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260:, was given the job of restoring the château to hold the planned National Museum of Antiquities in 1855 and was told to remove all traces of the cells that the Ministry of War had installed when it was used as a prison. In 1857 he reported that all the partitions forming the cells and dungeons had been demolished and the rest of the chateau had been cleaned. Construction work began in 1862 with the destruction of the West pavilion. Millet's goal was to restore the building to its state as it was under
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376:, who was particularly involved in the project, proposed to the Emperor the project of a "historical museum" in order to: "provide historians with precise documents on the life of our Fathers, to invite industrial figures to study ancient manufacturing secrets, to get artists to recognise how art has evolved over time." The first meeting of the committee set up to organize the museum was held on 1 April 1865 in the office of Count
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450:, on 26 August 1944, the French flag was raised above the entrance and on one of the towers, ending the occupation of the museum. During this period, very little was done to the museum (apart from few acquisitions). The collections were repatriated progressively (until 15 March 1946), and the museum re-opened on 2 October 1945.
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and Europe (objects from Cyprus, Greece, Italy, Spain, Hungary, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Azerbaijan, North
Ossetia, etc.). From one continent to another and sometimes at different times, the exhibits show a similar state of development (transition from hunter-gatherer to producer), use of the same
1005:
On one axis of the room the technical stages are evoked in order of appearance from the
Paleolithic to the Middle Ages: stone technics, terracotta work, metallurgy. On the cross-cutting axes a geographical section is presented: Africa, Asia, the Near East, Europe, Americas and Oceania. This course
999:), but the comparative method, which was rigorously conceived and subjected under certain conditions, is omnipresent in any archaeological approach. It is also a necessity to situate the ancient cultural phenomena in their space, to leave the limits of French territory and a nationalist approach.
930:
Roman Gaul (from 52 BC to the end of the 5th century AD): as a result of the conquest of Gaul by Julius Caesar, Gaul is integrated into the Roman Empire. Urbanization is advancing with the arrival of cities and the construction of public buildings; A road network is formed throughout Gaul.
848:
934:
The six rooms of the Gallo-Roman department presents evidence of the religious context (gods, the world of the dead), the presence of the Roman army in Gaul, the different types of crafts and everyday life objects (related to food, costume, ornament, transportation, writing ...).
970:
Archaeologist sometimes calls on other human sciences such as ethnology or sociology to interpret the traces of the past. It is in this spirit that the "comparative archeology of the five continents room" was conceived at the beginning of the twentieth century by
1529:
1006:
highlights the similarities and differences in the evolution of cultures in different regions of the world. The present presentation is inherited from that made by Hubert between 1910 and 1927 but the route was renovated between 1978 and 1984.
672:(around 5800 to 2100 BC) is the second period of Prehistory. The population becomes the producer of its subsistence and no longer just a predator and now influences its environment. The populations become sedentary with the appearance of
499:
The museum houses about 3 million archaeological objects of which about 30,000 are exhibited, making it one of the richest collections in Europe. These finds, discovered on the French territory, are presented by chronological periods:
422:
Starting in 1936, and following the rise in political tensions, the museum established plans to save the artifacts, a list of the most important pieces, and preparations for evacuations. The basements, with their 2.7-meter-thick
1030:
technique (Exploitation of flint or obsidian) or, on the contrary, very different forms or settings (Asia-America comparison, made possible by objects from China, Vietnam, Japan, Malaysia, Peru, Greenland, North
America, etc.).
446:. Shooting exercises were held in the château’s ditch, and the museum was progressively occupied by troops. Starting 1942, the château suffered damage from bombings, which destroyed some of its stained glasses. Following the
403:
On 11 April 1866, the committee published a report detailing the main axes of the project, the organisation of the space (by age rather than by type of object, as was the practice in the past) and an estimate of the budget.
284:
The museum was created by imperial decree on 8 March 1862 and formally opened on 12 May 1867. Since 2009, the museum, castle and gardens have been united as one institution, marking a new era for the museum and château.
979:
who wanted to illustrate "the ethnographic history of Europe and humanity" from the origins of man up to the Middle Ages. Hubert conceived the general plan of this room according to two innovative ideas for the period:
427:, were designated as the shelter for the museum employees. Wooden boxes were built for transportation (an estimated 12 trucks were needed for transportation, but the said trucks were requisitioned by the army in 1938).
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749:(around 2100 to 750 BC), the society is still quite similar to that of the Neolithic, but the technical advances represented by bronze work will change the society which will be more and more hierarchical.
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962:. From this period, numerous cloisonné jewels were found with garnets set in metallic partitions, as well as buckles of damascened belts with silver or brass threads inserted in iron engraved furrows.
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Bronze breastplates, each composed of two shells, rivetted together on one side and closed with a hook on the other, illustrating the evolution from bronze to iron working (circa 950 BC to 780 BC).
488:. The renovations and the updated museology were successively rolled out up until 1984 with the opening of the comparative archaeology room, in the largest room of the castle, the room of Mars.
53:
922:
The museum's collections show the transformations of Gaul and the life of the Gauls before the Roman conquest. The collection of Celtic art is one of the most important in the world.
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This comparative approach was popular in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, although some comparisons did not survive a severe criticism (for example, the comparison of
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The courtyard's facades were renovated from 1998 to 2000, the rooms of the first floor (covering the
Paleolithic to the Iron Age) were renovated from 1999 to 2006.
397:
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The second Iron Age (480 BC - beginning of our era) is marked by a warlike society which rises in power from the fifth century BC. to the 2nd century BC. The
245:
in exile, became a cavalry school in 1809 and finally a military prison from 1836 to 1855. The château, which was in very poor condition, was classified as a
984:
As a sociologist, he believed that only a global (spatial and temporal) vision of human cultures can lead to a proper understanding of the social phenomenon;
1013:, South Africa, Ethiopia, Benin, Congo, CĂ´te d'Ivoire, Zaire, etc.), then to the birth of the civilizations of the Mediterranean basin and the Middle East (
102:
637:
951:. Gaul became progressively more Frankish and Christian. One material witness to this Christianisation held by the museum is the syncretistic 7th-century
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The château had been one of the most important French royal residences in the Paris region since the 12th century. Following the move of the court to
252:
The interior was a maze of cells, corridors, false floors and partitions. The exterior was dilapidated and covered in a black coating. The architect
702:
469:. The number of rooms was reduced to 19 and the number of pieces on display to 30,000, ending the previous "encyclopaedic" displays. The architect,
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1739:
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Since 2014, the room is once again home to collections of
Pacific origin, with the presentation of ethnographic series from Papua New Guinea.
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The majority of the collection entered before the First World War. The first contribution was the
Scandinavian collection offered in 1862 by
1045:
or
Jacques and Henri de Morgan with the products of their excavations in Susa (modern day Iran) and in the pre-dynastic necropolis of Egypt
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480:, wanted to "calm the strange decor" of the château by covering some of Millet's restoration and windows. The new layout was visited by
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was restored and reopened in 2008, with the aim of restoring the original 19th-century museology and can be visited with a guide.
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365:. The question of conservation and storage of the finds quickly arises. The imperial decree creating the Musée Gallo-Romain (the
575:, one of the earliest known realistic representations of a human face, discovered in 1892 in one of the numerous excavations of
552:, etc.), and to the bone and antler industry (including needles and harpoons). The museum introduces the evolution of the genus
442:
to contain the German occupation, the exhibition room 1 was turned into a meeting room for the German authorities in charge of
430:
On 24 August 1939, the order was given to close the museum the next day in order to evacuate the collection, dispersed between
408:
604:
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in the
Pyrenees. Among the many objects that Piette housed in the museum, about 10,000 are exhibited in a dedicated room.
1749:
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95:
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465:, who was passionate about archaeology, planned an ambitious renovation project started in 1961 under the direction of
652:
524:). A collection of foreign archaeological and ethnological objects are presented in the comparative archeology room.
393:
1650:"Arthur-Ali Rhoné (1836-1910) – Du Caire ancien au Vieux-Paris ou le patrimoine au prisme de l'érudition dilettante"
987:
For him, the comparison of the traces of human societies must be done according to a presentation of their technics.
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The comparative archeology room is located in the old ballroom of the castle, also called the room of Mars.
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At the
National Archeology Museum, this approach has resulted in two overlapping axes of presentation:
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After the war, the presentation of the museum was outdated and inadequate to meet the public's demand.
17:
1564:(in French). Société des Amis du Musée d'Archéologie nationale et du château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye
610:
572:
447:
424:
342:
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1025:). Then he can compare the development and technical mastery of Bronze and Iron metalworkers in the
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The visitor makes successively acquaintance with the
Palaeolithic and Neolithic cultures of Africa (
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structures erected. This period is characterized by particular technical innovations such as the
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Napoleon III inaugurated the first seven rooms of the museum on the 12 May 1867, during the
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438:. Starting 24 June 1940, the museum was occupied by German troops. Despite the efforts of
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was passionately interested in history and archeology, and ordered digs, most notably in
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1583:. Direction des musées de France, ministère de la culture. 2008-09-23. Archived from
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362:
1637:
Pioda, S. (March 2012). "Les Gaulois à l'origine du musée d'archéologie nationale".
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and in charge of imperial museums. Attendees included major figures in archaeology:
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2009: National archaeological museum, National domain of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
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1530:"Fréquentation des musées de France de 2012 à 2014 - Ministère de la Culture"
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Among the most famous objects of the museum's Paleolithic collections is the
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Archaeology Hotspot France: Unearthing the Past for Armchair Archaeologists
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110,197 in 2008 (experimentation with free admission for half of the year)
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The first Middle Age (from the 5th to the 6th century AD) began with the
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330:(Musée d'archéologie nationale, domaine national de Saint-Germain-en-Laye
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149:
1714:
1577:"Fréquentation des musées en France en 2007 (par région et département)"
842:, is a period characterised by the burial in tumulus of the privileged.
31:
National Archaeological Museum, National domain of Saint-Germain en Laye
1685:
Promenades au musée de Saint-Germain – catalogue illustré de 79 figures
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Circa 1200 BC, jewel worn on the hip, made of bronze lacework around a
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West façade of the castle as seen from Charles de Gaulle Square
696:. The first long-distance exchange networks are being formed.
60:
1491:
1189:"La Creation du Musee des Antiquites Nationales, 1862-1867"
919:
excel in pottery, glassware, metallurgy (bronze and iron).
345:
coincides with a great expansion of archaeology in France.
1602:(in French). Musée d'archéologie nationale. Archived from
1277:
Archives nationales - 20144782/1, Rapport du 11 avril 1866
737:
Polishing stones are visible in the ditch of the castle.
484:
on 25 March 1965 and inaugurated on the 9 April 1965 by
1468:"Comparative Archaeology - Musée archéologie nationale"
1288:"The Palaeolithic Period - Musée archéologie nationale"
1268:
Archives nationales - 20144782/1, Rapport décembre 1865
1059:
The number of annual visitors from 2003 to 2014 were:
838:
The first Iron Age (780-480 BC), corresponding to the
268:
on 24 February 1879. The restoration was continued by
1148:
1413:"The Merovingian Gaul - Musée archéologie nationale"
1313:"The neolithic period - Musée archéologie nationale"
369:
museum) was signed by Napoleon III on 8 March 1862.
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165:
133:
94:
84:
76:
1696:, plans des salles. Paris: C. Reinwald. p. 88
1625:(in French). École nationale des chartes, Sorbonne
288:Since its inception, the museum has been titled:
309:Musée des antiquités celtiques et gallo-romaines
1388:"The roman Gaul - Musée archéologie nationale"
1338:"The Bronze Age - Musée archéologie nationale"
1037:. The other major collections arrived through
161:Comparative archaeology of the five continents
1194:(in French). Bibliothèque nationale de France
1113:linkto: French museum frequentation 2012-2014
680:. The first villages are built and the first
8:
1363:"The Iron Age - Musée archéologie nationale"
30:
536:collections include objects related to the
219:, about 19 kilometres (12 mi) west of
388:(who became the museum's first director),
36:
29:
1164:Eugène Millet – Société des Amis du Musée
708:Limestone stella, circa 4th millennium BC
1241:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 13.
1127:(in French). Musée archéologie nationale
1443:"Le Christ paléochrétien dit de Grésin"
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844:
751:
698:
585:
398:Jacques Boucher de Crèvecœur de Perthes
18:National Archaeological Museum (France)
321:2005: National archaeological museum (
314:1879: Museum of national antiquities (
205:period (450–750). It is housed in the
1505:"Museostat - Ministère de la Culture"
7:
910:Gold earrings - 6th, 5th century BC.
298:Musée des antiquités Gallo-Romaines
90:78100 Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France
337:Museum at the time of Napoleon III
25:
1492:Fréquentation des musées ... 2007
276:, and finally completed in 1907.
241:, the castle housed the court of
1735:Archaeological museums in France
1534:www.culturecommunication.gouv.fr
1509:www.culturecommunication.gouv.fr
1472:en.musee-archeologienationale.fr
1417:en.musee-archeologienationale.fr
1392:en.musee-archeologienationale.fr
1367:en.musee-archeologienationale.fr
1342:en.musee-archeologienationale.fr
1317:en.musee-archeologienationale.fr
1292:en.musee-archeologienationale.fr
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882:Pectoral ornament 6th century BC
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870:), middle of the 8th century BC
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374:Jean-Baptiste Verchère de Reffye
233:Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye
207:Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye
59:
52:
316:Musée des antiquités nationales
27:Museum in Saint-Germain-en-Laye
773:Bronze gaiters (circa 1250 BC)
761:Bronze armlets (circa 1250 BC)
187:National Archaeological Museum
1:
1740:1862 establishments in France
1216:. Musée archéologie nationale
643:Harpoons and sculpted bones,
520:) and the first Middle Ages (
361:to complete his biography of
323:Musée d'archéologie nationale
307:and Gallo-Roman antiquities (
191:Musée d'Archéologie nationale
83:
688:of stone, the appearance of
658:Head of a horse, Magdalenian
460:Minister of Cultural Affairs
1745:Museums established in 1862
1559:"Eugène Millet (1819–1879)"
1447:Musée Archéologie Nationale
894:Gold bracelets, found in a
1766:
1730:National museums of France
1235:Muskett, Georgina (2018).
813:Bronze sword, circa 800 BC
801:Crest helmets, 1150-950 BC
789:canine, found in a burial.
230:
1648:Volait, Mercedes (2006).
1149:Histoire du musée – Musée
47:
35:
1035:Frederick VII of Denmark
955:, believed to depict an
394:Louis FĂ©licien de Saulcy
380:, superintendent of the
264:. Eugène Millet died in
1214:"History of the museum"
378:Émilien de Nieuwerkerke
88:Place Charles de Gaulle
1041:for the series of the
966:Comparative archeology
898:, 6th, 5th century BC.
68:Location within France
1125:"Histoire du château"
628:'Laurel leaf' biface
258:Eugène Viollet-le-Duc
1680:Gabriel de Mortillet
1619:Leniaud, Jean-Michel
1581:Veille Info Tourisme
611:Venus of Brassempouy
573:Venus of Brassempouy
448:liberation of France
382:École des Beaux-Arts
343:Second French Empire
193:) is a major French
118:48.89778°N 2.09556°E
1750:Museums in Yvelines
1654:Socio-anthropologie
1600:"Histoire du musée"
945:Merovingian dynasty
826:Avanton golden cone
415:During WW2 and the
262:Francis I of France
247:monument historique
243:James II of England
114: /
32:
1015:pre-dynastic Egypt
386:Alexandre Bertrand
195:archaeology museum
169:113 023 (in 2014)
1692:, illustrations;
868:Golasecca culture
840:Hallstatt culture
558:with castings of
482:Charles de Gaulle
417:German occupation
249:on 8 April 1863.
183:
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158:Early Middle Ages
123:48.89778; 2.09556
16:(Redirected from
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516:, Roman period (
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303:1867: Museum of
292:1862: Museum of
270:Auguste Lafollye
178:Official website
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1093:101,222 in 2013
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1709:External links
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1423:on 6 June 2018
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1084:95,594 in 2010
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1081:91,894 in 2009
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1698:. Retrieved
1690:Arthur Rhoné
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1604:the original
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1585:the original
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1452:12 September
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1421:the original
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1021:, Bulgarian
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973:Henri Hubert
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581:Salle Piette
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1640:Archéologia
993:Magdalenian
957:ithyphallic
674:agriculture
645:Magdalenian
597:Aurignacian
566:Neanderthal
534:Paleolithic
528:Paleolithic
502:Paleolithic
495:Collections
474: [
454:Renovations
367:Gallo-Roman
294:Gallo-Roman
212:département
203:Merovingian
197:, covering
138:Paleolithic
121: /
96:Coordinates
77:Established
1724:Categories
1700:2015-11-16
1663:2015-11-16
1629:2015-11-14
1610:2015-11-17
1591:2015-11-17
1568:2015-11-14
1101:References
1017:, ancient
926:Roman Gaul
747:Bronze Age
741:Bronze Age
682:megalithic
550:microliths
518:Roman Gaul
510:Bronze Age
239:Versailles
154:Roman Gaul
146:Bronze Age
109:02°05′44″E
106:48°53′52″N
686:polishing
678:livestock
670:Neolithic
664:Neolithic
630:Solutrean
615:Gravetian
506:Neolithic
372:In 1864,
189:(French:
142:Neolithic
1682:(1869).
1621:(2015).
1055:Visitors
1043:Caucasus
1027:Caucasus
949:Clovis I
834:Iron Age
690:ceramics
568:skulls.
542:choppers
514:Iron Age
436:Cheverny
432:Chambord
359:Bibracte
355:Gergovia
227:Building
217:Yvelines
166:Visitors
150:Iron Age
85:Location
1551:Sources
1539:3 April
1514:3 April
1477:3 April
1427:3 April
1397:3 April
1372:3 April
1347:3 April
1322:3 April
1297:3 April
1254:3 April
1220:3 April
1198:3 April
1131:3 April
1011:Maghreb
997:Eskimos
745:In the
694:weaving
546:bifaces
280:History
209:in the
174:Website
1643:(497).
1245:
1023:Thrace
960:Christ
787:suidae
425:vaults
357:, and
351:Alesia
305:Celtic
266:Cannes
1562:(PDF)
1192:(PDF)
917:Gauls
478:]
221:Paris
1541:2018
1516:2018
1479:2018
1454:2024
1429:2018
1399:2018
1374:2018
1349:2018
1324:2018
1299:2018
1256:2018
1243:ISBN
1222:2018
1200:2018
1133:2018
1019:Susa
975:and
692:and
676:and
668:The
564:and
555:Homo
532:The
434:and
396:and
341:The
272:and
185:The
80:1862
215:of
144:et
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