376:
220:
1452:
860:
776:
108:
91:
74:
520:
1044:
is similar to the minor pentatonic scale and fits the above definition. However, the flat fifth is present as a passing tone along with the perfect fifth, and the scale is often played with microtonal mixing of the major and minor thirds – thus making it harder to classify as a "major" or "minor"
468:
303:) this notation thus represents notes by how they deviate from the notes in the major scale. Because of this, we say that a number without a flat represents a major (or perfect) interval, while a number with a flat represents a minor interval. In this example, the numbers mean:
907:
Composers have not been consistent in using the two forms of the melodic minor scale. Composers frequently require the lowered 7th degree found in the natural minor in order to avoid the augmented triad (III) that arises in the ascending form of the scale.
412:
1104:
to each other. For instance, F major is the relative major of D minor since both have key signatures with one flat. Since the natural minor scale is built on the 6th degree of the major scale, the tonic of the relative minor is a
731:
of these solutions. In particular, the raised sixth appears in the ascending form of the scale, while the lowered seventh appears in the descending form of the scale. Traditionally, these two forms are referred to as:
1109:
above the tonic of the major scale. For instance, B minor is the relative minor of D major because the note B is a major sixth above D. As a result, the key signatures of B minor and D major both have two sharps
297:
This notation is based on the major scale, and represents each degree (each note in the scale) by a number, starting with the tonic (the first, lowest note of the scale). By making use of flat symbols (
1085:
minor scale, not on those of the harmonic or melodic minor scales. For example, a piece in E minor will have one sharp in its key signature because the E natural minor scale has one sharp (F
634:
is similar to the harmonic minor scale but with a raised 4th degree. This scale is sometimes also referred to as "Gypsy Run", or alternatively "Egyptian Minor Scale", as mentioned by
708:
between its sixth and seventh scale degrees. While some composers have used this interval to advantage in melodic composition, others felt it to be an awkward leap, particularly in
1054:
are both "minor scales" following the above definition, but were historically referred to as the "Neapolitan Major" or "Neapolitan Minor" based rather on the quality of their
1031:
While any other scale containing a minor triad could be defined as a "minor scale", the terminology is less commonly used for some scales, especially those further
627:. A ring of twelve is sometimes augmented with a 5♯ and 6♠to make a 10 note harmonic minor scale from bell 2 to bell 11 (for example, Worcester Cathedral).
1421:
601:
While it evolved primarily as a basis for chords, the harmonic minor with its augmented second is sometimes used melodically. Instances can be found in
371:
Thus, for instance, the A natural minor scale can be built by lowering the third, sixth, and seventh degrees of the A major scale by one semitone:
716:
between these scale degrees for smooth melody writing. To eliminate the augmented second, these composers either raised the sixth degree by a
1361:
1336:
623:). In this role, it is used while descending far more often than while ascending. A familiar example of the descending scale is heard in a
1998:
924:
1389:
1376:
1312:
1263:
1224:
1178:
610:
1872:
1859:
2227:
849:
The intervals between the notes of a descending melodic minor scale are the same as those of a descending natural minor scale.
471:
1414:
251:. Every major key has a relative minor, which starts on the 6th scale degree or step. For instance, since the 6th degree of
863:
779:
523:
379:
223:
111:
94:
77:
619:
557:
A harmonic minor scale can be built by lowering the 3rd and 6th degrees of the parallel major scale by one semitone.
1451:
2658:
1407:
489:
2477:
942:
2424:
2193:
2390:
2516:
2452:
2132:
1993:
215:. For instance, the A natural minor scale can be built by starting on the 6th degree of the C major scale:
2668:
2511:
2473:
2463:
2157:
1131:
891:
1826:
The table indicates the number of sharps or flats in each scale. Minor scales are written in lower case.
2663:
2557:
2552:
2544:
2483:
2137:
2122:
2117:
2048:
1943:
997:
631:
161:
833:
Using these notations, the two melodic minor scales can be built by altering the parallel major scale.
507:
7 scale) has the same notes as the natural minor scale except that the seventh degree is raised by one
474:
2152:
2069:
1973:
1968:
1852:
455:
62:
2458:
2562:
2386:
2220:
2055:
1988:
882:
1279:
2062:
2003:
1078:
866:
782:
666:
526:
382:
268:
226:
114:
97:
80:
1255:
1249:
841:
The intervals between the notes of an ascending melodic minor scale follow the sequence below:
2299:
2081:
1372:
1357:
1332:
1308:
1259:
1220:
1174:
678:
662:
1394:
2618:
2606:
2600:
2448:
2440:
2359:
2354:
2344:
2142:
2023:
1983:
1948:
1897:
1136:
1050:
1019:
1010:
1002:
989:
741:
705:
694:
674:
670:
658:
585:
512:
443:
420:
172:
157:
2636:
2630:
2624:
2612:
2582:
2411:
2334:
2309:
2304:
2294:
2276:
2018:
2008:
1953:
1933:
1907:
1845:
1775:
485:
38:
1236:
665:". The scale also had a notable influence on heavy metal, spawning a sub-genre known as
560:
Because of this construction, the 7th degree of the harmonic minor scale functions as a
2594:
2534:
2526:
2506:
2498:
2468:
2374:
2253:
2244:
2213:
2039:
2013:
1963:
1938:
1902:
1430:
1193:
961:
757:
654:
646:
365:
331:
209:
205:
201:
2652:
2588:
2488:
2420:
2401:
2364:
2266:
2147:
2127:
1958:
1868:
1800:
1763:
1753:
1718:
1708:
1673:
1633:
1598:
1474:
1433:
1166:
1095:
1070:
1032:
976:
916:
890:(one flat). By convention, in modern notation (and for tonal music written since the
624:
565:
359:
337:
149:
49:
638:
who describes it in his autobiography as "something that I'd learned at
Juilliard".
2430:
2416:
2349:
2339:
2236:
1790:
1780:
1743:
1733:
1698:
1688:
1658:
1648:
1613:
1578:
1548:
1469:
1100:
981:
965:
899:
682:
561:
432:
394:
314:
242:
197:
129:
57:
41:
167:
Minor scale is also used to refer to other scales with this property, such as the
771:
The ascending and descending forms of the A melodic minor scale are shown below:
2406:
2396:
2382:
2329:
2286:
2271:
2261:
2188:
2183:
2173:
2112:
1928:
1923:
1887:
1481:
1437:
1212:
1146:
1106:
1055:
1040:
970:
954:
938:
895:
887:
709:
650:
635:
348:
325:
212:
168:
145:
141:
137:
133:
125:
31:
271:. In this way, a natural minor scale is represented by the following notation:
2178:
1978:
1141:
1014:
is a name for the melodic minor scale when only the "ascending form" is used.
920:
912:
713:
393:
Because they share the same tonic note of A, the key of A minor is called the
267:
A natural minor scale can also be constructed by altering a major scale with
17:
1074:
606:
415:
This pattern of whole and half steps characterizes the natural minor scales.
1399:
411:
717:
614:
508:
436:
1837:
2103:
1810:
1668:
1628:
1623:
1593:
1588:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1507:
1502:
953:
Other scales with a minor third and a perfect fifth (i.e. containing a
934:
877:
588:
between the notes of a harmonic minor scale follow the sequence below:
537:
Thus, a harmonic minor scale is represented by the following notation:
400:
256:
252:
248:
238:
153:
423:
between the notes of a natural minor scale follow the sequence below:
642:
602:
308:
886:(1711) Although the piece is in G minor, the key signature is for G
876:
Theme in G melodic minor from the opening of the second concerto in
2094:
704:
The distinctive sound of the harmonic minor scale comes from the
927:", which makes, "a nod to the common practice... by the use of F
2209:
1841:
1403:
992:), and is therefore not commonly referred to as a minor scale.
1017:
Non-heptatonic scales may also be called "minor", such as the
641:
In popular music, examples of songs in harmonic minor include
435:(a red u-shaped curve in the figure), and "half" stands for a
1331:, seventh edition (Boston: McGraw Hill), vol. I, p. 37.
1450:
865:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
781:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
525:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
473:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
381:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
225:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
113:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
96:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
79:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
30:
Not to be confused with the simulated nuclear detonation
1390:
Listen to and download harmonised minor scale piano MP3s
894:), key signatures are typically only based on a major (
756:
7): this form of the scale is also the 5th mode of the
592:
whole, half, whole, whole, half, augmented second, half
576:
lower than the tonic as it is in natural minor scales.
1280:"Neo-Classical Metal Music Genre Overview | AllMusic"
767:: this form is identical to the natural minor scale .
1371:, revised edition. New York: Masaya Music Services.
1219:, p. 13. Third edition. Holt, Rinhart, and Winston.
793:
The ascending melodic minor scale can be notated as
2575:
2543:
2525:
2497:
2439:
2373:
2322:
2285:
2252:
2243:
2202:
2166:
2032:
1916:
1880:
1173:(5th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 12.
1395:Natural Minor Scales explained on a virtual piano
980:also fall under this definition. Conversely, the
957:) are also commonly referred to as minor scales.
1305:What to Listen for in Rock: A Stylistic Analysis
1327:Bruce Benward and Marilyn Nadine Saker (2003),
2221:
1853:
1415:
845:whole, half, whole, whole, whole, whole, half
427:whole, half, whole, whole, half, whole, whole
8:
945:" also partly uses the melodic minor scale.
807:while the descending melodic minor scale is
484:Theme in harmonic minor from the opening of
1142:Jazz scale#Modes of the melodic minor scale
617:(for example, in the first movement of the
2249:
2228:
2214:
2206:
1860:
1846:
1838:
1422:
1408:
1400:
124:These scales contain all three notes of a
1094:Major and minor keys that share the same
902:) key, not on modes like the Dorian mode.
1460:
1446:
1369:The Complete Thesaurus of Musical Scales
968:(which is the natural minor scale), the
911:Examples of the use of melodic minor in
410:
1208:
1206:
1158:
1033:outside the western classical tradition
515:between the sixth and seventh degrees.
255:is D, the relative minor of F major is
204:that is built by starting on the sixth
176:
27:Triad of scale patterns in music theory
720:or lowered the seventh by a semitone.
1473:
1468:
1463:
1307:. Yale University Press. p. 41.
1248:Davis, Miles; Troupe, Quincy (1990).
1005:(7-note) scale referred to as minor.
933:as the penultimate note of the final
7:
572:lower than the tonic, rather than a
439:(a red angled line in the figure).
925:Sorry Seems to Be the Hardest Word
25:
1254:. Simon & Schuster. pp.
962:diatonic modes of the major scale
1198:Harmony: Its Theory and Practice
609:(for example, the finale of his
1464:
1200:, pp. 15, 74, London, Augener.
765:descending melodic minor scale
263:Relationship to parallel major
188:Relationship to relative major
1:
1329:Music: In Theory and Practice
898:) or minor (natural minor or
738:ascending melodic minor scale
685:employing it in their music.
862:
778:
620:Death and the Maiden Quartet
522:
470:
378:
237:Because of this, the key of
222:
110:
93:
76:
1354:Musical Scales of the World
442:The natural minor scale is
431:where "whole" stands for a
70:(ascending or descending).
2685:
1999:Ptolemy's intense diatonic
1077:is typically based on the
744:(also known as the Ionian
692:
669:, with guitarists such as
453:
29:
1825:
1774:
1729:
1684:
1644:
1609:
1574:
1544:
1519:
1498:
1493:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1444:
1367:Yamaguchi, Masaya. 2006.
1169:; Payne, Dorothy (2004).
988:fifth (thus containing a
984:has a minor third, but a
2478:descending melodic major
2425:descending melodic minor
1303:Stephenson, Ken (2002).
1251:Miles, the Autobiography
1069:In modern notation, the
2453:ascending melodic minor
2391:ascending melodic major
1352:Hewitt, Michael. 2013.
1038:The hexatonic (6-note)
867:download the audio file
783:download the audio file
527:download the audio file
475:download the audio file
383:download the audio file
227:download the audio file
115:download the audio file
98:download the audio file
81:download the audio file
2464:Lydian augmented (III)
2237:Modes in Western music
1456:
1132:Diatonic functionality
1020:minor pentatonic scale
892:common-practice period
416:
173:minor pentatonic scale
2545:Double harmonic scale
2517:Phrygian dominant (V)
2512:Ukrainian Dorian (IV)
1454:
1027:Limits of terminology
998:Hungarian minor scale
964:, in addition to the
693:Further information:
632:Hungarian minor scale
611:String Quartet No. 14
414:
162:half diminished scale
2558:Hungarian minor (IV)
2484:Half diminished (VI)
2474:Aeolian dominant (V)
2070:17 equal temperament
499:harmonic minor scale
456:Harmonic minor scale
450:Harmonic minor scale
63:harmonic minor scale
2553:Double harmonic (I)
727:is formed by using
725:melodic minor scale
689:Melodic minor scale
194:natural minor scale
183:Natural minor scale
68:melodic minor scale
54:natural minor scale
2535:Harmonic major (I)
2507:Harmonic minor (I)
2004:Scale of harmonics
1457:
949:Other minor scales
712:, and preferred a
667:neoclassical metal
417:
177:other minor scales
2659:Heptatonic scales
2646:
2645:
2571:
2570:
2318:
2317:
2107:
2098:
2084:
2082:Escala nordestina
2072:
2065:
2058:
2051:
1994:Phrygian dominant
1835:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1821:
1820:
1362:978-0-9575470-0-1
1356:. The Note Tree.
1337:978-0-07-294262-0
1051:Neapolitan scales
871:
787:
679:Ritchie Blackmore
663:Bust Your Windows
531:
479:
387:
231:
152:(rather than the
136:(rather than the
119:
102:
85:
39:western classical
16:(Redirected from
2676:
2250:
2230:
2223:
2216:
2207:
2158:Ukrainian Dorian
2101:
2092:
2080:
2068:
2061:
2054:
2047:
1934:Diminished scale
1862:
1855:
1848:
1839:
1816:
1815:
1806:
1805:
1796:
1795:
1786:
1785:
1769:
1768:
1759:
1758:
1749:
1748:
1739:
1738:
1724:
1723:
1714:
1713:
1704:
1703:
1694:
1693:
1679:
1678:
1664:
1663:
1654:
1653:
1639:
1638:
1619:
1618:
1604:
1603:
1584:
1583:
1554:
1553:
1466:
1461:
1455:Circle of fifths
1447:
1424:
1417:
1410:
1401:
1340:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1245:
1239:
1234:
1228:
1210:
1201:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1163:
1137:Jazz minor scale
1121:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1090:
1089:
1011:Jazz minor scale
990:diminished triad
932:
931:
883:L'estro armonico
828:
827:
822:
821:
816:
815:
803:3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
802:
801:
755:
754:
749:
748:
742:jazz minor scale
706:augmented second
695:Jazz minor scale
675:Yngwie Malmsteen
671:Chuck Schuldiner
659:Jazmine Sullivan
568:because it is a
552:
551:
546:
545:
513:augmented second
506:
505:
366:(perfect) octave
357:
356:
346:
345:
323:
322:
309:(perfect) unison
302:
301:
292:
291:
286:
285:
280:
279:
158:diminished scale
154:diminished fifth
48:refers to three
21:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2673:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2576:Number of tones
2567:
2539:
2521:
2493:
2435:
2369:
2314:
2281:
2239:
2234:
2198:
2162:
2123:Hungarian minor
2118:Hungarian major
2049:Double harmonic
2028:
2019:Synthetic scale
1944:Double harmonic
1912:
1876:
1866:
1836:
1831:
1813:
1812:
1803:
1802:
1793:
1792:
1783:
1782:
1766:
1765:
1756:
1755:
1746:
1745:
1736:
1735:
1721:
1720:
1711:
1710:
1701:
1700:
1691:
1690:
1676:
1675:
1661:
1660:
1651:
1650:
1636:
1635:
1616:
1615:
1601:
1600:
1581:
1580:
1551:
1550:
1440:
1428:
1386:
1349:
1347:Further reading
1344:
1343:
1326:
1322:
1315:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1288:
1286:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1266:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1235:
1231:
1211:
1204:
1194:Prout, Ebenezer
1192:
1188:
1181:
1165:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1128:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1111:
1087:
1086:
1073:for music in a
1067:
1029:
951:
929:
928:
905:
904:
903:
874:
873:
872:
870:
855:
839:
825:
824:
819:
818:
813:
812:
799:
798:
789:
788:
786:
752:
751:
746:
745:
702:
697:
691:
599:
582:
549:
548:
543:
542:
533:
532:
530:
503:
502:
495:
494:
493:
482:
481:
480:
478:
463:
458:
452:
409:
389:
388:
386:
354:
353:
343:
342:
320:
319:
299:
298:
289:
288:
283:
282:
277:
276:
265:
233:
232:
230:
190:
185:
122:
121:
120:
118:
105:
104:
103:
101:
88:
87:
86:
84:
52:patterns – the
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2682:
2680:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2651:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2634:
2628:
2622:
2616:
2610:
2604:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2549:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2531:
2529:
2527:Harmonic major
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2503:
2501:
2499:Harmonic minor
2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2459:Dorian â™2 (II)
2456:
2449:Jazz minor (I)
2445:
2443:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2428:
2414:
2412:Mixolydian (V)
2409:
2404:
2402:Phrygian (III)
2399:
2394:
2379:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2310:Hypomixolydian
2307:
2302:
2297:
2291:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2258:
2256:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2225:
2218:
2210:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2155:
2153:Romanian major
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2099:
2087:
2086:
2085:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2052:
2042:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2014:Synthetic mode
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1974:Harmonic minor
1971:
1969:Harmonic major
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1939:Distance model
1936:
1931:
1926:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1910:
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1869:Musical scales
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758:acoustic scale
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655:My Prerogative
647:Easy Please Me
598:
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490:First Symphony
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454:Main article:
451:
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444:maximally even
429:
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396:parallel minor
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2033:Ethnic origin
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2020:
2017:
2015:
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1989:Major Locrian
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1217:Tonal Harmony
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1180:0-07-285260-7
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1097:
1096:key signature
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1071:key signature
1065:Key signature
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977:Phrygian mode
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360:minor seventh
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19:
18:Natural minor
2664:Minor scales
2563:Oriental (V)
2417:Aeolian (VI)
2300:Hypophrygian
2102:
2093:
2063:Quarter tone
1892:
1881:Main Western
1486:
1368:
1353:
1328:
1323:
1304:
1298:
1287:. Retrieved
1283:
1274:
1250:
1243:
1232:
1216:
1213:Forte, Allen
1197:
1189:
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1099:
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1016:
1009:
1007:
996:
994:
985:
982:Locrian mode
975:
969:
966:Aeolian mode
959:
952:
910:
906:
900:Aeolian mode
881:
848:
840:
832:
806:
792:
770:
764:
750:3 or Dorian
737:
728:
724:
722:
703:
700:Construction
683:Randy Rhoads
640:
629:
618:
600:
583:
573:
569:
562:leading tone
559:
556:
536:
501:(or Aeolian
498:
496:
461:Construction
441:
430:
418:
395:
392:
370:
315:major second
296:
266:
243:
236:
198:Aeolian mode
193:
191:
166:
123:
67:
61:
58:Aeolian mode
53:
45:
42:music theory
36:
2407:Lydian (IV)
2397:Dorian (II)
2355:Hypolocrian
2345:Hypoaeolian
1917:Other types
1147:Major scale
1107:major sixth
1079:accidentals
1041:blues scale
1001:is another
971:Dorian mode
960:Within the
955:minor triad
939:The Beatles
896:Ionian mode
710:vocal music
651:Bobby Brown
636:Miles Davis
349:minor sixth
326:minor third
269:accidentals
213:major scale
169:Dorian mode
146:major scale
142:major triad
138:major third
134:minor third
126:minor triad
46:minor scale
32:Minor Scale
2653:Categories
2619:Heptatonic
2607:Pentatonic
2601:Tetratonic
2441:Jazz minor
2383:Ionian (I)
2360:Pentatonic
2335:Hypoionian
2305:Hypolydian
2295:Hypodorian
2277:Mixolydian
2167:Non-octave
2143:Neapolitan
2024:Whole tone
1984:Jazz minor
1949:Enharmonic
1898:Pentatonic
1289:2018-11-26
1153:References
1003:heptatonic
986:diminished
921:Elton John
714:whole step
574:whole tone
433:whole tone
156:, as in a
140:, as in a
66:, and the
2637:Chromatic
2631:Decatonic
2625:Octatonic
2613:Hexatonic
2583:Monotonic
2254:Authentic
2245:Gregorian
2009:Symmetric
1954:Enigmatic
1908:Chromatic
1075:minor key
943:Yesterday
837:Intervals
823:6, 5, 4,
607:Beethoven
586:intervals
580:Intervals
547:3, 4, 5,
421:intervals
407:Intervals
281:3, 4, 5,
148:), and a
2595:Tritonic
2375:Diatonic
2267:Phrygian
2133:Japanese
2089:Gamelan
2040:Algerian
1964:Harmonic
1903:Diatonic
1814:♯
1804:♯
1794:♭
1784:♭
1767:♯
1757:♯
1747:♭
1737:♭
1722:♯
1712:♯
1702:♭
1692:♭
1677:♯
1662:♭
1652:♭
1637:♯
1617:♭
1602:♯
1582:♭
1552:♭
1431:Diatonic
1284:AllMusic
1215:(1979).
1196:(1889).
1126:See also
1119:♯
1113:♯
1101:relative
1088:♯
1048:The two
974:and the
930:♯
919:include
826:♭
820:♭
814:♭
800:♭
753:♯
747:♭
718:semitone
615:Schubert
570:semitone
550:♭
544:♭
509:semitone
504:♯
486:Schumann
437:semitone
355:♭
344:♭
321:♭
300:♭
290:♭
284:♭
278:♭
210:relative
179:below).
2589:Ditonic
2350:Locrian
2340:Aeolian
2148:Persian
2128:Istrian
2104:Slendro
2077:Brazil
2044:Arabic
1083:natural
1081:of the
1045:scale.
935:cadence
878:Vivaldi
829:3, 2, 1
657:", and
613:), and
564:to the
553:6, 7, 8
401:A major
257:D minor
253:F major
249:C major
239:A minor
208:of its
200:) is a
171:or the
60:), the
2330:Ionian
2287:Plagal
2272:Lydian
2262:Dorian
1494:minor
1491:Major
1475:Sharps
1434:scales
1375:
1360:
1335:
1311:
1262:
1223:
1177:
1059:degree
888:Dorian
797:1, 2,
681:, and
643:Katy B
603:Mozart
541:1, 2,
492:(1841)
275:1, 2,
206:degree
128:: the
44:, the
2323:Other
2203:Modes
2189:Delta
2184:Gamma
2174:Alpha
2113:Gypsy
2095:Pelog
1929:Blues
1924:Bebop
1893:Minor
1888:Major
1487:minor
1482:Major
1470:Flats
1116:and C
1057:sixth
566:tonic
175:(see
50:scale
2639:(12)
2633:(10)
2423:and
2389:and
2179:Beta
1979:Jazz
1873:list
1438:keys
1436:and
1373:ISBN
1358:ISBN
1333:ISBN
1309:ISBN
1260:ISBN
1221:ISBN
1175:ISBN
1098:are
1008:The
995:The
923:'s "
915:and
913:rock
853:Uses
763:the
736:the
729:both
723:The
661:'s "
653:'s "
645:'s "
630:The
597:Uses
584:The
497:The
419:The
364:8 =
358:7 =
347:6 =
336:5 =
330:4 =
324:3 =
313:2 =
307:1 =
293:7, 8
196:(or
132:, a
130:root
56:(or
2627:(8)
2621:(7)
2615:(6)
2609:(5)
2603:(4)
2597:(3)
2591:(2)
2585:(1)
1465:No.
1122:).
1091:).
941:' "
937:."
880:'s
817:7,
811:8,
740:or
649:",
488:'s
399:of
287:6,
247:of
164:).
160:or
144:or
37:In
2655::
1730:7
1685:6
1645:5
1610:4
1575:3
1545:2
1520:1
1515:a
1499:0
1282:.
1258:.
1256:64
1205:^
1110:(F
1061:.
1035:.
1023:.
677:,
673:,
605:,
446:.
403:.
259:.
192:A
2480:)
2476:(
2455:)
2451:(
2427:)
2419:(
2393:)
2385:(
2229:e
2222:t
2215:v
1875:)
1871:(
1861:e
1854:t
1847:v
1811:e
1801:G
1791:d
1781:F
1776:8
1764:a
1754:C
1744:a
1734:C
1719:d
1709:F
1699:e
1689:G
1674:g
1669:B
1659:b
1649:D
1634:c
1629:E
1624:f
1614:A
1599:f
1594:A
1589:c
1579:E
1569:b
1564:D
1559:g
1549:B
1539:e
1534:G
1529:d
1524:F
1512:C
1508:a
1503:C
1423:e
1416:t
1409:v
1379:.
1364:.
1339:.
1317:.
1292:.
1268:.
1227:.
1183:.
869:.
785:.
760:.
529:.
477:.
385:.
229:.
117:.
100:.
83:.
34:.
20:)
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