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held that, during the first three months of pregnancy, abortion should be a private decision between a woman and her doctor, and that during the second three months, state regulation should be permitted only to protect the health of the woman. To reflect the Court's repeal of restrictive laws, NARAL
351:
The
Planning Committee, meeting regularly between February and September 1969, defined NARAL's purpose and program, drafted bylaws to submit to the membership for approval, prepared a slate to run for the Board of Directors, and directed NARAL's activities. The Committee defined NARAL's purpose as
356:
NARAL, recognizing the fundamental human right of a woman to limit her own reproduction, is dedicated to eliminating all laws and practices that would compel any woman to bear a child against her will. To that end, it proposes to initiate and co-ordinate political, social, and legal action of
401:
as
President), an Executive Committee (Lawrence Lader, Chairman), and a Nominating Committee. In addition, the Board adopted a very specific program of action that focused on winning repeal in New York and other key states. Only one year after NARAL's formation, the
508:
for access to abortion and birth control in the U.S., as well as to promote paid parental leave and stop pregnancy discrimination. They track state and federal legislation, endorse candidates, and run advertising and education campaigns on these issues.
564:, the case in question occurred almost seven years before the 1998 bombing shown in the ad. The ad was retracted under pressure from other pro-abortion rights groups, as undercutting the credibility of the abortion rights cause.
556:, and claimed that as U.S. Deputy Solicitor-General, Roberts had supported "violent fringe groups and a convicted clinic bomber". While Roberts did argue before the Supreme Court that a 19th-century statute directed against the
460:
In 2003, the organization dropped the long form name in favor of "NARAL Pro-Choice
America". That same year, the organization launched a massive television and print campaign, to make abortion a key issue in the 2004 elections.
317:
guidelines, which would liberalize existing abortion law by allowing abortion to preserve the physical or mental health of the mother, or in the case of pregnancies resulting from rape or incest. The repeal position, led by
333:, Edna Smith, and Percy Sutton. The committee held its first official meeting in New York on February 25, 1969. It hired Lee Gidding as the first Executive Director; she opened NARAL's office in New York City on March 3.
445:
From 1969 until early 1973, NARAL worked with other groups to repeal state abortion laws and oversee the implementation of abortion policies in those few states that had liberalized their laws. On
January 22, 1973, in
269:, Rowena Gurner, and financial investor Lana Phelan. The Army of Three organized and distributed referral lists of people performing illegal abortions and held classes on do-it-yourself abortions in California.
384:
The Board of
Directors, elected by the membership, officially replaced the Planning Committee at the first Board meeting, held on September 27, 1969. The Board elected Honorary Officers (Co-Presidents Dr.
1196:
284:, NARAL was established at the "First National Conference on Abortion Laws: Modification or Repeal?" held February 14–16, 1969, in Chicago. Its formation was announced on the front page of
532:, and tracks state and national legislation affecting laws regarding abortion, women's health and rights. NARAL currently recruits members from the general public through state chapters.
329:(Vice-Chair), Ruth Cusack (Secretary), Beatrice McClintock (Treasurer), Constance Bille Finnerty (Secretary), Mrs. Marc Hughes Fisher, Betty Friedan, Norval Morris, Stewart Mott, Dr.
313:. The conference was split between those favoring abortion law "reform" and those favoring "repeal". The more conservative reform position would involve adopting something like the
1206:
410:, and the new law went into effect on July 1, 1970. On that day, NARAL held a medical conference at NYU Medical School to train physicians in non-hospital abortion techniques.
290:. The conference, sponsored by 21 organizations and attended by 350 people, included a planning session for NARAL and the report of NARAL's pre-formation planning committee:
1201:
752:
476:
Karen
Mulhauser served as the first national executive director from 1974 to 1982.The next NARAL leader was Nanette Falkenburg, who served from 1982 until 1985;
561:
322:
and Conni Bille, favored "ad libitum" abortion rights at the discretion of the mother. The conference voted to adopt the more radical repeal position.
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individuals and groups concerned with providing safe operations by qualified physicians for all women seeking them, regardless of economic status.
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Those agents attending the session elected a 12-person
Planning Committee for NARAL's formation: Lawrence Lader (Chairman),
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Several founding leaders, including Lader and
Proskauer Smith, were previously active in the more conservative, pro-reform
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was the group's president from 2013 to 2021. In
November 2021, NARAL announced the hire of their current president,
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488:, formerly the Montana Superintendent of Schools, became President of NARAL and served until February 2013.
72:
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In 2006, NARAL was criticized by some other pro-abortion rights political activists for supporting former
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against governments and hospitals, donates money to politicians supportive of abortion rights through its
365:
Assist in the formation in all states of direct political action groups dedicated to the purpose of NARAL;
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founded in 1965. A number were also active in groups associated with the population movement, such as the
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228:
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718:
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853:
17:
540:
In 2005, NARAL Pro-Choice
America was criticized for an ad campaign that targeted U.S. Supreme Court
326:
309:(who later became an anti-abortion activist), journalist Lawrence Lader, and women's rights advocate
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Create new materials for mass distribution which tell the repeal story dramatically and succinctly;
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in the United States, though it was predated by a few now-defunct groups, including the
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of California, and Dr. Lonny Myers of Chicago. Key conference speakers included
719:"Abortion Rights Group Sees Mission Beyond 'Pro-Choice,' So It Has a New Name"
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730:
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1042:"North Dakota pro-choice advocates file lawsuit against strict abortion law"
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The Pro-choice Movement: Organization and Activism in the Abortion Conflict
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The Pro-choice movement: organization and activism in the abortion conflict
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262:(ARAL). ARAL was an expansion of the "Army of Three" which was made up of
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944:"'I don't think we can be alarmist enough': NARAL gets new president"
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NARAL is associated with the NARAL Pro-Choice America Foundation, a
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as Vice President), Officers (including New York City Councilwoman
368:
Serve as a clearinghouse for activities related to NARAL's purpose;
854:"Records of the National Abortion Rights Action League, 1969–1976"
412:
271:
910:"Ann McGuiness, Major Fund-Raiser for Women's Health, Dies at 65"
374:
Train field workers to organize and stimulate legislative action;
153:, formerly NARAL Pro-Choice America and commonly known as simply
1133:"NARAL and Planned Parenthood Are Now the Enemies of Pro-Choice"
987:"We endorse candidates who make reproductive freedom a priority"
524:
and urge them to support NARAL's positions. NARAL sponsored the
457:
became the National Abortion Rights Action League in late 1973.
417:
Mandatory pre-abortion waiting period laws in the United States
172:
169:
1183:
Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University.
810:
Abortion at Work: Ideology and Practice in a Feminist Clinic
496:, who is the first woman of color to lead the organization.
884:"Abortion Rights Group Plans A New Focus and a New Name"
691:"Verizon Wireless Bars Abortion-Rights Group's Texting"
616:
Feminists Who Changed America, 1963-1975 - Google Books
753:"Exclusive: NARAL President Nancy Keenan to step down"
231:
organization, and the NARAL Pro-Choice America PAC, a
1181:
Records of NARAL Pro-Choice Massachusetts, 1972–2008.
1082:"NARAL Falsely Accuses Supreme Court Nominee Roberts"
181:
166:
780:
Abortion Wars: A Half Century of Struggle, 1950–2000
619:. University of Illinois Press. September 22, 2006.
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National Association for the Repeal of Abortion Laws
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1197:Abortion-rights organizations in the United States
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520:, and organizes its members to contact members of
504:NARAL Pro-Choice America uses numerous tactics to
1115:"Abortion Rights Group Withdraws Anti-Roberts Ad"
480:became the next director until she announced her
235:. Founded in 1969, NARAL is the oldest extant
8:
32:
1207:Lobbying organizations in the United States
440: Waiting period law currently enjoined
27:American reproductive rights advocacy group
1177:, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University.
783:. University of California Press. p.
597:(ALRA) — British contemporary organisation
428: Waiting period of less than 24 hours
361:The original NARAL program had six parts:
31:
1202:1969 establishments in the United States
812:. Rutgers University Press. p. 29.
434: Waiting period of 24 hours or more
606:
548:, and withdrew the ad. The ad featured
342:Association for Voluntary Sterilization
860:. Radcliffe College Harvard University
18:National Abortion Rights Action League
689:Searcy, Dionne (September 27, 2007).
380:Raise funds for the above activities.
338:Association for the Study of Abortion
248:Association for the Study of Abortion
7:
1067:"NARAL Pulls Ad Criticizing Roberts"
942:Padilla, Mariel (November 4, 2021).
908:Genzlinger, Neil (August 19, 2022).
669:"About Us--NARAL Pro Choice America"
528:in 2004. NARAL also sponsors public
1015:. Oxford University Press. p.
562:protesters outside abortion clinics
468:was development director of NARAL.
260:Association to Repeal Abortion Laws
1080:Matthew Barge (August 12, 2005) .
717:Lerer, Lisa (September 20, 2023).
25:
882:Lee, Jennifer (January 5, 2003).
858:Hollis Archival Collection Guides
578:, and for supporting moderate or
422: No mandatory waiting period
204:, and advocacy efforts to oppose
98:with associated 501(c)(3) and PAC
1040:McVeigh, Karen (June 26, 2013).
159:
38:
595:Abortion Law Reform Association
377:Suggest direct action projects;
258:The precursor to NARAL was the
1087:Annenberg Political Fact Check
1:
1160:NARAL Pro-Choice Minnesota's
1113:Balz, Dan (August 12, 2005).
1007:Staggenborg, Suzanne (1994).
838:Staggenborg, Suzanne (1991).
751:Kliff, Sarah (May 10, 2012).
1166:Minnesota Historical Society
472:National executive directors
208:, to expand access to legal
151:Reproductive Freedom for All
33:Reproductive Freedom for All
244:Society for Humane Abortion
1223:
842:. Oxford University Press.
518:political action committee
404:New York state legislature
233:political action committee
777:Solinger, Rickie (1998).
264:abortion rights activists
140:reproductivefreedomforall
37:
222:pregnancy discrimination
206:restrictions on abortion
1069:. NPR. August 12, 2005.
808:Simonds, Wendy (1996).
696:The Wall Street Journal
526:March for Women's Lives
220:and protection against
73:Ernesta Drinker Ballard
550:anti-abortion violence
464:From 1987 until 2006,
442:
359:
346:Zero Population Growth
315:American Law Institute
280:Originally called the
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216:, and to support paid
1164:are available at the
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354:
275:
1139:, February 24, 2006.
1094:on December 29, 2010
408:to legalize abortion
327:Ruth Proskauer Smith
192:organization in the
1175:Schlesinger Library
1172:Records, 1968–1976.
1137:The Huffington Post
188:), is a non-profit
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1119:washingtonpost.com
914:The New York Times
888:The New York Times
723:The New York Times
454:U.S. Supreme Court
443:
389:and Congresswoman
294:of New York City,
287:The New York Times
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576:Michael Bloomberg
560:did not apply to
395:Maurine Neuberger
331:Bernard Nathanson
307:Bernard Nathanson
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107:Washington, D. C.
78:Bernard Nathanson
16:(Redirected from
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663:
651:. Retrieved
648:"Who we are"
642:
630:. Retrieved
615:
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580:conservative
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558:Ku Klux Klan
546:John Roberts
539:
512:It sponsors
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486:Nancy Keenan
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267:Pat Maginnis
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114:Membership
103:Headquarters
47:Abbreviation
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971:October 18,
927:October 10,
569:Republicans
554:Emily Lyons
490:Ilyse Hogue
449:Roe v. Wade
1191:Categories
1098:August 12,
962:"About Us"
674:August 20,
602:References
500:Activities
482:retirement
922:0362-4331
762:April 27,
731:0362-4331
702:April 27,
632:April 24,
583:Democrats
552:survivor
536:Criticism
484:in 2004.
352:follows:
229:501(c)(3)
190:501(c)(4)
124:President
96:501(c)(4)
55:Formation
948:The 19th
864:June 26,
589:See also
544:nominee
522:Congress
514:lawsuits
246:and the
210:abortion
198:lobbying
1162:records
254:History
135:Website
63:Founder
1051:May 4,
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893:May 4,
816:
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452:, the
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406:voted
966:NARAL
506:lobby
155:NARAL
50:NARAL
1100:2005
1053:2015
1021:ISBN
994:2020
973:2021
929:2022
918:ISSN
895:2015
866:2022
814:ISBN
789:ISBN
764:2015
738:2023
727:ISSN
704:2015
676:2020
655:2022
634:2022
621:ISBN
574:and
344:and
212:and
183:NAIR
142:.org
92:Type
58:1969
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