176:
60:
to forward to them his observations regarding any relation between the motion picture theaters and the influenza epidemic in New York. Dr. Copeland had decided to permit the motion picture theaters to remain open. Nonetheless, in as much as two-thirds of movie houses had been closed by local boards
43:
The system consisted of a series of "Thirteen Points", a list of subjects and storylines they promised to avoid. However, there was no method of enforcement if a studio film violated the
Thirteen Points content restrictions. The NAMPI tried to prevent New York from becoming the first state with its
167:
284:
94:
116:
263:
235:
70:
249:
221:
168:"Letter, from: Royal S. Copeland, MD, to: National Association of the Motion Picture Industry, December 17, 1918",
279:
102:
44:
own film censorship board in 1921, but failed. NAMPI was ineffective and was replaced when the studios hired
25:
259:
245:
231:
217:
57:
32:
273:
180:
45:
242:
Pre-Code
Hollywood: Sex, Immorality, and Insurrection in American Cinema 1930-1934
192:
28:
256:
Freedom of the Screen: Legal
Challenges to State Film Censorship, 1915-1981
61:
of health, the
Association decided to halt the release of new features.
24:) was an American film industry self-regulatory body created by the
179:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
56:
In 1918, the
Association asked New York City Health Commissioner
214:
Hollywood
Censored: Morality Codes, Catholics, and the Movies
228:
Banned in Kansas: Motion
Picture Censorship, 1915-1966
18:
48:to oversee the film content restrictions in 1922.
8:
244:. New York: Columbia University Press 1999.
101:. Vol. 31, no. 2. Archived from
193:"Film Releases shut Off in Grip Crisis",
82:
7:
285:Film censorship in the United States
258:. University Press of Kentucky 2008
230:. University of Missouri Press 2007
88:
86:
71:Film censorship in the United States
216:. Cambridge University Press 1996
93:Ben Yagoda (February–March 1980).
14:
174:
35:by states and municipalities.
31:in 1916 to answer demands for
1:
95:"HOLLYWOOD CLEANS UP ITS ACT"
301:
117:"American film censorship"
99:American Heritage Magazine
240:Doherty, Thomas Patrick.
197:, October 10, 1918, p. 11
172:, University of Michigan
254:Wittern-Keller, Laura.
170:Influenza Encyclopedia
226:Butters, Gerard R.
105:on 20 October 2006.
212:Black, Gregory D.
264:978-0-8131-2451-3
236:978-0-8262-1749-3
195:New York American
121:filmreference.com
58:Royal S. Copeland
52:Epidemic response
292:
199:
190:
184:
178:
177:
165:
159:
156:
150:
149:Butters. p. 151.
147:
141:
138:
132:
131:
129:
127:
113:
107:
106:
90:
300:
299:
295:
294:
293:
291:
290:
289:
280:History of film
270:
269:
268:
208:
203:
202:
191:
187:
175:
166:
162:
157:
153:
148:
144:
140:Butters. p. 149
139:
135:
125:
123:
115:
114:
110:
92:
91:
84:
79:
67:
54:
41:
33:film censorship
12:
11:
5:
298:
296:
288:
287:
282:
272:
271:
267:
266:
252:
238:
224:
209:
207:
204:
201:
200:
185:
160:
151:
142:
133:
108:
81:
80:
78:
75:
74:
73:
66:
63:
53:
50:
40:
37:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
297:
286:
283:
281:
278:
277:
275:
265:
261:
257:
253:
251:
250:0-231-11094-4
247:
243:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
223:
222:0-521-56592-8
219:
215:
211:
210:
205:
198:
196:
189:
186:
182:
181:public domain
173:
171:
164:
161:
158:Doherty. p. 6
155:
152:
146:
143:
137:
134:
122:
118:
112:
109:
104:
100:
96:
89:
87:
83:
76:
72:
69:
68:
64:
62:
59:
51:
49:
47:
38:
36:
34:
30:
27:
23:
19:
255:
241:
227:
213:
194:
188:
169:
163:
154:
145:
136:
124:. Retrieved
120:
111:
103:the original
98:
55:
46:Will H. Hays
42:
21:
17:
15:
274:Categories
206:References
26:Hollywood
65:See also
39:History
29:studios
262:
248:
234:
220:
126:8 June
77:Notes
22:NAMPI
260:ISBN
246:ISBN
232:ISBN
218:ISBN
128:2015
16:The
276::
119:.
97:.
85:^
183:.
130:.
20:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.