1245:, meaning one who dispossesses the true owner of the property. Although the elements of an adverse possession claim may be different in a number of states, adverse possession requires at a minimum five basic conditions being met to perfect the title of the disseisor. These are that the disseisor must openly occupy the property exclusively, in a manner that is open and notorious, continuously, and use it as if it were their own in a manner expected for the type of property. Some states impose additional requirements. Many of the states have enacted statutes regulating the rules of adverse possession. Some states require a hostility requirement to secure adverse possession. While most states take an objective approach to the hostility requirement, some states require a showing of good faith. Good faith means that claimants must demonstrate that they had some basis to believe that they actually owned the property at issue. Four states east of the Mississippi that require good faith in some form are Georgia, Illinois, New York, and Wisconsin.
1337:
years after the 2008 amendment, on 30 June 2016, the New York State
Appellate Division, First Department (i.e., the appellate court covering the territory of Manhattan) determined the legal questions concerning the scope of rights acquired by adverse possession and how the First Department would treat claims of adverse possession where title had vested prior to 2008. The Court specifically held that title to the adversely possessed property vested when the plaintiff "satisfie the requirement of the statute in effect at the relevant time." In other words, if title had vested at some time "after" the 2008 amendment, a plaintiff would have to satisfy the adverse possession standards amended by the New York State Legislature in 2008; however, if title vested at some time "before" the 2008 amendment, a plaintiff would have lawfully acquired title to the disputed area by satisfying the pre-amendment standard for adverse possession.
1497:
own period of land possession to that of a prior possessor to establish continuous adverse possession for the statutory period." There are three types of
Privity: Privity of Contract; Privity of Possession; and Privity of Estate. One of the three types of privity is required in order for one adverse possessor to "tack" their time onto another adverse possessor in order to complete the statutory time period. One way tacking occurs is when the conveyance of the property from one adverse possessor to another is founded upon a written document (usually an erroneous deed), indicating "color of title." A lawful owner may also restart the clock at zero by giving temporary permission for the occupation of the property, thus defeating the necessary "continuous and hostile" element. Evidence that a squatter paid rent to the owner would defeat adverse possession for that period.
1300:
1062:
contacts the registered title holder and notifies him of the application. If no proceedings are launched for two years to eject the adverse possessor, only then would the registrar transfer title. Prior to the Land
Registration Act 2002, a land owner could simply lose title without being aware of it or notified. This was the rule because it indicated the owner had never paid sufficient attention to how the land was in fact being used, and therefore the former owner did not deserve to keep it. Before 2002, time was seen to cure everything. The rule's function was to ensure land was used efficiently.
752:, if entitlement to possession of land was in dispute (originally only in what were known as real actions), the person claiming a right to possession was not allowed to allege that the land had come into their possession in the past (in older terminology that he had been 'put into seisin') at a time before the reign of Henry I. The law recognised a cutoff date going back into the past, before which date the law would not be interested. There was no requirement for a defendant to show any form of adverse possession. As time went on, the date was moved by statute—first to the reign of
54:
1741:"Adverse possession is a method of acquiring complete title to land as against all others, including the record owner, through certain acts over an uninterrupted period of time, as prescribed by statute". Gifis, Steven H. (1984) Barron's Law Dictionary, page 14; "An open, notorious, exclusive and adverse possession for twenty years operates to convey a complete title...not only an interest in the land...but complete dominion over it." Sir William Blackstone (1759) Commentaries on the Laws of England, Volume 2, page 418.
1261:, claim of title, or claim of right. Color of title and claim of title involve a legal document that appears (incorrectly) to give the disseisor title. In some jurisdictions the mere intent to take the land as one's own may constitute "claim of right", with no documentation required. Other cases have determined that a claim of right exists if the person believes they have rightful claim to the property, even if that belief is mistaken. A negative example would be a timber thief who sneaks onto a property, cuts
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The Court clarified, "It is the encroachment on the land ... that allows title to pass to the adverse possessor." In other words, the plaintiff did not need to encroach upon all six stories in order to adversely possess the air rights above the land. The Court also held, "With title to land come air rights." In other words, by acquiring title to the land (i.e., ground floor area), the plaintiff also acquired ownership of the more valuable air rights that were derivative of title to the underlying land.
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jurisdiction is twenty years and the squatter is removed after only 15 years, the squatter loses the benefit of that 15-year possession (i.e., the clock is reset at zero). If that squatter later retakes possession of the property, that squatter must, to acquire title, remain on the property for a full 20 years after the date on which the squatter retook possession. In this example, the squatter would have held the property for 35 years (the original 15 years plus the later 20 years) to acquire title.
760:. No further changes were made of this kind. By the reign of Henry VIII the fact that there had been no changes to the cutoff date had become very inconvenient. A new approach was taken whereby the person claiming possession had to show possession of the land for a continuous period, a certain number of years (60, 50 or 30 depending on the kind of claim made) before the date of the claim. Later statutes have shortened the limitation period in most common law jurisdictions.
631:. However, many legal systems courts recognize that once someone has occupied property without permission for a significant period of time without the property owner exercising their right to recover their property, not only is the original owner prevented from exercising their right to eject, but a new title to the property "springs up" in the adverse possessor. In effect, the adverse possessor becomes the property's new owner. Over time, legislatures created
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this application. This gives the landowner a statutory period of time (65 business days) to object to the adverse possession, object to the application on the ground that there has not actually been the necessary 10 years' adverse possession, and/or to serve a "counter-notice". If a counter-notice is served, then the application fails unless
689:, traditionally known as chattel, may also be adversely possessed, but owing to the differences in the nature of real and chattel property, the rules governing such claims are rather more stringent, and favour the legal owner rather than the adverse possessor. Claims for adverse possession of chattel often involve
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The second theory is that adverse possession is "a useful method for curing minor title defects". For example, someone may have had the intention to sell all of a parcel of land but mistakenly excluded a portion of it on the title. Thus, adverse possession allows the purchaser of the land to maintain
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As with any adverse possession claim, if a squatter abandons the property for a period, or if the rightful owner effectively removes the squatter's access even temporarily during the statutory period, or gives their permission, the "clock" usually stops. For example, if the required period in a given
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to possess the land. Mr Powell lost his claim because simply letting his cows roam was an equivocal act: it was only later that there was evidence he intended to take possession, for instance by erecting signs on the land and parking a lorry. But this had not happened long enough for the 12-year time
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to an entire parcel, their continuous and actual possession of a small part of that parcel will perfect their title to the entire parcel defined in their color of title. Thus a disseisor need not build a dwelling on, or farm on, every portion of a large tract in order to prove possession, as long as
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at the time permitted the owner of the land to build (i.e., develop) up to six times the square footage of the ground floor area. For example, if the disputed area was 1,000 square feet, there would be 6,000 square feet of buildable square footage to potentially be won or lost by adverse possession.
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are more valuable than the underlying land itself: (a) "where" (i.e., in three-dimensional physical space) is an encroachment required in order for such encroachment to have any relevant operative effect or consequences under the law of adverse possession, and (b) "what" property rights are acquired
1336:
amended and limited the ability of land to be acquired by adverse possession. Prior to the 2008 amendment, to acquire property by adverse possession, all that was required was a showing that the possession constituted an actual invasion of or infringement upon the owner's rights. Approximately eight
1181:
For registered land, adverse possession claims completed after 13 October 2003 follow a different procedure. Where land is registered, the adverse possessor may henceforth apply to be registered as owner after 10 years of adverse possession and the Land
Registry must give notice to the true owner of
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The first is that it exists to cure potential or actual defects in real estate titles by putting a statute of limitations on possible litigation over ownership and possession. Because of the doctrine of adverse possession, a landowner can be secure in title to their land. Otherwise, long-lost heirs
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and governs the right of a person to gain possession of immovable property (a home). Pursuant to Civil Code
Article 742, there are two ways that a squatter can gain possession of an immovable property: (1) peaceable and uninterrupted possession... for ten years in good faith and by just title; (2)
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to avoid losing title to the tax collector. The effects of having a stranger to the title paying taxes on property may vary from one jurisdiction to another. (Many jurisdictions have accepted tax payment for the same parcel from two different parties without raising an objection or notifying either
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the squatter has been in adverse possession of land adjacent to their own under the mistaken but reasonable belief that they are the owner of it, the exact line of the boundary with this adjacent land has not been determined and the estate to which the application relates was registered more than a
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received royal assent on 26 February 2002. The rules for unregistered land remained as before. But under schedule 6 of the Land
Registration Act 2002, paragraphs 1 to 5, after 10 years the adverse possessor is entitled to apply to the registrar to become the new registered owner. The registrar then
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Depending on the jurisdiction, one squatter may or may not pass along continuous possession to another squatter, known as "tacking". Tacking is defined as "The joining of consecutive periods of possession by different persons to treat the periods as one continuous period; esp., the adding of one's
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declares that the crossing onto the private property is a revocable license (an agreement to use the property, not an invasion) to protect it from becoming a subject of an adverse possession. Some New York property owners go even further by actually closing their property to the public for one day
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owner. Provided the common law requirements of "possession" that was "adverse" were fulfilled, after 12 years, the owner would cease to be able to assert a claim. Different rules are in place for the limitation periods of adverse possession in unregistered land and registered land. However, in the
643:
Although the elements of an adverse possession action differ by jurisdiction, a person claiming adverse possession in a common law system is usually required to prove non-permissive use of the property that is actual, open and notorious, exclusive, adverse and continuous for the statutory period.
1480:
Most cases of adverse possession deal with boundary line disputes between two parties who hold clear title to their property. The term "squatter's rights" has no precise and fixed legal meaning. In some jurisdictions the term refers to temporary rights available to squatters that prevent them, in
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on the property he has taken and the owner of the property could cause him to be evicted by an action in trespass ("ejectment") or by bringing an action for possession. All common law jurisdictions require that an ejectment action be brought within a specified time, after which the true owner is
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Otherwise, the squatter becomes the registered proprietor according to the land registry. If the true owner is unable to evict the squatter in the two years following the first application, the squatter can apply again after this period and be successful despite the opposition of the owner. The
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In recent times the Land
Registry has made the process of claiming adverse possession and being awarded “title absolute” more difficult. Simply occupying or grazing the land will no longer justify the grant of title, instead the person in adverse possession must demonstrate commitment to own and
1031:
had to be used within a time limit, so did an action to recover land. This promoted the finality of litigation and the certainty of claims. Time would start running when someone took exclusive possession of land, or part of it, and intended to possess it adversely to the interests of the current
1289:
Dispossession of land owned by a governmental entity: Generally, a disseisor cannot dispossess land legally owned by a government entity even if all other elements of adverse possession are met. One exception is when the government entity is acting like a business rather than a government
1134:. In fact the land remained unused, Mr Pye did nothing, while the Grahams continued to retain a key to the property and used it as part of their farm. At the end of the limitation period, they claimed the land was theirs. They had in fact offered to buy a licence from Mr Pye, but the
730:, adopted as the basis of law in France, Belgium, Italy, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, and also, in part, by the Netherlands and Germany, adverse possession generally recognizes two time periods for the acquisition of property: 30 years and some lesser time period, depending on the
725:
laws allowed someone who was in possession of a good without title to become the lawful proprietor if the original owner did not appear after some time (one or two years), unless the good was obtained illegally (by theft or force). Stemming from Roman law and its successor, the
1489:. In the United States, no ownership rights are created by mere possession, and a squatter may only take possession through adverse possession if the squatter can prove all elements of an adverse possession claim for the jurisdiction in which the property is located.
992:. Historically, if someone possessed land for long enough, it was thought that this in itself justified acquisition of a good title. This meant that while English land was continually conquered, pillaged, and stolen by various factions, lords or barons throughout the
1374:
Adverse possession extends only to the property actually possessed. If the original owner had a title to a greater area (or volume) of property, the disseisor does not obtain all of it. The exception to this is when the disseisor enters the land under a
1205:
Where a tenant adversely possesses land, there is a presumption that they are doing so in a way that will benefit the landlord at the end of their term. If the land does not belong to their landlord, the land will become part of both the tenancy and the
655:. For example, the French Code Civil 2258 et. seq. recognizes that title may be acquired through thirty years of "continuous and uninterrupted possession which is peaceful, public, unequivocal, and as owner." It is related to the Roman law concept of
1081:, the time when adverse possession began was when "possession" was taken. This had to be more than something temporary or transitory, such as simply storing goods on a land for a brief period. But "possession" did not require actual occupation. So in
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for how long owners have to recover possession of their property from adverse possessors. In the United States, for example, these limitation periods vary widely between individual states, ranging from as low as three years to as long as 40 years..
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in 1241, though only regulating between peasants and the church, with an asymmetric time limit of 30 years for the church, and 40 years for the peasant. In 1475, the 40 year limit was ruled to apply between farmers as well. In 1547 (after the
1354:
the defendant argued that the plaintiff had only acquired title to the underlying land, but not the air rights, because the plaintiff never encroached above the two-story building. This argument was motivated, in part, by the fact that the
1253:
In addition to the basic elements of an adverse possession case, state law may require one or more additional elements to be proved by a person claiming adverse possession. Depending upon the state, additional requirements may include:
1213:
Since
September 2012, squatting in a residential building is a criminal offence, but this does not prevent title being claimed by reason of adverse possession even if the claimant is committing a criminal offence. This was confirmed in
1570:
The third theory is that adverse possession encourages and rewards productive use of land. Essentially, "by vesting title in the industrious settler—rather than the absentee landowner—adverse possession promote rapid development".
615:, a term associated with occupation without legal title during the westward expansion in North America, as occupying real property without permission is central to adverse possession. Some jurisdictions regulate
1115:
sections 29 and 30, the adverse possessor must not have acknowledged the title of the owner in any express way, or the clock starts running again. However, the courts have interpreted this requirement flexibly.
1526:
means the old title holder's estate will be extinguished and a new one will be created for the successful squatter. This section also inserted an immediate power of entry to the premises into
Section 17 of the
1391:" of record in their name on some or all of the former owner's property. Such action will make it simpler to convey the interest to others in a definitive manner, and also serves as notice that there is a new
1186:
it would be unconscionable because of an equity by estoppel for the registered proprietor to seek to dispossess the squatter and the squatter ought in the circumstances to be registered as proprietor, or
777:('no time runs against the king'). In the United States, this privilege was carried over to the federal and state governments; government land is immune from loss by adverse possession. Land with
1043:
Another significant limit on the principle, in the case of leases, is that adverse possession actions will only succeed against the leaseholder, and not the freeholder once the lease has expired.
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limit on McFarlane's claim to have expired. As a result, proving intention to possess is likely to rely heavily on the factual matrix of the case and the squatters' factual possession. In
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not visible from the road, and hauls the logs away at night. Their actions, though they demonstrate actual possession, also demonstrate knowledge of guilt, as opposed to claim of right.
1170:
For registered land, adverse possession claims completed before 13 October 2003 (the date the Land
Registration Act 2002 came into force) are governed by section 75(1) and 75(2) of the
1432:
Adverse possession may also apply to territorial rights. In the United States, Georgia lost an island in the Savannah River to South Carolina in 1990, when South Carolina had used
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in England or American state legislatures—generally create statutes of limitations that bar the owners from recovering the property after a certain number of years have passed.
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The fourth theory is that the adverse possessor places a high personal value on the land while the real title holder has effectively abandoned it, thus on principles of
1089:
roam into Mr McFarlane's land. The intruder must also show that they were dealing with the land as an occupying owner might have done, and that no one else had done so.
3024:"Adverse Possession for Intellectual Property: Adapting an Ancient Concept to Resolve Conflicts between Antitrust and Intellectual Property Laws in the Information Age"
2243:, that adverse possession should be incapable of infringing the ECHR's concept of the right to property precisely because the person deprived has given up "possession".
1130:, Mr and Mrs Graham had been let a part of Mr Pye's land, and then the lease had expired. Mr Pye refused to renew a lease, on the basis that this might disturb getting
1111:, Dillon LJ held that Mrs Buckler could not claim adverse possession over land owned by BP because BP had told her she could stay rent free for life. Fourth, under the
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1131:
1174:. The limitation period remains the same (12 years) but instead of the original owner's title to the land being extinguished, the original owner holds the land on
672:
2627:
2181:"Clowes Developments (UK) Ltd. v Walters & Ors | [2005] EWHC 669 (Ch) | England and Wales High Court (Chancery Division) | Judgment | Law | CaseMine"
3792:
1104:, the squatter cannot be found to have an intention to possess if they mistakenly believe that they are on the property with the permission of the title owner.
1142:, arguing that his business should receive ÂŁ10 million in compensation because it was a breach of his right to "peaceful enjoyment of possessions" under
3865:
1399:. Even if such action is not taken, the title is legally considered to belong to the new titleholder, with most of the benefits and duties, including paying
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held that this did not amount to an acknowledgement of title that would deprive them of a claim. Having lost in the UK courts, Mr Pye took the case to the
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A more modern function has been that land which is disused or neglected by an owner may be converted into another's property if continual use is made.
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As described in the various "Requirements" sections, a number of conditions must be met in order for the adverse possessor to actually acquire title.
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1513:(LASPO), the Court of Appeal has clarified that Section 144 will not bar a person who wants to claim adverse possession, based on the rule of
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In general, a property owner has the right to recover possession of their property from unauthorised possessors through legal action such as
138:
1286:, or just a contributing element to a court's determination of possession. Both payment by the disseisor and by the true owner are relevant.
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registration system or similar, special rules apply. It may be that the land cannot be affected by adverse possession (as was the case in
1383:
In some jurisdictions, a person who has successfully obtained title to property by adverse possession may (optionally) bring an action in
1933:
1147:
1015:, the previous owner's right of action to eject the "adverse possessor" would expire. The common legal justification was that under the
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1210:. If the land does belong to their landlord, it would seem that it will be gained by the tenant but only for the period of their term.
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Adverse possession is one of the most contentious methods of acquiring property, albeit one that has played a huge role in the
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2723:"Bayshore Gardens Owners, Inc. v Meersand 2008 NY Slip Op 51770(U) [20 Misc 3d 1137(A)] Decided on 18 August 2008"
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Good faith (in a minority of states) or bad faith (sometimes called the "Maine Doctrine" although it is now abolished in
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for the adverse possessor. The adverse possessor can then apply to be the new registered proprietor of the land.
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330:
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Third, possession is not considered "adverse" if the person is there with the owner's consent. For example, in
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1986:
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1467:, which is a civil law state, adopts the legal doctrine of acquisitive prescription. It is derived from
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passed England's first general statute limiting the right to recover possession of land in 1623, the
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291:
2722:
2541:
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from 1875 to 1926, and as is still the case in the state of Minnesota) or that special rules apply.
1410:
The process of adverse possession would require a thorough analysis if private property is taken by
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3279:
3274:
3050:"Adverse Possession of Copyright: A Proposal to Complete Copyright's Unification with Property Law"
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ownership of the parcel which they believed was theirs from the impressions given by the seller.
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128:
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to attach the island to its own shore. Since Georgia knew of this yet did nothing about it, the
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1794:. Internet Archive. Cambridge ; New York : Cambridge University Press. p. 30.
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1426:
1321:. The effect of a failure by the true landowner to evict the adverse possessor depends on the
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without their knowledge, while ensuring squatters have a fair way of exercising their rights.
1199:
996:, those who could show they possessed land long enough would not have their title questioned.
786:
686:
214:
197:
123:
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675:) a rule was passed to change this to 20 years for everyone. The rule was later adopted into
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92:
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2379:"Best v The Chief Land Registrar & Anor [2014] EWHC 1370 (Admin) (7 May 2014)"
1701:
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some circumstances, from being removed from property without due process. For example, in
1395:, which may be a prerequisite to benefits such as equity loans or judicial standing as an
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727:
644:
The possession by a person is not adverse during periods when they are in possession as a
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202:
2959:
2457:"Analyzing Adverse Possession Laws and Cases of the States East of the Mississippi River"
1070:
Before the considerable hurdle of giving a registered owner notice was introduced in the
2701:"Retrospective Application of the 2008 Amendments to New York's Adverse Possession Laws"
1934:"Chapitre II : De la prescription acquisitive. (Articles 2258 Ă 2277) - LĂ©gifrance"
1816:
1586:
Some legal scholars have proposed the extension of the concept of adverse possession to
1519:, from relying on illegal squatting as an act demonstrating possession of the property.
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4117:
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2993:(Fourth ed.). Durham, North Carolina: Carolina Academies Press. pp. 480–481.
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In 2008, due to the volume of adverse possession and boundary dispute cases throughout
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527:
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176:
167:
143:
3075:
Merrill, Thomas W. (1985). "Property Rules, Liability Rules, and Adverse Possession".
2406:
2287:
Section 1 The Land Registration Act 2002 (Transitional Provisions) (No 2) Order 2003).
1341:
also resolved two often highly litigated issues in adverse possession cases where the
1226:
1074:, the particular requirements of adverse possession were reasonably straight forward.
763:
At traditional English common law, it was not possible to obtain title to property of
4338:
4127:
4107:
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Out with the Owners: The Eurasian Sequels to "J A Pye (Oxford) Ltd v. United Kingdom"
1762:
1591:
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1304:
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597:
260:
87:
2262:
1641:: acquisitive prescription ownership after defined period of unauthorized occupation
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4122:
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3757:
3656:
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3615:
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3404:
2909:"Adverse possession can be founded on acts of criminal trespass | LexisNexis Blogs"
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1400:
1364:
1322:
1318:
1279:
862:
522:
286:
266:
243:
45:
1635:: unauthorized use of abandoned property with no implied ownership or right to use
3850:
1407:
Adverse possession does not typically work against property owned by the public.
1189:
the squatter is for some other reason entitled to be registered as proprietor, or
17:
4203:
4178:
4092:
4062:
4047:
3905:
3782:
3636:
3458:
3453:
3326:
3161:
1563:
holder of centuries past could come forward with a legal claim on the property.
1538:
allows the successful adverse possessor to be registered as the new proprietor.
1433:
1388:
1356:
993:
807:
701:
690:
428:
402:
296:
234:
229:
192:
4300:
4168:
4057:
4031:
3737:
3610:
1638:
1575:
1468:
1384:
1342:
1283:
1012:
797:
793:
749:
731:
676:
656:
581:
540:
509:
489:
181:
108:
62:
3008:
1919:
4208:
4026:
3955:
3945:
1632:
1506:
1464:
1241:
1175:
1093:
1020:
764:
757:
745:
667:
628:
616:
585:
513:
474:
281:
2988:
2846:"Adverse possession – the reality behind 'squatter's rights' | Tozers LLP"
1959:
1456:(1787) explicitly specified that the river's islands belonged to Georgia.
796:
system of England and its historical colonies, local legislatures—such as
785:
systems is also immune, for example, land that has been registered in the
4188:
3717:
3661:
3463:
3389:
3172:
3094:. University Casebook Series (3rd ed.). St. Paul: Foundation Press.
1674:
1662:
1437:
1415:
1313:
721:
660:
499:
371:
361:
186:
148:
1218:, where it was held that criminal and land law should be kept separate.
4132:
4000:
3995:
3895:
1472:
uninterrupted possession for thirty years without title or good faith.
1396:
1368:
1004:
645:
605:
301:
153:
1509:" is a criminal offence in England and Wales under Section 144 of the
1085:, it was held to be "possession" when Mr Powell, from age 14, let his
3522:
1262:
3120:
2755:"Hudson Sq. Hotel, LLC v Stathis Enters., LLC 2016 NY Slip Op 05232"
2263:"Ofulue & Anor v Bossert [2009] UKHL 16 (11 March 2009)"
2240:
1895:
679:, published in 1683, this specific part still being in force today.
1911:
1414:, after which control is given to a private corporation (such as a
767:
by means of adverse possession. This principle was embodied by the
3478:
1298:
1269:
1230:
The number of years required for adverse possession in U.S. states
1154:
rejected this, holding that it was within a national government's
700:
2675:"Lever House Closes Once a Year to Maintain Its Ownership Rights"
705:"The Sumerian law code compared with Hammurabi", S. Langdon, 1920
3443:
1706:
1680:
1560:
1239:
The party seeking title by adverse possession may be called the
1158:
to determine the relevant property rules. The House of Lords in
1092:
The second requirement, however, was that there needed to be an
1086:
504:
356:
118:
3854:
3134:
811:
3130:
2349:"Criminalising squatting hurts the poor and benefits the rich"
1896:"Acquisitive Prescription. Its Existing World-Wide Uniformity"
592:, are legal mechanisms under which a person who does not have
536:
1852:
1850:
1325:, but will eventually result in title by adverse possession.
2883:"Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012"
2366:"Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012"
2131:
Explanatory Notes to the Land Registration Act 2002, para. 1
2108:
Sch 6, depending on when the limitation period is completed.
1958:
Vagner, Hans Henrik; Jørgensen, Jens Ulf (31 January 2009).
1578:
and efficiency it makes sense to allow the change in title.
910:
Wallis's Cayton Bay Holiday Camp Ltd v Shell-Mex and BP Ltd
734:
of the possessor and the location of the parties involved.
4260:
Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012
1511:
Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012
1198:
process effectively prevents the removal of a landowner's
1036:
adverse possession of registered land became much harder.
1007:, particularly in periods of economic decline. Before the
2517:"North American Oil Consol. v. Burnet, 286 US 417 (1932)"
1363:
In other jurisdictions, the disseisor acquires merely an
666:
In Denmark, the concept was first mentioned as "Hævd" in
651:
Civil Law jurisdictions may recognize a similar right of
2635:
Neighbor law : fences, trees, boundaries, and noise
2542:"Dombkowski v. Ferland, 2006 ME 24, 893 A.2d 599 (2006)"
3115:
O Jones, 'Out with the Owners: The Eurasian Sequels to
2141:
Stake, J. E. "The Uneasy Case for Adverse Possession".
1821:. Internet Archive. Calgary : Bayeux. p. 44.
1629:("possession of the foot"): ownership by first occupier
1590:, in particular to reconcile intellectual property and
1380:
their title does correctly describe the entire parcel.
1011:, if a person had possessed land for 12 years, then at
30:"Squatter's rights" redirects here. For the film, see
3022:
Bagley, Constance E.; Clarkson, Gavin (Spring 2003).
1308:
each year in order to prove their exclusive control.
4268:
4227:
4161:
4040:
4009:
3923:
3888:
3705:
3624:
3531:
3403:
3367:
3267:
3186:
2783:Georgia v. South Carolina, 497 U.S. 376 (1990) see
1077:First, under schedule 1, paragraphs 1 and 8 of the
2323:Schedule 6 Paragraph 2 Land Registration Act 2002.
2314:Schedule 6 Paragraph 1 Land Registration Act 2002.
600:, may acquire legal ownership based on continuous
4306:Self-managed social centres in the United Kingdom
1040:utilize the land to the exclusion of all others.
1350:(i.e., the land) vesting with the plaintiff. In
2872:Tacking. Black's Law Dictionary (10th ed. 2014)
1709:: legal document defining interest or ownership
1683:: right of others to hold or sell to solve debt
2798:"Louisiana Laws - Louisiana State Legislature"
1282:. This may be required by statute, such as in
683:from 1688, also contains a similar provision.
3866:
3793:List of housing markets by real estate prices
3146:
2597:"California Code of Civil Procedure § 325(b)"
823:
558:
8:
3088:Merrill, Thomas W.; Smith, Henry E. (2017).
2022:
1873:. St. Paul: West Publishing Co. p. 49.
1856:
1841:
1665:: acquired right to use but not own property
1594:or to unify copyright law and property law.
2982:
2980:
2824:"Adverse possession: Can you squat to own?"
2119:Fairweather v St Marylebone Property Co Ltd
1555:policies which justify adverse possession.
1367:title; the landowner is considered to be a
924:Fairweather v St Marylebone Property Co Ltd
4250:Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994
3873:
3859:
3851:
3833:
3153:
3139:
3131:
2567:"California Code of Civil Procedure § 325"
2486:"California Code of Civil Procedure § 323"
1818:A young adult's guide to the Canadian west
1193:year prior to the date of the application.
1003:has been a way for land to be efficiently
830:
816:
808:
611:It is sometimes colloquially described as
565:
551:
41:
2749:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2480:
2478:
2401:
2399:
2305:Section 75(2) Land Registration Act 1925.
2296:Section 75(1) Land Registration Act 1925.
1023:. c. 16), just like a cause of action in
2960:"Land Registration Act 2002, Schedule 6"
2605:California Office of Legislative Counsel
2575:California Office of Legislative Counsel
2494:California Office of Legislative Counsel
1225:
3117:J A Pye (Oxford) Ltd v. United Kingdom'
3031:Harvard Journal of Law & Technology
2628:"Easements Acquired by Use of Property"
2451:
2449:
2010:
1754:
1725:
1312:A disseisor will be committing a civil
487:
389:
346:
309:
242:
166:
100:
69:
44:
2637:(2nd ed.). Berkeley: Nolo Press.
1487:section 6 of the Criminal Law Act 1977
1275:Improvement, cultivation, or enclosure
1162:in 2009 confirmed this understanding.
2868:
2866:
2626:Jordan, Cora; Randolph, Mary (1994).
2235:The point has been made by O. Jones,
2078:Final Report on Limitation of Actions
1894:Sherman, Charles P. (December 1911).
1654:: acquisitive prescription law in USA
1529:Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
1404:party that the other had also paid.)
139:Lost, mislaid, and abandoned property
7:
3820:
2673:Dunlap, David W. (30 October 2011).
1692:Possession is nine-tenths of the law
1534:Finally, schedule 6 (para 7) of the
619:separately from adverse possession.
3048:Arrett, Michael James (Fall 2005).
2759:New York State Law Reporting Bureau
2076:Law Reform Committee, 21st Report,
2063:, 66 F.Supp. 782 (D.C. Haw. 1944),
1371:of the property for the disseisor.
1346:as a result of title to the ground
1148:European Convention on Human Rights
4276:Homelessness in the United Kingdom
3778:Undergraduate real estate programs
3121:27 Civil Justice Quarterly 260–276
3077:Northwestern University Law Review
2601:California Legislative Information
2571:California Legislative Information
2490:California Legislative Information
2241:27 Civil Justice Quarterly 260–276
1658:Rights of way in England and Wales
1559:of any former owner, possessor or
1303:A metal plaque on the sidewalk of
873:Port of London Authority v Ashmore
25:
3576:Investment rating for real estate
3091:Property: Principles and Policies
2935:"Limitation Act 1980, Section 17"
2699:Mavidis, Andriana (Summer 2011).
2431:Larson, Aaron (17 January 2015).
1671:: highways & paths law in USA
1421:Where land is registered under a
960:Sch 6, paras 1-5, Sch 12, para 18
4319:
4318:
3914:
3832:
3819:
3807:
3806:
2822:Estrin, Michael (27 July 2012).
2347:Blake, Joseph (31 August 2012).
2334:Smirk v Lyndale Developments Ltd
1452:to South Carolina, although the
648:or licensee of the legal owner.
596:to a piece of property, usually
52:
4360:United States property case law
4098:Hounslow Community Land Project
2461:American Land Title Association
1965:Lex - Danmarks Nationalleksikon
1791:Contracting for property rights
1605:Adverse possession in Australia
1102:v Walters and Others EWHC (Ch)
3931:Advisory Service for Squatters
3882:Squatting in England and Wales
3733:Graduate real estate education
3178:Tertiary sector of the economy
1871:Black's Law Dictionary, 5th ed
1551:Scholars have identified four
1140:European Court of Human Rights
1:
4240:Erection of Cottages Act 1588
2907:Bhatia, Joanna (8 May 2014).
2206:"BP Properties Ltd v Buckler"
1769:. Legal Information Institute
838:Sources on adverse possession
446:Lateral and subjacent support
4350:Common law legal terminology
3687:Real estate investment trust
3292:Extraterrestrial real estate
2987:Sprankling, John G. (2017).
2061:United States v. Fullard-Leo
1677:: for related adverse rights
1127:JA Pye (Oxford) Ltd v Graham
1100:Clowes Developments (UK) Ltd
859:JA Pye (Oxford) Ltd v Graham
413:Practicing without a license
3692:Real property administrator
3682:Real estate investment club
2080:(1977) Cmnd 6923, para 1.7.
1216:Best v Chief Land Registrar
1109:BP Properties Ltd v Buckler
897:BP Properties Ltd v Buckler
774:nullum tempus occurrit regi
756:, and then to the reign of
711:History of English land law
4381:
4255:Land Registration Act 2002
3349:Private equity real estate
3054:Journal of Corporation Law
2990:Understanding property law
2106:Land Registration Act 2002
2102:Land Registration Act 1925
2042:. Hawaii State Legislature
2023:Merrill & Smith (2017)
1857:Merrill & Smith (2017)
1842:Merrill & Smith (2017)
1687:List of real estate topics
1536:Land Registration Act 2002
1334:New York State Legislature
1172:Land Registration Act 1925
1072:Land Registration Act 2002
1059:Land Registration Act 2002
1053:Land Registration Act 2002
1050:
1047:Land Registration Act 2002
1034:Land Registration Act 2002
1009:Land Registration Act 2002
984:Land Registration Act 2002
977:
958:Land Registration Act 2002
948:Land Registration Act 1925
888:s 17, Sch 1, paras 1 and 8
708:
339:Doctrine of worthier title
29:
4314:
3912:
3801:
3297:International real estate
3168:
2785:Georgia v. South Carolina
1960:"hævd - Den Store Danske"
1788:Libecap, Gary D. (1989).
1610:Appropriation (economics)
1588:intellectual property law
965:
955:
945:
933:
919:
905:
893:
883:
869:
855:
843:
470:Conflict of property laws
326:Rule against perpetuities
4078:Bloomsbury Social Centre
2368:. The National Archives.
1869:Black, Henry T. (1979).
1485:reference is usually to
653:acquisitive prescription
604:without the permission (
602:possession or occupation
590:acquisitive prescription
4291:Principality of Sealand
3491:Real estate transaction
3380:Real estate development
2411:Encyclopedia Britannica
2226:(1988) 55 P&CR 337.
2170:(1979) 38 P&CR 352.
2145:. 2000–2001 (89): 2419.
2040:Hawaii Revised Statutes
1418:), and then abandoned.
1249:Additional requirements
1120:Human rights challenges
990:history of English land
633:statutes of limitations
608:) of its legal owner.
321:Restraint on alienation
3591:Real estate derivative
3551:Effective gross income
3317:Healthcare real estate
2887:www.legislation.gov.uk
2143:Georgetown Law Journal
2036:"HI Rev Stat § 501-87"
1938:www.legifrance.gouv.fr
1815:Brestler, Don (2002).
1652:Preemption Act of 1841
1542:Theory and scholarship
1475:
1309:
1231:
1156:margin of appreciation
900:(1988) 55 P&CR 337
850:(1979) 38 P&CR 352
706:
348:Nonpossessory interest
4245:Criminal Law Act 1977
4113:M11 link road protest
4103:Kew Bridge Ecovillage
3966:London Street Commune
3748:Industry trade groups
3652:Exclusive buyer agent
3606:Real estate valuation
3596:Real estate economics
3556:Gross rent multiplier
3385:Real estate investing
3287:Corporate Real Estate
3083:(5 & 6): 1122–54.
2964:ww.legislation.gov.uk
2939:ww.legislation.gov.uk
2705:St. John's Law Review
1582:Copyright scholarship
1446:original jurisdiction
1302:
1229:
1144:Protocol 1, article 1
704:
297:Action to quiet title
4355:English property law
4286:Occupation (protest)
4138:Spike Surplus Scheme
3566:Highest and best use
3532:Economics, financing
3496:Real estate contract
3390:Real estate flipping
3359:Residential property
3302:Lease administration
3254:United Arab Emirates
2913:www.lexisnexis.co.uk
2433:"Adverse Possession"
2407:"Adverse possession"
2067:331 U.S. 256 (1947).
1900:The Yale Law Journal
1763:"Adverse possession"
1669:Revised statute 2477
1001:Squatting in England
292:Equitable conversion
27:Property law concept
4296:Reclaim the Streets
3546:Capitalization rate
3541:Asset-based lending
3375:Property management
3280:Commercial building
3275:Commercial property
2090:Limitation Act 1980
1713:Adverse abandonment
1615:Informal settlement
1524:Limitation Act 1980
1352:Hudson Square Hotel
1339:Hudson Square Hotel
1150:. The court in its
1132:planning permission
1113:Limitation Act 1980
1079:Limitation Act 1980
1017:Limitation Act 1623
886:Limitation Act 1980
742:Limitation Act 1623
434:prior appropriation
382:Equitable servitude
4365:Time in government
4281:New Age Travellers
4235:Adverse possession
4214:Heathcote Williams
3976:Really Free School
3961:Justice Not Crisis
3773:Real estate trends
3677:Real estate broker
3647:Chartered Surveyor
3601:Real estate bubble
3581:Mortgage insurance
3414:Adverse possession
3337:Luxury real estate
3312:Garden real estate
2772:Minn. Stat. 508.02
2679:The New York Times
2161:(1879) 5 Ex D 264.
1522:Section 17 of the
1454:Treaty of Beaufort
1442:U.S. Supreme Court
1310:
1232:
1083:Powell v McFarlane
847:Powell v McFarlane
707:
681:The Norwegian Code
584:, and its related
578:Adverse possession
464:Quicquid plantatur
272:Deeds registration
114:Adverse possession
83:Community property
4345:Real property law
4332:
4331:
4162:Notable squatters
4022:Bonnington Square
3941:Exodus Collective
3848:
3847:
3486:Property abstract
3469:Land registration
3429:Concurrent estate
3354:Real estate owned
3344:Off-plan property
3322:Vacation property
3307:Niche real estate
3101:978-1-62810-102-7
3000:978-1-5221-0557-2
1828:978-1-896209-72-2
1801:978-0-521-36620-5
1501:England and Wales
1483:England and Wales
1476:Squatter's rights
1450:granted this land
1448:in such matters)
1427:England and Wales
1200:right to property
975:
974:
804:England and Wales
787:Hawaii Land Court
687:Personal property
613:squatter's rights
575:
574:
215:Concurrent estate
198:Defeasible estate
78:Personal property
33:Squatter's Rights
18:Nullum Tempus Act
16:(Redirected from
4372:
4322:
4321:
4219:Christian Wolmar
4053:102 Eaton Square
4010:Legalized squats
3991:The Land is Ours
3918:
3917:
3901:Right to housing
3875:
3868:
3861:
3852:
3836:
3835:
3823:
3822:
3810:
3809:
3753:Investment firms
3672:Property manager
3571:Home equity loan
3474:Leasehold estate
3434:Conditional sale
3155:
3148:
3141:
3132:
3105:
3084:
3062:
3061:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3028:
3019:
3013:
3012:
2984:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2920:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2856:
2850:www.tozers.co.uk
2842:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2819:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2802:www.legis.la.gov
2794:
2788:
2781:
2775:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2751:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2733:
2719:
2713:
2712:
2696:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2685:
2670:
2664:
2663:
2661:
2659:
2654:on 18 March 2015
2653:
2647:. Archived from
2632:
2623:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2563:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2538:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2527:
2512:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2482:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2453:
2444:
2443:
2441:
2439:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2417:
2403:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2389:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2357:
2356:
2344:
2338:
2330:
2324:
2321:
2315:
2312:
2306:
2303:
2297:
2294:
2288:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2259:
2253:
2250:
2244:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2185:www.casemine.com
2177:
2171:
2168:
2162:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2123:
2115:
2109:
2099:
2093:
2087:
2081:
2074:
2068:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1997:
1983:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1955:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1866:
1860:
1854:
1845:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1812:
1806:
1805:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1759:
1742:
1739:
1733:
1730:
1620:Title (property)
1317:assumed to have
1160:Ofulue v Bossert
980:English land law
969:English land law
937:Ofulue v Bossert
925:
911:
832:
825:
818:
809:
779:registered title
567:
560:
553:
534:Higher category:
480:Security deposit
277:Estoppel by deed
220:Leasehold estate
93:Unowned property
56:
42:
21:
4380:
4379:
4375:
4374:
4373:
4371:
4370:
4369:
4335:
4334:
4333:
4328:
4310:
4264:
4228:Legal framework
4223:
4157:
4036:
4005:
3924:Squatter groups
3919:
3915:
3910:
3884:
3879:
3849:
3844:
3797:
3701:
3620:
3561:Hard money loan
3533:
3527:
3508:Rent regulation
3399:
3363:
3263:
3182:
3164:
3159:
3129:
3112:
3110:Further reading
3102:
3087:
3074:
3071:
3066:
3065:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3026:
3021:
3020:
3016:
3001:
2986:
2985:
2978:
2968:
2966:
2958:
2957:
2953:
2943:
2941:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2918:
2916:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2891:
2889:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2871:
2864:
2854:
2852:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2829:
2827:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2806:
2804:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2782:
2778:
2770:
2766:
2761:. 30 June 2016.
2753:
2752:
2741:
2731:
2729:
2721:
2720:
2716:
2711:(3): 1057–1103.
2698:
2697:
2693:
2683:
2681:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2645:
2630:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2610:
2608:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2580:
2578:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2550:
2548:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2525:
2523:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2499:
2497:
2484:
2483:
2476:
2466:
2464:
2455:
2454:
2447:
2437:
2435:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2415:
2413:
2405:
2404:
2397:
2387:
2385:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2364:
2360:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2331:
2327:
2322:
2318:
2313:
2309:
2304:
2300:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2282:
2272:
2270:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2247:
2234:
2230:
2225:
2221:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2189:
2187:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2165:
2154:
2150:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2130:
2126:
2116:
2112:
2100:
2096:
2088:
2084:
2075:
2071:
2059:
2055:
2045:
2043:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2021:
2017:
2013:, p. 1128.
2009:
2005:
1995:
1993:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1970:
1968:
1957:
1956:
1952:
1942:
1940:
1932:
1931:
1927:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1881:
1868:
1867:
1863:
1855:
1848:
1840:
1836:
1829:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1802:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1772:
1770:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1745:
1740:
1736:
1731:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1702:Property rights
1626:Pedis possessio
1600:
1584:
1549:
1544:
1503:
1478:
1462:
1393:owner of record
1297:
1251:
1237:
1224:
1168:
1122:
1068:
1055:
1049:
986:
978:Main articles:
976:
971:
961:
951:
941:
929:
923:
915:
909:
901:
889:
879:
865:
851:
839:
836:
806:
728:Napoleonic Code
713:
699:
677:the Danish Code
625:
571:
532:
419:Property rights
417:
265:
203:Future interest
191:
168:Estates in land
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4378:
4376:
4368:
4367:
4362:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4337:
4336:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4326:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4309:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4272:
4270:
4266:
4265:
4263:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4231:
4229:
4225:
4224:
4222:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4194:Harry Hallowes
4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4165:
4163:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4143:St Agnes Place
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4118:Matilda Centre
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4088:Centro Iberico
4085:
4083:Cardboard City
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4044:
4042:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3936:Da! collective
3933:
3927:
3925:
3921:
3920:
3913:
3911:
3909:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3892:
3890:
3886:
3885:
3880:
3878:
3877:
3870:
3863:
3855:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3839:List of topics
3829:
3816:
3802:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3788:Urban planning
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3768:Property cycle
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3728:Gentrification
3725:
3720:
3715:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3702:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3667:Moving company
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3628:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3537:
3535:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3488:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3449:Eminent domain
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3419:Chain of title
3416:
3410:
3408:
3407:and regulation
3401:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3371:
3369:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3283:
3282:
3271:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3259:United Kingdom
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3183:
3181:
3180:
3175:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3135:
3128:
3127:External links
3125:
3124:
3123:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3106:
3100:
3085:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3040:
3014:
2999:
2976:
2951:
2926:
2899:
2874:
2862:
2837:
2814:
2789:
2776:
2764:
2739:
2727:Google Scholar
2714:
2691:
2665:
2643:
2618:
2588:
2558:
2546:Google Scholar
2533:
2521:Google Scholar
2507:
2474:
2463:. 1 March 2016
2445:
2423:
2395:
2383:www.bailii.org
2370:
2358:
2339:
2325:
2316:
2307:
2298:
2289:
2280:
2269:. Paragraph 68
2267:www.bailii.org
2254:
2245:
2228:
2219:
2197:
2172:
2163:
2148:
2133:
2124:
2110:
2094:
2082:
2069:
2053:
2027:
2025:, p. 174.
2015:
2011:Merrill (1985)
2003:
1991:global.oup.com
1987:"Introduction"
1978:
1950:
1925:
1912:10.2307/783887
1886:
1879:
1861:
1859:, p. 170.
1846:
1844:, p. 161.
1834:
1827:
1807:
1800:
1780:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1734:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1678:
1672:
1666:
1660:
1655:
1649:
1646:Uti possidetis
1642:
1636:
1630:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1583:
1580:
1548:
1547:Utilitarianism
1545:
1543:
1540:
1516:ex turpi causa
1502:
1499:
1477:
1474:
1461:
1458:
1412:eminent domain
1401:property taxes
1377:color of title
1296:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1280:property taxes
1276:
1273:
1266:
1259:Color of title
1250:
1247:
1236:
1233:
1223:
1220:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1167:
1164:
1136:House of Lords
1121:
1118:
1067:
1064:
1051:Main article:
1048:
1045:
973:
972:
966:
963:
962:
956:
953:
952:
946:
943:
942:
934:
931:
930:
920:
917:
916:
906:
903:
902:
894:
891:
890:
884:
881:
880:
870:
867:
866:
856:
853:
852:
844:
841:
840:
837:
835:
834:
827:
820:
812:
805:
802:
698:
695:
624:
621:
573:
572:
570:
569:
562:
555:
547:
544:
543:
531:
530:
525:
520:
507:
502:
494:
493:
485:
484:
483:
482:
477:
472:
467:
460:
453:
448:
443:
442:
441:
436:
426:
424:Mineral rights
421:
415:
410:
405:
400:
392:
391:
390:Related topics
387:
386:
385:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
351:
350:
344:
343:
342:
341:
336:
333:Shelley's Case
328:
323:
315:
314:
307:
306:
305:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
282:Quitclaim deed
279:
274:
269:
263:
258:
247:
246:
240:
239:
238:
237:
232:
227:
222:
217:
212:
211:
210:
200:
195:
189:
184:
179:
177:Allodial title
171:
170:
164:
163:
162:
161:
156:
151:
146:
144:Treasure trove
141:
136:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
103:
102:
98:
97:
96:
95:
90:
85:
80:
72:
71:
67:
66:
58:
57:
49:
48:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4377:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4358:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4325:
4317:
4316:
4313:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4269:Linked topics
4267:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4232:
4230:
4226:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4166:
4164:
4160:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4128:Oval Mansions
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4108:Lyndhurst Way
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4073:Bank of Ideas
4071:
4069:
4068:Argyle Street
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4043:
4041:Former squats
4039:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4008:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3971:Occupy London
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3951:Grow Heathrow
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3876:
3871:
3869:
3864:
3862:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3841:
3840:
3830:
3828:
3827:
3817:
3815:
3814:
3804:
3803:
3800:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3704:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3623:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3586:Mortgage loan
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3534:and valuation
3530:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3518:Torrens title
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3503:Real property
3501:
3497:
3494:
3493:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3402:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3366:
3360:
3357:
3355:
3352:
3350:
3347:
3345:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3332:Golf property
3330:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3167:
3163:
3156:
3151:
3149:
3144:
3142:
3137:
3136:
3133:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3097:
3093:
3092:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3060:(1): 187–202.
3059:
3055:
3051:
3044:
3041:
3036:
3032:
3025:
3018:
3015:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2996:
2992:
2991:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2965:
2961:
2955:
2952:
2940:
2936:
2930:
2927:
2914:
2910:
2903:
2900:
2888:
2884:
2878:
2875:
2869:
2867:
2863:
2851:
2847:
2841:
2838:
2825:
2818:
2815:
2803:
2799:
2793:
2790:
2786:
2780:
2777:
2773:
2768:
2765:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2740:
2728:
2724:
2718:
2715:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2695:
2692:
2680:
2676:
2669:
2666:
2650:
2646:
2644:9780873372664
2640:
2636:
2629:
2622:
2619:
2607:. 9 July 2010
2606:
2602:
2598:
2592:
2589:
2577:. 9 July 2010
2576:
2572:
2568:
2562:
2559:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2522:
2518:
2511:
2508:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2462:
2458:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2434:
2427:
2424:
2412:
2408:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2384:
2380:
2374:
2371:
2367:
2362:
2359:
2354:
2350:
2343:
2340:
2336:
2335:
2329:
2326:
2320:
2317:
2311:
2308:
2302:
2299:
2293:
2290:
2284:
2281:
2268:
2264:
2258:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2232:
2229:
2223:
2220:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2186:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2152:
2149:
2144:
2137:
2134:
2128:
2125:
2121:
2120:
2114:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2095:
2092:ss 15 and 17.
2091:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2073:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2054:
2041:
2037:
2031:
2028:
2024:
2019:
2016:
2012:
2007:
2004:
1992:
1988:
1982:
1979:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1954:
1951:
1939:
1935:
1929:
1926:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1890:
1887:
1882:
1876:
1872:
1865:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1838:
1835:
1830:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1811:
1808:
1803:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1784:
1781:
1768:
1764:
1758:
1755:
1748:
1738:
1735:
1729:
1726:
1719:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1592:antitrust law
1589:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1572:
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4179:Chumbawamba
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4063:491 Gallery
4048:12 Bar Club
3783:Urban decay
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3327:Arable land
3239:Puerto Rico
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3162:Real estate
3069:Works cited
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2807:15 November
2514:See, e.g.,
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1389:quiet title
1357:zoning laws
1278:Payment of
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877:EWCA Civ 30
673:Reformation
623:Description
594:legal title
235:Land tenure
230:Real estate
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3611:Remortgage
3395:Relocation
3194:Bangladesh
2826:. BankRate
2467:22 January
2388:3 February
2273:3 February
2190:27 January
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1639:Usucaption
1576:personhood
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1013:common law
798:Parliament
794:common law
750:common law
738:Parliament
732:bona fides
709:See also:
657:usucaption
637:time limit
635:setting a
582:common law
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490:common law
451:Assignment
311:Future use
182:Fee simple
159:Alienation
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1507:squatting
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1208:reversion
1094:intention
1021:21 Jas. 1
765:the Crown
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717:Roman law
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331:Rule in
287:Mortgage
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3996:WOMBLES
3896:Diggers
3826:Commons
3743:Indices
3625:Parties
3424:Closing
3368:Sectors
3119:(2008)
2892:1 April
2732:20 June
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