370:
237:, even sharing members with both groups. With a nationwide structure and a network of funding from business sources the Front soon had a few thousand members and even set up underground "B groups" to prepare the ground for an armed uprising.
1056:
358:
256:. These agencies used it as a recruiting ground for expendable pawns to be used in 'wet' and 'dirty' operations which would have been outside their jurisdiction or supposed ethics (see
217:". The Front drew many of its members from amongst the officer class and veterans thereof, groups with which Borghese was already closely linked, and co-operated closely with the
1015:
1020:
351:
1081:
1086:
1066:
1010:
1061:
344:
938:
433:
336:
1051:
715:
645:
1071:
1046:
527:
503:
421:
686:
891:
839:
780:
932:
610:
1025:
1005:
804:
545:
188:
149:
721:
657:
497:
774:
762:
750:
651:
967:
533:
386:
166:
1076:
756:
663:
598:
244:, a failed coup attempt launched in December 1970, with the group disappearing soon afterwards. Like its close cousin in the
810:
628:
569:
563:
253:
439:
104:
786:
768:
622:
404:
944:
845:
792:
586:
950:
926:
727:
551:
474:
427:
245:
223:
96:
985:
698:
604:
480:
991:
539:
515:
445:
392:
199:
85:
979:
861:
468:
195:
39:
873:
833:
827:
674:
616:
592:
557:
398:
920:
973:
509:
451:
218:
733:
521:
257:
879:
798:
154:
116:
144:
885:
897:
668:
241:
1040:
867:
692:
233:
34:
277:
210:
206:
185:
109:
680:
228:
213:, class co-operation and strong government in opposition to what they called "
903:
249:
214:
121:
202:, of which he had held the largely ceremonial post of party President.
369:
134:
340:
297:
Threats to
Democracy: The Radical Right in Italy After the War
198:
who was dissatisfied by the political activities of the
1057:
Defunct organisations designated as terrorist in Italy
205:
The new party aimed to abolish political parties and
960:
913:
854:
820:
743:
708:
638:
579:
490:
461:
414:
379:
127:
115:
103:
91:
81:
63:
45:
33:
21:
326:L. Cheles, R. Ferguson & M. Vaughan (eds.),
248:, the party was alleged to have been promoting
309:
307:
305:
291:
289:
352:
8:
1016:Early 20th-century Italian political parties
939:Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity
434:Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity
359:
345:
337:
18:
240:The Front's mission was fulfilled in the
1082:Political parties disestablished in 1970
299:, Princeton University Press, 1995p. 117
716:Movement for the Independence of Sicily
491:Social-democratic and liberal-socialist
269:
209:and instead to build an Italy based on
1087:Political parties established in 1967
1067:Factions of the Years of Lead (Italy)
1021:1950sā1990s Italian political parties
1011:19th-century Italian political groups
422:Italian Revolutionary Socialist Party
374:Historical political parties in Italy
7:
1062:Defunct nationalist parties in Italy
781:Christian Democrats for the Republic
252:and to have been infiltrated by the
611:Republican Democratic Concentration
1006:List of political parties in Italy
805:Christian Democracy for Autonomies
546:Italian Democratic Socialist Party
14:
1026:Current Italian political parties
722:Federalists and Liberal Democrats
658:Democratic Union for the Republic
498:Italian Reformist Socialist Party
194:The party was founded in 1967 by
751:Italian Catholic Electoral Union
687:Democracy is Freedom ā The Daisy
652:Italian Democratic Liberal Party
368:
1052:1970 disestablishments in Italy
968:Italian Nationalist Association
646:Constitutional Democratic Party
282:. Mondadori. 1975. p. 384.
330:, Harlow: Longman, 1992, p. 36
1:
811:Union of Democrats for Europe
639:Centrist and centrist liberal
564:Italian Democratic Socialists
254:Italian intelligence agencies
26:
1072:Neo-fascist parties in Italy
1047:1967 establishments in Italy
892:Conservatives and Reformists
840:National Democratic Alliance
440:Democratic Party of the Left
16:Political party in Italy
787:Christian Democratic Centre
405:Party of Italian Communists
69:; 54 years ago
51:; 57 years ago
1103:
793:United Christian Democrats
709:Regionalist and federalist
580:Radical and social-liberal
164:
1001:
933:People's Monarchist Party
927:Monarchist National Party
728:Federalist Italian League
475:Federation of Green Lists
140:
986:Republican Fascist Party
699:Liberal Popular Alliance
481:Federation of the Greens
189:political party in Italy
992:Italian Social Movement
540:Italian Socialist Party
534:Unified Socialist Party
528:Unitary Socialist Party
516:Labour Democratic Party
504:Unitary Socialist Party
393:Italian Communist Party
387:Proletarian Unity Party
200:Italian Social Movement
117:Political position
86:Italian Social Movement
980:National Fascist Party
775:Italian People's Party
763:Italian People's Party
757:Conservative Catholics
664:Union for the Republic
428:Italian Workers' Party
196:Junio Valerio Borghese
40:Junio Valerio Borghese
1077:Neo-fascist terrorism
914:National-conservative
874:The People of Freedom
834:Italian Liberal Party
593:Italian Radical Party
558:Democrats of the Left
399:Proletarian Democracy
328:Neo-Fascism in Europe
224:Avanguardia Nazionale
97:Avanguardia Nazionale
855:Liberal-conservative
821:Conservative-liberal
744:Christian-democratic
452:Left Ecology Freedom
415:Democratic socialist
315:Threats to Democracy
219:Stefano Delle Chiaie
165:For other uses, see
846:Union of the Centre
769:Christian Democracy
623:Democratic Alliance
522:Union of Socialists
258:strategy of tension
945:National Democracy
921:Common Man's Front
880:Future and Freedom
799:European Democracy
295:Franco Ferraresi,
1034:
1033:
974:Combatants' Party
951:National Alliance
552:Labour Federation
246:National Vanguard
163:
162:
150:Political parties
145:Politics of Italy
92:Paramilitary wing
1094:
886:New Centre-Right
605:Social Democracy
599:Democratic Party
373:
372:
361:
354:
347:
338:
331:
324:
318:
311:
300:
293:
284:
283:
274:
178:Fronte Nazionale
133:
77:
75:
70:
59:
57:
52:
27:Fronte Nazionale
19:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1030:
997:
956:
909:
898:Direction Italy
850:
816:
739:
704:
669:Italian Renewal
634:
575:
486:
457:
446:Democratic Left
410:
375:
367:
365:
335:
334:
325:
321:
312:
303:
294:
287:
276:
275:
271:
266:
170:
159:
131:
82:Split from
73:
71:
68:
55:
53:
50:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1100:
1098:
1090:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1039:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1002:
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989:
983:
977:
971:
964:
962:
958:
957:
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954:
948:
942:
936:
930:
924:
917:
915:
911:
910:
908:
907:
901:
895:
889:
883:
877:
871:
865:
862:Economic Party
858:
856:
852:
851:
849:
848:
843:
837:
831:
824:
822:
818:
817:
815:
814:
808:
802:
796:
790:
784:
778:
772:
766:
760:
754:
747:
745:
741:
740:
738:
737:
731:
725:
719:
712:
710:
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702:
696:
690:
684:
678:
672:
666:
661:
655:
649:
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636:
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632:
626:
620:
614:
608:
602:
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590:
583:
581:
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567:
561:
555:
549:
543:
537:
531:
525:
519:
513:
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501:
494:
492:
488:
487:
485:
484:
478:
472:
469:Rainbow Greens
465:
463:
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449:
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437:
431:
425:
418:
416:
412:
411:
409:
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396:
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383:
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377:
376:
366:
364:
363:
356:
349:
341:
333:
332:
319:
301:
285:
268:
267:
265:
262:
242:Golpe Borghese
174:National Front
167:National Front
161:
160:
158:
157:
152:
147:
141:
138:
137:
129:
125:
124:
119:
113:
112:
107:
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100:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
65:
61:
60:
47:
43:
42:
37:
31:
30:
24:National Front
23:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1099:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
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1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
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1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1003:
1000:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
965:
963:
959:
952:
949:
946:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
918:
916:
912:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
859:
857:
853:
847:
844:
841:
838:
835:
832:
829:
828:Liberal Union
826:
825:
823:
819:
812:
809:
806:
803:
800:
797:
794:
791:
788:
785:
782:
779:
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773:
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767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
748:
746:
742:
735:
732:
729:
726:
723:
720:
717:
714:
713:
711:
707:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
675:The Democrats
673:
670:
667:
665:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
643:
641:
637:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
617:Radical Party
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
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594:
591:
588:
585:
584:
582:
578:
571:
568:
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541:
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529:
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520:
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450:
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441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
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118:
114:
111:
108:
106:
102:
99:
98:
94:
90:
87:
84:
80:
66:
62:
48:
44:
41:
38:
36:
32:
20:
868:Forza Italia
693:Civic Choice
587:Action Party
510:Action Party
327:
322:
314:
296:
278:
272:
239:
234:Ordine Nuovo
232:
222:
207:trade unions
204:
193:
181:
177:
173:
171:
95:
994:(1946ā1995)
988:(1943ā1945)
982:(1921ā1943)
976:(1919ā1923)
970:(1910ā1923)
961:Nationalist
953:(1995ā2009)
947:(1977ā1979)
941:(1959ā1972)
935:(1954ā1959)
929:(1946ā1959)
923:(1946ā1949)
906:(2019ā2022)
900:(2017ā2019)
894:(2015ā2017)
888:(2013ā2017)
882:(2010ā2014)
876:(2009ā2013)
870:(1994ā2009)
864:(1919ā1924)
842:(1953ā1954)
836:(1922ā1994)
830:(1913ā1922)
813:(1999ā2013)
807:(2005ā2009)
801:(2001ā2002)
795:(1995ā2002)
789:(1994ā2002)
777:(1994ā2002)
771:(1943ā1994)
765:(1919ā1926)
759:(1913ā1919)
753:(1906ā1919)
736:(2011ā2013)
734:Great South
730:(1995ā1996)
724:(1994ā1996)
718:(1943ā1951)
701:(2015ā2018)
695:(2013ā2019)
689:(2002ā2007)
683:(1993ā2003)
677:(1999ā2002)
671:(1996ā2002)
660:(1998ā1999)
654:(1919ā1926)
648:(1913ā1919)
631:(1991ā1999)
629:The Network
625:(1993ā1997)
619:(1955ā1989)
607:(1922ā1926)
601:(1913ā1919)
595:(1904ā1922)
589:(1853ā1867)
572:(2017ā2023)
570:Article One
566:(1998ā2007)
560:(1998ā2007)
554:(1994ā1998)
548:(1947ā1998)
542:(1892ā1994)
536:(1966ā1969)
530:(1949ā1951)
524:(1948ā1949)
518:(1943ā1948)
512:(1929ā1947)
506:(1922ā1930)
500:(1912ā1926)
483:(1990ā2021)
477:(1986ā1990)
471:(1989ā1990)
454:(2010-2016)
448:(2007ā2010)
442:(1991ā1998)
436:(1964ā1972)
430:(1882ā1892)
424:(1881ā1893)
407:(1998ā2014)
401:(1978ā1991)
395:(1921ā1991)
389:(1972ā1984)
313:Ferraresi,
211:corporatism
186:neo-fascist
110:Neo-fascism
1041:Categories
681:Segni Pact
264:References
229:Pino Rauti
215:red terror
904:Cambiamo!
380:Communist
250:terrorism
155:Elections
122:Far-right
64:Dissolved
317:, p. 118
279:Panorama
184:) was a
105:Ideology
128:Colours
72: (
54: (
46:Founded
783:(1998)
613:(1946)
132:
35:Leader
462:Green
135:Black
227:and
172:The
74:1970
67:1970
56:1967
49:1967
260:).
231:'s
221:'s
1043::
304:^
288:^
191:.
182:FN
180:,
360:e
353:t
346:v
176:(
169:.
76:)
58:)
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