Vernberg and colleagues note concerns for using the stickers to protect young
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sticking out). Children were asked to rank the faces according to which they liked the best, along with the skull and crossbones, and the "sick" face was least popular. The shade of fluorescent green that was chosen was christened "Yucky!" by a young child and gave the design its name.
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Given the evidence regarding the campaign's effectiveness, some poison control centers no longer distribute Mr. Yuk stickers. However, as of May 2024, other poison control centers, such as the
Pittsburgh Poison Center continue to offer stickers.
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In 1971 the
Pittsburgh Poison Centre issued the Mr. Yuk sticker. Over the next few years, Mr. Yuk stickers were used nationwide to promote poison centres in the United States of America. The stickers usually contained phone numbers of
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children. Fergusson and colleagues state that "the method may be effective with older children or as an adjunct to an integrated poisoning prevention campaign".
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To help children learn to avoid ingesting poisons, Mr. Yuk was conceived by
Richard Moriarty, a pediatrician and clinical professor of pediatrics at the
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later said that by the 1970s the symbol was "associated with swashbuckling pirates and buccaneers rather than with harmful substances."
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Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ, Beautrais AL, Shannon FT. (1982). "A controlled field trial of a poisoning prevention method".
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who founded the
Pittsburgh Poison Center and the National Poison Center Network. Moriarty felt that the traditional
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Vernberg K, Culver-Dickinson P, Spyker DA. (1984). "The deterrent effect of poison-warning stickers".
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has occurred or is suspected. Usually, Mr. Yuk stickers carried the national toll-free number
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410:"Mr. Yuk: A retired poison prevention icon | Northern New England Poison Center"
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representing poison was no longer appropriate for children; Congressman
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A Mr. Yuk graphic with the phone number for
American Poison Control
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Original Mr.Yuk Public
Service Announcement On YouTube
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Center for
Emergency Medicine of Western Pennsylvania
391:"Mr. Yuk - Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC"
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Gaulton, Tom; Wyke, Stacey; Collins, Samuel (2018).
196:. Carnegie Museum of Natural History. Archived from
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434:"Learn About Mr. Yuk from Pittsburgh Poison Center"
102:was also produced in 1971 featuring a theme song.
1273:Public service announcements of the United States
123:Mr. Yuk and his graphic rendering are registered
365:Rice, J. Berg (2012). Salvendy, Gavriel (ed.).
278:Chemical Health Threats: Assessing and Alerting
895:University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC)
466:American Association of Poison Control Centers
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57:The 1970s Mr. Yuk Public Service Announcement
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471:Acceptable Labelling on Pesticide Containers
280:. Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 165.
63:University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
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302:American Journal of Diseases of Children
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369:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 1479.
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16:Label that indicates poisonous material
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1268:Public service announcement characters
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32:UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh
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1166:List of UPMC buildings in Pittsburgh
224:Potter, Chris (September 16, 2004).
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257:"Yeech! It's Mr. Yuk, He's Poison!"
1191:Health and Rehabilitation Sciences
920:UPMC Heart and Transplant Hospital
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395:Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh
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1136:UPMC Shadyside School of Nursing
1118:UPMC Polyclinic Medical Building
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1103:UPMC Sports Performance Complex
1263:Male characters in advertising
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950:Western Psychiatric Institute
438:UPMC | Life Changing Medicine
255:Fisher, Ken (June 25, 1973).
100:public service announcement
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1258:Symbols introduced in 1971
1108:UPMC Hillman Cancer Center
90:that may give guidance if
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820:combined statistical area
677:Colleges and universities
1182:University of Pittsburgh
702:Pittsburgh Parking Chair
461:Mr. Yuk Information Page
347:Washington Poison Center
771:2018 synagogue shooting
262:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
1278:Poison control centers
1227:UPMC Cooper Fieldhouse
933:Magee Women's Hospital
408:Melissa (2013-04-02).
88:poison control centers
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1283:Culture of Pittsburgh
981:Community Osteopathic
810:Notable Pittsburghers
231:Pittsburgh City Paper
174:Poison control center
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631:Allegheny Conference
67:skull and crossbones
925:Children's Hospital
641:Chamber of Commerce
307:, 1018–1020.
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731:Fictional settings
512:City of Pittsburgh
352:2008-11-09 at the
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778:Pittsburgh toilet
573:District Attorney
533:Convention Center
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200:on March 15, 2013
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38:if ingested.
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1220:Sponsorships
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1146:STAT Medevac
1128:Forbes Tower
1055:Williamsport
946:St. Margaret
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707:Picklesburgh
687:cookie table
670:Other topics
646:Corporations
441:. Retrieved
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417:. Retrieved
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237:December 11,
235:. Retrieved
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204:February 14,
202:. Retrieved
198:the original
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139:Modern usage
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1175:Affiliation
827:Skyscrapers
1288:Pictograms
1252:Categories
1046:West Shore
1039:Washington
1018:McKeesport
1015:Lock Haven
999:Harrisburg
975:Chautauqua
942:Montefiore
903:Pittsburgh
744:television
543:Courthouse
520:Government
443:2024-05-30
419:2024-05-30
325:Pediatrics
180:References
125:trademarks
71:Bill Coyne
1237:UPMC Park
1073:Ireland (
1043:Wellsboro
1027:Northwest
805:Nicknames
785:Hospitals
697:Green Man
598:Education
588:Libraries
538:City Hall
119:Licensing
92:poisoning
42:Objective
36:poisonous
1293:Stickers
1206:Pharmacy
1196:Medicine
1075:Aut Even
1034:Somerset
1021:Memorial
972:Carlisle
958:Regional
851:Category
761:timeline
735:Filming
656:HYP Club
613:Regional
563:InterGov
350:Archived
164:Mr. Ouch
154:Emoticon
148:See also
1201:Nursing
1156:Mr. Yuk
1084:Italy (
1079:Kildare
1006:Jameson
995:Hanover
969:Bedford
965:Altoona
795:Museums
751:History
714:Dialect
692:theatre
682:Culture
623:Economy
593:Transit
578:Sheriff
553:Council
528:Airport
336:7079005
313:6496418
131:of the
81:History
28:Mr. Yuk
1086:ISMETT
1012:Lititz
987:Greene
832:Sports
815:Region
719:Yinzer
568:Police
558:Events
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169:Smiley
1024:Muncy
991:Hamot
938:Mercy
790:Media
739:films
603:Parks
548:Mayor
1009:Kane
984:East
978:Cole
756:name
726:Flag
608:Port
583:Fire
371:ISBN
332:PMID
309:PMID
282:ISBN
239:2015
206:2013
127:and
305:138
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
