465:
454:
25:
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183:
that all of the North
American dogs shared a common ancestor dated 14,600 BC, and this ancestor had diverged along with the ancestor of the Zhokhov dog from their common ancestor 15,600 BC. The timing of the Koster dogs shows that dogs entered North America from Siberia 4,500 years after humans did,
795:
Ní Leathlobhair, Máire; Perri, Angela R; Irving-Pease, Evan K; Witt, Kelsey E; Linderholm, Anna; Haile, James; Lebrasseur, Ophelie; Ameen, Carly; Blick, Jeffrey; Boyko, Adam R; Brace, Selina; Cortes, Yahaira Nunes; Crockford, Susan J; Devault, Alison; Dimopoulos, Evangelos A; Eldridge, Morley; Enk,
716:
In 2018, a study compared sequences of fossil North
American dogs with fossil Siberian dogs and modern dogs. The study indicates that dogs entered North America from Siberia 4,500 years after humans did, were isolated for 9,000 years, and after contact with Europeans these no longer exist because
685:
Today, most Native
American dog breeds have gone extinct, mostly replaced by dogs of European descent. The few breeds that have been identified as Native American, such as the Inuit Sled Dog, the Eskimo Dog, the Greenland Dog and the Carolina Dog have remained mostly genetically unchanged since
236:
In South
America, the introduction of the dog took place sometime between 7,500 and 4,500 BP (5550–2550 BCE). Findings for dogs in South America get only denser by 3,500 BP (1550 BCE) but seem to be restricted to agricultural areas in the Andes. The oldest finding of a dog for Brazil is
1545:
van Asch, Barbara; Zhang, Ai-bing; Oskarsson, Mattias C. R.; Klutsch, Cornelya F. C.; Amorim, Antonio; Savolainen, Peter (2013). "Pre-Columbian
Origins of Native American Dog Breeds, With Only Limited Replacement by European Dogs, Confirmed by mtDNA Analysis".
1154:
van Asch, Barbara; Zhang, Ai-bing; Oskarsson, Mattias C. R.; Klutsch, Cornelya F. C.; Amorim, Antonio; Savolainen, Peter (2013). "Pre-Columbian
Origins of Native American Dog Breeds, With Only Limited Replacement by European Dogs, Confirmed by mtDNA Analysis".
122:
796:
Jacob; Gopalakrishnan, Shyam; Gori, Kevin; Grimes, Vaughan; Guiry, Eric; Hansen, Anders J; Hulme-Beaman, Ardern; Johnson, John; Kitchen, Andrew; Kasparov, Aleksei K; Kwon, Young-Mi; Nikolskiy, Pavel A; Lope, Carlos Peraza; et al. (2018).
353:
breed, as pets. Some well-preserved and intact dog mummies and other burials with grave goods, such as blankets and food, have been interpreted as pertaining to dogs that were considered to have had familial status. At the
1093:
Luciano Prates, Francisco J. Prevosti, Mónica Berón: First records of
Prehispanic dogs in southern South America (Pampa-Patagonia, Argentina). In: Current Anthropology, volume 51, number. 2, April 2010, pp. 273-280, doi:
187:
The pre-contact dogs exhibit a unique genetic signature that is now gone, with DNA from the cell nucleus indicating that their nearest genetic relatives today are the Arctic breed dogs—Alaskan
Malamutes, Greenland Dogs,
1584:
1037:
909:
Leonard, Jennifer A.; Wayne, Rober K.; Wheeler, Jane; Valadez, Raul; Guillen, Sonia; Vila, Carles (2002). "Ancient DNA Evidence for Old World Origin of New World Dogs".
858:
Leonard, Jennifer A.; Wayne, Rober K.; Wheeler, Jane; Valadez, Raul; Guillen, Sonia; Vila, Carles (2002). "Ancient DNA Evidence for Old World Origin of New World Dogs".
203:
It is theorized that there were four separate introductions of the dog over the past nine thousand years, in which five different lineages were founded in the
Americas.
1188:
253:
1103:
Berrin, Katherine & Larco Museum. The Spirit of
Ancient Peru:Treasures from the Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera. New York:Thames and Hudson, 1997.
422:
abilities, such as the ability to see spirits, and was seen as a particularly good psychopomp. In Inca times, the dog was also heavily associated with the
1284:
164:, Utah, a site which has been dated to between 9,000 and 10,000 years BC. These New World dogs have been shown to descend from Old World Eurasian
362:, dogs with no evidence that would indicate sacrifice have been found in mortuary contexts with and near individuals of apparent high status.
713:, therefore making it a Native American dog. In South America, on the other hand, free-ranging dogs are almost entirely of European descent.
42:
184:
were isolated for the next 9,000 years, and after contact with Europeans these no longer exist because they were replaced by Eurasian dogs.
133:
402:, archaeologists uncovered the burials of over a hundred dogs with physical signs of sacrifice. Dogs were sometimes considered to be
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89:
61:
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46:
68:
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dog fossils and modern dogs. The nearest relative to the North American fossils was a 9,000 BC fossil discovered on
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dogs exhibit a unique genetic signature that is also now gone, with their nearest living relative being the modern
276:
230:
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35:
1488:
57:
1265:
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There are numerous historical accounts of indigenous peoples eating dog meat. In their journals from their
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179:, Arctic north-eastern Siberia, which was connected to the mainland at that time. The study inferred from
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during the 14th century C.E., several coyotes seem to have been treated identically to domestic dogs.
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In South America, several different cultures sacrificed dogs in religious ceremonies. At the site of
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The aboriginal dogs of the Native Americans were described as looking and sounding like wolves. The
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82:
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998:"What Makes a Dog? Stable Isotope Analysis and Human-canid Relationships at Arroyo Hondo Pueblo"
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16:
Dog landraces & breeds raised, created by, and living with people indigenous to the Americas
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from Asia and had developed into the breed seen today in Mexico by at least 3,500 years ago.
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How has the domestication of dogs impacted native North American culture and way of life?
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1055:
Guedes Milheira, R.; Loponte, D. M.; García Esponda, C.; Acosta, A.; Ulguim, P. (2017).
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1057:"The First Record of a Pre-Columbian Domestic Dog (Canis lupus familiaris ) in Brazil"
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differ in origin from North to South America. In North America, the Carolina dog has
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had a clan that shaved their children's heads in three tails, each to symbolize a
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of Argentina the oldest is dated as 930 BP (1020 CE). In Peru, depictions of
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mention dog consumption by many of the indigenous tribes they encountered.
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1285:"Barking Up The Family Tree: American Dogs Have Surprising Genetic Roots"
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973:"Was the Hare Indian dog a domesticated coyote? | Natural History"
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In 2018, a study compared sequences of North American dog fossils with
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1218:"Barks From The Past – 10 Extinct Dog Breeds | Dog Reflections"
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996:
Monagle, Victoria; Conrad, Cyler; Jones, Emily Lena (2018-09-18).
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144:, today they make up a fraction of dog breeds that range from the
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374:. They pulled the game, tipi, and other items for their masters.
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The earliest evidence for dogs in the Americas can be found in
1040:". National Geographic News. 2017-11-22. Retrieved 2020-01-06.
18:
1367:"History of canids in Chile and impacts on prey adaptations"
709:. This suggests that it migrated to North America through
669:
Breeds potentially having partial Native American origins:
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to between 1701 and 1526 cal BP (249–424 CE), and for the
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vessels and continue in later Andean ceramic traditions.
960:
Dogs: Domestication and the Development of a Social Bond
647:
Breeds falsely advertised as Native American-originated:
225:
One of the most ancient dog breeds of the Americas, the
132:, or Pre-Columbian dogs, were dogs living with people
1425:
Westhoff, Rodolfo (2018-02-06). Chile: "El definido"
1038:
This Hairless Mexican Dog Has a Storied, Ancient Past
624:(Also known as thregua, posible precursor to modern
210:is suspected by one author of being a domesticated
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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798:"The evolutionary history of dogs in the Americas"
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1585:Dog breeds originating from Indigenous Americans
1307:"Origins and genetic legacy of prehistoric dogs"
753:, which is not a dog but probably a tamed canid.
1365:Root-Bernstein, Meredith; et al. (2021).
8:
140:. Arriving about 10,000 years ago alongside
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717:they were replaced with Eurasian dogs. The
1187:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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1064:International Journal of Osteoarchaeology
1013:
834:
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617:(A "small ugly hairy dog", used for yarn)
311:of South America, some cultures like the
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1131:"Pets - Tips & Advice | mom.me"
1119:. University of Rhode Island. p. 8.
1089:
1087:
1085:
697:links to East Asian dogs, with a shared
1305:Bergström, Anders; et al. (2020).
1266:"Calupoh: the ancient Mexican wolf-dog"
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229:(or 'Xolo' for short), accompanied the
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370:Some tribes utilized dogs for pulling
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7:
1206:. Fallbrook, California: Ciga Press.
349:, the direct ancestor of the modern
279:through western North America, both
214:from its historical description. At
47:adding citations to reliable sources
398:best known for the presence of an
14:
1175:The Inca Dogs and Their Ancestors
430:in order to bring the Moon back.
1548:Proceedings of the Royal Society
1157:Proceedings of the Royal Society
1113:Reisman, Mikaela E. (May 2015).
474:
463:
452:
23:
1283:Rhitu Chatterjee (2013-07-10).
34:needs additional citations for
1204:Osage Indian Customs and Myths
299:was bred to hunt larger game.
1:
725:originally introduced by the
686:contact in the 15th century.
410:, and were often buried with
1495:. 1917-01-17. Archived from
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962:by Darcy F. Morey page 40
426:and was sacrificed during
268:
440:: dog, coyote, and wolf.
1202:Louis, Louis F. (1984).
249:appear around 750 CE on
1457:Cite magazine requires
1323:10.1126/science.aba9572
1173:Wylde, Michael (2017).
931:10.1126/science.1076980
880:10.1126/science.1076980
826:10.1126/science.aao4776
331:Lap dogs and companions
1242:"The Tahltan Bear Dog"
1177:. Ann Arbor, Michigan.
378:Religious Significance
247:Peruvian hairless dogs
126:
58:"Native American dogs"
1371:Ecology and Evolution
675:Catahoula leopard dog
418:was believed to have
416:Peruvian hairless dog
390:, a popular place of
150:Peruvian Hairless Dog
124:
1518:"Northern Inuit Dog"
628:. Used for hunting )
598:Peruvian Inca Orchid
444:Breeds and landraces
277:1804–1806 expedition
130:Native American dogs
125:Canadian Eskimo Dog.
43:improve this article
1595:Domesticated canids
1383:2021EcoEv..11.9892S
1272:. October 10, 2019.
1246:Everythinghusky.com
923:2002Sci...298.1613L
917:(5598): 1615–1616.
872:2002Sci...298.1613L
866:(5598): 1615–1616.
817:2018Sci...361...81N
739:Dogs in Mesoamerica
653:American Eskimo Dog
549:Canadian Eskimo Dog
260:Historical purposes
216:Arroyo Hondo Pueblo
663:Northern Inuit Dog
345:occasionally kept
127:
1489:"Chinook History"
1469:Missing or empty
1391:10.1002/ece3.7642
1377:(15): 9892–9903.
1317:(6516): 557–564.
723:Arctic breed dogs
691:free-ranging dogs
239:radiocarbon dated
231:earliest migrants
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1526:. Retrieved
1524:. 2015-05-21
1522:Petguide.com
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604:Fuegian dog
404:psychopomps
166:grey wolves
162:Danger Cave
1574:Categories
1528:2016-05-21
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1429:2024-09-10
1291:2016-05-21
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