165:
399:
440:, Derbyshire, UK. The workshop report included a presentation on Information Management for Nanotechnology Safety and Health that described the development of a Nanoparticle Information Library (NIL) and noted that efforts to ensure the health and safety of nanotechnology workers and members of the public could be substantially enhanced by a coordinated approach to information management. The NIL subsequently served as an example for web-based sharing of characterization data for nanomaterials.
74:
126:
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Antoine; Gonzalez-Nilo, Fernando; Graf, Norbert; Grangeat, Pierre; Hermosilla, Isabel; Hussein, Rada; Kern, Josipa; Koch, Sabine; Legre, Yannick; Lopez-Alonso, Victoria; Lopez-Campos, Guillermo; Milanesi, Luciano; Moustakis, Vassilis; Munteanu, Cristian; Otero, Paula; Pazos, Alejandro; Perez-Rey, David; Potamias, George; Sanz, Ferran; Kulikowski, Casimir (7 March 2012).
1364:
Jeliazkova, Nina; Chomenidis, Charalampos; Doganis, Philip; Fadeel, Bengt; Grafström, Roland; Hardy, Barry; Hastings, Janna; Hegi, Markus; Jeliazkov, Vedrin; Kochev, Nikolay; Kohonen, Pekka; Munteanu, Cristian R; Sarimveis, Haralambos; Smeets, Bart; Sopasakis, Pantelis; Tsiliki, Georgia; Vorgrimmler,
443:
The
National Cancer Institute prepared in 2009 a rough vision of, what was then still called, nanotechnology informatics, outlining various aspects of what nanoinformatics should comprise. This was later followed by two roadmaps, detailing existing solutions, needs, and ideas on how the field should
308:
Nanoinformatics is especially useful in nanoparticle-based cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. They are very diverse in nature due to the combinatorially large numbers of chemical and physical modifications that can be made to them, which can cause drastic changes in their functional properties.
782:
Maojo, Victor; Fritts, Martin; Martin-Sanchez, Fernando; De la
Iglesia, Diana; Cachau, Raul E.; Garcia-Remesal, Miguel; Crespo, Jose; Mitchell, Joyce A.; Anguita, Alberto; Baker, Nathan; Barreiro, Jose Maria; Benitez, Sonia E.; De la Calle, Guillermo; Facelli, Julio C.; Ghazal, Peter; Geissbuhler,
589:
Hoover, Mark D.; Myers, David S.; Cash, Leigh J.; Guilmette, Raymond A.; Kreyling, Wolfgang G.; Oberdörster, Günter; Smith, Rachel; Cassata, James R.; Boecker, Bruce B. (2015-02-01). "Application of an
Informatics-Based Decision-Making Framework and Process to the Assessment of Radiation Safety in
423:
In some instances, the same individuals perform all four roles. More often, many individuals must interact, with their roles and responsibilities extending over significant distances, organizations, and time. Effective communication is important across each of the twelve links (in both directions
349:
due to the great opportunities for nanotechnology in medical applications, as well as to the importance of regulatory approvals to product commercialization. In these cases, the models target, their purposes, may be physico-chemical, estimating a property based on structure (quantitative
117:
and their representation in an informatics system. The context of nanoinformatics is that effective development and implementation of potential applications of nanotechnology requires the harnessing of information at the intersection of safety, health, well-being, and productivity;
2293:
Nanomaterials: A risk to health at Work? Report of
Presentations at Plenary and Workshop Sessions and Summary of Conclusions from the First International Symposium on Occupational Health Implications of Nanomaterials held 12-14 October 2004 at the Palace Hotel, Buxton, Derbyshire,
2266:
Nanomaterials: A risk to health at Work? Report of
Presentations at Plenary and Workshop Sessions and Summary of Conclusions from the First International Symposium on Occupational Health Implications of Nanomaterials held 12-14 October 2004 at the Palace Hotel, Buxton, Derbyshire,
435:
An early international workshop with substantial discussion of the need for sharing all types of information on nanotechnology and nanomaterials was the First
International Symposium on Occupational Health Implications of Nanomaterials held 12–14 October 2004 at the Palace Hotel,
1770:
Kaweeteerawat, Chitrada; Ivask, Angela; Liu, Rong; Zhang, Haiyuan; Chang, Chong Hyun; Low-Kam, Cecile; Fischer, Heidi; Ji, Zhaoxia; Pokhrel, Suman (2015-01-20). "Toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles in
Escherichia coli correlates with conduction band and hydration energies".
1951:
Winkler, David A.; Mombelli, Enrico; Pietroiusti, Antonio; Tran, Lang; Worth, Andrew; Fadeel, Bengt; McCall, Maxine J. (2013-11-08). "Applying quantitative structure-activity relationship approaches to nanotoxicology: current status and future potential".
155:
Although nanotechnology is the subject of significant experimentation, much of the data are not stored in standardized formats or broadly accessible. Nanoinformatics initiatives seek to coordinate developments of data standards and informatics methods.
313:
modelling for nanoparticle-based drugs. Nanoinformatics and biomolecular nanomodeling provide a route for effective cancer treatment. Nanoinformatics also enables a data-driven approach to the design of materials to meet health and environmental needs.
113:, having distributions of these properties that must also be specified. These molecular-scale properties influence their macroscopic chemical and physical properties, as well as their biological effects. They are important in both the experimental
1822:
Puzyn, Tomasz; Rasulev, Bakhtiyor; Gajewicz, Agnieszka; Hu, Xiaoke; Dasari, Thabitha P.; Michalkova, Andrea; Hwang, Huey-Min; Toropov, Andrey; Leszczynska, Danuta (2011). "Using nano-QSAR to predict the cytotoxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles".
342:) and some abstract (ontology, mathematical formulae), and all intended as a representation of the target system. Models can be used in experimental design, may substitute for experiment or may simulate how a complex system changes over time.
1933:
281:
The eNanoMapper database, a project of the EU NanoSafety
Cluster, is a deployment of the database software developed in the eNanoMapper project. It has since been used in other settings, such as the EU Observatory for NanoMaterials (EUON).
30:. It is an interdisciplinary field that develops methods and software tools for understanding nanomaterials, their properties, and their interactions with biological entities, and using that information more efficiently. It differs from
488:
Hassellöv, Martin; Readman, James W.; Ranville, James F.; Tiede, Karen (2008-07-01). "Nanoparticle analysis and characterization methodologies in environmental risk assessment of engineered nanoparticles".
1576:
Sharma, Neha; Sharma, Mala; Sajid Jamal, Qazi M.; Kamal, Mohammad A.; Akhtar, Salman (2019-04-25). "Nanoinformatics and biomolecular nanomodeling: a novel move en route for effective cancer treatment".
410:
Customers, who need either the methods to create the data, the data itself, or both, and who specify the scientific applications and characterization methods and data needs for their intended purposes;
207:. The eNanoMapper Ontology is more recent and reuses wherever possible already existing domain ontologies. As such, it reuses and extends the NanoParticle Ontology, but also the BioAssay Ontology,
543:
Powers, Kevin W.; Palazuelos, Maria; Moudgil, Brij M.; Roberts, Stephen M. (2007-01-01). "Characterization of the size, shape, and state of dispersion of nanoparticles for toxicological studies".
372:, which acts as a motive force in QSAR/PBTK models; and they may dissolve in vivo or have band gaps. Illustrative of current QSAR and PBTK models are those of Puzyn et al. and Bachler et al. The
696:
Diana, De la
Iglesia; Stacey, Harper; Mark D, Hoover; Fred, Klaessig; Phil, Lippell; Bettye, Maddux; Jeffrey, Morse; Andre, Nel; Krishna, Rajan; Rebecca, Reznik-Zellen; Mark T., Tuominen (2011).
654:
Hoover, M.D.; Cash, L.J.; Feitshans, I.L; Hendren, C.O.; Harper, S.L. (2018). "A Nanoinformatics
Approach to Safety, Health, Well-being, and Productivity". In Hull, M.S.; Bowman, D.M. (eds.).
334:
to populate databases so that trends, regularities and theories will be uncovered for use as predictive computational tools. Models are involved at each stage, some material (experiments,
180:, using hierarchies of terms including their definitions, attributes, and relations. Ontologies provide a common terminology in a machine-readable framework that facilitates sharing and
2307:
Miller, Arthur L.; Hoover, Mark D.; Mitchell, David M.; Stapleton, Brian P. (2007). "The Nanoparticle Information Library (NIL): a prototype for linking and sharing emerging data".
419:
Analysts, who develop and apply methods and models for data analysis and interpretation that are consistent with the quality and quantity of the data and that meet customers’ needs.
368:
Particles differ from molecular entities, especially in having surfaces that challenge nomenclature system and QSAR/PBTK model development. For example, particles do not exhibit an
137:
Determining which information is relevant to meeting the safety, health, well-being, and productivity objectives of the nanoscale science, engineering, and technology community;
77:
Context of nanoinformatics as a convergence of science and practice at the nexus of safety, health, well-being, and productivity; risk management; and emerging nanotechnology.
455:
A 2013 workshop on nanoinformatics described current resources, community needs and the proposal of a collaborative framework for data sharing and information integration.
2158:
Woodall, George M.; Hoover, Mark D.; Williams, Ronald; Benedict, Kristen; Harper, Martin; Soo, Jhy-Charm; Jarabek, Annie M.; Stewart, Michael J.; Brown, James S. (2017).
351:
2373:
Harper, Stacey L.; Hutchison, James E.; Baker, Nathan; Ostraat, Michele; Tinkle, Sally; Steevens, Jeffrey; Hoover, Mark D.; Adamick, Jessica; Rajan, Krishna (2013).
1200:
Willighagen, Egon; Jeliazkov, Vedrin; Jeliazkova, Nina; Smeets, Bart; P. Mustad, Axel (7 October 2014). "Summary of the Spring 2014 NSC Database Survey". Figshare.
355:
191:
The NanoParticle Ontology is an ontology for the preparation, chemical composition, and characterization of nanomaterials involved in cancer research. It uses the
2375:"Nanoinformatics workshop report: Current resources, community needs, and the proposal of a collaborative framework for data sharing and information integration"
891:
Thomas, Dennis G; Gaheen, Sharon; Harper, Stacey L; Fritts, Martin; Klaessig, Fred; Hahn-Dantona, Elizabeth; Paik, David; Pan, Sue; Stafford, Grace A (2013).
406:
Individuals who engage in nanoinformatics can be viewed as fitting across four categories of roles and responsibilities for nanoinformatics methods and data:
2464:
2160:"Interpreting Mobile and Handheld Air Sensor Readings in Relation to Air Quality Standards and Health Effect Reference Values: Tackling the Challenges"
164:
251:
Nanoinformatics is not limited to aggregating and sharing information about nanotechnologies, but has many complementary tools, some originating from
285:
Other databases include the Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology's NanoInformatics Knowledge Commons (NIKC) and NanoDatabank,
369:
840:
Hastings, Janna; Jeliazkova, Nina; Owen, Gareth; Tsiliki, Georgia; Munteanu, Cristian R; Steinbeck, Christoph; Willighagen, Egon (21 March 2015).
200:
1696:
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modeling and Simulations : Principles, Methods, and Applications in the Pharmaceutical Industry
140:
Developing and implementing effective mechanisms for collecting, validating, storing, sharing, analyzing, modeling, and applying the information;
1940:. OECD Environment Health and Safety Publications Series on Testing and Assessment No. 69. Organization for Co-operation and Development. 2007.
1645:
1091:
42:
collections of particles that have distributions of physical properties that must be specified. The nanoinformatics infrastructure includes
376:
has codified regulatory acceptance criteria, and there are guidance roadmaps with supporting workshops to coordinate international efforts.
143:
Confirming that appropriate decisions were made and that desired mission outcomes were achieved as a result of that information; and finally
133:
One working definition of nanoinformatics developed through the community-based Nanoinformatics 2020 Roadmap and subsequently expanded is:
310:
58:
227:
Flowchart depicting the ways to identify different components of a material sample to guide the creation of an ISA-TAB-Nano Material file
1703:
236:
2103:"The Nanomaterial Data Curation Initiative: A collaborative approach to assessing, evaluating, and advancing the state of the field"
1670:
671:
114:
2225:
Porter, Alan L.; Youtie, Jan; Shapira, Philip; Schoeneck, David J. (3 August 2007). "Refining search terms for nanotechnology".
1628:
Rajan, Krishnan (2018). "Data-Driven Materials Design for Health and Environmental Needs". In Hull, M.S.; Bowman, D.M. (eds.).
1248:
Gaheen, Sharon; Hinkal, George W; Morris, Stephanie A; Lijowski, Michal; Heiskanen, Mervi; Klemm, Juli D (21 November 2013).
1114:
Melagraki, Georgia; Afantitis, Antreas (February 2018). "Computational toxicology: From cheminformatics to nanoinformatics".
331:
173:
43:
413:
Creators, who develop relevant and reliable methods and data to meet the needs of customers in the nanotechnology community;
1440:
335:
231:
ISA-TAB-Nano is a set of four spreadsheet-based file formats for representing and sharing nanomaterial data, based on the
146:
Conveying experience to the broader community, contributing to generalized knowledge, and updating standards and training.
2284:
Hoover, Mark D.; Miller, Arthur L.; Lowe, Nathan T.; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.; Day, Gregory L.; Linch, Kenneth D. (2004).
395:
National Cancer Informatics Program's Nanotechnology Working Group, and the US–EU Nanotechnology Communities of Research.
424:
across each of the six pairwise interactions) that exist among the various customers, creators, curators, and analysts.
208:
350:
structure–property relationship, QSPR); or biological, predicting biological activity based on molecular structure (
1661:
Frigg, Roman; Nguyen, James (2017). "Models and representation". In Magnani, Lorenzo; Bertolotti, Tommaso (eds.).
999:
González-Beltrán, Alejandra; Maguire, Eamonn; Sansone, Susanna-Assunta; Rocca-Serra, Philippe (27 November 2014).
398:
309:
This leads to a combinatorial complexity that far exceeds, for example, genomic data. Nanoinformatics can enable
392:
271:
1307:"The Nanomaterial Registry: facilitating the sharing and analysis of data in the diverse nanomaterial community"
289:'s Nano Exposure & Contextual Information Database (NECID), Data and Knowledge on Nanomaterials (DaNa), and
1934:"Guidance Document on the Validation of (Quantitative) Structure-Activity Relationship [(Q)SAR] Models"
2448:
432:
One of the first mentions of nanoinformatics was in the context of handling information about nanotechnology.
2469:
1551:"Springer Nature expands its nanotechnology research solution with the inclusion of over 22 million patents"
106:
53:, allowing the use of high-throughput data-driven methods to analyze broad sets of experimental results.
305:, allowing the use of high-throughput data-driven methods to analyze broad sets of experimental results.
89:, nanoparticles have other physical properties that must be measured for a complete description, such as
1221:
950:
Marchese Robinson, Richard L; Cronin, Mark T D; Richarz, Andrea-Nicole; Rallo, Robert (5 October 2015).
469:
388:
327:
240:
196:
192:
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1832:
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302:
301:
Nanoinformatics has applications for improving workflows in fundamental research, manufacturing, and
82:
50:
49:
Nanoinformatics has applications for improving workflows in fundamental research, manufacturing, and
2053:
952:"An ISA-TAB-Nano based data collection framework to support data-driven modelling of nanotoxicology"
73:
1081:
181:
177:
125:
1550:
893:"ISA-TAB-Nano: A Specification for Sharing Nanomaterial Research Data in Spreadsheet-based Format"
2340:
2242:
1610:
1346:
1209:
822:
631:
568:
522:
1508:
842:"eNanoMapper: harnessing ontologies to enable data integration for nanomaterial risk assessment"
274:, focuses on nanotechnologies related to biomedicine. The NanoMaterials Registry, maintained by
2420:
2402:
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2324:
2207:
2189:
2140:
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1987:
1979:
1915:
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1856:
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1804:
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1752:
1744:
1727:
Fujita, Toshio; Winkler, David A. (2016-02-22). "Understanding the Roles of the "Two QSARs"".
1709:
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514:
506:
275:
2101:
Hendren, Christine Ogilvie; Powers, Christina M.; Hoover, Mark D.; Harper, Stacey L. (2015).
232:
129:
A graphical representation of a working definition of nanoinformatics as a life-cycle process
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1969:
1961:
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863:
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804:
796:
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746:
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659:
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552:
498:
362:
322:
Viewed as a workflow process, nanoinformatics deconstructs experimental studies using data,
2285:
2264:
1083:
Data logging templates for the environmental, health and safety assessment of nanomaterials
235:
metadata standard. In Europe, other templates have been adopted that were developed by the
1234:
464:
290:
252:
119:
98:
31:
1876:"A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for ionic silver and silver nanoparticles"
2175:
1836:
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1333:
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1000:
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951:
927:
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841:
809:
784:
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734:
663:
385:
359:
346:
339:
256:
223:
62:
27:
1305:
Mills, Karmann; Ostraat, Michele L; Guzan, Kimberly; Murry, Damaris (September 2013).
2458:
1614:
572:
416:
Curators, who maintain and ensure the quality of the methods and associated data; and
188:
due to the need of researchers to search, access, and analyze large amounts of data.
102:
90:
86:
35:
2246:
1350:
1213:
635:
526:
2344:
1205:
826:
185:
184:
of data. Having an established ontology for nanoparticles is important for cancer
54:
1630:
Nanotechnology Environmental Health and Safety: Risks, Regulation, and Management
656:
Nanotechnology Environmental Health and Safety: Risks, Regulation, and Management
1017:
603:
23:
1590:
2320:
2238:
1965:
1250:"caNanoLab: data sharing to expedite the use of nanotechnology in biomedicine"
1127:
858:
800:
750:
556:
502:
110:
39:
2406:
2328:
2193:
2126:
1983:
1901:
1852:
1800:
1748:
1740:
1713:
1680:
1598:
918:
611:
564:
510:
1513:
Partnership for European Research in Occupational Safety and Health (PEROSH)
278:, is a curated database of nanomaterials, and includes data from caNanoLab.
2424:
2336:
2211:
2144:
1991:
1919:
1860:
1808:
1756:
1606:
1400:
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1186:
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518:
267:
Over the last couple of years, various databases have been made available.
2444:
1844:
2440:
2184:
2118:
1382:
1167:
967:
785:"Nanoinformatics: developing new computing applications for nanomedicine"
712:
323:
57:
applications include analysis of nanoparticle-based pharmaceuticals for
1892:
1323:
1974:
1792:
733:
Thomas, Dennis G.; Pappu, Rohit V.; Baker, Nathan A. (February 2011).
619:
1484:
1001:"linkedISA: semantic representation of ISA-Tab experimental metadata"
437:
402:
Nanoinformatics roles, responsibilities, and communication interfaces
286:
204:
2029:
2005:
1532:
1414:
1874:
Bachler, Gerald; von Goetz, Natalie; HungerbĂĽhler, Konrad (2013).
397:
222:
212:
163:
124:
94:
72:
373:
1367:"The eNanoMapper database for nanomaterial safety information"
2286:"Information Management for Nanotechnology Safety and Health"
1509:"Nano Exposure & Contextual Information Database (NECID)"
1467:"Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology"
1471:
Center for the Environmental Implications of NanoTechnology
1579:
Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
1466:
1080:
Totaro, Sara; Crutzen, Hugues; Sintes, Juan Riego (2017).
735:"NanoParticle Ontology for cancer nanotechnology research"
1441:"Echa adds new databases to EU nanomaterials observatory"
1151:"Nanoinformatics: Emerging Databases and Available Tools"
2296:. Buxton, UK: Health and Safety Laboratory. p. 110.
354:, QSAR) or the time-course development of a simulation (
109:. In addition, preparations of nanoparticles are often
46:
for nanomaterials, file formats, and data repositories.
1149:
Panneerselvam, Suresh; Choi, Sangdun (25 April 2014).
2077:
1632:(3rd ed.). Oxford: Elsevier. pp. 119–150.
168:
An overview of the eNanoMapper nanomaterial ontology
81:
While conventional chemicals are specified by their
658:(3rd ed.). Oxford: Elsevier. pp. 83–117.
1533:"Nanoparticles & Nanomaterials Knowledge Base"
384:Communities active in nanoinformatics include the
2309:Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
176:is a formal representation of knowledge within a
1665:. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. pp. 49–102.
345:At present, nanoinformatics is an extension of
2078:"US–EU Nanotechnology Communities of Research"
358:, PBTK). Each of these has been explored for
8:
2082:US–EU Nanotechnology Communities of Research
1729:Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling
1415:"Echa launches EU nanomaterials observatory"
352:quantitative structure–activity relationship
2273:. Buxton, UK: Health and Safety Laboratory.
1155:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
172:In the context of information science, an
2414:
2201:
2183:
2134:
1973:
1909:
1891:
1390:
1365:David; Willighagen, Egon (27 July 2015).
1332:
1322:
1281:
1176:
1166:
1026:
1016:
975:
926:
908:
867:
857:
808:
758:
1663:Springer handbook of model-based science
2034:National Cancer Informatics Program Hub
480:
201:National Center for Biomedical Ontology
2360:Nanotechnology Informatics White Paper
1773:Environmental Science & Technology
1230:
1219:
365:with a supporting body of literature.
2379:Computational Science & Discovery
2258:
2256:
1880:International Journal of Nanomedicine
1311:International Journal of Nanomedicine
1254:Computational Science & Discovery
1050:
1048:
1046:
7:
1056:"EU US Roadmap Nanoinformatics 2030"
728:
726:
724:
722:
691:
689:
687:
685:
683:
649:
647:
645:
584:
582:
538:
536:
356:physiologically based toxicokinetics
195:framework and is implemented in the
2107:Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
1537:Data and Knowledge on Nanomaterials
1371:Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
956:Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
370:octanol–water partition coefficient
1638:10.1016/B978-0-12-813588-4.00005-1
705:National Nanomanufacturing Network
664:10.1016/B978-0-12-813588-4.00005-1
450:EU US Roadmap Nanoinformatics 2030
237:Institute of Occupational Medicine
14:
2465:Information science by discipline
739:Journal of Biomedical Informatics
270:caNanoLab, developed by the U.S.
115:characterization of nanoparticles
2227:Journal of Nanoparticle Research
59:structure–activity relationships
2358:Baker, Nathan (February 2009).
846:Journal of Biomedical Semantics
311:structure–activity relationship
122:; and emerging nanotechnology.
2058:U.S. National Cancer Institute
2054:"Nanotechnology Working Group"
2030:"Nanotechnology Working Group"
2006:"About the NanoSafety Cluster"
1694:Peters, Sheila Annie. (2011).
1206:10.6084/m9.figshare.1195888.v1
698:"Nanoinformatics 2020 Roadmap"
1:
2399:10.1088/1749-4699/6/1/014008
1274:10.1088/1749-4699/6/1/014010
1116:Food and Chemical Toxicology
446:Nanoinformatics 2020 Roadmap
209:Experimental Factor Ontology
16:Informatics of nanomaterials
1018:10.1186/1471-2105-15-S14-S4
604:10.1097/HP.0000000000000250
2486:
1591:10.1007/s11356-019-05152-8
263:Databases and repositories
2321:10.1080/15459620701683947
2263:Mark, David, ed. (2004).
2239:10.1007/s11051-007-9266-y
1966:10.1016/j.tox.2012.11.005
1128:10.1016/j.fct.2018.01.014
859:10.1186/s13326-015-0005-5
801:10.1007/s00607-012-0191-2
751:10.1016/j.jbi.2010.03.001
557:10.1080/17435390701314902
503:10.1007/s10646-008-0225-x
393:National Cancer Institute
272:National Cancer Institute
243:for the NANoREG project.
2291:. In Mark, David (ed.).
1741:10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00229
1698:. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.
2391:2013CS&D....6a4008H
1266:2013CS&D....6a4010G
328:controlled vocabularies
199:. It is hosted by the
61:in a similar manner to
1229:Cite journal requires
910:10.1186/1472-6750-13-2
403:
228:
169:
130:
78:
22:is the application of
2010:EU NanoSafety Cluster
1938:www.oecd-ilibrary.org
1845:10.1038/nnano.2011.10
1825:Nature Nanotechnology
1060:EU NanoSafety Cluster
470:Materials informatics
444:further develop: the
401:
318:Modeling and NanoQSAR
241:Joint Research Centre
226:
211:, Unit Ontology, and
197:Web Ontology Language
193:Basic Formal Ontology
167:
128:
76:
2185:10.3390/atmos8100182
2119:10.3762/bjnano.6.179
1383:10.3762/bjnano.6.165
1168:10.3390/ijms15057158
968:10.3762/bjnano.6.202
713:10.4053/rp001-110413
303:environmental health
151:Data representations
83:chemical composition
51:environmental health
2176:2017Atmos...8..182W
1837:2011NatNa...6..175P
1785:2015EnST...49.1105K
1585:(16): 19127–19141.
336:reference materials
1893:10.2147/IJN.S46624
1557:. 26 February 2019
1324:10.2147/IJN.S40722
1005:BMC Bioinformatics
404:
389:NanoSafety Cluster
293:'s Nano database.
229:
203:and maintained on
170:
131:
99:surface properties
79:
1793:10.1021/es504259s
1647:978-0-12-813588-4
1317:(Suppl 1): 7–13.
1093:978-92-79-62614-2
897:BMC Biotechnology
590:Nanotechnology".
276:RTI International
2477:
2429:
2428:
2418:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2315:(12): D131–134.
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2019:
2017:
2016:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1977:
1948:
1942:
1941:
1930:
1924:
1923:
1913:
1895:
1871:
1865:
1864:
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1813:
1812:
1779:(2): 1105–1112.
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363:drug development
253:chemoinformatics
107:dispersion state
38:usually involve
2485:
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465:Cheminformatics
461:
430:
382:
340:model organisms
320:
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291:Springer Nature
265:
249:
221:
162:
153:
120:risk management
71:
32:cheminformatics
20:Nanoinformatics
17:
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11:
5:
2483:
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2473:
2472:
2470:Nanotechnology
2467:
2457:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2436:
2435:External links
2433:
2431:
2430:
2365:
2350:
2299:
2276:
2252:
2233:(5): 715–728.
2217:
2150:
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2045:
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1997:
1943:
1925:
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1831:(3): 175–178.
1814:
1762:
1735:(2): 269–274.
1719:
1705:978-0470484067
1704:
1686:
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1653:
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1620:
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1524:
1500:
1485:"NanoDatabank"
1476:
1458:
1447:. 12 June 2018
1445:Chemical Watch
1432:
1421:. 15 June 2017
1419:Chemical Watch
1406:
1356:
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1231:|journal=
1192:
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592:Health Physics
578:
545:Nanotoxicology
532:
497:(5): 344–361.
479:
477:
474:
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472:
467:
460:
457:
429:
426:
421:
420:
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386:European Union
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360:small molecule
347:bioinformatics
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2113:: 1752–1762.
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1886:: 3365–3382.
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1559:. Retrieved
1554:
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1516:. Retrieved
1512:
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1492:. Retrieved
1489:Nanoinfo.org
1488:
1479:
1470:
1461:
1449:. Retrieved
1444:
1435:
1423:. Retrieved
1418:
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1222:cite journal
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1097:. Retrieved
1082:
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1064:. Retrieved
1062:. 2018-11-15
1059:
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297:Applications
284:
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230:
219:File formats
190:
186:nanomedicine
171:
154:
132:
80:
55:Nanomedicine
48:
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2170:(10): 182.
1555:EurekAlert!
1122:: 476–477.
1011:(S14): S4.
391:, The U.S.
380:Communities
111:non-uniform
24:informatics
2459:Categories
2164:Atmosphere
2087:2019-05-28
2063:2019-05-28
2039:2019-05-28
2015:2019-05-28
1975:2108/67551
1954:Toxicology
1518:2019-05-24
1494:2019-06-07
1066:2019-04-24
476:References
332:ontologies
160:Ontologies
69:Background
44:ontologies
40:nonuniform
2445:Q61911710
2407:1749-4699
2329:1545-9624
2194:2073-4433
2127:2190-4286
1984:1879-3185
1902:1178-2013
1853:1748-3395
1801:1520-5851
1749:1549-960X
1714:794619804
1681:987910975
1615:133607980
1599:1614-7499
919:1472-6750
852:(1): 10.
789:Computing
612:0017-9078
573:137174566
565:1743-5390
511:0963-9292
182:discovery
2441:Wikidata
2425:24454543
2337:17924276
2247:56232588
2212:29093969
2145:26425427
1992:23165187
1920:24039420
1861:21317892
1809:25563693
1757:26754147
1607:31025282
1451:29 March
1425:29 March
1401:26425413
1351:11673414
1343:24098075
1292:25364375
1214:62739488
1187:24776761
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1037:25472428
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937:23311978
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707:: 9–13.
636:42732844
628:25551501
527:25291395
519:18483764
459:See also
448:and the
324:metadata
174:ontology
34:in that
2449:Scholia
2416:3895330
2387:Bibcode
2345:7518070
2203:5662140
2172:Bibcode
2136:4578388
1911:3771750
1833:Bibcode
1781:Bibcode
1392:4578352
1334:3790275
1283:4215642
1262:Bibcode
1178:4057665
1028:4255742
977:4660926
928:3598649
869:4374589
827:1770704
810:3430140
760:3042056
620:1239283
428:History
233:ISA-TAB
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438:Buxton
287:PEROSH
205:GitHub
178:domain
105:, and
85:, and
2341:S2CID
2289:(PDF)
2271:(PDF)
2243:S2CID
1611:S2CID
1347:S2CID
1210:S2CID
823:S2CID
701:(PDF)
632:S2CID
569:S2CID
523:S2CID
247:Tools
213:ChEBI
95:shape
2421:PMID
2403:ISSN
2333:PMID
2325:ISSN
2208:PMID
2190:ISSN
2141:PMID
2123:ISSN
1988:PMID
1980:ISSN
1916:PMID
1898:ISSN
1857:PMID
1849:ISSN
1805:PMID
1797:ISSN
1753:PMID
1745:ISSN
1710:OCLC
1700:ISBN
1677:OCLC
1667:ISBN
1642:ISBN
1603:PMID
1595:ISSN
1563:2019
1453:2019
1427:2019
1397:PMID
1339:PMID
1288:PMID
1235:help
1183:PMID
1132:PMID
1101:2019
1088:ISBN
1033:PMID
982:PMID
933:PMID
915:ISSN
874:PMID
815:PMID
765:PMID
668:ISBN
624:PMID
616:OSTI
608:ISSN
561:ISSN
515:PMID
507:ISSN
374:OECD
330:and
255:and
91:size
2411:PMC
2395:doi
2317:doi
2235:doi
2198:PMC
2180:doi
2131:PMC
2115:doi
1970:hdl
1962:doi
1958:313
1906:PMC
1888:doi
1841:doi
1789:doi
1737:doi
1634:doi
1587:doi
1387:PMC
1379:doi
1329:PMC
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