1102:
1078:
115:
1157:, and Amiruddin was unanimously elected as the new sultan of Tidore. In 1801, Amiruddin and the allied British freed Ternate from the Dutch. This marked the climax of Nuku's movement, and was one of the few victories of indigenous forces over Dutch colonial rule. However, Britain withdrew from Maluku in 1803, leaving Amiruddin to fend for himself. Amiruddin died in 1805. His brother and successor
44:
1069:
formally declared their submission and were assumed to support the VOC fleet proved to be defectors. One hundred and twenty ships from Maba, Patani and Papua appeared at Gane and Saketa. Captain Hairun, who was appointed by the VOC and other sangaji on board the ship, had defected to the rebel side. Two hundred
Ternate people were arrested.
1144:
In the second siege, a stronger force was placed in the vanguard after
Resident Farquhar concluded that he had no choice but to accept the help of the prince of Tidore. A traveling salesman named Captain Lynch was ordered to organize the Tidore troops, teaching them to fire 9-pound cannons. The siege
1068:
At the end of
September 1783, Van Dijk, European soldiers, and a number of native burghers were massacred by rebels on the island of Batanta. This situation was made worse by information that all the artillery on board the ship was distributed among Prince Nuku's followers. Papuans who had previously
1140:
In the first siege of
Ternate on January 22, 1801, British troops {under the command of Colonel Daniel Burr on the orders of Resident Farquhar) rejected an offer of assistance from Sultan Nuku, even though a large fleet of prahu and Kora-Kora had appeared at the anchorage under the command of Prince
1051:
In 1782 the Dutch increased their military campaign to crush the rebellion. In this year, the Ambon government launched at least three expeditions to various places in the region. In
February, under the command of Officer Johan Sigbrand Borgguits, a number of ships were sent to sail around the South
1024:
The first major battle in East Seram occurred in
Kilmuri, where Governor Van Pleuren's Hongi fleet was involved in armed contact with Prince Nuku's fleet (led by King Lukman of Kelihulu). After five hours of fighting, many of the prince's troops fled. Governor Van Pleuren's fleet burned 80 Kora-Kora
979:
On July 14, 1780, Toloa was finally attacked. In his efforts to expel the rebels, the
Governor of Ternate used the help of four kora-kora who brought along one hundred Europeans and the native Alifuru militia. About 30 Tidoreans were killed and the survivors fled inland. Only one Alifuru or European
970:
Records show that Prince Nuku did not need long to gather troops in the outskirts of Tidore. Since the attack on Toloa, relations between Tidore and the three governments (especially
Ternate) revolved around Prince Nuku's rebellion. Prince Nuku repeatedly attacked Dutch subjects, and in response the
929:
In 1781, Amiruddin declared that he bore the title "Sri Maha Tuan Sultan Amir
Muhammad Saifuddin Syah" ("The Great Overlord Sultan Amir Muhammad Saifuddin, the Shah"). Responding to this, the Dutch attacked and defeated Amiruddin's army, but they failed to catch Amiruddin himself. In 1783, the Dutch
997:
In the following months of 1780, Prince Nuku's troops attacked and plundered the
Nusatelu Islands (Drie Gebroeders), Amblau, Haia, and Luhu, capturing and enslaving 134 residents. Two European soldiers and eight native soldiers were injured in clashes near Kramat Di Buru. Many residents in Hatileng
1092:
On May 23, 1791, the peak of the battle occurred on Kataloka Beach. Two VOC flagships were burned. Captain Gobius was trapped in a small river between Ondor and Kataloka. Nuku and King Bessy's troops attacked Gobius' troops from two opposite directions. The captain, who had experience in European
1064:
Translator Coenraad Van Dijk was assigned to send an expedition to Gamrange and Raja Ampat Papua. He departed on 25 May 1783. On 25 September, the Governor received information that the Papuans had welcomed the Tidore fleet under Van Dijk's command. This sparked hope that the apparent cooperation
1042:
In May 1782, the rebels surprised the residents of Haruku Island at night, burning Helaliu, Kariu and Pelau. A number of Dutch subjects were captured or executed. The rebels then moved to Negeri Liang under Hila rule, destroying settlements there (including a VOC post in Loki and a Sago Factory).
1033:
Before the fleet could unite, 64 rebel ships ambushed them on Babi Island. A ship belonging to the king of Nusa Laut and three other ships along with all their weapons were captured. Gnatahoedij Mardika and Raja Soya drowned, and 29 other men also drowned or were killed or captured by the rebels.
1006:
In December 1781, together with a combined fleet of 160 ships the rebels attacked and looted Amahai, one of the villages under Saparua's rule. Even though one of Prince Nuku's captains was beheaded, the rebels managed to kill Sergeant Cornelis Stephanus and a European soldier who attacked them in
952:
was attacked and seized by the Dutch forces; however, Amiruddin managed to escape. Amiruddin then built a new base on the island of Gorong. He also initiated a positive relationship with Britain. After receiving armaments from Britain, Amiruddin's army attacked the Dutch, winning this battle. The
1055:
A second expedition launched in May proved a failure. During the third expedition, which took place between October 1782 and January 1783, Hongi visited most of the important settlements in Seram. Ambon's Governor Van Pleuren promised assistance to his subjects and pardoned those who chose to
1093:
wars, fell with a gunshot wound to the left thigh and a spear in the left stomach, dying on the spot. Hundreds of Gobius troops died on the coast of Gorom. Captain Walterbek followed to help but it was too late, while Admiral Straring withdrew his troops and returned to Banda.
913:
After the exile of Amiruddin's father, the Dutch appointed Kaicil Gay Jira as regent of the sultanate. Jira was later replaced by his son, Patra Alam; Amiruddin opposed this replacement. While Patra Alam ruled as Dutch-appointed sultan from 1780 to 1783, Amiruddin built a
1129:. According to Prince Nuku, conquering Bacan was an integral part of unifying Maluku. The political situation in Bacan during Prince Nuku's rebellion is unclear. In sources, there is no evidence of communication between Prince Nuku and the Sultan of Bacan or vice versa.
953:
Dutch then offered Amiruddin a position if he would negotiate with Sultan Kamaluddin; Amiruddin refused this proposition. Instead, he increased the frequency of his attacks against the Dutch, who were assisted by Kamaluddin's forces. In 1794, Kamaluddin's son
988:
In 1780, rebel troops attacked and looted Amblau, Haia, and Haitiling, as well as Sula and Besi as far as Bacan. They also attacked Selayar, Buton and Talaud at the northern tip of Sulawesi. During these attacks, more than 300 people were arrested.
1015:
The rebels then looted other countries in Saparua and attacked Hatuana in the northern part of the island. In early February 1782, they again attacked inland of Saparua and invaded Nusa Laut Island, burning Negeri Amet and killing a Dutch officer.
971:
Dutch invaded areas whose residents were considered supporters of Prince Nuku. The newly appointed Sultan of Patra Alam became powerless, almost completely overshadowed by the power of the Nuku prince over the outskirts of Tidore.
937:
and Tidore. In November of that year, Ternate helped the Dutch attack Tidore. In December, the Dutch enforced an agreement and appointed Sultan Hairul Alam Kamaluddin Kaicili Asgar, a prince exiled to
238:
1089:(Dutch: Gorong Oorlog), also called the Battle of Gorom, was part of the thirty-year war of Sultan Nuku from the Sultanate of Tidore. More than half of the Nuku War took place in East Seram.
1105:
Territories associated with Ternate (red) and Tidore (orange), and Tidore vassals (light orange), at the end of the VOC era. The extent of political influence shifted over the centuries.
1727:
1056:
surrender. However, the orangkaya and kings who were known as rebels were still detained and replaced by loyalists. Once again a number of villages were burned as an example.
957:, who had returned from exile, supported Amiruddin's effort. Several rulers of Papua also sided with him. In February 1795, Amiruddin's son Abdulgafur led a force to Tidore.
231:
1065:
would lead the Papuans to submit and ultimately abandon Prince Nuku. Later, on October 3, 1783, the Governor of Ternate received news from the expedition fleet itself.
933:
In October 1783, the Dutch post on Tidore was attacked by Amiruddin's force, and all the Europeans were killed. This intensified the rivalry between the kingdom of
649:
325:
684:
224:
1189:, was a failed leader in that he made some bad decisions. It was an effect of this rebellion and his mistakes that Tidore was defeated by the Dutch in 1810.
2632:
774:
749:
1720:
714:
699:
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was injured. Even though the Dutch won this battle, they finally had a crisis of confidence in Sultan Jamaludin, and appointed Patra Alam as Sultan.
877:. However, the movement was defeated after the demise of Nuku, and Maluku was restored under European rule. In 1995, Nuku was officially appointed a
669:
375:
1145:
lasted for two months before the Ternate government finally surrendered on June 21, 1801. However, Governor Cranssen refused to admit defeat.
1113:. They also gave limited assistance to Amiruddin to take control of Tidore Island on 12 April 1797, after surrounding the island with 79
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Nuku's rebel allies on Gorom Island are attacked by VOC forces under Colonel Gobius in May 1791, their village being set on fire.
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was driven out of Tidore by a renewed Dutch attack in 1806, and finally died in 1810 after a largely unsuccessful resistance.
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attacked Amiruddin's army again. The Dutch commander and most of his men were killed, and the survivors were captured.
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Seram Sea. When the fleet arrived there, the rebels had already fled. Villages supporting the rebels were destroyed.
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and caused significant damage to 44 other Kora-Kora. Governor Van Pleuren's troops also burned the village.
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in the struggle against the Dutch and was temporarily successful, helped by an alliance with the British
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1690:. Tanap Monographs on the History of Asian-European Interaction. Vol. 12. Leiden: Brill.
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in 1779. His junior kinsman was Kamaluddin who later became sultan and a rival of Nuku.
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120:
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The revolt of Prince Nuku: Cross-cultural alliance-making in Maluku, c. 1780-1810
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2005:
1955:
1810:
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The Revolt of Prince Nuku: Cross-Cultural Alliance-Making in Maluku, C.1780–1810
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2206:
2030:
1770:
1185:, though he passed away in 1805 when the revolt still ongoing. His successor,
2797:
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2242:
2196:
2171:
2151:
2126:
1970:
1141:
Mayor. The prince remained a short distance away during this failed attack.
915:
870:
664:
216:
1137:
After the Siege of Ternate, Sultan Nuku and his forces conquered Ternate.
2191:
2156:
1975:
1960:
1925:
1845:
754:
679:
2525:
2422:
2324:
2216:
2000:
1995:
1980:
1905:
1182:
934:
2319:
2201:
1990:
1174:
938:
890:
852:
1473:
Kekalahan Belanda oleh Sultan Nuku: Sejarah yang Sengaja Dihilangkan
2596:
1178:
1100:
1076:
949:
893:, in about 1738. His father was Sultan Jamaluddin, a ruler of the
1487:
Sejarah Sultan Nuku dari Tidore: Lord of Fortune Tak Terkalahkan
847:
between 1780 and 1810. It was initiated by the prince and later
1709:
220:
839:
was an anti-colonial movement that engulfed large parts of
1666:
Jejak-Jejak Pahlawan: Perekat Kesatuan Bangsa Indonesia
1125:
In 1780 Nuku aimed to conquer Bacan, a small island in
869:. The movement united several ethnic groups of eastern
1648:(3rd ed.). Stanford: Stanford University Press.
1201:
in 1995, via Presidential Decree number 071/TK/1995.
1274:
1272:
2625:
2544:
2518:
2487:
2446:
2405:
2379:
2343:
2312:
2251:
2235:
2064:
1743:
1169:The Nuku Rebellion was the successful revolt of
31:
1173:to get his Crown as Sultan after he conquered
1721:
232:
8:
1612:Nuku: Perjuangan kemerdekaan di Maluku Utara
1589:(Revised ed.). Jakarta: Kawan Pustaka.
1645:A History of Modern Indonesia Since C. 1200
1728:
1714:
1706:
1352:
239:
225:
217:
28:
1554:
1337:
1322:
1295:
1263:
984:Campaign of Halmahera and Sulawesi (1780)
1621:Kisah 124 Pahlawan dan Pejuang Nusantara
1607:. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
1348:
1346:
1310:
1566:
1333:
1331:
1306:
1304:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1278:
1251:
1231:
889:Nuku or Amiruddin was born in Soa Siu,
1047:Expedition to South Seram (1782-1783)
948:In 1787, Amiruddin's base in eastern
7:
1861:Ignatius Joseph Kasimo Hendrowahyono
49:Nuku, Sultan Muhammad Amiruddin Syah
37:Part of the Dutch colonial campaigns
1500:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p.121-125.
25:
1545:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p.71-136.
1454:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 87-88.
1373:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 81-82.
897:, who was arrested and exiled to
1684:Widjoyo, Muridan Satrio (2009).
1197:Amiruddin was awarded the title
1097:Reconquest Of Tidore (1796-1797)
861:(c. 1738 – 1805), also known as
113:
42:
2597:Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah
1536:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 123.
1527:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 123.
1518:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 122.
1509:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 122.
1427:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 229.
1382:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 190.
1133:Conquest Of Ternate (1798-1801)
1109:In 1796, British forces seized
1463:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 90.
1445:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 87.
1436:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 87.
1418:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 87.
1409:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 87.
1400:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 85.
1391:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 85.
1364:Muridan Widjojo (2009), p. 85.
1149:Second Phase of Nuku Rebellion
1:
1624:. Sleman: Pustaka Widyatama.
1216:Invasion of the Spice Islands
1060:Expedition to Gamrange (1783)
205:Muhammad Arif Bila of Jailolo
2884:National Heroes of Indonesia
2016:Sutan Mohammad Amin Nasution
1737:National Heroes of Indonesia
1038:Raid on Haruku Island (1782)
1029:Ambush at Babi Island (1782)
775:Lombok and Karangasem (1894)
2748:Machmud Singgirei Rumagesan
1603:Andaya, Leonard Y. (1993).
1586:Mengenal Pahlawan Indonesia
961:Course of hostile relations
2900:
2879:People from Maluku Islands
2828:Syech Yusuf Tajul Khalwati
2536:Wilhelmus Zakaria Johannes
1663:Sudarmanto, J. B. (2007).
1199:National Hero of Indonesia
966:Early conflict (1780-1781)
909:Fighting against the Dutch
879:National Hero of Indonesia
2733:I Gusti Ngurah Made Agung
2087:Andi Abdullah Bau Massepe
1896:Lambertus Nicodemus Palar
1781:Alexander Andries Maramis
1618:Komandoko, Gamal (2006).
1614:. Jakarta: Sinar Harapan.
263:
168:
103:
54:
41:
36:
2768:Martha Christina Tiahahu
2758:Mahmud Shah III of Johor
2433:Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro
2279:Donald Izacus Pandjaitan
2187:Soekanto Tjokrodiatmodjo
2046:Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto
2026:Sjafruddin Prawiranegara
1856:Ida Anak Agung Gde Agung
1121:Conquest of Bacan (1797)
1020:Battle of Kilmuri (1782)
526:South Africa (1659-1677)
521:New Netherland (1659–63)
461:New Netherland (1643–45)
159:Sultanate of Maguindanao
2773:Nuku Muhammad Amiruddin
2582:Albertus Soegijapranata
2459:Johannes Abraham Dimara
2222:Robert Wolter Mongisidi
1791:Andi Sultan Daeng Radja
1238:Muridan Widjojo (2009)
1073:Battle of Gorong (1791)
1011:Saparua Campaign (1782)
1002:Battle of Amahai (1781)
998:were massacred or fled
993:Sack of Nusatelu (1780)
858:Nuku Muhammad Amiruddin
301:Banda Islands (1609–21)
201:Zainal Abidin of Tidore
180:Governor W. J. Cranssen
89:Phase 1: Tidore victory
18:Nuku Muhammad Amiruddin
2728:I Gusti Ketut Jelantik
2703:Raja Haji Fisabilillah
2335:Wahidin Soedirohoesodo
2330:Tjipto Mangoenkoesoemo
2269:Mas Tirtodarmo Haryono
2162:Muhammad Mangundiprojo
1951:Rajiman Wediodiningrat
1916:Mohammad Husni Thamrin
1831:Ferdinand Lumbantobing
1756:Abdul Halim Majalengka
1640:Ricklefs, Merle Calvin
1583:Ajisaka, Arya (2008).
1153:Kamaluddin escaped to
1117:and one British ship.
1106:
1082:
975:Attack on Toloa (1780)
506:2nd Recife (1652-1654)
169:Commanders and leaders
92:Phase 2: Dutch victory
2557:Abdul Wahab Hasbullah
2438:Maria Walanda Maramis
2392:Wage Rudolf Supratman
2294:Sugiyono Mangunwiyoto
1871:Iwa Koesoemasoemantri
1821:Djoeanda Kartawidjaja
1751:Abdoel Kahar Moezakir
1669:. Jakarta: Grasindo.
1104:
1080:
588:Sri Lanka (1764-1766)
536:Sri Lanka (1670-1670)
177:Governor J. G. Budach
2823:Sisingamangaraja XII
2753:Mahmud Badaruddin II
2683:Teungku Chik di Tiro
2577:As'ad Syamsul Arifin
2469:Pajonga Daeng Ngalie
2072:Abdul Haris Nasution
2036:Teuku Muhammad Hasan
1986:Sukarjo Wiryopranoto
1941:Oto Iskandar di Nata
1901:Maskoen Soemadiredja
1826:Ernest Douwes Dekker
1761:Abdurrahman Baswedan
750:Gold Coast (1869–70)
386:Liuqiu Island (1636)
316:Pescadores (1622–24)
186:Kamaluddin of Tidore
183:Governor Van Pleuren
126:Sultanate of Ternate
2813:Ranggong Daeng Romo
2587:Bagoes Hadikoesoemo
2304:Sutoyo Siswomiharjo
2274:Katamso Darmokusumo
2264:Karel Satsuit Tubun
2112:Halim Perdanakusuma
1886:Kasman Singodimedjo
1866:I Gusti Ketut Pudja
1836:Gatot Mangkoepradja
1796:Arie Frederik Lasut
1610:Katoppo, E. (1984)
1605:The world of Maluku
895:Sultanate of Tidore
822:Indonesia (1946–49)
817:Indonesia (1941–45)
710:Palembang (1851–59)
516:Malabar (1658-1663)
331:Persian Gulf (1625)
286:Cape Rachado (1606)
139:Sultanate of Tidore
2718:Tuanku Imam Bonjol
2428:Ki Hajar Dewantara
2202:Sutomo (Bung Tomo)
2132:I Gusti Ngurah Rai
2077:Abdul Rahman Saleh
1325:, pp. 240–241
1107:
1083:
875:East India Company
845:Western New Guinea
745:Pasoemah (1864–68)
715:Montrado (1854–55)
625:Cape Colony (1806)
608:Cape Colony (1795)
511:2nd Colombo (1654)
481:Philippines (1646)
456:Cambodia (1643–44)
391:Porto Calvo (1637)
371:Liaoluo Bay (1633)
254:colonial campaigns
163:East India Company
131:Sultanate of Bacan
76:Western New Guinea
2874:Indonesian rebels
2861:
2860:
2617:Nyai Ahmad Dahlan
2510:Tirto Adhi Soerjo
2177:Oerip Soemohardjo
2147:R. E. Martadinata
1841:Hamengkubuwono IX
1242:. Leiden: Brill,
1087:Battle of Gorong'
830:
829:
665:Sumatra (1821–37)
603:Gold Coast (1782)
496:Guararapes (1649)
491:Guararapes (1648)
401:Vietnam (1637–43)
351:Batavia (1628–29)
296:Mozambique (1608)
291:Mozambique (1607)
215:
214:
99:
98:
16:(Redirected from
2891:
2843:Thaha Syaifuddin
2778:Nyi Ageng Serang
2708:Hamengkubuwono I
2653:Andi Mappanyukki
2500:Mohammad Tabrani
2212:T. B. Simatupang
1936:Opu Daeng Risaju
1881:Johannes Leimena
1806:Bagindo Azizchan
1776:Adnan Kapau Gani
1766:Achmad Soebardjo
1730:
1723:
1716:
1707:
1701:
1680:
1659:
1635:
1600:
1570:
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1558:
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1546:
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1534:
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1510:
1507:
1501:
1498:
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1478:
1470:
1464:
1461:
1455:
1452:
1446:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1419:
1416:
1410:
1407:
1401:
1398:
1392:
1389:
1383:
1380:
1374:
1371:
1365:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1341:
1335:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1299:
1293:
1282:
1281:, pp. 15–16
1276:
1267:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1243:
1236:
1211:Battle of Gorong
812:Venezuela (1908)
760:Mandor (1884–85)
755:Aceh (1873–1913)
735:Borneo (1859–63)
690:Ahanta (1837–39)
660:Palembang (1821)
655:Palembang (1819)
531:Taiwan (1661–62)
421:Itamaracá (1640)
376:Taiwan (1635–36)
258:
257:
255:
241:
234:
227:
218:
119:
117:
116:
56:
55:
46:
29:
21:
2899:
2898:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2888:
2864:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2848:Untung Surapati
2833:Tuanku Tambusai
2818:Ratu Kalinyamat
2743:La Maddukelleng
2693:Cut Nyak Meutia
2678:Bataha Santiago
2673:Sultan Babullah
2663:Prince Antasari
2658:Aria Wangsakara
2643:Ageng Tirtayasa
2621:
2540:
2514:
2483:
2479:Syarif Kasim II
2442:
2418:Herman Johannes
2401:
2375:
2339:
2308:
2289:Siswondo Parman
2252:Revolutionaries
2247:
2231:
2060:
2041:Teuku Nyak Arif
1921:Mohammad Natsir
1876:Izaak Huru Doko
1801:Arnold Mononutu
1739:
1734:
1704:
1698:
1683:
1677:
1662:
1656:
1638:
1632:
1617:
1597:
1582:
1573:
1565:
1561:
1553:
1549:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1508:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1485:
1481:
1471:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1449:
1444:
1440:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1359:
1353:Sudarmanto 2007
1351:
1344:
1336:
1329:
1321:
1317:
1309:
1302:
1294:
1285:
1277:
1270:
1262:
1258:
1250:
1246:
1237:
1233:
1224:
1207:
1195:
1167:
1151:
1135:
1123:
1099:
1075:
1062:
1049:
1040:
1031:
1022:
1013:
1004:
995:
986:
977:
968:
963:
911:
903:Dutch colonials
887:
833:
832:
831:
826:
780:Pedir (1897–98)
740:Japan (1863–64)
635:Moluccas (1810)
568:India (1739–41)
466:India (1644-45)
416:Mormugão (1639)
411:Salvador (1638)
366:Abrolhos (1631)
336:Salvador (1625)
321:Salvador (1624)
259:
253:
248:
247:
245:
211:
189:
156:
135:
114:
112:
95:
78:
47:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2897:
2895:
2887:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2866:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2853:Zainal Mustafa
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2808:Radin Inten II
2805:
2803:Raden Mattaher
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2763:Mangkunegara I
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2688:Cut Nyak Dhien
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2629:
2627:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2602:Hasyim Asy'ari
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2567:Ahmad Hanafiah
2564:
2559:
2554:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2454:Frans Kaisiepo
2450:
2448:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2387:Ismail Marzuki
2383:
2381:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2366:Mohammad Yamin
2363:
2358:
2353:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2284:Pierre Tendean
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2245:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2167:Muhammad Yasin
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2107:Gatot Soebroto
2104:
2099:
2097:Djamin Ginting
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1931:Nani Wartabone
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1911:Mohammad Hatta
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1891:Kusumah Atmaja
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1733:
1732:
1725:
1718:
1710:
1703:
1702:
1696:
1681:
1675:
1660:
1654:
1636:
1630:
1615:
1608:
1601:
1595:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1572:
1571:
1559:
1555:Komandoko 2006
1547:
1538:
1529:
1520:
1511:
1502:
1493:
1479:
1476:www.laduni.id.
1465:
1456:
1447:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1402:
1393:
1384:
1375:
1366:
1357:
1342:
1338:Komandoko 2006
1327:
1323:Komandoko 2006
1315:
1300:
1296:Komandoko 2006
1283:
1268:
1264:Komandoko 2006
1256:
1244:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1206:
1203:
1194:
1191:
1166:
1163:
1155:Ternate Island
1150:
1147:
1134:
1131:
1122:
1119:
1098:
1095:
1074:
1071:
1061:
1058:
1048:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1030:
1027:
1021:
1018:
1012:
1009:
1003:
1000:
994:
991:
985:
982:
976:
973:
967:
964:
962:
959:
918:armada around
910:
907:
886:
883:
841:Maluku Islands
837:Nuku Rebellion
828:
827:
825:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
797:Bone (1905–06)
794:
792:Kerinci (1903)
783:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
730:Bone (1858–59)
727:
722:
720:Nias (1855–64)
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
680:Java (1825–30)
677:
675:Bone (1824–25)
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
645:Algiers (1816)
642:
637:
632:
630:Java (1806–07)
627:
622:
620:Surinam (1804)
611:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
583:Java (1749–57)
580:
575:
573:Java (1741–43)
570:
565:
563:Java (1719–23)
560:
558:Java (1704–07)
549:
548:
546:Java (1674–80)
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
471:Tabocas (1645)
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
431:Malacca (1641)
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
281:Malacca (1606)
278:
276:Amboina (1605)
273:
264:
261:
260:
246:
244:
243:
236:
229:
221:
213:
212:
210:
209:
208:Kapiten Baukan
206:
203:
198:
196:Nuku of Tidore
192:
190:
188:
187:
184:
181:
178:
174:
171:
170:
166:
165:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
141:
136:
134:
133:
128:
123:
109:
106:
105:
101:
100:
97:
96:
94:
93:
90:
86:
84:
80:
79:
72:Maluku Islands
70:
68:
64:
63:
60:
52:
51:
39:
38:
34:
33:
32:Nuku Rebellion
27:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2896:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2783:Pakubuwono VI
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2723:Iskandar Muda
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2638:Achmad Rifa'i
2636:
2634:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2531:Siti Hartinah
2529:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2505:Ruhana Kuddus
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2464:Marthen Indey
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2445:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2372:
2371:Raja Ali Haji
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2315:
2311:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2217:Usman Janatin
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2182:Slamet Rijadi
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2142:Keumalahayati
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2102:Djatikoesoemo
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2092:Basuki Rahmat
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2057:
2056:Zainul Arifin
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2021:Sutan Sjahrir
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2011:Soerjopranoto
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1966:Sam Ratulangi
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1731:
1726:
1724:
1719:
1717:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1699:
1697:9789004172012
1693:
1689:
1688:
1682:
1678:
1676:9789797597160
1672:
1668:
1667:
1661:
1657:
1655:9780804744805
1651:
1647:
1646:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1631:9789796610907
1627:
1623:
1622:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1596:9789797572785
1592:
1588:
1587:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1574:
1568:
1563:
1560:
1557:, p. 242
1556:
1551:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1524:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1469:
1466:
1460:
1457:
1451:
1448:
1442:
1439:
1433:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1415:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1388:
1385:
1379:
1376:
1370:
1367:
1361:
1358:
1355:, p. 319
1354:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1340:, p. 241
1339:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1311:Ricklefs 2001
1307:
1305:
1301:
1298:, p. 240
1297:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1266:, p. 239
1265:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1245:
1241:
1235:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1187:Zainal Abidin
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1164:
1162:
1160:
1159:Zainal Abidin
1156:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1103:
1096:
1094:
1090:
1088:
1079:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1059:
1057:
1053:
1046:
1044:
1037:
1035:
1028:
1026:
1019:
1017:
1010:
1008:
1001:
999:
992:
990:
983:
981:
974:
972:
965:
960:
958:
956:
955:Zainal Abidin
951:
946:
944:
943:puppet sultan
941:, as the new
940:
936:
931:
927:
925:
921:
917:
908:
906:
904:
900:
896:
892:
884:
882:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
859:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
789:
788:
787:
781:
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766:
763:
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758:
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753:
751:
748:
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733:
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728:
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723:
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718:
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698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
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678:
676:
673:
671:
670:Borneo (1823)
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
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646:
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641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
617:
616:
615:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
598:Ceylon (1782)
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
579:
578:Penfui (1749)
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
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555:
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547:
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534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
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507:
504:
502:
501:Taiwan (1652)
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
476:Brazil (1645)
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
446:Taiwan (1642)
444:
442:
441:Taiwan (1641)
439:
437:
436:Luanda (1641)
434:
432:
429:
427:
426:Ceylon (1640)
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
396:Elmina (1637)
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
381:Brazil (1636)
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
356:Recife (1630)
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
341:Elmina (1625)
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
326:Luanda (1624)
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
277:
274:
272:
271:Bantam (1601)
269:
268:
267:
262:
256:
251:
242:
237:
235:
230:
228:
223:
222:
219:
207:
204:
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199:
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194:
193:
191:
185:
182:
179:
176:
175:
173:
172:
167:
164:
161:
160:
152:
150:Papuan rebels
149:
146:
144:Tidore rebels
143:
142:
140:
137:
132:
129:
127:
124:
122:
111:
110:
108:
107:
102:
91:
88:
87:
85:
82:
81:
77:
73:
69:
66:
65:
61:
58:
57:
53:
50:
45:
40:
35:
30:
19:
2788:Pakubuwono X
2738:Kiras Bangun
2668:Sultan Agung
2572:Ahmad Sanusi
2562:Ahmad Dahlan
2552:Abdul Chalim
2495:Ilyas Yakoub
2474:Silas Papare
2413:Dewi Sartika
2397:Usmar Ismail
2351:Abdoel Moeis
2236:Independence
2117:Harun Thohir
2051:Wahid Hasyim
1851:Idham Chalid
1816:Tjilik Riwut
1686:
1665:
1644:
1620:
1611:
1604:
1585:
1576:Bibliography
1569:, p. 16
1567:Ajisaka 2008
1562:
1550:
1541:
1532:
1523:
1514:
1505:
1496:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1468:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1432:
1423:
1414:
1405:
1396:
1387:
1378:
1369:
1360:
1318:
1313:, p. 77
1279:Ajisaka 2008
1259:
1254:, p. 15
1252:Ajisaka 2008
1247:
1239:
1234:
1196:
1168:
1152:
1143:
1139:
1136:
1127:Maluku Utara
1124:
1111:Banda Island
1108:
1091:
1086:
1084:
1067:
1063:
1054:
1050:
1041:
1032:
1023:
1014:
1005:
996:
987:
978:
969:
947:
932:
928:
920:Seram Island
912:
888:
866:
862:
856:
836:
834:
786:20th century
785:
784:
765:Jambi (1885)
650:Ambon (1817)
614:19th century
613:
612:
593:India (1781)
552:18th century
551:
550:
541:India (1673)
486:Kombi (1647)
451:Chile (1643)
361:Jambi (1630)
311:Macau (1622)
306:Johor (1613)
266:17th century
265:
157:
153:Bacan rebels
147:Ceram rebels
121:Dutch Empire
104:Belligerents
2633:Abdul Kadir
2612:Mas Mansoer
2607:Lafran Pane
2519:Development
2447:Integration
2361:Amir Hamzah
2325:Dr. Soetomo
2227:Yos Sudarso
2122:Hasan Basry
2006:Ario Soerjo
1956:Rasuna Said
1811:B.W. Lapian
1786:Andi Djemma
867:Sultan Nuku
863:Prince Nuku
807:Bali (1908)
802:Bali (1906)
725:Bali (1858)
705:Bali (1849)
700:Bali (1848)
695:Bali (1846)
685:Aceh (1831)
640:Java (1811)
346:Cuba (1628)
2868:Categories
2838:Teuku Umar
2713:Hasanuddin
2698:Diponegoro
2592:Fakhruddin
2356:Agus Salim
2313:Resistance
2259:Ahmad Yani
2082:Adisucipto
2031:Tan Malaka
1946:P. M. Noor
1771:Adam Malik
1222:References
885:Background
770:Edi (1890)
406:Goa (1638)
2798:Pong Tiku
2793:Pattimura
2648:Andi Depu
2406:Education
2243:Fatmawati
2197:Supriyadi
2172:Noer Alie
2152:Mas Isman
2127:Iswahyudi
1971:Samanhudi
1744:Political
1490:tirto.id.
1165:Aftermath
1115:Kora-Kora
1007:Itawaka.
916:kora-kora
871:Indonesia
62:1780–1810
2626:Struggle
2545:Religion
2344:Literary
2299:Suprapto
2192:Sudirman
2157:Moestopo
2137:John Lie
2065:Military
1976:Soekarni
1961:Sahardjo
1926:Moewardi
1846:Hazairin
1642:(2001).
1205:See also
67:Location
2526:Suharso
2423:Kartini
2207:Syam'un
2001:Soeroso
1996:Soepomo
1981:Sukarno
1906:Masjkur
1183:Ternate
935:Ternate
901:by the
899:Batavia
2320:Alimin
1991:Supeno
1694:
1673:
1652:
1628:
1593:
1193:Legacy
1181:, and
1175:Tidore
939:Ceylon
891:Tidore
853:Tidore
849:sultan
118:
83:Result
2488:Press
1227:Notes
1179:Bacan
1085:The '
950:Seram
924:Papua
250:Dutch
1692:ISBN
1671:ISBN
1650:ISBN
1626:ISBN
1591:ISBN
1171:Nuku
922:and
843:and
835:The
74:and
59:Date
2380:Art
865:or
851:of
2870::
1345:^
1330:^
1303:^
1286:^
1271:^
1177:,
945:.
926:.
881:.
855:,
1729:e
1722:t
1715:v
1700:.
1679:.
1658:.
1634:.
1599:.
240:e
233:t
226:v
20:)
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