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open-water gaps between the islands of
Wallacea, and therefore, the arrival of humans into Sahul, necessitated over-water transport. This was also the case of the expansion of humans beyond New Guinea into the archipelagoes of Near Oceania. Herein lies one of the most exciting and intriguing aspects of Pacific prehistory: that we are likely dealing with the earliest purposive voyaging in human history.
25:
411:« Although based on a superficial understanding of the Pacific islanders, Dumont dâUrville's tripartite classification stuck. Indeed, these categories â Polynesians, Micronesians, Melanesians â became so deeply entrenched in Western anthropological thought that it is difficult even now to break out the mould in which they entrap us (
256:
It seems that human colonization of this region was most likely effected during the interval between 60,000 and 40,000 years ago, although some researchers would push the possible dates earlier. But the key point is that even when the oceans were at their lowest levels, there were always significant
132:
is the part of
Oceania that features greater biodiversity, due to the islands and atolls being closer to each other. The distinction of Near and Remote Oceania was first suggested by Pawley & Green (1973) and was further elaborated on in Green (1991). The distinction is based on geology, flora
415:, 1989). Such labels provide handy geographical referents, yet they mislead us greatly if we take them to be meaningful segments of cultural history. Only Polynesia has stood the tests of time and increased knowledge, as a category with historical si- gnificance »,
330:; Near Oceania cuts right across the old category of Melanesia, which has shown to be not a useful category in respect to the geography, culture, language and human history of the region. The old categories have been in use since they were proposed by French explorer
392:
Green, Roger. 1991. Near and Remote
Oceania: Disestablishing "Melanesia" in Culture History. In A Pawley (ed.), Man and a Half: Essays in Pacific Anthropology and Ethnobotany in honour of Ralph Bulmer, 491â502. The Polynesian
334:
in the mid-19th century. Though the push of some people in academia has been to replace the categories with Green's terms since the early 1990s, the old categories are still used in science, popular culture and general usage.
274:
beyond the range of one-way intervisibilty. Voyaging to Manus involved a blind crossing of some 60â90 km in a 200â300 km voyage, when no land would have been visible whether coming from the north coast of Sahul or
621:
527:
176:
Wallace speculated that the key to understanding these differences would lie in "now-submerged lands, uniting islands to continents" (1895). We now know that at several intervals during the
2915:
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and Andrew Pawley in 1973. By their definition, Near
Oceania consists of New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands, with the exception of
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region and
Southeast Asia. The boundary between the Asian and Australian faunal regions consists of a zone of smaller islands bearing the name of
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and the
Solomons) were likewise never connected to Sahul by dry land, for deep-water trenches also separate these from the Australian
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133:
and fauna. Near
Oceania was also settled by humans at an earlier time than Remote Oceania was. Near Oceania includes the island of
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46:
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42:
383:
Pawley, Andrew & Roger Green. 1973. Dating the
Dispersal of the Oceanic Languages. Oceanic Linguistics 12(1/2). 1â67.
61:
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364:
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75:
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2005:
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695:
690:
349:
1429:
189:
57:
3634:
3516:
3190:
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2385:
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1850:
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354:
207:
194:
162:
154:
2831:
2010:
421:
On the Road of the Winds : an
Archeological History of the Pacific Islands before European Contact
121:
287:
who led this crew will never been known. The target arcs for Manus are 15° from New
Hanover, 17° from
3610:
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1950:
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1244:
1208:
727:
707:
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2405:
1567:
934:
670:
604:
501:
469:
315:
311:
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2898:
2880:
2821:
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2375:
2305:
2201:
2161:
2156:
2139:
2109:
1945:
1775:
1719:
1713:
1562:
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1361:
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270:â may represent a real threshold in voyaging ability as it is the only island settled in the
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was also exposed as dry land, greatly extending the Southeast Asian mainland to include the
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1301:
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914:
909:
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180:, the sea surface was 130 metres below the current sea level. At these times New Guinea,
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3317:
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3006:
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2015:
1960:
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1100:
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359:
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283:. These would have been tense hours or days on board that first voyage and the name of
234:) always remained an island world, imposing a barrier to the dispersal of terrestrial
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24:
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1313:
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1110:
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3343:
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1845:
1840:
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1193:
1150:
1115:
1080:
1028:
402:
Green & Pawley, 1973, "Dating the Dispersal of the Oceanic Languages"
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181:
166:
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1955:
1860:
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245:
To the north and east of New Guinea, the islands of Near Oceania (the
161:, drawing attention to fundamental biological differences between the
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192:. Biogeographers call this enlarged Greater Australian continent
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18:
318:. They are designed to dispel the outdated categories of
145:. Sometimes Australia is also included in Near Oceania.
423:, Berkeley, University of California Press, 2000: 5.
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2180:
1981:
1938:
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1332:
1217:
1186:
1019:
830:
798:
741:
669:
644:
603:
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477:
468:
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
310:and Near Oceania were proposed by anthropologists
169:, in honor of the co-discoverer of the theory of
214:. However, the islands of Wallacea (primarily
188:, and some smaller islands were joined to the
980:
445:
8:
3578:
3522:Ancient Shipwreck Museum at Kyrenia Castle
3469:International Congress of Maritime Museums
3449:Advisory Council on Underwater Archaeology
2755:
2748:
2737:
2670:
2539:
2246:
1935:
1922:
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1016:
1003:
987:
973:
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609:
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3537:National Museum of Subaquatic Archaeology
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
153:The great nineteenth-century naturalist
120:
3507:Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology
376:
125:Map displaying Near and Remote Oceania.
3459:European Association of Archaeologists
2715:Pompey's campaign against the pirates
7:
622:Countries by Human Development Index
47:adding citations to reliable sources
16:Islands of Oceania near to Australia
3454:Archaeological Institute of America
751:Oceania National Olympic Committees
14:
3464:Institute of Nautical Archaeology
2854:Coastal defence and fortification
2229:Roman circumnavigation of Britain
1529:Navigation, and ports and harbors
3698:
3564:
3489:Society for American Archaeology
2723:
2656:
2525:
1908:
1510:
23:
2921:Phoenician discovery of America
34:needs additional citations for
2613:Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
1:
3532:Museum of Ancient Ships, Pisa
2207:Phoenician maritime expansion
202:. West of Wallacea, the vast
3474:Nautical Archaeology Society
818:Countries by life expectancy
3527:Museum of Ancient Seafaring
2904:Temple of Poseidon, Sounion
2710:Kidnapping of Julius Caesar
2567:IndusâMesopotamia relations
141:(excluding Temotu) and the
3745:
3383:Phoenician Ship Expedition
2224:Pytheas' voyage to Britain
2217:Circumnavigation of Africa
632:Stock exchanges federation
297:, Oxford: Blackwell, 1997)
3696:
3588:
3577:
3562:
2909:Samothrace temple complex
2747:
2736:
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2523:
2429:
1934:
1921:
1906:
1534:
1523:
1508:
1015:
1002:
928:
761:Australian rules football
678:
651:
612:
564:
528:Countries and territories
523:
2197:Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul
365:Remote Oceanic languages
291:and 28° from New Guinea.
3479:RPM Nautical Foundation
3216:Surviving ancient ships
3135:Marsala Punic shipwreck
808:Countries by population
345:East Melanesian Islands
279:at the northern end of
3729:Geography of Melanesia
3512:Giza Solar boat museum
2966:Underwater exploration
2961:Underwater archaeology
2926:Pre-Columbian theories
2781:John Sinclair Morrison
2742:Research and education
2192:Austronesian Expansion
350:Micronesian navigation
332:Jules Dumont d'Urville
295:The Island Melanesians
126:
3583:Legend and literature
3541:Viking ship museums:
3517:Grand Egyptian Museum
3277:Austronesian replicas
3252:Heyerdahl expeditions
3162:Caligula's Giant Ship
3022:Dover Bronze Age Boat
1684:Berenice Troglodytica
355:Polynesian navigation
208:Greater Sunda Islands
155:Alfred Russel Wallace
124:
3484:Sea Research Society
2886:Maritime archaeology
2695:Ameinias the Phocian
2690:Mediterranean piracy
733:World Heritage Sites
417:Patrick Vinton Kirch
285:Pleistocene Columbus
247:Bismarck Archipelago
232:Lesser Sunda Islands
163:Australia-New Guinea
143:Bismarck Archipelago
43:improve this article
2577:Maritime Jade Route
1730:Kaveri Poompattinam
569:Heads of government
302:History of the term
198:(Ballard, 1993) or
190:Australian mainland
3724:Regions of Oceania
3125:Bajo de la Campana
2827:Peter Throckmorton
2812:Jean-Yves Empereur
2786:William L. Rodgers
2607:Maritime Silk Road
316:Santa Cruz Islands
293:(Matthew Spriggs,
262:The settlement of
238:, including early
127:
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3710:
3707:
3706:
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3572:
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3559:
3180:Madrague de Giens
2899:Temple of Isthmia
2895:Maritime temples
2881:Marine navigation
2840:
2839:
2832:Shelley Wachsmann
2822:J. Richard Steffy
2732:
2731:
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2664:
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2202:Ocean exploration
1917:
1916:
1904:
1903:
1563:Rutter (nautical)
1519:
1518:
1506:
1505:
1362:Mortise and tenon
996:Ancient seafaring
962:
961:
826:
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813:Countries by area
794:
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268:Admiralty Islands
251:continental shelf
171:natural selection
119:
118:
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93:
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3701:
3596:Ark of bulrushes
3579:
3568:
3567:
3206:Oldest surviving
2916:Nusantao network
2791:Chester G. Starr
2756:
2749:
2738:
2727:
2726:
2700:Cilician pirates
2671:
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2597:Sa Huynh-Kalanay
2592:Iron Age Britain
2540:
2529:
2528:
2247:
1936:
1923:
1912:
1911:
1826:Ptolemais Theron
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1514:
1513:
1106:Single-outrigger
1017:
1004:
989:
982:
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627:Renewable energy
617:Countries by GDP
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562:
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497:Military history
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3441:
3440:Institutes and
3435:
3390:Viking replicas
3331:Balangay Voyage
3244:
3238:
3222:
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2238:
2183:
2176:
1977:
1930:
1913:
1909:
1900:
1776:Mueang Phra Rot
1630:
1621:
1530:
1515:
1511:
1502:
1456:
1430:Triangular sail
1391:
1328:
1302:Sail components
1213:
1182:
1156:Tessarakonteres
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998:
993:
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822:
790:
737:
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636:
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579:Pan-Oceanianism
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428:
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139:Solomon Islands
115:
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28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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3365:Mediterranean
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3318:Alingano Maisu
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3167:De Meern ships
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3037:Cape Gelidonya
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2800:Archaeologists
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2766:David Blackman
2762:
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2705:Jewish pirates
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2549:
2543:
2536:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2473:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2391:Lake Trasimene
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2292:Mediterranean:
2288:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2255:
2253:
2244:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1963:
1953:
1948:
1942:
1940:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1634:
1632:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1595:Maritime pilot
1592:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1565:
1560:
1558:Portolan chart
1555:
1550:
1544:
1542:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1521:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1407:
1401:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1338:
1336:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1131:Oared warships
1128:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1025:
1023:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1000:
999:
994:
992:
991:
984:
977:
969:
960:
959:
957:
956:
951:
946:
939:
938:
930:
929:
926:
925:
923:
922:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
836:
834:
828:
827:
824:
823:
821:
820:
815:
810:
804:
802:
796:
795:
792:
791:
789:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
747:
745:
739:
738:
736:
735:
730:
725:
724:
723:
718:
716:radio stations
710:
705:
700:
699:
698:
696:film festivals
693:
685:
679:
673:
667:
666:
664:
663:
658:
652:
646:
642:
641:
638:
637:
635:
634:
629:
624:
619:
613:
607:
601:
600:
597:
596:
594:
593:
592:
591:
581:
576:
574:Heads of state
571:
565:
559:
553:
552:
549:
548:
546:
545:
540:
535:
530:
524:
518:
512:
511:
508:
507:
505:
504:
499:
494:
493:
492:
481:
479:
472:
466:
465:
463: articles
459:
457:
456:
449:
442:
434:
426:
425:
404:
395:
385:
375:
374:
372:
369:
368:
367:
362:
360:Remote Oceania
357:
352:
347:
340:
337:
308:Remote Oceania
303:
300:
299:
298:
150:
147:
117:
116:
58:"Near Oceania"
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3741:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3675:
3674:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3666:Metamorphoses
3663:
3661:
3659:
3658:The Histories
3655:
3653:
3652:
3648:
3646:
3645:
3641:
3639:
3637:
3636:The Histories
3633:
3631:
3630:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3587:
3580:
3576:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3502:
3496:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3438:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3397:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3388:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3360:
3359:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3351:Marumaru Atua
3348:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3339:
3338:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3311:Samudra Raksa
3308:
3306:
3305:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3297:Te Au o Tonga
3294:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3275:
3271:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3241:
3235:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3157:Blackfriars I
3155:
3153:
3152:Arles RhĂŽne 3
3150:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3142:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3110:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3052:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2973:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2956:Thalassocracy
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2941:Shell middens
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2892:
2891:Naval warfare
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2843:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2771:Lionel Casson
2769:
2767:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2739:
2735:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2679:
2672:
2668:
2647:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2602:Incense trade
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2547:
2541:
2537:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2507:
2506:South America
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2454:Sailing ships
2452:
2450:
2449:Oared vessels
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2428:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2371:Cape Hermaeum
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2281:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2241:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2185:
2182:Migration and
2179:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1989:Ancient Egypt
1987:
1986:
1984:
1982:Civilizations
1980:
1974:
1971:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1526:
1522:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1357:Clinker built
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1342:Boat building
1340:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1092:
1091:Navis lusoria
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1001:
997:
990:
985:
983:
978:
976:
971:
970:
967:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
936:
932:
931:
927:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
837:
835:
833:
829:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
805:
803:
801:
797:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
748:
746:
744:
740:
734:
731:
729:
726:
722:
719:
717:
714:
713:
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99:December 2009
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: â
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3687:
3678:
3671:
3664:
3657:
3649:
3644:On the Ocean
3642:
3635:
3627:
3624:Literature:
3412:
3394:
3375:
3368:
3358:Aotearoa One
3356:
3349:
3342:
3335:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3281:
3268:
3264:
3256:
3243:Experimental
3211:Museum ships
3178:
3171:
3144:
3116:Phoenician:
3107:
3102:Leontophoros
3100:
3064:Butuan boats
3059:Pontian boat
2997:Dufuna canoe
2936:Shipbuilding
2847:and theories
2817:Boris Rankov
2611:
2544:Economy and
2444:Incendiaries
2291:
2078:Indus Valley
2046:Tarumanagara
1973:Ubaid period
1965:
1891:Wadi al-Jarf
1806:Ostia Antica
1410:Fore-and-aft
1377:Shipbuilding
1352:Carvel built
1334:Construction
1292:Steering oar
1173:Sailing ship
1096:Obelisk ship
1054:Dugout canoe
800:Demographics
485:Colonisation
420:
407:
398:
388:
379:
305:
294:
286:
261:
255:
244:
199:
193:
175:
152:
130:Near Oceania
129:
128:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
3651:Argonautica
3638:(Herodotus)
3601:Flood myths
3498:Museums and
3442:conferences
3407:Vital Alsar
3245:archaeology
3054:Austronesia
3047:Hjortspring
3042:Rochelongue
2992:Pesse canoe
2946:Ship burial
2931:Sea Peoples
2864:Lighthouses
2859:Grave goods
2807:George Bass
2587:Spice trade
2184:exploration
2006:Philippines
2001:Austronesia
1994:Old Kingdom
1871:Trincomalee
1821:Prosphorion
1766:Myos Hormos
1610:Micronesian
1601:By region:
1573:Lighthouses
1381:By region:
1146:Quinquereme
1071:Kunlun ship
1064:Penteconter
1049:Dragon boat
781:Rugby union
721:TV stations
312:Roger Green
281:New Ireland
277:New Hanover
272:Pleistocene
236:vertebrates
204:Sunda Shelf
186:Aru Islands
178:Pleistocene
3718:Categories
3660:(Polybius)
3304:Hawaiʻiloa
3186:Nemi ships
3071:Black Seaâ
3017:Khufu ship
2978:and relics
2876:Marine art
2869:Alexandria
2776:Fik Meijer
2759:Historians
2646:Indo-Roman
2459:Greek navy
2361:Salamis II
2351:Hellespont
2311:Artemisium
2301:Nile Delta
2264:Achaemenid
2157:Achaemenid
2026:Langkasuka
2021:Micronesia
1939:Prehistory
1866:Sounagoura
1694:Chittagong
1669:Barbarikon
1648:Alexandria
1590:Pilot boat
1540:Navigation
1372:Sewn-plank
1367:Lashed-lug
1245:Figurehead
1218:Components
1187:Propulsion
1141:Quadrireme
1122:Polyremes
1101:Outriggers
766:Basketball
708:Literature
478:Chronology
371:References
324:Micronesia
306:The terms
230:, and the
149:Prehistory
135:New Guinea
69:newspapers
3673:Geography
3611:Gilgamesh
3500:memorials
3424:Viracocha
3337:Faʻafaite
3290:Sarimanok
3196:Yassi Ada
3109:Syracusia
3032:Canaanite
3007:Moor Sand
2477:By region
2439:Grappling
2411:Naulochus
2401:Myonessus
2356:Echinades
2341:Arginusae
2336:Cynossema
2321:Naupactus
2316:Eurymedon
2150:Classical
2125:Phoenicia
2120:Mycenaean
2083:Tamilakam
2066:Polynesia
2056:Srivijaya
1851:Satingpra
1811:Palembang
1795:Cattigara
1737:(Kadaram)
1720:Jambukola
1714:Guangzhou
1655:(Podouke)
1653:Arikamedu
1615:Polynesia
1548:Celestial
1461:Armaments
1447:Spritsail
1405:Crab claw
1347:Careening
1314:Sternpost
1168:Reed boat
1111:Catamaran
1086:Multihull
756:Athletics
656:Languages
516:Geography
490:Europeans
328:Polynesia
320:Melanesia
266:â in the
228:Halmahera
212:Sundaland
200:Meganesia
159:Nusantara
157:explored
3689:TÄkitimu
3592:Legend:
3550:Roskilde
3429:Tangaroa
3370:Olympias
3344:Gaualofa
3283:HĆkĆ«leÊ»a
3258:Kon-Tiki
3091:Ashkelon
3027:Uluburun
2986:Earliest
2752:Scholars
2634:shipping
2434:Boarding
2346:Mytilene
2331:Syracuse
2296:Alashiya
2259:Egyptian
2243:Military
2234:Timeline
2212:Sardinia
2135:Carthage
2051:Kalingga
2011:Sa Huỳnh
1946:Timeline
1896:Zanzibar
1846:Sarapion
1841:Rhacotis
1771:Martaban
1716:(Canton)
1709:Godavaya
1704:Giao Chá»
1674:Barygaza
1664:Avalites
1585:Piloting
1473:Catapult
1468:Ballista
1442:Mast-aft
1255:Planking
1194:Paddling
1151:Hexareme
1116:Trimaran
1081:Longship
1029:Balangay
944:Category
786:Swimming
771:Football
728:Religion
584:Politics
557:Politics
393:Society.
339:See also
240:hominids
216:Sulawesi
182:Tasmania
167:Wallacea
3629:Odyssey
3606:Genesis
3403:Others
3202:Lists:
3191:Marausa
3141:Roman:
3131:Punic:
3096:Kyrenia
3087:Greek:
3083:Marsala
3076:Sinop D
2951:Tacking
2685:History
2572:Meluhha
2562:Fishing
2557:Whaling
2464:Ramming
2386:Aegates
2381:Drepana
2376:Ecnomus
2306:Salamis
2294:
2284:Battles
2162:Nabatea
2145:Archaic
2115:Nuragic
2105:Somalia
1956:Oceania
1951:Britain
1928:History
1861:Socotra
1831:Qandala
1816:Piraeus
1786:Muziris
1756:Madurai
1751:Manthai
1689:Canopus
1659:Arsinoe
1631:harbors
1580:History
1568:Coastal
1498:Sambuca
1483:Dolphin
1397:Rigging
1209:Poling
1199:Sailing
1136:Trireme
1076:Liburna
1039:Coracle
1009:Vessels
935:Outline
832:By year
703:Cuisine
687:Cinema
671:Culture
645:Society
605:Economy
589:parties
538:Regions
533:Islands
502:Slavery
470:History
461:Oceania
83:scholar
3680:Aeneid
3396:Viking
3377:Regina
3146:Alkedo
3002:Abydos
2976:Wrecks
2845:Topics
2675:Piracy
2629:Greece
2489:Odisha
2421:Actium
2416:Mycale
2251:Navies
2140:Greece
2130:Olmecs
2098:Pandya
2073:Minoan
2036:Champa
2016:Lapita
1961:Remote
1881:Tyndis
1836:Quilon
1781:Muscat
1746:Lothal
1741:Korkai
1725:Jeddah
1699:Essina
1643:Adulis
1553:Charts
1488:Harpax
1478:Corvus
1452:Square
1420:Settee
1415:Lateen
1324:Tiller
1319:Strake
1287:Rudder
1277:Paddle
1225:Anchor
1204:Towing
1126:Bireme
1059:Galley
1034:Bangka
949:Portal
776:Hockey
712:Media
543:Rivers
413:Thomas
326:, and
289:Mussau
184:, the
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
3616:Greek
3419:Abora
3413:Ivlia
3325:Saina
3269:Ra II
3227:Sites
3012:Dokos
2624:Egypt
2546:trade
2511:Rafts
2496:Japan
2484:India
2396:Chios
2366:Mylae
2326:Olpae
2274:Roman
2269:Greek
2167:Aksum
2093:Chera
2088:Chola
2061:Sunda
2041:Kutai
2031:Kedah
1876:Tulum
1856:Sidon
1801:Opone
1791:Ăc Eo
1761:Malao
1735:Kedah
1679:Basra
1627:Ports
1605:Inuit
1425:Tanja
1385:Egypt
1235:Cabin
1178:Tomol
1021:Types
743:Sport
691:films
661:Women
264:Manus
224:Ceram
220:Ambon
195:Sahul
90:JSTOR
76:books
3545:Oslo
3267:and
3173:Isis
3120:Gozo
2641:Rome
2619:Maya
2501:Rome
2406:Nile
2172:Rome
2110:Maya
1966:Near
1886:Tyre
1638:Aden
1437:Junk
1309:Stem
1297:Sail
1282:Rope
1267:Mast
1262:Keel
1250:Hull
1240:Deck
1163:Raft
1044:Dhow
954:Maps
920:2022
915:2021
910:2020
905:2019
900:2018
895:2017
890:2016
885:2015
880:2014
875:2013
870:2012
865:2011
860:2010
855:2009
850:2008
845:2007
840:2006
62:news
2582:Tin
1629:and
1493:Ram
1272:Oar
1230:Bow
683:Art
210:of
45:by
3720::
3265:Ra
3234:H3
2988::
419:,
322:,
253:.
242:.
226:,
222:,
218:,
173:.
137:,
1797:)
1793:(
988:e
981:t
974:v
453:e
446:t
439:v
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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