300:
516:
281:
456:, with both strands calling for violent action. He supported the old tactic of direct street fights with far left militia groups but also endorsed a process of infiltrating these groups and thus provoking them to more action and more direct confrontation with law enforcement. Rauti hoped that his policy would create an atmosphere of civil unrest that he hoped would be more conducive to a
546:. This opened space for a new Evola-based movement to gain power within the party under Rauti and he placed his emphasis on youth by organising Camp Hobbit, a series of events for young party members that were noted for having a much more casual and fun-oriented vibe than previous party youth initiatives. The event was such a success that afterwards the MSI youth movement, the
1017:
977:
937:
897:
857:
817:
777:
608:. He also underlined his opposition to the United States and Western values as well as his support for ethnopluralism. However the 3.9% of the vote captured at the 1990 regional elections represented the worst return in MSI history and a further slump in support in local elections in
475:
magistrates brought Rauti to trial in 1972 over possible involvement in the Piazza
Fontana attack but ultimately he was acquitted due to a lack of evidence. Rauti was aided in this by being able to provide an alibi for the Padua meeting.
1566:
1595:
1000:
960:
109:
1475:
920:
880:
840:
800:
760:
491:, producing a series of pamphlets with him in the 1960s. Some documents have also claimed that Rauti was either a 'contact' or a paid informer for the head of the
1905:
1870:
417:. Such was Rauti's support for Evola's philosophy that his own theoretical writings demonstrated so much of his mentor's influences as to be at times plagiarism.
1895:
1834:
632:, which he saw as continuing the path of fascism. Although commentators had expected the party to be a fringe movement it polled surprisingly well in the
637:
620:
Rauti remained a hard-line critic of Fini's leadership until 1995 when Fini declared the dissolution of the MSI and the foundation, in its place, of the
660:
coalition. Rauti became a strong critic of the direction taken by
Romagnoli leading to him being expelled from the party he had founded in early 2004.
597:
the central policy of the MSI. The move provoked alarm as it seemed that Fini was seeking to abandon fascism altogether and instead turn the MSI to
1920:
1915:
1588:
1142:
444:
Alongside his political career Rauti was also the subject of a series of allegations linking him to the terror campaigns associated with the
1900:
33:
604:
As leader Rauti sought to underline the party's fascism as being a radical revolutionary creed that, he argued, should not be considered
1910:
577:
in the developing world. Fini however, presenting a more moderate platform, secured the leadership by taking 727 votes to Rauti's 608.
1890:
990:
950:
436:, and so his group split off at the 1956 party conference, with Rauti launching a tirade of abuse at the MSI leadership as he left.
390:
304:
88:
1880:
1581:
340:
1787:
1925:
550:, threw their lot in with Rauti's faction. Meanwhile, his influence continued to grow when he became a leading figure in the
497:, which was itself linked to the strategy of tension. It has also been suggested that he was responsible for setting up the
1503:
1479:
1875:
910:
870:
830:
790:
750:
633:
1885:
542:
Rauti's position within the MSI was strengthened in 1977 when the main moderate faction broke away to form a new party,
507:. However, there was never any concrete evidence to link Rauti to terrorism and he was never convicted of any offences.
493:
915:
875:
835:
795:
755:
536:
499:
117:
601:. This radical departure, combined with some poor electoral showings, led to Rauti replacing Fini as leader in 1990.
373:
for many years. Involved in active politics since 1948, he was one of founders and for many years the leader of the
1811:
543:
1806:
1521:
1007:
621:
1476:"Il segretario Pino Rauti lascia il posto a Luca Romagnoli Fiamma tricolore: virata verso la Casa delle libertĂ "
428:. However Rauti became disillusioned with the MSI, particularly after the party supported the presidency bid of
1775:
1769:
197:
1032:
535:
outside the MSI although the two men actually remained close associates. Meanwhile, Rauti was elected to the
1604:
967:
927:
887:
847:
807:
767:
590:
402:
394:
374:
286:
212:
202:
48:
565:. Continuing to present a policy platform based on the ideas of Evola, Rauti also demonstrated elements of
1839:
1683:
1448:
1112:
585:
Despite his defeat Rauti's position within the party was soon strengthened. Fini looked to the success of
464:
398:
1622:
628:
heritage which he felt was central to the MSI, Rauti led a group of militants to break away and form the
377:(MSI). He was the main representative of the MSI's radical faction until the party dissolution in 1995.
1725:
515:
1865:
1860:
1689:
1634:
664:
480:
222:
1501:
Il
Movimento Sociale Fiamma Tricolore replica alle irresponsabili dichiarazioni di Rauti alla stampa
479:
Rauti was known to be close to Mario
Merlino and by extension was linked to Merlino's close comrade
1750:
995:
955:
551:
445:
386:
166:
1713:
593:
in France and, seeking to utilise the template they had established, sought to make opposition to
1744:
557:
In 1987 Rauti, by then deputy-secretary of the MSI, was one of two candidates seeking to succeed
406:
1719:
1646:
1628:
1138:
657:
653:
586:
558:
528:
520:
504:
370:
1640:
1562:
1443:
629:
429:
170:
682:
Besides his career in politics Rauti was also a noted journalist, joining the staff of the
467:
whilst he had also been named as having attended high-level terrorism planning meetings in
1816:
1701:
1695:
1664:
1652:
1525:
1507:
1261:
712:
566:
562:
217:
71:
704:
700:
649:
570:
449:
433:
249:
1854:
1707:
716:
693:
527:
Rauti returned to the MSI in 1969 and was given a seat on the
Central Committee by
488:
425:
410:
405:(MSI) two years later. He became a leading member of the party and also joined the
334:
207:
1132:
1500:
594:
574:
531:. Rauti's move was condemned by Clemente Graziani, who continued to lead a rump
457:
366:
32:
1781:
605:
453:
263:
259:
1082:
2 - Dannunzianesimo, biennio rosso, marcia su Roma, 2004, ed. Controcorrente
1573:
688:
598:
692:
in 1953. He would also act as one of the
Italian correspondents for the
625:
612:
saw him removed from the leadership in July 1991 and replaced by Fini.
472:
1518:
708:
636:
and even managed to capture a seat in the
European Parliament in the
609:
420:
In 1954 he established his own group within the MSI based around the
1050:
L'immane conflitto: Mussolini, Roosevelt, Stalin, Churchill, Hitler
719:
for one term from 2008 to 2013; he was not re-elected into office.
514:
468:
683:
671:
186:
138:
1577:
1172:
Threats to
Democracy - The Radical Right in Italy After the War
1134:
Storia della destra: dal postfascismo al Popolo della libertĂ
1079:
1 - Le interpretazioni e le origini, 2003, ed. Controcorrente
1091:
5 - L'espansione e l'Asse, 1979, Centro editoriale nazionale
1094:
6 - Nel grande conflitto, 1979, Centro editoriale nazionale
652:, who immediately adopted a policy of seeking to work with
413:
and, along with Enzo Erra, served as editor of his journal
1565:; the couple separated in 1996, got back together in 2002
1088:
4 - Verso il governo, 1978, Centro editoriale nazionale
1266:
Edward Heath Made Me Angry: The
Christie File Part 3
1085:
3 - La conquista del potere, 2009 ed. Controcorrente
1044:
Storia d'Italia nei discorsi di
Mussolini, 1915-1945
452:, Rauti sought to use a twin-track approach against
365:(19 November 1926 – 2 November 2012) was an Italian
1825:
1797:
1760:
1735:
1674:
1613:
330:
318:
310:
293:
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269:
255:
245:
237:
229:
193:
176:
153:
148:
134:
115:
105:
87:
77:
65:
46:
23:
401:. Rauti returned to Italy in 1946 and joined the
648:Rauti stood down as leader in 2002 in favour of
463:Rauti's name cropped up in the inquiry into the
1589:
322:
8:
1102:, (with Rutilio Sermonti), ed. Europa, 1990
369:politician who was a leading figure of the
1596:
1582:
1574:
31:
20:
397:before briefly going into exile with the
726:
389:. As a youth, Rauti volunteered for the
1463:Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe
1432:Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe
1419:Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe
1400:
1398:
1396:
1375:Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe
1123:
663:He then established his own party, the
1356:
1354:
1352:
1137:(in Italian). Vallecchi. p. 200.
1076:(with Rutilio Sermonti), in 6 volumi:
561:as leader of the MSI, the other being
409:initiative. He became associated with
61:14 January 1990 – 7 July 1991
1906:People of the Italian Social Republic
1871:People from the Province of Catanzaro
7:
1563:Gianni Alemanno Former Mayor of Rome
738:
130:25 May 1972 – 22 April 1992
101:25 July 1989 – 19 July 1999
1896:Italian Social Movement politicians
569:thinking, having been converted to
483:. He also collaborated with former
14:
233:1.68 m (5 ft 6 in)
89:Member of the European Parliament
1058:, (with Guido Giannettini), 1975
1056:Le mani rosse sulle forze armate
1046:, (with Giuseppe Carlucci), 1966
1015:
975:
935:
895:
855:
815:
775:
298:
279:
1004:
964:
924:
884:
844:
804:
764:
624:. Seeing this a break from the
391:Guardia Nazionale Repubblicana
16:Italian politician (1926–2012)
1:
921:Rome–Viterbo–Latina–Frosinone
881:Rome–Viterbo–Latina–Frosinone
841:Rome–Viterbo–Latina–Frosinone
801:Rome–Viterbo–Latina–Frosinone
761:Rome–Viterbo–Latina–Frosinone
1062:Le idee che mossero il mondo
494:Servizio Informazioni Difesa
1901:Tricolour Flame politicians
1131:Baldoni, Adalberto (2009).
537:Italian Chamber of Deputies
500:Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari
1942:
1911:Spanish military personnel
744:
741:
735:
732:
348:
305:National Republican Guard
144:
123:
94:
54:
42:
30:
1921:MEPs for Italy 1984–1989
1916:MEPs for Italy 1979–1984
1891:Italian male journalists
1776:National Party of Europe
1770:European Social Movement
1033:Ministry of the Interior
729:
1881:Italian anti-communists
1606:Italian Social Movement
644:Retirement and comeback
432:and the premiership of
403:Italian Social Movement
395:Italian Social Republic
375:Italian Social Movement
287:Italian Social Republic
49:Italian Social Movement
1840:Acca Larentia killings
1684:Junio Valerio Borghese
1449:The Anatomy of Fascism
1113:Radical right (Europe)
1100:Fascismo e Mezzogiorno
715:in 1992; Alemanno was
524:
465:Piazza Fontana bombing
399:Spanish Foreign Legion
323:
1926:Historians of fascism
548:Fronte della GioventĂą
518:
440:Terrorism allegations
311:Years of service
1876:Italian neo-fascists
1690:Augusto De Marsanich
1635:Augusto De Marsanich
1551:Threats to Democracy
1538:Threats to Democracy
1388:Threats to Democracy
1344:Threats to Democracy
1331:Threats to Democracy
1318:Threats to Democracy
1305:Threats to Democracy
1292:Threats to Democracy
1279:Threats to Democracy
1250:Threats to Democracy
1237:Threats to Democracy
1224:Threats to Democracy
1211:Threats to Democracy
1198:Threats to Democracy
1185:Threats to Democracy
665:Social Idea Movement
481:Stefano Delle Chiaie
1886:Italian journalists
1835:List of politicians
1623:Giacinto Trevisonno
1482:on 22 February 2014
1159:Fascism - A History
1074:Storia del fascismo
996:European Parliament
956:European Parliament
916:Chamber of Deputies
876:Chamber of Deputies
836:Chamber of Deputies
796:Chamber of Deputies
756:Chamber of Deputies
552:European Parliament
446:strategy of tension
387:Cardinale, Calabria
118:Chamber of Deputies
1812:National Democracy
1524:2010-02-10 at the
1506:2010-06-28 at the
1170:Franco Ferraresi,
1070:, ed. Europa, 1989
1064:, ed. Europa, 1980
622:Alleanza Nazionale
554:during the 1980s.
544:National Democracy
525:
407:New European Order
385:Rauti was born in
47:Secretary of the
1848:
1847:
1807:National Alliance
1726:Alfredo Pazzaglia
1720:Giorgio Almirante
1647:Giorgio Almirante
1629:Giorgio Almirante
1519:MIS Official site
1144:978-88-8427-140-2
1029:
1028:
723:Electoral history
658:House of Freedoms
654:Silvio Berlusconi
587:Jean-Marie Le Pen
581:Leadership of MSI
559:Giorgio Almirante
529:Giorgio Almirante
521:Giorgio Almirante
511:Return to the MSI
505:Guido Giannettini
371:Italian far-right
352:
351:
1933:
1828:
1800:
1763:
1738:
1677:
1641:Arturo Michelini
1616:
1607:
1598:
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1547:
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1528:
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1510:
1498:
1492:
1491:
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1478:. Archived from
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1459:
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1444:Robert O. Paxton
1441:
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1068:Benito Mussolini
1022:
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902:
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858:
822:
819:
818:
782:
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727:
630:Fiamma Tricolore
616:Fiamma Tricolore
573:and support for
430:Giovanni Gronchi
355:Giuseppe Umberto
341:Italian Campaign
326:
303:
302:
301:
285:
283:
282:
270:Military service
183:
164:19 November 1926
163:
161:
149:Personal details
128:
99:
80:
68:
59:
35:
21:
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1851:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1826:
1821:
1817:Tricolour Flame
1798:
1793:
1761:
1756:
1736:
1731:
1702:Alfredo Covelli
1696:Gino Birindelli
1675:
1670:
1665:Gianfranco Fini
1653:Gianfranco Fini
1614:
1609:
1605:
1602:
1572:
1561:
1557:
1548:
1544:
1535:
1531:
1526:Wayback Machine
1517:
1513:
1508:Wayback Machine
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1276:
1272:
1262:Stuart Christie
1260:
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1234:
1230:
1221:
1217:
1208:
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1182:
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1157:Roger Eatwell,
1156:
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1125:
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1038:Published works
1020:
1016:
980:
976:
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780:
776:
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713:Gianni Alemanno
680:
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583:
567:Nouvelle Droite
563:Gianfranco Fini
513:
442:
383:
337:
299:
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194:Political party
185:
181:
180:2 November 2012
165:
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100:
95:
83:Gianfranco Fini
78:
72:Gianfranco Fini
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1939:
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1795:
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1788:European Right
1785:
1779:
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1452:, 2004, p. 104
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1373:Piero Ignazi,
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1268:, 2004, p. 297
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734:
731:
724:
721:
679:
676:
670:Rauti died in
650:Luca Romagnoli
645:
642:
617:
614:
591:Front National
582:
579:
571:ethnopluralism
512:
509:
450:anti-communist
441:
438:
434:Giuseppe Pella
382:
379:
350:
349:
346:
345:
344:
343:
332:
328:
327:
320:
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308:
307:
295:
294:Branch/service
291:
290:
276:
272:
271:
267:
266:
257:
253:
252:
250:Isabella Rauti
247:
243:
242:
241:Brunella Rauti
239:
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195:
191:
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184:(aged 85)
178:
174:
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155:
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136:
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116:Member of the
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24:
15:
13:
10:
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6:
4:
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2:
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1864:
1862:
1859:
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1856:
1841:
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1836:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1827:Miscellaneous
1824:
1818:
1815:
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1808:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1796:
1789:
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1746:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1734:
1727:
1724:
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1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1708:Pino Romualdi
1706:
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1497:
1494:
1481:
1477:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1380:
1377:, 2006, p. 40
1376:
1370:
1367:
1363:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1313:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1287:
1284:
1280:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1180:
1177:
1174:, 1996, p. 59
1173:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1154:
1151:
1146:
1140:
1136:
1135:
1127:
1124:
1118:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1098:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1035:
1034:
1025:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1002:
1001:Central Italy
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
988:
985:
974:
971:
969:
966:
962:
961:Central Italy
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
948:
945:
934:
931:
929:
926:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
908:
905:
894:
891:
889:
886:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
868:
865:
854:
851:
849:
846:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
828:
825:
814:
811:
809:
806:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
788:
785:
774:
771:
769:
766:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
748:
736:Constituency
728:
722:
720:
718:
717:Mayor of Rome
714:
710:
706:
702:
699:His daughter
697:
695:
694:Aginter Press
691:
690:
686:-based daily
685:
678:Personal life
677:
675:
673:
668:
666:
661:
659:
655:
651:
643:
641:
639:
638:1999 election
635:
634:1996 election
631:
627:
623:
615:
613:
611:
607:
602:
600:
596:
592:
588:
580:
578:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
555:
553:
549:
545:
540:
538:
534:
530:
522:
517:
510:
508:
506:
502:
501:
496:
495:
490:
486:
482:
477:
474:
471:in 1969. The
470:
466:
461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
439:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
418:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
380:
378:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
347:
342:
339:
338:
336:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
306:
296:
292:
288:
277:
273:
268:
265:
261:
258:
254:
251:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
196:
192:
188:
179:
175:
172:
168:
156:
152:
147:
143:
140:
137:
133:
127:
122:
119:
114:
111:
110:Central Italy
108:
104:
98:
93:
90:
86:
82:
76:
73:
70:
64:
58:
53:
50:
45:
41:
37:Rauti in 1972
34:
29:
22:
19:
1762:Affiliations
1714:Nino Tripodi
1658:
1558:
1550:
1545:
1537:
1532:
1514:
1496:
1484:. Retrieved
1480:the original
1470:
1462:
1457:
1447:
1439:
1431:
1426:
1418:
1413:
1405:
1387:
1382:
1374:
1369:
1361:
1343:
1338:
1330:
1325:
1317:
1312:
1304:
1299:
1291:
1286:
1278:
1273:
1265:
1257:
1249:
1244:
1236:
1231:
1223:
1218:
1210:
1205:
1197:
1192:
1184:
1179:
1171:
1166:
1158:
1153:
1133:
1126:
1099:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1030:
1023:
983:
943:
903:
863:
823:
783:
698:
687:
681:
669:
662:
647:
619:
603:
584:
556:
547:
541:
533:Ordine Nuovo
532:
526:
498:
492:
489:Franco Freda
485:Ordine Nuovo
484:
478:
462:
443:
426:Ordine Nuovo
421:
419:
414:
411:Julius Evola
384:
362:
358:
354:
353:
335:World War II
331:Battles/wars
324:Capomanipolo
182:(2012-11-02)
135:Constituency
125:
106:Constituency
96:
79:Succeeded by
56:
18:
1866:2012 deaths
1861:1926 births
1790:(1984–1989)
1784:(1979–1984)
1778:(1962–1966)
1772:(1951–1962)
1753:(1971–1996)
1751:Youth Front
1747:(1954–1971)
1745:Young Italy
1737:Youth wings
1728:(1990–1994)
1722:(1987–1988)
1716:(1982–1987)
1710:(1976–1982)
1704:(1973–1976)
1698:(1972–1973)
1692:(1954–1972)
1686:(1952–1954)
1667:(1991–1995)
1661:(1990–1991)
1655:(1987–1990)
1649:(1969–1987)
1643:(1954–1969)
1637:(1950–1954)
1631:(1947–1950)
1625:(1946–1947)
1615:Secretaries
1549:Ferraresi,
1536:Ferraresi,
1386:Ferraresi,
1342:Ferraresi,
1329:Ferraresi,
1316:Ferraresi,
1303:Ferraresi,
1290:Ferraresi,
1277:Ferraresi,
1248:Ferraresi,
1235:Ferraresi,
1222:Ferraresi,
1209:Ferraresi,
1196:Ferraresi,
1183:Ferraresi,
674:, aged 85.
595:immigration
575:nationalism
519:Rauti with
503:along with
458:neo-fascist
424:group, the
381:Early years
367:neo-fascist
289:(1943–1945)
225:(2004–2012)
220:(1995–2002)
215:(1969–1995)
210:(1957–1969)
205:(1947–1957)
200:(1943–1945)
67:Preceded by
1855:Categories
1782:Eurodroite
1676:Presidents
1659:Pino Rauti
1486:4 December
1213:, pp. 52-3
1119:References
711:, married
606:right-wing
460:takeover.
454:communists
448:. A noted
275:Allegiance
264:politician
260:Journalist
256:Occupation
160:1926-11-19
25:Pino Rauti
1799:Derivates
1404:Eatwell,
1360:Eatwell,
730:Election
539:in 1972.
314:1943–1945
167:Cardinale
126:In office
97:In office
57:In office
1553:, p. 224
1540:, p. 220
1522:Archived
1504:Archived
1461:Ignazi,
1430:Ignazi,
1417:Ignazi,
1408:, p. 264
1390:, p. 155
1364:, p. 263
1333:, p. 239
1294:, p. 228
1281:, p. 238
1252:, p. 101
1239:, p. 225
1200:, p. 218
1187:, p. 210
1107:See also
1031:Source:
772:100,240
701:Isabella
689:Il Tempo
599:populism
589:and the
422:Imperium
415:Imperium
246:Children
1465:, p. 52
1434:, p. 43
1421:, p. 42
1406:Fascism
1362:Fascism
1346:, p. 53
1320:, p. 63
1307:, p. 96
1226:, p. 86
1024:Elected
1012:66,780
984:Elected
972:97,127
944:Elected
932:36,237
904:Elected
892:46,393
864:Elected
852:43,975
824:Elected
812:36,167
784:Elected
745:Result
705:senator
626:fascist
523:in 1969
487:member
473:Treviso
393:of the
189:, Italy
1141:
1052:, 1967
742:Votes
739:Party
733:House
709:Mantua
610:Sicily
284:
238:Spouse
230:Height
707:from
469:Padua
363:Rauti
171:Italy
1488:2009
1139:ISBN
991:1994
951:1989
911:1987
871:1983
831:1979
791:1976
751:1972
684:Rome
672:Rome
359:Pino
319:Rank
187:Rome
177:Died
154:Born
139:Rome
968:MSI
928:MSI
888:MSI
848:MSI
808:MSI
768:MSI
656:'s
223:MIS
213:MSI
203:MSI
198:PFR
1857::
1446:,
1395:^
1351:^
1264:,
1008:AN
703:,
696:.
667:.
640:.
361:"
262:,
218:FT
208:ON
169:,
1597:e
1590:t
1583:v
1568:.
1490:.
1147:.
1021:Y
981:Y
941:Y
901:Y
861:Y
821:Y
781:Y
357:"
162:)
158:(
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