375:. The study included DNA samples from the Bonaire animals, museum specimens of Nubian wild asses, sequences from four Somali wild asses, and a sequence from one Domestic donkey, used as a control. The results found that the Bonaire animals were very close to known pure Nubian wild asses and very different from other asses. However, research published in 2010 found that modern donkeys are descended from two lineages of wild ass, one being Nubian and the other being of unknown ancestry. This being the case, the fact that only one donkey was used in the test suggests that the findings are rather inconclusive. For more conclusive results to be found, more testing must be completed with a larger group of donkeys. Additionally, the analysis was a result of an outcry over the government of Bonaire planning a
345:
84:
59:
466:(1866). "Systematische Übersicht der Säugethiere Nordost-Afrika’s mit Einschluß der arabischen Küste, des rothen Meeres, der Somáli- und der Nilquellen-Länder, südwärts bis zum vierten Grade nördlicher Breite. Von Dr Theodor v. Heuglin. Nach brieflichen Mittheilungen und den Original-Exemplaren des Herrn Verfassers ergänzt und mit Zusätzen versehen von dem w. M. Dr Leopold Joseph Fitzinger".
31:
360:. The last sighting of wild asses in the animal's native range were in the 1970s, in Eritrea's Barka Valley and the border between Eritrea and Sudan, during aerial flights. Similar to the decline of the Somali wild ass, the Nubian wild ass's extinction can largely be attributed to hunting, competition with
614:
Kimura, Birgitta; Marshall, Fiona B.; Chen, Shanyuan; Rosenbom, Sónia; Moehlman, Patricia D.; Tuross, Noreen; Sabin, Richard C.; Peters, Joris; Barich, Barbara; Yohannes, Hagos; Kebede, Fanuel; Teclai, Redae; Beja-Pereira, Albano; Mulligan, Connie J. (7 January 2011).
304:, ranging from 182-245mm in length. These animals also possessed the "cross-pattern" famous in domestic donkeys but absent in the Somali subspecies, and lacked the "zebra-stripe-pattern" on the legs as found in Somali specimens.
1625:
664:
1655:
1545:
1571:
424:
390:
and Sudan, is claimed to be home to a wild population of Nubian wild asses. However, the purity of the animals in question has yet to be studied.
483:
1635:
598:
588:
1645:
711:
1576:
344:
672:
63:
1640:
1109:
379:
of the feral animals, leading to the possibility of the results being slightly biased towards shutting down the cull.
371:
In 2014–2015, a mitochondrial DNA analysis was conducted on a population of feral donkeys on the
Caribbean island of
1470:
1650:
1630:
39:
83:
1487:
1460:
513:
192:
1375:
1597:
1263:
1231:
1223:
980:
1383:
617:"Ancient DNA from Nubian and Somali wild ass provides insights into donkey ancestry and domestication"
1433:
1367:
1335:
1255:
1247:
1271:
1311:
1100:
1065:
1029:
704:
540:
459:
265:
209:
48:
1135:
1123:
442:
415:
1401:
1359:
1351:
1327:
1239:
820:
222:
78:
1602:
1056:
491:
1519:
1441:
867:
646:
594:
463:
213:
1417:
1074:
1038:
848:
750:
636:
628:
437:
365:
269:
169:
1584:
1343:
1295:
1279:
839:
830:
792:
301:
273:
1425:
1390:
1319:
1287:
1212:
1088:
1047:
922:
904:
857:
783:
697:
641:
616:
135:
1619:
1197:
1164:
913:
895:
721:
329:
313:
155:
68:
1524:
1409:
1303:
1205:
1007:
518:
1558:
1465:
949:
565:
383:
357:
321:
289:
277:
30:
1510:
689:
1532:
361:
300:
According to Groves & Chubb, Nubian wild asses had longer ears than the
281:
95:
650:
632:
356:
The Nubian wild ass has not been seen since the 1950s-70s and is presumed
1589:
1504:
115:
1550:
1455:
1174:
376:
372:
349:
333:
325:
285:
145:
1563:
1020:
998:
971:
806:
773:
741:
276:, which was domesticated about 6,000 years ago. It is presumed to be
125:
105:
1481:
1537:
1159:
961:
940:
881:
387:
343:
317:
470:, Abt. 1. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse 54: 537-611.
1169:
433:
1485:
693:
468:
Sitzungsberichte der
Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften
621:
Proceedings of the Royal
Society B: Biological Sciences
414:
Moehlman, P.D.; Kebede, F. & Yohannes, H. (2015).
665:"Are the Bonaire donkeys the last wild Nubian asses?"
280:, though two populations potentially survive on the
1494:
1183:
1152:
1122:
1087:
1006:
997:
948:
939:
880:
805:
749:
740:
590:
Somaliland: With Addis Ababa & Eastern
Ethiopia
478:
476:
705:
443:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T7949A45170994.en
8:
1626:IUCN Red List critically endangered species
1482:
1003:
945:
746:
712:
698:
690:
57:
29:
20:
640:
441:
425:The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
399:
566:"Some remarks on the African wild ass"
514:"Donkey's Wild Ass Ancestor Confirmed"
409:
407:
405:
403:
7:
512:Wynne Parry, Wynne (July 29, 2010).
364:for limited desert resources, and
272:, and one of the ancestors of the
14:
1656:Taxa named by Theodor von Heuglin
340:Extinction and potential survival
82:
312:Nubian wild asses lived in the
348:Possible Nubian wild asses on
16:Subspecies of African wild ass
1:
587:Briggs, Philip (2011-12-19).
671:. 2015-02-26. Archived from
564:van Bemmel, A. C. V (1972).
1110:Hartmann's mountain zebra (
795:Equus africanus somaliensis
732:Extinct species are marked
1672:
1471:Domestication of the horse
870:Equus hemionus hydruntinus
786:Equus africanus atlanticus
541:"Nubain Wild Ass in Zoos?"
368:with the Domestic donkey.
1636:Mammals described in 1866
1496:Equus africanus africanus
1451:
807:Onager / Asiatic wild ass
767:Equus africanus africanus
730:
261:Equus africanus africanus
228:
221:
202:Equus africanus africanus
198:
191:
79:Scientific classification
77:
55:
46:
37:
28:
23:
570:Zoologische Mededelingen
384:Gebel Elba National Park
308:Habitat and distribution
1646:Mammals of North Africa
1032:Equus quagga burchellii
983:Equus ferus przewalskii
833:Equus hemionus hemippus
823:Equus hemionus hemionus
593:. Bradt Travel Guides.
1461:Evolution of the horse
1112:Equus zebra hartmannae
1068:Equus quagga crawshayi
882:Kiang/Tibetan wild ass
776:Equus africanus asinus
633:10.1098/rspb.2010.0708
353:
241:Equus asinus africanus
232:Equus africanus dianae
1598:Paleobiology Database
1101:Cape mountain zebra (
1059:Equus quagga chapmani
1050:Equus quagga borensis
916:Equus kiang holdereri
860:Equus hemionus onager
720:Species of the genus
386:, near the border of
347:
64:Critically Endangered
1077:Equus quagga selousi
981:Przewalski's horse (
964:Equus ferus caballus
925:Equus kiang polyodon
851:Equus hemionus kulan
821:Mongolian wild ass (
436:: e.T7949A45170994.
184:E. a. africanus
1641:Herbivorous mammals
1376:Equus parastylidens
1041:Equus quagga boehmi
1023:Equus quagga quagga
868:European wild ass (
842:Equus hemionus khur
484:"EDGE of Existence"
320:, from east of the
266:nominate subspecies
49:Conservation status
38:Nubian wild ass at
1402:Equus semiplicatus
1393:Equus simplicidens
1360:Equus occidentalis
1352:Equus niobrarensis
1328:Equus mauritanicus
1240:Equus conversidens
1213:Giant Cape zebra (
1066:Crawshay's zebra (
1030:Burchell's zebra (
849:Turkmenian kulan (
354:
1613:
1612:
1488:Taxon identifiers
1479:
1478:
1442:Equus yunnanensis
1264:Equus dalianensis
1232:Equus complicatus
1224:Equus cedralensis
1148:
1147:
1103:Equus zebra zebra
1057:Chapman's zebra (
993:
992:
974:Equus ferus ferus
935:
934:
898:Equus kiang kiang
840:Indian wild ass (
831:Syrian wild ass (
793:Somali wild ass (
765:Nubian wild ass (
488:EDGE of Existence
328:and south to the
252:
251:
246:
237:
170:E. africanus
72:
1663:
1651:Mammals of Sudan
1631:African wild ass
1606:
1605:
1593:
1592:
1580:
1579:
1567:
1566:
1554:
1553:
1541:
1540:
1528:
1527:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1483:
1418:Equus sivalensis
1391:Hagerman horse (
1384:Equus pectinatus
1089:Mountain zebra (
1048:Maneless zebra (
1004:
946:
923:Southern kiang (
905:Northern kiang (
858:Persian onager (
784:Atlas wild ass (
751:African wild ass
747:
714:
707:
700:
691:
684:
683:
681:
680:
661:
655:
654:
644:
611:
605:
604:
584:
578:
577:
561:
555:
554:
552:
551:
537:
531:
530:
528:
526:
509:
503:
502:
500:
499:
490:. Archived from
480:
471:
458:
454:
448:
447:
445:
411:
316:of northeastern
270:African wild ass
244:
235:
204:
87:
86:
66:
61:
60:
33:
24:Nubian wild ass
21:
1671:
1670:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1609:
1601:
1596:
1588:
1585:Observation.org
1583:
1575:
1570:
1562:
1557:
1549:
1544:
1536:
1531:
1523:
1518:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1490:
1480:
1475:
1447:
1434:Equus uralensis
1368:Equus pacificus
1344:Equus namadicus
1336:Equus mexicanus
1296:Equus giganteus
1280:Equus fraternus
1256:Equus cumminsii
1248:Equus crinidens
1185:
1179:
1144:
1136:Grévy's zebra (
1124:Grévy's zebra (
1118:
1083:
1075:Selous' zebra (
1039:Grant's zebra (
989:
931:
914:Eastern kiang (
907:Equus kiang chu
896:Western kiang (
883:
876:
808:
801:
755:Equus africanus
752:
736:
726:
718:
688:
687:
678:
676:
669:Natural History
663:
662:
658:
627:(1702): 50–57.
613:
612:
608:
601:
586:
585:
581:
563:
562:
558:
549:
547:
539:
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522:
511:
510:
506:
497:
495:
482:
481:
474:
464:Fitzinger L. J.
456:
455:
451:
418:Equus africanus
413:
412:
401:
396:
342:
310:
302:Somali wild ass
298:
274:domestic donkey
256:Nubian wild ass
243:
236:(Dollman, 1935)
234:
217:
206:
200:
187:
173:
81:
73:
62:
58:
51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1529:
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1500:
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1492:
1491:
1486:
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1476:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1437:
1429:
1426:Equus stenonis
1421:
1413:
1405:
1397:
1387:
1379:
1371:
1363:
1355:
1347:
1339:
1331:
1323:
1320:Equus lenensis
1315:
1307:
1299:
1291:
1288:Equus gallicus
1283:
1275:
1272:Equus excelsus
1267:
1259:
1251:
1243:
1235:
1227:
1219:
1215:Equus capensis
1209:
1201:
1192:
1190:
1181:
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1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1156:
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1120:
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1085:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1072:
1063:
1054:
1045:
1036:
1027:
1016:
1014:
1008:Plains zebra (
1001:
995:
994:
991:
990:
988:
987:
978:
968:
958:
956:
943:
937:
936:
933:
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902:
892:
890:
878:
877:
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864:
855:
846:
837:
827:
817:
815:
811:Equus hemionus
803:
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799:
790:
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771:
761:
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744:
738:
737:
731:
728:
727:
719:
717:
716:
709:
702:
694:
686:
685:
656:
606:
599:
579:
576:(21): 261–272.
556:
532:
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472:
449:
398:
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341:
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297:
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193:Trinomial name
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136:Perissodactyla
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1340:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1312:Equus latipes
1308:
1306:
1305:
1300:
1298:
1297:
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1290:
1289:
1284:
1282:
1281:
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1228:
1226:
1225:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1198:Equus alaskae
1194:
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1191:
1188:
1182:
1176:
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1171:
1168:
1166:
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865:
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675:on 2017-07-18
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600:9781841623719
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494:on 2016-12-25
493:
489:
485:
479:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
460:Heuglin Th. v
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369:
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366:hybridization
363:
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346:
339:
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332:and northern
331:
330:Atbarah River
327:
323:
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315:
314:Nubian Desert
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305:
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245:(Grubb, 2005)
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54:
50:
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1495:
1439:
1431:
1424:
1415:
1410:Equus scotti
1407:
1399:
1392:
1381:
1373:
1365:
1357:
1349:
1341:
1333:
1325:
1317:
1309:
1304:Equus lambei
1301:
1293:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1261:
1253:
1245:
1237:
1229:
1221:
1214:
1206:Equus andium
1203:
1195:
1186:
1137:
1125:
1111:
1102:
1090:
1076:
1067:
1058:
1049:
1040:
1031:
1022:
1010:Equus quagga
1009:
982:
973:
963:
951:
950:Wild horse (
924:
915:
906:
897:
885:
869:
859:
850:
841:
832:
822:
810:
794:
785:
775:
766:
764:
754:
733:
722:
677:. Retrieved
673:the original
668:
659:
624:
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609:
589:
582:
573:
569:
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548:. Retrieved
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178:Subspecies:
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1559:iNaturalist
1184:Prehistoric
1138:Equus grevy
1126:Equus grevy
1091:Equus zebra
952:Equus ferus
886:Equus kiang
525:15 November
457:(in German)
296:Description
210:von Heuglin
1620:Categories
1466:Wild horse
679:2017-09-21
550:2017-09-21
498:2017-09-21
394:References
322:Nile River
290:Gebel Elba
284:island of
40:Berlin Zoo
362:livestock
282:Caribbean
264:) is the
214:Fitzinger
164:Species:
102:Kingdom:
96:Eukaryota
1505:Wikidata
1021:Quagga (
972:Tarpan (
774:Donkey (
651:20667880
223:Synonyms
142:Family:
126:Mammalia
116:Chordata
112:Phylum:
106:Animalia
92:Domain:
69:IUCN 3.1
42:, 1899.
1551:8697171
1511:Q583920
1456:Equidae
1189:species
1175:Zebroid
1153:Hybrids
962:Horse (
642:2992715
545:ZooChat
373:Bonaire
358:extinct
350:Bonaire
334:Eritrea
326:Red Sea
324:to the
288:and in
286:Bonaire
278:extinct
216:, 1866)
152:Genus:
146:Equidae
132:Order:
122:Class:
67: (
1603:239422
1577:926234
1564:447366
1538:EQUUAF
999:Zebras
941:Horses
649:
639:
597:
462:&
212:&
1590:83393
1525:5H5GG
1187:Equus
1165:Kunga
1160:Hinny
742:Asses
723:Equus
388:Egypt
318:Sudan
157:Equus
1572:ITIS
1546:GBIF
1533:EPPO
1170:Mule
647:PMID
595:ISBN
527:2014
434:IUCN
430:2015
382:The
377:cull
254:The
1520:CoL
637:PMC
629:doi
625:278
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268:of
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