2402:
3247:
5306:
3257:
205:(MCS). This meant that the ROM had to store only two character sets, standard ASCII and MCS, and could build any required local ASCII variant on the fly. For instance, instead of having a separate "UK ASCII" version of the terminal with a modified glyph in ROM, the terminal included an NRCS with instructions to replace the hash mark glyph with the pound. When used in the UK, typing
27:
3267:
188:
serial link, ASCII can be expanded to support a total of 256 characters. In this case, instead of replacing the characters in the original printable characters range from 32 to 127, new characters are added in the 128 to 255 range. This offers enough room for a single character set to include all the
164:
ASCII does not have enough room to include other common characters such as multi-national currency symbols or the various accented letters common in
European languages. This led to a number of country-specific varieties of 7-bit ASCII with certain characters replaced. For instance, the UK standard
2044:
200:
NRCS was introduced to solve the problem of requiring different terminals for each country by allowing characters in the basic 7-bit ASCII set to be re-defined by copying the glyph from the DEC's version of ISO Latin, the
133:
to be replaced by one from another set, allowing the construction of different character sets on the fly. It was used to customize the character set to different local languages, without having to change the terminal's
4924:
2349:
3769:
96:
3606:
2316:
2277:
2238:
1859:
1815:
1776:
1730:
1691:
1603:
1957:
3714:
3789:
3303:
2342:
1465:(The provided link goes to a digitized version, which contains some subtle OCR errors, therefore isn't a reliable reference for the character set mappings)
89:
5016:
4770:
5333:
5006:
3270:
3260:
2335:
1514:
4755:
3709:
4889:
2958:
2390:
2304:
2265:
2226:
2190:
1922:
1886:
1847:
1803:
1764:
1718:
1679:
1591:
212:
The NRCS could be set through a setup command, or more commonly, by replacing the keyboard with a model that sent back a code when first
3032:
82:
216:. That way simply plugging in a UK keyboard, which had a pound sign on the 3 key, automatically set the NRCS to that same replacement.
193:
standard character set containing 191 characters of what it calls the "Latin alphabet no. 1", but normally referred to as "ISO Latin".
5283:
3341:
3037:
2978:
4839:
4455:
4450:
3953:
3784:
3296:
2057:
1424:
3873:
1500:
DEC (February 1992) . "Chapter 2: Character
Encoding - National Replacement Character Sets (NRC Sets) (Worldwide Models Only)".
5091:
5026:
4780:
4760:
3172:
1986:
4844:
3437:
3331:
2792:
4958:
4929:
4579:
3062:
2358:
1641:
1565:
1510:
1416:
1388:, except for code point 64 (0x40), which is assigned to "@" in the DEC character set, but to "´" in the ISO character set.
118:
5021:
4909:
4869:
3289:
3152:
2859:
2410:
1943:
2140:
5263:
4874:
4790:
4775:
4679:
4592:
4564:
4530:
3210:
3157:
2940:
2902:
2747:
2147:
2016:
1948:
202:
161:. This set of 96 printable characters includes upper and lower case letters, numbers, and basic math and punctuation.
4540:
4535:
5237:
5182:
5103:
4884:
4879:
3888:
3187:
2973:
2297:
IBM Software: Globalization: Coded character sets and related resources: Code pages by CPGID: Code page identifiers
2258:
IBM Software: Globalization: Coded character sets and related resources: Code pages by CPGID: Code page identifiers
2219:
IBM Software: Globalization: Coded character sets and related resources: Code pages by CPGID: Code page identifiers
2183:
IBM Software: Globalization: Coded character sets and related resources: Code pages by CPGID: Code page identifiers
1915:
IBM Software: Globalization: Coded character sets and related resources: Code pages by CPGID: Code page identifiers
1879:
IBM Software: Globalization: Coded character sets and related resources: Code pages by CPGID: Code page identifiers
1840:
IBM Software: Globalization: Coded character sets and related resources: Code pages by CPGID: Code page identifiers
1796:
IBM Software: Globalization: Coded character sets and related resources: Code pages by CPGID: Code page identifiers
1757:
IBM Software: Globalization: Coded character sets and related resources: Code pages by CPGID: Code page identifiers
1711:
IBM Software: Globalization: Coded character sets and related resources: Code pages by CPGID: Code page identifiers
1672:
IBM Software: Globalization: Coded character sets and related resources: Code pages by CPGID: Code page identifiers
1584:
IBM Software: Globalization: Coded character sets and related resources: Code pages by CPGID: Code page identifiers
138:
for different countries, or alternately, include many different sets in a larger ROM. Many 3rd party terminals and
4944:
4899:
4735:
4284:
3988:
3933:
3898:
3221:
2320:
2318:
2281:
2279:
2242:
2240:
1900:
1898:
1863:
1861:
1819:
1817:
1780:
1778:
1734:
1732:
1695:
1693:
1607:
1605:
4459:
3968:
3948:
3943:
3883:
3878:
3387:
2884:
189:
variety of characters used in North
America and western Europe. This capability led to the introduction of the
2401:
5328:
5309:
5293:
5220:
5215:
5177:
5148:
5113:
4545:
4279:
3978:
3863:
3205:
153:
is a 7-bit standard, allowing a total of 128 characters in the character set. Some of these are reserved as
4904:
4894:
4750:
4740:
4274:
3983:
3428:
3415:
3351:
3177:
2742:
2490:
2485:
5081:
4919:
4854:
4730:
4269:
3423:
3250:
2417:
4299:
1339:
5242:
4914:
4804:
4674:
4294:
3167:
2935:
2839:
2115:
2100:
2085:
2040:
387:
317:
158:
4715:
1501:
5197:
4824:
4309:
4194:
4184:
4179:
3027:
2772:
2426:
414:
377:
344:
307:
5278:
5126:
4939:
4934:
4859:
3858:
3832:
3356:
3312:
2894:
1349:
404:
334:
2292:
2253:
2214:
2178:
1911:
1874:
1835:
1791:
1752:
1706:
1667:
1579:
5268:
5207:
5187:
4849:
4829:
4809:
4437:
3913:
3893:
3405:
3004:
2587:
2063:
2053:
1420:
154:
139:
122:
5225:
4799:
4765:
4475:
4304:
3042:
2727:
1343:
1325:
174:
135:
5273:
5192:
3923:
3918:
3908:
3853:
3538:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
2950:
2378:
1320:
867:
224:
DEC terminals from the VT220 on had 12 different NRCS sets in addition to standard ASCII:
2052:. Best of Interface Age. Vol. 2. Portland, OR, USA: dilithium Press. pp. 1–50.
177:, differing only in the glyphs stored in ROM. Some of these were standardized as part of
4725:
4720:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4659:
4654:
4647:
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4402:
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4367:
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4357:
4264:
4259:
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4209:
3993:
3973:
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3498:
3493:
3488:
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3326:
3047:
2914:
2908:
2468:
1385:
1243:
1170:
1095:
950:
863:
790:
718:
645:
572:
499:
429:
359:
190:
5322:
5045:
4465:
4352:
4347:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4204:
4199:
4189:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
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4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
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4049:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
3928:
3903:
3868:
3827:
3573:
3092:
1460:
280:
130:
1978:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
4785:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4480:
3963:
3958:
3938:
3822:
3814:
3447:
3087:
2983:
2930:
2829:
1645:
601:
409:
339:
194:
1668:"SBCS code page information - CPGID: 01107 / Name: Norwegian/Danish NRC Alternate"
1410:
3380:
3363:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2536:
2532:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2384:
2327:
1454:
1377:
185:
178:
5230:
5171:
5138:
4991:
4669:
3764:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3684:
3568:
3563:
3553:
3548:
3346:
3336:
3145:
2920:
1208:
1130:
1060:
992:
955:
915:
872:
828:
754:
683:
609:
537:
464:
394:
324:
289:
1875:"SBCS code page information - CPGID: 01020 / Name: Canadian (French) Variant"
5118:
5096:
5001:
4814:
3843:
3774:
3754:
3749:
3674:
3669:
3118:
3022:
2993:
2879:
2573:
2568:
2507:
2372:
2151:
1953:
1707:"SBCS code page information - CPGID: 01105 / Name: Norwegian/Danish NRC Set"
1381:
958:
883:
875:
62:
2254:"SBCS code page information - CPGID: 01106 / Name: Swedish British NRC Set"
2008:
209:
produced the pound, the same keys pressed on a US terminal produced hash.
31:
Invariant subset of NRCS. Red Bowen knots (⌘) denote national code points.
26:
5288:
5143:
5108:
5086:
4996:
4819:
3759:
3744:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3679:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3410:
3400:
3396:
3370:
3129:
2869:
2864:
2824:
2603:
2463:
2445:
2440:
1333:
292:
58:
173:. This normally led to different models of a given computer terminal or
5158:
4954:
4864:
4745:
4319:
3689:
3664:
3654:
3392:
3182:
3067:
3017:
3012:
2963:
2849:
2809:
2804:
2752:
2293:"SBCS code page information - CPGID: 01021 / Name: Switzerland Variant"
213:
72:
3281:
2071:
1912:"SBCS code page information - CPGID: 01011 / Name: 7-Bit Germany F.R."
5163:
5153:
5131:
5011:
4986:
4981:
4834:
4664:
4555:
4445:
3804:
3794:
3779:
3596:
3215:
3135:
3123:
2988:
2819:
2814:
2787:
2782:
2757:
2699:
1329:
1792:"SBCS code page information - CPGID: 01103 / Name: Finnish NRC Set"
1580:"SBCS code page information - CPGID: 01101 / Name: British NRC Set"
629:
585:
5258:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4583:
4289:
3799:
3739:
3601:
3375:
3232:
3227:
3200:
3192:
3162:
3140:
3113:
3057:
3052:
2968:
2874:
2854:
2799:
2777:
2762:
2737:
2717:
2711:
2705:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2625:
1836:"SBCS code page information - CPGID: 01104 / Name: French NRC Set"
1561:
1353:
285:
150:
126:
48:
2215:"SBCS code page information - CPGID: 01023 / Name: Spain Variant"
1753:"SBCS code page information - CPGID: 01102 / Name: Dutch NRC Set"
4569:
3659:
3097:
3082:
3077:
3072:
2767:
2620:
2615:
2609:
2597:
2497:
2478:
2473:
2067:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1155:
1150:
1144:
1140:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
985:
980:
974:
969:
964:
940:
935:
930:
925:
908:
903:
898:
893:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
779:
774:
769:
764:
747:
742:
736:
731:
726:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
678:
673:
668:
663:
634:
624:
619:
596:
590:
580:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
484:
479:
474:
457:
452:
447:
367:
3285:
2331:
2179:"SBCS code page information - CPGID: 01012 / Name: 7-Bit Italy"
5036:
2455:
2300:
2261:
2222:
2186:
1918:
1882:
1843:
1799:
1760:
1714:
1675:
1587:
879:
1135:
1065:
920:
759:
614:
469:
399:
382:
329:
312:
1409:
Hartman
Kennelly, Cynthia (1991). Unch, Jacqueline (ed.).
1160:
1085:
1037:
658:
489:
442:
419:
372:
349:
302:
129:
in 1983. NRCS allowed individual characters from one
2150:. June 2003. HP part-number 502-0378. Archived from
5251:
5206:
5074:
5035:
4953:
4688:
4578:
4554:
4436:
4318:
4002:
3841:
3813:
3647:
3589:
3446:
3319:
3106:
3002:
2949:
2893:
2838:
2726:
2586:
2561:
2506:
2454:
2425:
2409:
2365:
68:
54:
44:
36:
1412:Digital Guide To Developing International Software
2135:
2133:
5238:Unicode control, format and separator characters
2096:(5). Portland, OR, USA: dilithium Press: 96–102.
1372:
1370:
2126:(7). Portland, OR, USA: dilithium Press: 80–87.
2111:(6). Portland, OR, USA: dilithium Press: 64–74.
1979:"Web Encodings - Internet Explorer - Encodings"
1178:
1032:
888:
798:
653:
507:
437:
297:
197:is a slightly expanded superset of ISO Latin.
3297:
2343:
2209:
2207:
2141:"HP PCL/PJL Reference PCL 5 Comparison Guide"
2035:
2033:
1830:
1828:
1826:
117:) was a feature supported by later models of
90:
8:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1636:
1634:
1495:
1493:
1491:
142:supporting VT200 codes also supported NRCS.
19:
1647:VT510 Video Terminal Programmer Information
1632:
1630:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1556:
1554:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
3304:
3290:
3282:
2422:
2400:
2350:
2336:
2328:
2009:"German (IA5) encoding - Windows charsets"
1552:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
226:
97:
83:
2173:
2171:
2118:(July 1978). "Inside ASCII - Part III".
2013:WUtils.com - Online web utility and help
2103:(June 1978). "Inside ASCII - Part II".
1401:
1366:
18:
2088:(May 1978). "Inside ASCII - Part I".
1376:This DEC character set is similar to
7:
3266:
2959:Digital Storage Systems Interconnect
3033:Dynamically Redefined Character Set
2043:(1980). "Chapter 1: Inside ASCII".
1562:"VT220 Programmer Reference Manual"
165:simply replaced ASCII's hash mark,
4648:Norwegian and Danish (alternative)
2979:Synchronous Backplane Interconnect
111:National Replacement Character Set
40:National Replacement Character Set
14:
1503:VT420 Programmer Reference Manual
5305:
5304:
3265:
3256:
3255:
3246:
3245:
25:
5092:Digital encoding of APL symbols
5027:Comparison of Unicode encodings
3545:Proposed but not approved
3173:Maintenance Operations Protocol
2307:from the original on 2016-12-05
2268:from the original on 2016-12-05
2229:from the original on 2016-12-05
2193:from the original on 2016-06-17
2019:from the original on 2016-06-20
1989:from the original on 2016-06-20
1960:from the original on 2016-06-19
1925:from the original on 2016-06-17
1889:from the original on 2016-12-05
1850:from the original on 2016-12-05
1806:from the original on 2016-12-05
1767:from the original on 2016-12-05
1721:from the original on 2016-12-05
1682:from the original on 2016-12-05
1594:from the original on 2016-12-05
1520:from the original on 2017-01-29
1513:. p. 28. EK–VT420–RM.002.
1453:DEC (June 1987). "Appendix E".
1:
5334:Digital Equipment Corporation
3063:Mass Storage Control Protocol
2359:Digital Equipment Corporation
1642:Digital Equipment Corporation
1566:Digital Equipment Corporation
1511:Digital Equipment Corporation
1417:Digital Equipment Corporation
16:Feature of computer terminals
3153:Digital Federal Credit Union
2375:(founder and CEO, 1957–1992)
1644:(DEC). "7. Character Sets".
5264:Character encodings in HTML
4598:National Replacement (NRCS)
4565:Japanese language in EBCDIC
3197:Sequence and Batch Language
3158:Dynamic debugging technique
2148:Hewlett-Packard Company, LP
1949:Microsoft Developer Network
426:Denmark/Norway (Alternate)
203:Multinational Character Set
125:systems, starting with the
5350:
3188:Record Management Services
2974:Standard Disk Interconnect
5302:
3241:
3222:The Ultimate Entrepreneur
2398:
2007:Foller, Antonin (2014) .
1456:VT320 Programming Summary
169:, with the pound symbol,
78:
69:Other related encoding(s)
24:
5294:Variable-length encoding
5075:Miscellaneous code pages
3833:Extended Unix Code / EUC
3524:-15 (New Western Europe)
3320:Early telecommunications
2885:DIGITAL Command Language
2046:General Purpose Software
20:DEC NRCS encoding family
5221:C0 and C1 control codes
3211:Systems Research Center
3206:System Reference Manual
1944:"Code Page Identifiers"
3469:-3 (Maltese/Esperanto)
3420:World System Teletext
3178:On-line Debugging Tool
5243:Whitespace characters
4920:Ventura International
2116:Bemer, Robert William
2101:Bemer, Robert William
2086:Bemer, Robert William
2041:Bemer, Robert William
4638:Norwegian and Danish
3168:Local Area Transport
2926:National Replacement
2015:. Motobit Software.
159:printable characters
5198:Unified Hangul Code
4870:PostScript Standard
4593:Multinational (MCS)
3464:-2 (Central Europe)
3459:-1 (Western Europe)
3313:Character encodings
3028:Digital Linear Tape
2387:(VP of engineering)
961:, UNI 0204-70
21:
5279:Hardware code page
5039:typesetting system
4875:PostScript Latin 1
4531:Cyrillic + Finnish
4438:Windows code pages
4320:IBM AIX code pages
3648:National standards
3579:Ukrainian Cyrillic
3251:Computers template
1350:7-bit DEC Cyrillic
155:control characters
140:terminal emulators
5316:
5315:
5269:Charset detection
5208:Control character
4890:Sharp calculators
4761:Casio calculators
4689:Platform specific
4541:Cyrillic + German
4536:Cyrillic + French
3954:Maltese/Esperanto
3590:Bibliographic use
3474:-4 (North Europe)
3406:T.51/ISO/IEC 6937
3364:Baudot and Murray
3279:
3278:
2582:
2581:
1340:7-bit DEC Turkish
1312:
1311:
123:computer terminal
107:
106:
5341:
5308:
5307:
4800:DG International
4675:Special Graphics
4476:Extended Latin-8
3874:Central European
3864:Barents Cyrillic
3569:Barents Cyrillic
3539:-12 (Devanagari)
3535:Abandoned parts
3306:
3299:
3292:
3283:
3269:
3268:
3259:
3258:
3249:
3248:
3043:Flip-Chip module
2936:Special Graphics
2423:
2404:
2393:(CEO, 1992–1998)
2352:
2345:
2338:
2329:
2322:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2289:
2283:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2250:
2244:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2211:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2175:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2156:
2145:
2137:
2128:
2127:
2112:
2097:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2070:. Archived from
2051:
2037:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1940:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1930:
1908:
1902:
1897:
1895:
1894:
1871:
1865:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1832:
1821:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1788:
1782:
1775:
1773:
1772:
1749:
1736:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1703:
1697:
1690:
1688:
1687:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1638:
1609:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1558:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1519:
1508:
1497:
1466:
1464:
1450:
1431:
1430:
1406:
1389:
1374:
1326:7-bit DEC Hebrew
787:French Canadian
227:
208:
172:
168:
99:
92:
85:
29:
22:
5349:
5348:
5344:
5343:
5342:
5340:
5339:
5338:
5319:
5318:
5317:
5312:
5298:
5274:Han unification
5247:
5202:
5070:
5031:
4949:
4771:Compucolor 8001
4684:
4680:Technical (TCS)
4603:French Canadian
4574:
4550:
4546:Polytonic Greek
4432:
4314:
3998:
3984:Turkic Cyrillic
3899:Font X (Kermit)
3894:Farsi (Persian)
3846:
3837:
3809:
3643:
3585:
3455:Approved parts
3442:
3315:
3310:
3280:
3275:
3237:
3102:
2998:
2945:
2905:(Multinational)
2889:
2841:
2834:
2729:
2722:
2589:
2578:
2557:
2502:
2450:
2416:
2412:
2411:Instruction set
2405:
2396:
2379:Harlan Anderson
2361:
2356:
2326:
2325:
2310:
2308:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2271:
2269:
2252:
2251:
2247:
2232:
2230:
2213:
2212:
2205:
2196:
2194:
2177:
2176:
2169:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2143:
2139:
2138:
2131:
2114:
2099:
2084:
2077:
2075:
2060:
2049:
2039:
2038:
2031:
2022:
2020:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1992:
1990:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1963:
1961:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1928:
1926:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1892:
1890:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1853:
1851:
1834:
1833:
1824:
1809:
1807:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1770:
1768:
1751:
1750:
1739:
1724:
1722:
1705:
1704:
1700:
1685:
1683:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1652:
1650:
1640:
1639:
1612:
1597:
1595:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1560:
1559:
1532:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1506:
1499:
1498:
1469:
1452:
1451:
1434:
1427:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1392:
1375:
1368:
1363:
1321:7-bit DEC Greek
1317:
956:ISO 646-IT
873:ISO 646-DE
496:Denmark/Norway
356:United Kingdom
290:ISO 646-US
277:Standard ASCII
222:
206:
170:
166:
148:
103:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5347:
5345:
5337:
5336:
5331:
5329:Character sets
5321:
5320:
5314:
5313:
5310:Character sets
5303:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
5255:
5253:
5252:Related topics
5249:
5248:
5246:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5234:
5233:
5228:
5218:
5216:Morse prosigns
5212:
5210:
5204:
5203:
5201:
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5168:
5167:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5129:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5100:
5099:
5089:
5084:
5078:
5076:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5042:
5040:
5033:
5032:
5030:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4963:
4961:
4951:
4950:
4948:
4947:
4942:
4937:
4932:
4927:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4910:TI calculators
4907:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4822:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4797:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4738:
4733:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4692:
4690:
4686:
4685:
4683:
4682:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4651:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4618:United Kingdom
4615:
4610:
4605:
4595:
4589:
4587:
4576:
4575:
4573:
4572:
4567:
4561:
4559:
4552:
4551:
4549:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4453:
4448:
4442:
4440:
4434:
4433:
4431:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4324:
4322:
4316:
4315:
4313:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4006:
4004:
4003:DOS code pages
4000:
3999:
3997:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3949:Latin (Kermit)
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3850:
3848:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3819:
3817:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3610:
3609:
3604:
3593:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3558:
3557:
3556:
3551:
3549:KOI-8 Cyrillic
3543:
3542:
3541:
3533:
3532:
3531:
3529:-16 (Romanian)
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3452:
3450:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3390:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3373:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3334:
3327:Telegraph code
3323:
3321:
3317:
3316:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3301:
3294:
3286:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3263:
3253:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3149:
3148:
3138:
3133:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3110:
3108:
3107:Related topics
3104:
3103:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3009:
3007:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2955:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2915:Code page 1288
2912:
2909:Code page 1287
2906:
2903:Code page 1100
2899:
2897:
2895:Character sets
2891:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2846:
2844:
2836:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2796:
2795:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2734:
2732:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2715:
2709:
2703:
2697:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2607:
2601:
2594:
2592:
2584:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2576:
2571:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2512:
2510:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2483:
2482:
2481:
2471:
2469:MicroVAX 78032
2466:
2460:
2458:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2435:
2431:
2429:
2420:
2407:
2406:
2399:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2388:
2382:
2376:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2362:
2357:
2355:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2332:
2324:
2323:
2303:. 1992-10-01.
2284:
2264:. 1992-10-01.
2245:
2225:. 1992-10-01.
2203:
2189:. 1987-08-01.
2167:
2146:(2 ed.).
2129:
2058:
2029:
1999:
1985:. 2012-10-23.
1970:
1935:
1921:. 1987-08-01.
1903:
1885:. 1992-10-01.
1866:
1846:. 1992-10-01.
1822:
1802:. 1992-10-01.
1783:
1763:. 1992-10-01.
1737:
1717:. 1992-10-01.
1698:
1678:. 1992-10-01.
1659:
1610:
1590:. 1992-10-01.
1571:
1564:(2 ed.).
1530:
1509:(2 ed.).
1467:
1432:
1429:. EY-F577E-DP.
1425:
1415:(1 ed.).
1400:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1386:code page 1015
1365:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1347:
1337:
1323:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1173:
1168:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1035:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
988:
983:
978:
972:
967:
962:
953:
948:
944:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
870:
861:
857:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
793:
788:
784:
783:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
750:
745:
740:
734:
729:
724:
721:
716:
712:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
648:
643:
639:
638:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
605:
599:
594:
588:
583:
578:
575:
570:
566:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
502:
497:
493:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
432:
427:
423:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
362:
357:
353:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
283:
278:
274:
273:
270:
267:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
249:
246:
243:
240:
237:
234:
231:
230:Character set
221:
218:
191:ISO/IEC 8859-1
147:
144:
105:
104:
102:
101:
94:
87:
79:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
56:
52:
51:
46:
42:
41:
38:
34:
33:
30:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5346:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5311:
5301:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5256:
5254:
5250:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5223:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5213:
5211:
5209:
5205:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5173:
5169:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5151:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5124:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5098:
5095:
5094:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5079:
5077:
5073:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5034:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4960:
4959:ISO/IEC 10646
4956:
4952:
4946:
4943:
4941:
4938:
4936:
4933:
4931:
4928:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4893:
4891:
4888:
4886:
4883:
4881:
4878:
4876:
4873:
4871:
4868:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4776:Compucolor II
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4731:Acorn RISC OS
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4693:
4691:
4687:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4660:8-bit Turkish
4658:
4656:
4653:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4581:
4577:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4553:
4547:
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4509:
4507:
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4479:
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4461:
4457:
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4409:
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4126:
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4033:
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4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4001:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
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3945:
3942:
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3937:
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3927:
3925:
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3917:
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3912:
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3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
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3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3840:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3828:ISO/IEC 10367
3826:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
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3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
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3768:
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3728:
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3713:
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3708:
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3703:
3701:
3698:
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3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
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3650:
3646:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3599:
3598:
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3592:
3588:
3580:
3577:
3575:
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3567:
3565:
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3540:
3537:
3536:
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3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3479:-5 (Cyrillic)
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3445:
3439:
3436:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3379:
3378:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3365:
3362:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3339:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3314:
3307:
3302:
3300:
3295:
3293:
3288:
3287:
3284:
3272:
3264:
3262:
3254:
3252:
3244:
3243:
3240:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3223:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
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3186:
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3181:
3179:
3176:
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3166:
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3154:
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3147:
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3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3105:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3093:System Module
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
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3021:
3019:
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3014:
3011:
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3008:
3006:
3001:
2995:
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2990:
2987:
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2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2951:Bus standards
2948:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
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2837:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
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2801:
2798:
2794:
2791:
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2786:
2784:
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2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
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2698:
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2608:
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2599:
2596:
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2570:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
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2538:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2517:
2514:
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2509:
2505:
2499:
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2489:
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2470:
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2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2436:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2414:
2413:architectures
2408:
2403:
2392:
2391:Robert Palmer
2389:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2353:
2348:
2346:
2341:
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2334:
2333:
2330:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2157:on 2016-08-10
2153:
2149:
2142:
2136:
2134:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2120:Interface Age
2117:
2110:
2106:
2105:Interface Age
2102:
2095:
2091:
2090:Interface Age
2087:
2074:on 2016-08-27
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2059:0-918398-37-1
2055:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2003:
2000:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1939:
1936:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1913:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1876:
1870:
1867:
1864:
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1779:
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1677:
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1663:
1660:
1649:
1648:
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1615:
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1608:
1606:
1604:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1575:
1572:
1568:(DEC). 1984 .
1567:
1563:
1557:
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1490:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1462:
1461:Digital Press
1458:
1457:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1428:
1426:1-55558-063-7
1422:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1405:
1402:
1395:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1373:
1371:
1367:
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1351:
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1230:
1227:
1225:
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1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
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1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
960:
957:
954:
952:
949:
946:
945:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
881:
877:
874:
871:
869:
865:
862:
859:
858:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
794:
792:
789:
786:
785:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
722:
720:
717:
714:
713:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
649:
647:
644:
641:
640:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
600:
598:
595:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
576:
574:
571:
568:
567:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
503:
501:
498:
495:
494:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
433:
431:
428:
425:
424:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
363:
361:
358:
355:
354:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
287:
284:
282:
279:
276:
275:
271:
268:
265:
262:
259:
256:
253:
250:
247:
244:
241:
238:
235:
232:
229:
228:
225:
219:
217:
215:
210:
204:
198:
196:
192:
187:
182:
180:
176:
162:
160:
157:, leaving 96
156:
152:
145:
143:
141:
137:
132:
131:character set
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
100:
95:
93:
88:
86:
81:
80:
77:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57:
53:
50:
47:
43:
39:
35:
28:
23:
5226:ISO/IEC 6429
5183:Stanford/ITS
5170:
5104:ARIB STD-B24
4885:Sega SC-3000
4794:
4786:DEC RADIX 50
4597:
3823:ISO/IEC 8859
3815:ISO/IEC 2022
3560:Adaptations
3519:-14 (Celtic)
3514:-13 (Baltic)
3504:-10 (Nordic)
3499:-9 (Turkish)
3448:ISO/IEC 8859
3220:
3128:
3088:Star coupler
2984:TURBOchannel
2925:
2830:Digital UNIX
2381:(co-founder)
2309:. Retrieved
2296:
2287:
2270:. Retrieved
2257:
2248:
2231:. Retrieved
2218:
2195:. Retrieved
2182:
2159:. Retrieved
2152:the original
2123:
2119:
2108:
2104:
2093:
2089:
2076:. Retrieved
2072:the original
2045:
2021:. Retrieved
2012:
2002:
1991:. Retrieved
1982:
1973:
1962:. Retrieved
1947:
1938:
1927:. Retrieved
1914:
1906:
1891:. Retrieved
1878:
1869:
1852:. Retrieved
1839:
1808:. Retrieved
1795:
1786:
1769:. Retrieved
1756:
1723:. Retrieved
1710:
1701:
1684:. Retrieved
1671:
1662:
1651:. Retrieved
1646:
1596:. Retrieved
1583:
1574:
1522:. Retrieved
1502:
1455:
1411:
1404:
223:
211:
199:
195:Windows-1252
183:
163:
149:
127:VT200 series
114:
110:
108:
55:Succeeded by
4945:ZX Spectrum
4900:Sinclair QL
4736:Amstrad CPC
4655:8-bit Greek
4582:terminals (
4295:Iran System
3847:("scripts")
3494:-8 (Hebrew)
3484:-6 (Arabic)
3381:ISO/IEC 646
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